Chapter 12 1970s (70179)

1. In summer, in April, the dredging of the Bian River is completed.The Yellow River and the Bianhe River began to separate, returning to the original state before the break in the first ten years of this century (the first century). On April 4th, Liu Zhuang (the second emperor of the Ming Dynasty) of the Eastern Han Dynasty (the capital of Luoyang) went to Xingyang (Xingyang County, Henan Province) to inspect the Bian River, then crossed the Yellow River north, climbed the Taihang Mountains, and went to Shangdang County (Changzi County, Shanxi Province). On April 25, Liu Zhuang returned to the capital Luoyang.

2. In winter, on October 30, a solar eclipse. 3. Liu Ying (Liu Zhuang's half-brother, born to Xu Meiren), the king of Chu (Pengcheng, the capital), worked with a magician to make golden tortoises and jade cranes, and engrave them with auspicious words.A man named Yan Guang reported to the government that Liu Ying, Wang Ping and Yan Zhong from Yuyang County (Miyun County, Beijing) co-authored a picture document and had a conspiracy for rebellion.After the case was handed over to the relevant unit for investigation, it was fully substantiated.The competent unit reported: "Liu Ying is a traitor, please be sentenced to death." Liu Zhuang couldn't bear to approve.

In November, Liu Zhuang issued an edict to revoke King Liuying, demote him to Danyang County (Xuanzhou City, Anhui Province) and Jingxian County (Jing County, Anhui Province), and allocated 500 families in Tangmuyi.Those whose sons are named marquises and whose daughters are named princesses still retain their fiefdoms.The Empress Dowager Xu of Fengguo (Liu Yingniang kisses Xu Meiren) still keeps her seal and does not have to return it (once it is returned, Queen Mother Xu becomes a commoner), and continues to live in the Chu Palace. Before, someone had reported Liu Ying's conspiracy to Prime Minister (Situ) Yu Yan.Yu Yan believed that Liu Ying had brotherhood with the emperor (Liu Zhuang) and did not believe the report.When the case came to light, Liu Zhuang severely reprimanded Yu Yan.

1. In spring, on March 3rd, Yu Yan committed suicide.The Eastern Han Dynasty (capital Luoyang) Emperor (the second emperor of the Ming Dynasty) Liu Zhuang (44 years old this year) appointed Minister of Sacrifice (Taichang) Zhou Ze, acting as Prime Minister (doing Situ affairs).Soon, he was still full-time Minister of Sacrifice. In summer, on April 16th, he was promoted to the governor of Julu County (southwest of Ningjin County, Hebei Province) and Xing Mu from Nanyang County (Nanyang City, Henan Province) to be Prime Minister (Situ). 2. Liu Ying, king of Chu (capital Pengcheng), committed suicide after being escorted to Danyang County (Xuanzhou City, Anhui Province).Liu Zhuang issued an edict to bury him in Jing County (Jing County, Anhui Province) with the etiquette of a marquis.Feng Yanguang should be the marquis of traitors.

At that time, Liu Zhuang was chasing after "Chu Prison", and the scope of attack was rapidly expanding, and it was in full swing.Over the past year, those implicated in confessions ranged from relatives and marquises in Luoyang, the capital, to country gentry and heroes from various states and counties; There are more than a thousand people in the wild.The case has not yet been finalized, and there are still thousands of people still in prison. At first, Fan Yu's younger brother, Fan Yu, asked for his son Fan Shang to marry the daughter of Liu Ying, king of Chu.When Fan Shu heard the news, he stopped him and said: "In the 1930s, our Fan family enjoyed inexhaustible glory. Within one family, five marquises (Fan Min's father, Fan Hong, Feng Shou Zhanghou, Fan Hong's Younger brother Fan Dan was named Marquis of Sheyang, nephew Fan Xun of Fan Hong was named Marquis of Xuanxiang, cousin Fan Hong was named Marquis of Gengfu, and youngest son of Fan Hong Fan Mao was named Marquis of Pingwang). , a woman can marry a prince, and a man can marry a princess. However, if the honor is too high, if the glory is too much, the next step will be disaster, so I never do this kind of thing. Besides, you only have such a boy, why give your future to To the king of Chu (Liu Ying)?" Fan Tuan refused to listen to the advice.By the time the "Chu Prison" emerged, Fan Min had passed away.Liu Zhuang understood Fan Min's cautious character, so his sons didn't even sit down.

Liu Ying recorded the famous people in the world in a secret booklet.Liu Zhuang saw the name of Yin Xing, the magistrate of Wu County (that is, Kuaiji County, Wuzhou City, Jiangsu Province) in it, and ordered Yin Xing and more than 500 county government officials to be arrested and imprisoned in the prison of the Ministry of Justice (Tingwei) for interrogation.Everyone couldn't bear the torture, and more than half of the more than five hundred officials were tortured to death.Only the Director of General Affairs (Menxia 掾), the Secretary (Chief Registrar) Liang Hong, and the Administrative Assistant (Gong Cao Shi) Si Xun were tortured by the Five Poisons (Hu Sanxing’s original notes on the Five Poisons: 1. Whipping. 2. Beating with sticks. 3. Burning with a red-hot iron rod. 4. Binding with two strands of thin rope. 5. Hanging with three strands of thick rope). The muscles on his body were festered, but they still insisted on their original confession and refused to change it.One after another, mothers retreated thousands of miles from Wu County (that is, Kuaiji County) and rushed