Chapter 20 The 1950s (150-159)

1. In spring, on the first day of the first lunar month, the Eastern Han Dynasty (the capital Luoyang) pardoned the world and changed the year name to Peace. 2. On the second day of the first lunar month, the empress dowager Liang Yu issued an edict, announcing her withdrawal from the government and returning the power to the emperor (the eleventh Emperor Huan) Liu Zhi (nineteen years old this year). On February 22, Liang Yu passed away (at the age of forty-five). 3. In March, Liu Zhi moved back to the North Palace. 4. On Jiawu Day in March (March Guihai Shuo, there is no Jiawu), Liang Yu was buried.The Supreme Commander (Grand General) will be increased by 10,000 households in Liangji Caiyi, and together with the previous ones, there will be a total of 30,000 households.Sun Shou, Liang Jizheng's wife, was appointed as the Lord of Xiangcheng, and he also collected land taxes from Yangdi (the county where Yingchuan County Government is located, Yuzhou City, Henan Province), with an annual income of as much as 50 million yuan.A special red seal letter ribbon is given, and the status is higher than that of the eldest princess (the emperor's daughter is called "Princess", and the emperor's sister or aunt is called "Elder Princess").

Sun Shou is flirtatious and charming, Liang Ji is completely confused, dotes on her very much, and obeys everything (Sun Shou invented the sexy makeup, including "frowning eyebrows", "crying makeup", "falling horse bun", "bending step", "carious smile", everything ).Liang Ji's favorite servant chief (supervisor) Qin Gong, the official is the management officer of the royal warehouse (Taicang Order), and can enter and leave Sun Shou's residence at any time. His authority shocked the whole country. Before that, they had to see Qin Gong to bid farewell.

Liang Ji and his wife Sun Shou built huge houses on both sides of the street, with opposite gates (Sun Shou granted the title of "Jun", equal to a marquis), and the civil engineering was extremely luxurious, and they competed with each other.Gold and silver treasures, rare monsters, full of houses.The garden was also extensively expanded, and soil was transported from various places to Luoyang, the capital, to build rockeries; in the huge private garden, nine miles of ten-mile avenues are close to ponds.The forests are far-reaching, and the mountain streams and flowing water seem to be formed naturally.Strange and tame birds and beasts fly and run in the garden.Liang Ji and Sun Shou rode together in a chariot pulled by manpower, wandering around in the garden of their home and admiring it.Singer bands, along the road, drinking and singing.Sometimes day and night, indulge in entertainment.The concierge refused all the guests who wanted to see him, so he had to bribe them. As a result, the servant of the concierge had tens of thousands of taels of gold in his family.

Not only in the capital Luoyang, Liang Ji also built forest gardens in neighboring counties outside the capital Luoyang.Especially in the west of Luoyang City, a "rabbit garden" was established. The rabbit garden covers tens of miles in length and width. The relevant local units are ordered to capture live rabbits for supply. Each rabbit will shave off a pinch of rabbit hair as a sign; Sentenced to death.Once, a foreign businessman from the Western Regions (Xinjiang and Eastern Central Asia) killed a garden rabbit by mistake without knowing the taboo. The people, in fear, made random accusations and killed more than ten people.

Liang Ji also built villas in the west of Luoyang, the capital, to house wanted criminals or fugitives.Sometimes the people's children were captured and served as slaves, so that there were as many as thousands of slaves, which were called "self-selling people".Liang Ji adopted Sun Shou's suggestion and exempted a large number of members of the Liang family from official positions. On the surface, Liang Ji showed humility and self-restraint, but in fact it made the Sun family rise.In the family surnamed Sun, there are more than a dozen people who are court attendants (servants), ministers (qing), commanders (schools), county chiefs (junshou) and senior officials (chief officials), all of whom are greedy, cruel, and licentious. vicious.

Liang Ji and Sun Shou sent special missions to investigate and record wealthy families in various counties. If Shou is satisfied, he will either be exiled to the wild or executed. Sun Fen (Shi Sun, compound surname) from Fufeng (Xingping City, Shaanxi Province) was rich and stingy. Liang Ji gave him a horse and asked for a loan of 50 million yuan, but Sun Fen only paid 30 million yuan. Angry, he reported the case to the county government, accusing Shi Sun Fen's mother, who was originally a maid in the warehouse of the Liang family, who had stolen ten dendrobiums of white pearls and one thousand catties of purple gold and fled.So Shi Sun Fen was arrested, and all his brothers were killed in prison, and the property of Shi Sun's family was confiscated, worth more than 170 million yuan.

Liang Ji also sent out diners to travel around, even as far as outside the Great Wall, to solicit foreign objects.Relying on the power of Liang and Hebei, these followers of Liang acted violently, robbing the wives and children of the people, and beating local government officials and soldiers. 5. Zhu Mu, the law enforcement supervisor (servant censor), who considered himself to be Liang Ji's old department, signed a letter to Liang Ji, saying: "The status of a general has the dignity of the king of Shen (Ji Jing, the eleventh king of Xuan, Ji Yijiu, the thirteenth king of Ping in the Zhou Dynasty, and his uncles are both kings of Shen, and they rely on his uncle to ascend to the throne), ranking above the three princes. It only takes one day If you do good deeds, the whole world is grateful; as long as you do evil one day, the world will immediately boil. Now, both the government and the people are very poor. In addition to the flood and locust plague, the government expenditure in the capital (Luoyang) has increased significantly. Usually more than ten times.

"However, the various government units have no stocks, so they all turn to the people to collect. The poor people torture and squeeze to make up the amount. The official government taxes are already very heavy, and the private collection of officials is even more dire. Local officials such as governors and sheriffs , most of them are not moral candidates, so there is no end to corruption and perversion of the law. Treating the people is like treating bandits and bandits. Some people were beaten to death with whips and sticks; The pain of coercion. "The main thing is that all these atrocities were considered to be related to the Liang family, so that the general was resented by the world; the officials and the people were miserable, and the road sighed. In the past, at the turn of the 1930s and 1940s, the government's discipline began to relax, and the people were disappointed. However, in only four or five years, the countryside went bankrupt, their household registrations were dispersed, and they were alienated from virtue. Ma Mian's disciples took the opportunity to revolt (refer to 1444), in Jingzhou (Hubei Province and Hunan Province), Yangzhou (central Anhui Province and Jiangnan area ), almost caused a catastrophe. Fortunately, the Empress Dowager (Liang Yu) presided over the government, cleared and simplified taxes, and the internal and external were of the same mind, so it was considered peaceful.

"Nowadays, the people are mourning without a word. Compared with the turn of the 1930s and 1940s, it is more serious. Without a love of tolerance at home, and without a strategy to protect the country abroad, it is impossible to achieve long-term peace. Prime Ministers, generals, civil and military officials Officials are one body with the head of state. They ride in a car and ride in a boat to cross the river. The car capsizes and the boat sinks. We all have the same fate. How can we abandon the bright road and plunge into darkness? How can we walk on a dangerous road and think we are safe? How can you take advantage of the loneliness of the Lord (Liu Zhi) and not care about it when the situation is difficult?

"Now, it is time to replace incompetent county magistrates and county magistrates in a timely manner, reduce the cost of building houses, gardens and pavilions, and refuse to accept gifts from various counties and feudal states. Internally, we should show noble character and remove people's doubts externally. Those who do evil have nothing to rely on, and the officials in charge of supervision can perform their duties. Once the legal function is restored, everything will be peaceful far and near. And the general has a noble status, a brilliant career, and his kindness will last forever in the world.”

Liang Ji ignored it. 6. Although Liang Ji controlled the central government, he still deliberately made friends with eunuchs in power around Emperor Liu Zhi, and appointed their brothers, nephews, guests, relatives and friends to important positions in the state and county governments, with the purpose of making his position solid.Regarding this phenomenon, Zhu Mu signed a letter of advice to Liang Ji again, but Liang Ji still couldn't realize it. Instead, he instructed: "According to what you said, don't I have anything right?" However, Liang Ji always respected Zhu Mu. , so there is no punishment for him. 7. Liang Ji wrote to Chen Fan, the county magistrate of Le'an (southeast of Gaoqing County, Shandong Province), asking him to do something, but Chen Fan refused to meet him.The messenger pretended to be other guests and asked for an interview. Chen Fan lost his temper and whipped the messenger to death.Chen Fan was demoted to the county magistrate of Xiuwu (Huojia County, Henan Province). At this time, the prince was ill and ordered the counties and counties to buy precious herbs.Liang Ji took this opportunity and sent someone with his letter of introduction, requesting to buy "bezoar" (cow's gallbladder stones, commonly known as "bezoar") at the same time. In traditional Chinese medicine, it is believed that it can cure convulsions, madness, and relieve various viruses. Among all herbs, the price is the highest).Yan Du, the mayor of Chang’an (Jing Zhaoyin) in the western capital, from Nanyang (Nanyang City, Henan Province), arrested a member of Liang’s family who bought bezoar, saying: “The supreme commander (Liang Ji) is the queen’s family, and the prince is sick. He should recommend a famous doctor.” , How could you send people thousands of miles away to seek small profits?" Beheading for public display.Liang Ji took a sap and tried to fight back. The head of the relevant unit of the Waking System knew what to do and investigated the murder case, so he dismissed Yan Du on the grounds of illness. 8. In summer, on May 19th, Emperor Liu Zhizun's mother-in-law, "the nobleman of Boyuan", lived in Yongle Palace after Ming became Xiaochong, and set up traffic officer (tai servant) and supply officer (shaofu). All official positions were completely imitated Changle Palace in Chang'an (Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province) in the Western Capital (Changle Palace in the Western Han Dynasty, except for a short period of time in the early days as the emperor's court meeting, has been the residence of the Empress Dowager since then, called "East Palace", also known as "Eastern Dynasty").Designate nine counties in Julu County (southwest of Ningjin County, Hebei Province) as Tang Muyi (the land tax of the nine counties will be directly submitted to the owner of Tang Muyi) by the Empress Dowager Ming. 9. Landslide in Zitong (Zitong County, Sichuan Province) in autumn and July. 1. In spring, on the first day of the first lunar month, Liu Zhi (twenty years old this year), the emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty (the capital Luoyang) (the eleventh Emperor Huan), presided over the court meeting in the Jinluan Palace.The supreme commander (general) Liang Ji, wearing a sword, walked in proudly.Palace Secretary (Shangshu) Zhang Ling from Shu County (Chengdu City, Sichuan Province) sternly yelled at Liang Ji to withdraw, and ordered the Huben Warriors and Habayashi Army in charge of guards to disarm Liang Ji.Liang Ji found out that he had made a serious mistake that could collapse his power, and immediately knelt down and apologized.Zhang Ling refused to accept it, and sent a memorial to impeach Liang Ji, asking the Ministry of Justice (Tingwei) to interrogate and convict him. Liu Zhi issued an edict to fine Liang Ji with one year's salary.Therefore, all civil and military officials are respectful and respectful.Liang Buyi, the mayor of Luoyang, the capital (Henan Yin), was Zhang Ling's recommender for "Xiaolian". You don’t think I’m not talented, especially for promoting me, I finally found the opportunity today to repay the personal kindness you recommended.” Liang Buyi looked ashamed. 2. On the 16th day of the first lunar month, the world will be pardoned and the year name will be changed (before it was the second year of Heping, and then it was the first year of Yuanjia). 3. Liang Buji likes Confucian school classics and is willing to receive high-level intellectuals. His older brother Liang Ji hates him and transfers him to be the commander of the imperial guard (Guang Luxun), and appoints his son Liang Yin as the mayor of the capital Luoyang ( Henan Yin). Liang Yin, the new mayor of Luoyang, the capital, was only sixteen years old. His appearance was ugly, and he was even more unsightly in official uniform.Those who saw him on the road couldn't help laughing.Liang Buji thought that the infighting between the brothers was a scandal, so he resigned from his official position and went home to recuperate with his younger brother Liang Meng, staying behind closed doors.Liang Ji suspected that he still had contacts with the outside world, so he sent spies to guard Liang Buyi's house and record the list of people who had come and gone.It was discovered that Ma Rong, the magistrate of Nanjun (Jiangling County, Hubei Province), and Tian Ming, the magistrate of Jiangxia (Xinzhou County, Hubei Province), when the new officials took office, Zeng Jin saw Liang Buyi and said goodbye.Liang Jisui ordered the competent unit to impeach Ma Rong for corruption and other crimes committed by Tian Ming during his tenure as county magistrate.Judgment: Both of them were sentenced to be tortured (hair shaved), whipped, and exiled from Shuofang County (the government of Qiao County is located in Baotou City, Inner Mongolia).Ma Rong committed suicide and was saved from death.Tian Ming passed away during the distribution. 4. In summer, on April 3rd, Liu Zhi traveled secretly to the home of Liang Yin, the mayor of Luoyang (Henan Yin).On that day, a strong wind suddenly blew up, uprooted trees and destroyed houses, and the day was as dark as night.Palace Secretary (Shang Shu) Yang Bing wrote a letter warning: "I once heard that God never speaks, but only uses natural changes and catastrophes to condemn the king. The king is supreme, and there is a normal track for entry and exit. The destination must be checked thoroughly before you can stay; unless you go to the suburbs, or to the imperial temple to offer sacrifices, the king's flag and chariot never leave the palace. Fengguoguojun (vassals) go to the home of his subordinates, "Spring and Autumn "Listed as a warning (in the Spring and Autumn Period, the nineteenth monarch of the Chen State, Gui Pingguo, went to Xia Zhengshu's house and was killed by Xia Zhengshu. Jiang Guang, the twenty-fifth monarch of Qi State, went to Cui Zhu's house and was killed by Cui Zhu), What's more, wearing a python robe and jade belt, wandering around privately? There is no distinction between honor and humbleness, and the prestige is degraded. The royal guard guards an empty palace, and the emperor's seal is delivered to several women. In case of extraordinary changes, Ren Zhang and his like suddenly Appeared (when Liu Bing, the tenth emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, was in power, Ren Xuan was accused of treason and put to death. Ren Zhang, the son of Ren Xuan, fled to Weicheng, changed his clothes, and sneaked into the royal temple late at night, pretending to be a guard, holding an iron halberd, Standing at the door, preparing to assassinate Liu when his illness has come, and if he is discovered, he will be executed), and I will let down the late emperor’s kindness of nurturing, and I will regret it." Liu Zhi ignored it.Yang Bing is the son of Yang Zhen (Yang Zhen, refer to 124). 5. Drought in Jingshi (capital Luoyang); famine occurred in Rencheng State (capital Rencheng) and Liang State (capital Suiyang), and the people killed and devoured each other. 6. The prime minister (Situ) Zhang Xin was dismissed from office, and Wu Xiong, the commander of the court guard (Guang Luxun), was promoted to be prime minister. 7. King Huyan of the Northern Huns Khanate (the king’s court was located at the southern foot of the Altai Mountains in Xinjiang) attacked Yiwu (Hami City, Xinjiang), defeated Mao Kai, commander of the reclamation area of ​​the Eastern Han Dynasty (Yiwu Sima), and took advantage of the victory to attack the Yiwu reclamation base.The Eastern Han government ordered Ma Ma, the magistrate of Dunhuang County (Dunhuang City, Gansu Province), to lead an army to rescue.The reinforcements arrived at Pulei Lake (Balikun Lake in the northwest of Balikun County, Xinjiang), and King Huyan made his escape. 8. In autumn and July, the barbarian tribes in Wuling County (Changde City, Hunan Province) rebelled. 9. In winter, in October, Hu Guang, the Supreme Inspector General (Sikong), resigned. 10. On November 28, the capital suffered an earthquake.Liu Zhi ordered civil and military officials to recommend "solitary" talents (the meaning of "solitary" is to be independent, have noble sentiments, stick to one's position, and not follow the world's ups and downs).The county government of Zhuojun (Zhuozhou City, Hebei Province) recommended Cui Shi and sent him to the Palace Gate Reception Office (bus) in Luoyang, the capital. Cui Shi claimed that he was ill and did not take the exam.After returning to his hometown, he commented on world affairs and wrote an article called "Political Commentary", which said: "The reason why the country cannot be governed is that the peace and prosperity inherited by the rulers have lasted too long, and the customs and habits have been corrupted without knowing it. ', unable to distinguish. Some are licentious and extravagant, regardless of state affairs; some do not listen to any advice, love lies, and hate the truth; Avoid offending traitors, and only want to maintain their official positions. Occasionally, alienated subordinates can't help showing a little truth, but because of their humble status, they are not valued, or they are punished after speaking. People below have a sense of helplessness. "It's a pity that since the establishment of the Han Dynasty (Western Han Dynasty and Eastern Han Dynasty) for more than 350 years, the government has become a place where dirt and dirt are hidden. It is to repair the cracks and straighten the inclination; according to the specific facts, the means used are determined with only one purpose, that is: to make this world a peaceful and safe place. Therefore, once the sage is in power, due to the difference in time and space, Establish a system. Because of differences in steps, there are differences in theory and practice. Do not force others to do things that are impossible to achieve, and do not push unrealistic measures for a distant and empty ideal. Kong Qiu told Ye Gao (That is, Shen Zhuliang, styled Zigao. A native of Chu State in the Spring and Autumn Period, who once served as the county magistrate of Ye County): "Politics means getting closer and being far away." Tell Ji Jiang (the twenty-eighth monarch of the State of Lu, Duke Ai): "Politics means Appoint talented people.' Tell Jiang Chujiu (Jinggong, the twenty-sixth monarch of the Qi State): 'Politics is to reduce expenditure.' ("Han Feizi·Nan San") It's not that Confucius didn't have a certain idea, but that the situation he faced was different. Similarly, the most urgent and prioritized measures are also different. "Vulgar intellectuals can't jump out of the chapters and sentences in the book. They are completely controlled by the 'old'. They don't know how to change. They can only recite some dogma proudly, but they can't see the reality in front of them. How can such a person discuss governing the country with him? The great plan of saving the country and saving the people? Therefore, the ministers who put forward their opinions, even if they are valued by the king, are finally restrained by the treacherous people. Why is this? It is only because the stubborn people are used to what they see. Indifference. I don’t want to see the completion of major events at all, let alone ask him to agree before the major event begins! As a result, everyone unanimously demanded: follow the old laws and regulations, and never change. Even people with good knowledge often can’t see it Contributions and achievements of others; I was so annoyed that such a good strategy was not thought of by me? So jealous, I wrote articles, full of righteous words, with the only purpose of destroying the image of the other party. As a result, the prophet with insight was outnumbered and rejected Standing aside. Even if Ji Qi (the ancestor of the Zhou Dynasty) and Zi Qi (the ancestor of the Shang Dynasty) were reborn, they would be helpless. This is the reason why the words of the virtuous and wise are suppressed and cannot be stretched. "It is impossible for a king with political power to have the highest moral character. Therefore, if the law is enforced with strict means, the country will be stable. Once it is lenient, the country will inevitably be chaotic. How to prove it? Try Emperor Xiaoxuan (the tenth emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Bingji) , understand the responsibility of the king, understand the true meaning of politics, and use severe punishments and harsh laws to break the hearts of treacherous and evil people. Heng). When Emperor Yuan (Eleventh Emperor Liu Shi of the Western Han Dynasty) ascended the throne, the scale of administration was relaxed, the laws and regulations were relaxed, and the authority of the government began to decline. The catastrophe of the Western Han Dynasty’s demise laid the foundation in his hands. , which can be discerned. "In the past, when Confucius wrote "Spring and Autumn", he praised Jiang Xiaobai, praised Ji Shensheng, and praised Guan Zhong. Is there any reason for Confucius not to worship Ji Chang and Ji Fa? Just to save the immediate disaster, we must face the reality. A sage can grasp the trend of the world However, the stubborn ones are stupid and do not know that the world has changed. They think that the crude method of "knotting ropes" in ancient times can still govern the chaotic society of the Qin Dynasty; Remove the siege of Gaodi (Liu Bang, the first emperor of the Western Han Dynasty) in Pingcheng (refer to 200 years ago. "Qian" means "shield", and "Qi" means "big axe". According to "Book of Rites", use a vermilion wooden shield The big ax made of jade and jade, wearing a solemn official hat, dances lightly, named "Dawu", praising the martial arts of Jifa, the first king of the Zhou Dynasty. "Book of Books" also emphasizes the power of this dance: Si Wenming held in front of the steps This dance, the Miao tribe immediately succumbed). "Stretch your arms and legs like a bear, jump and spread your wings like a bird. Although you can prolong your life, it can't cure severe typhoid fever. Take a deep breath and exercise your lungs. Although it can make your body healthy, it can't repair the broken bones. Governing the country is similar to taking care of the body. Pay attention to nutrition in normal times, and of course use medicine when there is something wrong. Punishment is just the medicine to rule troubled times; moral education is ordinary rice and meat. Trying to eradicate cruelty by moral means, That would be like trying to cure a disease with a common diet; in the normal state, punishment must be used, and moral education temporarily put aside, is to replace the common diet with medicine. "Now, following the sickness left by the kings of all ages, it is a difficult time. For generations, those who break the law are more forgiven. Therefore, the coachman threw away the reins, and the horses abandoned the mouth. The four horses driving , rampage, and the road is full of dangers, it should be rescued by reining in sharply, how can it be able to respond in harmony, full of rhythm, and move forward leisurely? In the past, although Emperor Wen (the fifth emperor of the Western Han Dynasty Liu Heng) abolished corporal punishment, but Those who should cut off their right toes should be sentenced to death instead. And under whipping, people often die (refer to 167 years ago and 156 years ago). Therefore, Emperor Wen (Liu Heng) used severe punishments to make the world peaceful, not using Generous means." Cui Shi is the son of Cui Yuan (Cui Yuan, refer to November 125).Zhong Changtong, a native of Shanyang County (Changyi Town, Northwest of Jinxiang County, Shandong Province), read this article and sighed, "Everyone who owns the book should copy it down as a motto." Sima Guang said: The laws of the Han Dynasty were already strict enough, but Cui Shi still felt that they were too lenient. What is the reason?Because a dynasty has come to the end of the decline, the king's temperament is mostly cowardly, and the officials who serve as assistants are all in the mood of appeasement.Therefore, the treacherous people in power are guilty of breaking the law, but they can not be punished;The effect of benevolence and kindness is only limited to the immediate; once the treacherous and evil are triumphant, the national order cannot be maintained.Therefore, Cui Shi's opinion is aimed at temporary disadvantages, not a rule that will remain unchanged for thousands of years.Confucius said: "The law enforcement is too lenient, and the people don't care. Once the people don't care, the government will become strict. The law enforcement is too strict, and the people will be tyrannized. Once the people can't bear the tyranny, the government will become lenient again. The lenient and strict complement each other. , the society will be harmonious." (Refer to "Zuo Zhuan") This is the eternal routine. Bo Yang said: Cui Shi's objectively critical article blames the responsibility for the chaos in the world on the fact that the criminal law is too light.Therefore, it is believed that if the doctrine of severe punishment is adopted, the world will be peaceful.This bizarre argument is surprising because it is not the source of the disease at all.More than a dozen people were killed for offending a white rabbit. Is this a light punishment?Shi Sun Fen's mother was accused of stealing, but her brother was tortured to death and her family property was confiscated. Is this punishment still light?We don't think that Cui Shi was confused, but that he didn't explore the core of the problem for a while.The crux of the problem is not the severity of punishment, but the fairness of punishment.When the punishment is unfair, requiring heavy punishment will only make the fate of the unarmed people even more miserable.As for the fairness of punishment, it is also necessary to explore who owns the law?If we talk about the law of thousands of years, it involves the autocratic feudal system.If we talk about the current predicament, the crime lies in Liang Ji alone. He can even kill the sacred and inviolable emperor at will. Who has the ability to judge him and punish him?And it is only he who convicts and punishes others.The discussion in this regard is a bit scratchy. However, Cui Shi's ruthless attacks on the stubborn elements who opposed the reform were very severe.If I were Sima Guang, I would never collect this article and slap myself with it.Take a look at Cui Shi's criticism: "Vulgar intellectuals can't jump out of the chapters and sentences in the book, are completely controlled by the 'old', don't know how to change, and can only recite some dogma proudly, but can't see the reality in front of them. How can we discuss with him the great plan of governing the country and saving the country and the people?" This was not only a slap in the face of Sima Guang, but also a scalping of Sima Guang.Why is this so?Cui Shi's analysis: "It's just because the stubborn people are used to what they see, and they don't care about everything! But the stupid people don't know that the world has changed, and they think that the simple way of knotting and keeping track of things in ancient times can still be governed. In the chaotic society of the Qin Dynasty, it was believed that the "Dance of Qianqi" could still lift the siege of Liu Bangping City." However, Sima Guang's generation believed that Yi Qi Fangxun and Yao Chonghua's set could last forever. It is surprising that Cui Shi has such a deep understanding of the ancient Confucian school.The zombie image he drew in the second century was revived in the old party of the Song Dynasty nine hundred years later.One of the questions we are most interested in is, after reading this masterpiece, Sima Guang didn't blush and his heart beat?Of course, it is neither blushing nor heartbeating, otherwise why would it be cited to gain momentum.No matter how hard it is to wake up a dead soul.Faced with the truth, they are unaware, even complacent, and even think that it is all about other people.We are horrified to discover that our opponents are so insensitive, and how arduous the work of saving Chinese culture is. 11. On the 18th day of the leap December, Liu Chong, king of Rencheng (Jie) (capital of Rencheng), died without a son, and the feudal state was removed. 12. Appoint the Minister of Sacrifice (Taichang) Huang Qiong as the Supreme Supervisor (Sikong). 13. Liu Zhi intends to respect Liang Ji even more, and ordered high-level government officials above the ministerial level (above 2,000 shi) to discuss the details. "Special Advancement" Hu Guang, Minister of Sacrifice Yang Pu, Commander-in-Chief of Gyeonggi Garrison (Sili Lieutenant) Zhu Tian, ​​Intermediate State Officer (Taizhong Doctor) Bian Shao, etc., all praised Liang Ji's merits and virtues, and should be compared with Ji Dan (Zhou Gong) , rewarded him with mountains and rivers, land, and a small vassal state directly under the jurisdiction of Liang Ji. Huang Qiong, the chief inspector, made a separate claim: "Because of Liang Ji's contribution to personally welcoming the emperor's holy car to the throne, 13,000 households in the fief should be added. His son Liang Yin should also be rewarded. Now, the feudal state's fief Yi is the number of users or the number of counties as the unit, regardless of the size of the area, so Liang Ji can be compared with the founding father Deng Yu, and the fiefs are defined as four counties (Deng Yu entrusted the four counties, refer to the first month of the year 26)." Liu Zhi approved.Therefore, the competent unit suggested: "When Liang Ji entered the court, he didn't have to jog, he could carry a sword, and he didn't have to take off his wooden clogs; in front of the emperor, the protocol officer (the one who visited) only called his official title, not his name ("Enter If the court does not go, the sword goes to the palace, and the praise is not famous", plus "Nine Tin", these are the four major signs that the powerful ministers usurped the emperor's throne, and now Liang Ji has three of them), and the etiquette is completely compared with Xiao He (Xiao He only has the first two. Item: "Entering the dynasty does not tend, the sword walks on the palace", and there is no "praise is not famous". According to Wang Mang's standard, Liang Ji is not as good as; according to Xiao He's standard, Liang Ji is superior.) Dingtao County (Jiyin County The counties where the county government is located (Dingtao County, Shandong Province) and Yangcheng County (Pu County, Shandong Province) have all the household registration numbers, together with the two counties that were initially sealed (Xiangyi County, Chengshi County), a total of four counties are used for comparison with Deng Yu. Rewards of money, slaves, silk forgings, chariots and horses, clothes, and houses are compared with Huo Guang (Huo Guang's rewards are: seven thousand catties of gold, sixty million yuan, thirty thousand pieces of silk and satin of various colors, seven hundred servants and maidservants, and two thousand horses After Huo Guang's death, he was rewarded with money, silk, 100 pieces of embroidered quilts, 50 boxes of clothes, and golden jade clothes), which means that he is different from other heroes. Every time the imperial court meets, Liang Ji is above the Sangong , and set up another special seat. Every ten days, enter the court once to deal with the important affairs of the palace secretariat (Shangshu). And declare this honor to the world, as a model for all generations." However, Liang Ji still believes that the competent unit should report Too thin, very dissatisfied. 1. In spring, the first lunar month, Wang Jing, Chief of Staff of the Western Regions (Chief History of the Western Regions) of the Eastern Han Dynasty (the capital Luoyang), was executed by the Khotan Kingdom (Hotian City, Xinjiang). At first, Zhao Ping, the former chief of staff (the highest official stationed in the Western Regions of the Eastern Han Dynasty), died of carbuncle in Khotan; Zhao Ping's son came to greet the coffin and passed through Jumi Country (Yutian County, Xinjiang).King Chengguo of Kumi and Wang Jian of Khotan (surname unknown) had always been at odds and hated each other. They told Zhao Ping's son, "The king of Khotan taught the Hun doctor to treat your father. The Hun doctor put poison on the wound. Dad He was killed.” Zhao Ping’s son firmly believed in it, and after returning home, he told Ma Ma, the governor of Dunhuang County (Dunhuang City, Gansu Province).Coincidentally, Wang Jing took over as chief of staff, and Ma Da ordered Wang Jing to investigate the matter secretly.When Wang Jing passed through Kumi Kingdom, Kumi King Chengguo made the same small report, and said: "The people of Khotan intend to support me as king. If they use this crime to kill Jian, Khotan will definitely submit." Wang Jing was greedy to build up his achievements and was determined to perform.After arriving in the Kingdom of Khotan, they held a grand banquet and invited Jian to gather together, but secretly laid an ambush.The news was leaked a bit, someone reported to Jian, Jian didn't believe it, and said: "I am not at fault, why did the chief of staff (Wang Jing) kill me?" The next day, Jian led dozens of left and right officials to a banquet.The host and guest sat down and stood up to toast.Wang Jing ordered the guards to arrest Jian, but he had no intention of killing Jian at that time, so Jian's left and right officials all fled.Qin Mu, the secretary (principal secretary) of King Kumi Chengguo, was also at the table, drew out his saber, and said sharply, "The important matter has been settled, so why do you have any doubts!" . Khotan Fuguohou, General Shu Bo (sound bo) and others gathered troops to attack Wang Jing.Wang Jing took Jian's head upstairs and announced to everyone: "I kill Jian, it is the order of the emperor." Shubo and others ignored this, rushed upstairs, killed Wang Jing, and hung Wang Jing's head in the market for public display. . Shubo claimed to be the king of Khotan, and the nobles of Khotan attacked and killed Shubo, and set up Jian's son Anguo to inherit the throne. When Ma Da got the news that Wang Jing had been killed, he planned to lead the militiamen from various counties to attack Khotan.The Emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty (the eleventh Huan Emperor) Liu Zhi (21 years old this year) forbade him to call Ma Da back to Beijing (the capital Luoyang), and appointed Song Liang to take over as the governor of Dunhuang.After Song Liang took office, he told Khotan that if he wanted the Han Dynasty to forgive him, he had to kill Bo.At this time, Shubo had been dead for more than a month, so the head of the dead body was beheaded and sent to Dunhuang without stating the process of execution.Song Liang later found out that Khotan was cheating, but he was unable to pursue it (teaching to kill Shubo, that is, killing Shubo, if the head is real, it is not cheating; but it is said that Khotan is cheating, I don't know what it means). 2. On the day of Bingchen in the first month (the first day of Renwu, there is no Bingchen), there was an earthquake in the capital. 3. In summer, on April 4th (the original text is "Jiachen", modified according to "Book of the Later Han Dynasty"), Liu Zhi's mother-in-law Ming died, and Liu Zhi's younger brother, King Pingyuan (the capital of Pingyuan), Liu Shi, was the funeral chief and buried The etiquette is exactly the same as that of the fourth Emperor (He Emperor) Liu Zhao's mother-in-law, Ms. Liang (refer to 1997). On May 12th, Toming buried Boling (the tomb of Liu Zhi's father, Liu Yi, southeast of Boye County, Hebei Province). 4. Autumn, July 2nd, solar eclipse. 5. In winter, on October 28, the capital suffered an earthquake. 6. In November, the Supreme Inspector General (Sikong) Huang Qiong was dismissed.In December, "Te Jin" Zhao Jie was appointed as the chief inspector. 1. In spring, on March 12th, Liu Zhi (the 11th Emperor Huan) of the Eastern Han Dynasty (capital Luoyang) went to Hongchi (10 kilometers east of the capital Luoyang). 2. In summer, on the 22nd day of May (the original text was mistaken for April), forgive the world and change the year name (before it was the third year of Yuanjia, and then it was the first year of Yongxing). 3. On May 23, Liu Guang, King of Jinan (Mourning) (Capital Dongping Mausoleum), passed away without a son, and the feudal state was removed (Liu Guang, the fourth grandson of the first emperor Liu Xiu). 4. In autumn and July, locusts were infested in thirty-two counties and Fengguo, rivers were flooded, and people were driven by hunger, fleeing in exile, as many as hundreds of thousands of households, and the victims in Jizhou (southern central Hebei Province) were particularly miserable. Under the imperial edict, Zhu Mu, the law enforcement supervisor (servant censor), was appointed as the governor (inspector) of Jizhou.The magistrates and officials of the counties under Jizhou heard that Zhu Mu had crossed the Yellow River north, and more than forty people resigned voluntarily.After Zhu Mu took office, he impeached officials who committed corruption crimes one by one, some committed suicide, and some died in prison.Eunuch Zhao Zhong's father died, and the coffin was transported back to his hometown Anping (the capital Xindu) to be buried.Zhu Mu ordered the county government to investigate, but the county government was afraid of his sternness and did not dare to close the case, so they dug up the grave, split open the coffin, and carried out the corpse for examination.After Emperor Liu Zhi got the report, he was furious and ordered Zhu Mu to report to the Ministry of Justice (Tingwei) and sentenced him to hard labor in the Eastern District labor camp (Zuoxiao). Thousands of people, including Liu Tao, a student of the National University (Taixue) and a native of Yingchuan County (Yuzhou City, Henan Province), went to the palace gate to write a letter to defend Zhu Mu, saying: "We saw that Zhu Mu, a prisoner, was worried about state affairs. On the day he was appointed as the governor, he determined to eradicate evil. The eunuchs (Zhongchangshi), who were honored and favored by the emperor, their fathers, nephews, elder brothers, younger brothers, Scattered in various states and counties, they compete with each other to devour ordinary people, and they look like tigers and wolves. Zhu Mu insists on the dignity of the country's laws, so that the evil people who commit crimes cannot slip through the net, hoping to fulfill God's will. "However, because of this, the eunuchs hated him, slandered him, slandered him, attacked him day and night, and said bad things about him. Finally, they used criminal cases to imprison Zhu Mu and sentenced him to hard labor. People with insight in the world, They all believed that Zhu Mu devoted himself to serving the country, just like Si Wenming (Yu) and Ji Qi (the ancestor of the Zhou Dynasty), but in the end he was punished by Gong Gong and Si Gun (when Yi Qi Fangxun, the sixth emperor of the Yellow Emperor Dynasty, was in power, Gong Gong , Si Gun was accused by his colleague Yao Chonghua of being the second of the "Four Murders", Gonggong escaped, and Si Gun was killed), if the dead person was still conscious, Yi Qi Fangxun's tomb in Chongshan (southwest of Dayong City, Hunan Province) Li will be very angry, and Yao Chonghua will be resentful in his tomb in Cangwu (Ningyuan County, Hunan Province) (it is said that Yi Qi Fangxun was buried in Chongshan and Yao Chonghua was buried in Cangwu). "Nowadays, eunuchs and cronies steal the power of the country, hold the power of appointing and dismissing personnel in their hands, and what they say is equivalent to the emperor's speech. Their power is unparalleled. When they are happy, they can make people who are dying of starvation richer than Ji You (Ji You) Friends, in the Spring and Autumn Period, the fourth son of Huan Gong Ji Yun, the fifteenth ruler of Lu State, was called "Jisun". Because of the ruling for generations, even the family of Jisun said that the wealth of Jisun's family surpassed that of their ancestor Jidan);则伊尹（商王朝贤明的宰相）、颜渊（孔丘最欣赏的学生）都变成了子受辛（商王朝最末一任暴君）、盗跖（传说中战国时代巨盗）。 “在如此可怕的压力下，朱穆却昂然不屈，不顾自身利害，并不是厌恶荣耀，喜爱羞辱；厌恶生命，喜爱死亡。只是有感于君王纲纪败坏，恐惧永远不能重建，所以竭尽忠心，为皇上效力。我们愿接受黥刑，在前额刺字，脚戴铁锁，代替朱穆去做苦工。”刘志看到奏章，下令赦朱穆出狱。 5、冬季，十月，全国武装部队总司令（太尉）袁汤免职；擢升祭祀部长（太常）胡广，当全国武装部队总司令。宰相（司徒）吴雄、最高监察长赵戒，免职；擢升交通部长（太仆）黄琼，继任宰相，宫廷禁卫官司令（光禄勋）房植，继任最高监察长。 6、武陵郡（湖南省常德市）蛮夷部落酋长詹山等，起兵反抗政府，武陵郡郡长汝南郡（河南省平舆县西北射桥乡）人应奉，说服他们归降。 7、车师后国（新疆吉木萨尔县南）国王阿罗多，跟东汉屯垦兵团戊部警备官（戊部候）严皓，互相怨恨（前四八年，西汉十一任帝刘奭在位时，在高昌壁设置戊、己指挥官。东汉四任帝刘肇在位时，于九一年，又设戊部警备官，直属戊指挥官管辖，驻防金满城），阿罗多忍无可忍，遂攻击严皓，包围屯田，杀伤官兵。然而，他的部下、后警备司令（后部候）炭遮，率领他的部队叛变，向东汉屯垦军归降。阿罗多霎时间进退失据，率领一百余人，投奔北匈奴（王庭设新疆阿尔泰山南麓）。 敦煌郡（甘众省敦煌市）郡长宋亮，请准中央，封故王军就（参考一二〇年）送到汉朝当人质的儿子卑君，继位车师后王。后来，阿罗多南下回国，跟卑君争夺王位，赢得不少国人的归附。戊指挥官（戊校尉）严详，担心阿罗多挫败后，可能请求北匈奴派遣援军，西域（新疆及中亚东部）势将陷于混乱，于是跟阿罗多谈判，承诺阿罗多恢复王位。 阿罗多遂向严详归降，再登后王宝座。严详护送卑君回敦煌郡，拨付移民三百户给他，供他差遣。 1、春季，正月二十四日，东汉王朝（首都洛阳）赦天下。 2、二月二日，恢复州长（刺史）、郡长以上高阶层官员（二千石），为父母守三年之丧（一一六年，规定高官守三年之丧，一二一年废止，今年再度规定）。 3、二月四日，京师（首都洛阳）地震。 4、夏季，蝗虫成灾。 5、东海郡（山东省郯城县）朐山（江苏省连云港市）崩裂。 6、二月十六日，东汉帝（十一任桓帝）刘志（本年二十三岁），封乳母马惠的儿子马初侯爵。 7、全国武装部队总司令（太尉）胡广免职，由宰相（司徒）黄琼继任。 8、闰九月，擢升宫廷禁卫官司令（光禄勋）尹颂当宰相。 9、冬季，十一月九日，刘志到御花园（上林苑）打猎（御花园——上林苑，在洛阳西郊，面积三百里，宫殿七十座），遂前往函谷关（河南省新安县）。 10、泰山郡（山东省泰安市东）、琅邪国（首府开阳）变民首领公孙举、东郭窦，斩杀地方政府官员。 1、春季，正月十四日，东汉王朝（首都洛阳）赦天下，改年号（之前是永兴三年，之后是永寿元年）。 2、二月，司隶（京畿）、冀州（河北省中部南部）饥馑，人民互相杀害吞食（人间惨事）。 3、国立大学（太学）学生刘陶，上书评论时局说： “上天跟皇帝之间的关系，皇帝跟人民之间的关系，犹如头跟脚的关系，互相需要，互相依赖。陛下眼睛看不见鸣条战争的结局（前一七六六年，商部落酋长子天乙，攻击夏王朝末任帝姒履癸，在鸣条会战，姒履癸被俘，夏王朝灭亡），耳朵听不见战车厮杀的声音。水旱天灾，并没有伤害到陛下的皮肤肌肉；地震日食，也没有损毁陛下的四肢身体；所以轻视日月星辰的变异，也不在乎上天的愤怒。 “因而想到，高祖（西汉王朝一任帝刘邦）当初起事时，原是一个卑微的小民，集结逃亡，纠合伤残，才完成帝王大业，艰苦勤劳，已到极点。这福分流传下来，直到陛下身上。陛下既不能增加祖先的荣耀，而又辜负高祖的千辛万苦，把国家权柄，放到别人手中，使一些丑陋卑贱的宦官，随意诛杀人民。虎豹在鹿场中挖掘洞穴，豺狼在花园里生下幼崽。富民死于苦刑拷打，成为冤魂；穷人死于饥寒，成为饿鬼。已死的人在长夜漫漫的地下悲哭，活着的人则无论在朝在野，无不愁苦。我之咨嗟长叹，正是为此。 “秦王朝将灭亡时，凡是直言直语说实话的，全都诛杀，而摇尾拍马的，却都升官发财。规劝的忠言，困结于舌头；国家的命脉，系于奸佞之口。纵容阎乐横行首都咸阳（秦王朝首都·陕西省咸阳市），任命赵高掌握宫门，权柄已经脱幅，自己还不知道，威严已经丧失，仍然不闻不问（参考前二一〇至前二〇七年）。成败的模式，古今都是一样。盼望陛下远看强大的秦王朝倾覆往事，近察哀帝（西汉王朝十三任帝刘欣）、平帝（西汉王朝十四任帝刘箕子）时代的政治变局，得失祸福，至为清楚。 “我又听说，危急之势，非仁爱之心不能扭转；崩乱的局面，非智慧之人不能拯救。我曾看到，前冀州（河北省中部南部）州长（刺史）南阳郡（河南省南阳市）人朱穆、前乌桓保安司令（乌桓校尉）、我的同郡（颍川郡）人李膺，都洁身自爱，高尚忠贞，正是中兴的优良辅佐，国家的柱石。请求征召他们，再回政府供职，效力皇家。我说的全是不合时宜的话，在禁忌百端的今天，好像冰霜遇到太阳，会终于消灭；我悲哀天下人实在可悲，而天下人却悲哀我是何等愚昧。” 奏章呈上去后，没有反应。 4、夏季，南阳郡（河南省南阳市）大水成灾。 5、最高监察长（司空）房植免职，擢升祭祀部长（太常）韩縯当最高监察长。 6、巴郡（重庆市）、益州郡（云南省晋宁县东晋城镇）二郡山崩。 7、秋季，南匈奴汗国左薁鞬、台耆、且渠伯德等叛变，攻击美稷（南匈奴王庭·内蒙古准格尔旗），东羌（陕西省北部及宁夏）诸部落全体响应。安定郡（甘肃省镇原县东南曙光乡）移民区驻军司令（属国都尉。宁夏同心县东）敦煌郡（甘肃省敦煌市）人张奂，刚刚到职，军营中只二百余人，得到情报，立即率军出阵。部属认为无法抵挡，跪下来叩头劝阻，张奂不听，径行挺进到长城要塞（秦王国所建长城，在上郡郡界），征集士卒，命部将王卫向东羌诸部落招降，进驻龟兹县（陕西省榆林市北十千米。龟兹县，上郡移民区驻军司令部所在，移民多是龟兹国人，所以名龟兹县），切断南匈奴跟东方诸羌部落间交通。东方诸羌部落各酋长遂陆续向张奂归附，联合攻击左薁鞬等，大破叛军。且渠伯德恐慌，率部众投降，郡境内又恢复和平。 东方诸羌部落酋长们赠送张奂战马二十匹，金耳环八枚。张奂在诸酋长面前，用酒浇地，发誓说：“即令马像羊那么多，绝不牵入马棚；即令黄金像米一样贱，绝不收进腰包。”全部退回。从前，一连八位民兵司令（都尉），全都贪污好财，羌人深感悲苦；张奂洁身自爱，东羌人无不悦服，政令及教化，推行无阻。 1、春季，三月，东汉王朝（首都洛阳）蜀郡移民区（蜀郡属国·四川省名山县北）蛮夷叛变。 2、最初，鲜卑部落酋长檀石槐，勇敢而有谋略，受到人民敬畏，檀石槐制定法律，审理诉讼，没有人敢再犯法，遂被推举担任酋长（大人）。檀石槐把他的政府设立在弹汗山（河北省尚义县南大青山）、歠仇水（尚义县南东洋河。歠，音chuo）之间，在高柳（代郡郡政府所在县·山西省阳高县）以北三百余里，兵强马壮，东西方其他部落，都愿听他统御。于是，南方劫掠边塞，北方拒抗丁零部落（西伯利亚贝加尔湖畔），东方击退夫馀国（大兴安岭东东北平原），西方跟乌孙国（首都赤谷城）对峙。匈奴汗国的故土，完全并入版图，东西广达一万四千余里，成为一强大汗国。（自南匈奴汗国归附中国后，北方混乱，迄今才尘埃落定，鲜卑崛起，中国北边，再遇强敌。） 秋季，七月，檀石槐攻击云中（内蒙古托克托县）。东汉政府任命前乌桓保安司令（乌桓校尉）李膺，当北疆边防司令（度辽将军）。李膺到职后，羌人、胡人望风投降，把从前掠夺的男女俘虏，全送到塞下归还。 3、泰山郡（山东省泰安市东）、琅邪国（首府开阳·山东省临沂市）两郡变民首领公孙举、东郭窦等，部众已有三万人；攻击青州（山东省北部）、兖州（山东省西部）、徐州（江苏省北部），破坏郡县，势不可当。政府军连年讨伐，都无法克制。宫廷秘书署（尚书）物色强有力的干才，任命一位在宰相府当秘书（司徒掾）的颍川（河南省禹州市）人韩韶，当嬴县（山东省莱芜市西北）县长。变民知道他贤能，互相约定不进入嬴县。 其他县份的难民一万余户，逃到嬴县，韩韶打开粮仓赈济，主管官员坚决反对（私开粮仓，死刑）。韩韶说：“能够救活死在水沟山谷的人，因此处死，我会含笑入土。”泰山郡郡长（嬴县属泰山郡）素来知道韩韶的操守和名望，竟没有处罚。 韩韶跟同郡的荀淑、钟皓、陈寔，都当过县长，所到之处，以善政闻名于世，时人称之为“颍川四长”。 4、最初，鲜卑部落攻击辽东郡（辽宁省辽阳市），辽东移民区（辽东属国·辽宁省义县）民兵司令（都尉）段颎（音jiong），率领部队迎击。唯恐鲜卑害怕逃走，先教驿马假装传下圣旨：征召段颎前往京师（首都洛阳）。段颎假装撤退，却秘密在途中布下埋伏；鲜卑部落相信，发动追击。段颎的伏兵四起，鲜卑部落全被斩杀、生擒。 段颎被指控伪造诏书，应处死刑；因作战有功，减处两年有期徒刑。两年刑期届满后，任命他当参议官（议郎）。 本年，东方变民越来越多，东汉帝（十一任桓帝）刘志（本年二十五岁）命高级官员推荐文武双全的将帅人才。宰相（司徒）尹颂，推荐段颎，即命担任皇家警卫指挥官（中郎将）。 段颎发动攻击，大破变民集团，斩公孙举、东郭窦，诛杀及俘虏一万余人，余众解散或归降。封段颎侯爵。 5、冬季，十二月，地震。 6、封梁不疑的儿子梁马当颍阴侯，梁胤的儿子梁桃当城父侯。 1、春季，正月一日（原文“己未”，据袁宏《汉纪》改），东汉王朝（首都洛阳）赦天下。 2、居风（越南清化市北）县长，贪污暴虐，超过常情。县民朱达等，联合蛮夷叛变，击斩县长，聚集群众四五千人。夏季，四月，进攻九真郡（越南清化市），九真郡郡长兒式战死。东汉政府命九真郡民兵司令（都尉）魏朗讨伐，击破变民集团。 3、闰五月三十日，日食。 4、京师（首都洛阳）蝗虫成灾。 5、有人上书政府：“人民所以贫困，原因在于钱币重量太轻，厚度太薄，应改铸大钱。”奏章交付四府讨论（四府：最高统帅部、宰相府、最高监察署、全国武装部队总司令部），命文武官员及国立大学有见解的学生，一齐提出意见。 大学生（太学生）刘陶上书说： “我们面对的忧患，不是钱币，而是饥馑。我亲眼看见，连年以来，茂盛的庄稼，被蝗虫全部吃光。政府征收和官吏贪污，使民间的织布机上，空无一丝一缕。人民忧愁的，岂是钱币的轻重厚薄？即令把沙砾化成黄金，把瓦片变成白玉，人民渴时无水，饥时无食，纵然有天皇氏（三皇之一）、伏羲氏（五氏之一）的圣洁品德，伊祁放勋（唐）、姚重华（虞）的清明政治，仍不能保证内部平安。因为，人民可以一百年不用钱币，却不能一天不进饮食。所以，饮食才是最急切的问题。 “参与讨论的官员，多数不了解农民，所以认为铸钱可以解决困难。要知道，一万个人铸钱，一个人掠夺，都不能满足。何况今天面对的是，一个人铸钱，一万个人掠夺？即令把天地阴阳当做炭，把世界万物当成铜，驱使不吃饭的机器人做工，也不能供应永无止境的需索。让人民生活富裕的唯一办法，是禁止官府的重税和官员的贪污，没有重税和贪污，人民自然富足。 “陛下怜悯人民贫苦，却用制造新钱手段，去救济过失，就跟把鱼养到沸水之中，把鸟栖到烈火之上一样。水和树木，本来是鱼鸟的生命线。可是，用得不是时候，一定焦烂。但愿陛下放宽一些刻薄的禁令，暂缓重铸大钱的讨论，垂听小民的呻吟，询问路旁老人的忧虑，考查三光——日月星的变异，留意山崩河涸的警告。人民的心愿，国家的大事，就全都呈现眼前，没有遗漏。 “当今，田地虽然广大，没有人耕种；人民缺乏粮食，没有东西充饥。一些邪恶佞幸之徒，争爵抢官，居于政府高位。贪官污吏，凶残如同兀鹰。窃盗匪徒，掠夺好像乌鸦。连皮带肉，把人民一口吞下，而仍不能满足。我深怕到了最后，民夫、苦工在筑墙开矿的劳动群众中崛起，抛下斧头，举臂呐喊，登高号召。那将使忧愁怨恨的人民，发现一条求生之路，纷纷起来响应。到那时候，即令钱大如尺，如何能救危亡？” 钱币遂决定不改。 6、冬季，十一月，宰相（司徒）尹颂逝世。 7、长沙郡（湖南省长沙市）蛮夷叛变，攻击益阳（湖南省益阳市）。 8、擢升最高监察长（司空）韩縯当宰相；祭祀部长（太常）北海国（首府剧县）人孙朗当最高监察长。 1、夏季，五月二十九日，日食。东汉王朝（首都洛阳）天文台长（太史令）陈授，通过禁宫贴身侍从宦官（小黄门）徐璜，奏称：“日食变异，祸根是最高统帅（大将军）梁冀。”梁冀得到消息，命洛阳县长逮捕陈授，就在狱中处死。东汉帝（十一任桓帝）刘志（本年二十七岁）对梁冀的横暴，大起反感。 2、京师（首都洛阳）蝗虫成灾。 3、六月四日，赦天下，改年号（之前是永寿四年，之后是延熹元年）。 4、举行求雨大典。 5、秋季，七月二十日，全国武装部队总司令（太尉）黄琼免职，擢升祭祀部长（太常）胡广当全国武装部队总司令。 6、冬季，十月，刘志前往广成苑（地望在河南省新安县境）打猎，顺道前往上林苑（洛阳西）。 7、十二月，南匈奴汗国（王庭设美稷）所有部众，一齐叛变；并跟乌桓（河北省北部）、鲜卑（王庭设弹汗山）等结盟，攻击东汉沿边九个郡。 刘志任命西都长安（陕西省西安市）市长（京兆尹）陈龟，当北疆边防司令（度辽将军）。陈龟出发前，上书说： “我曾经听说，当三辰——日月星的运行，越出轨道时，应在官员群中遴选宰相；蛮夷不恭不顺时，应在战士群中，遴选将领。我没有文武双全的才能，却担任大军统帅的重大责任，即令身死，也难报答。而今，西方边陲地带，土地贫瘠，人民不断受到蛮夷侵犯劫掠，家家残破，虽然还有一口气可以呼吸，实际上不过一具枯骨。 “从前，并州（山西省及黄河河套地区）大雨大水成灾，螟虫为害（螟虫是稻的害虫，钻到稻秆中，吸食汁液，使稻枯死），稼穑全部耗废，对田赋或服役代金，无力负担（“服役代金”，两汉王朝制度，男人成年之后，有全国性服役：边界服役三天，不愿服役的缴钱三百，由政府代雇，术语称“过更”；有地方性服役：一月一次，轮到而不愿亲身劳动的，也可缴钱，每月二千）。陛下把人民当做子女，怎么能够不尽抚养之恩？ “姬亶父（周王朝一任王武王姬发的曾祖父）、姬昌（姬发的老爹）所到之处，人民纷纷跟随，尚且载着满车金银财宝，向人民施恩？陛下继承中兴大业，接受光武皇帝（东汉王朝一任帝刘秀）留传下的宝座，临朝主政，对人民却没有特别专注。州长（刺史）和郡长（守），品格低劣，有的甚至是出于宦官的推荐。上级唯恐冒犯皇上旨意，就只求得过且过。人民哀呼嗟叹之声，引起灾害，蛮夷凶悍，利用国力衰弱，人民怨苦，起兵作乱，致使满库粮秣，全被豺狼吃光。军事行动，收不到丝毫功效，全都是将领们没有尽忠，贪污聚敛之故。 “前任凉州（甘肃省）州长（刺史）祝良，初到任时，惩治大批贪官，郡长县长撤职的将近半数，不到一年，成绩昭然，应该对他有特别奖赏，嘉许他的贡献。陛下应乘此机会，调换其他不称职的州长和郡长，排除凶暴贪残之辈；更应重新遴选匈奴协防司令（护匈奴中郎将）、乌桓保安司令（乌桓校尉）、西羌保安司令（护羌校尉），严格要求具备文武全才，授给他统一指挥全权。 “然后，再免除并州、凉州今年田赋差役，赦免罪犯，给他们重新做人的机会。则奉公守法的官员知道奉公守法的福气，营私舞弊的官员知道营私舞弊的灾难。胡马将不能再窥长城，边塞也将再没有不断燃起烽火的烦恼。” 刘志遂重新任命幽州（河北省北部及辽宁省）、并州州长，屯兵大营（京兆“虎牙营”、扶风“雍营”）指挥官、郡长、民兵司令以下，大批委派新人。并下诏：“为了陈将军（陈龟）的缘故，免除并州、凉州人民一年的田赋捐税。”陈龟到职后，各州郡无不震动，节省下来的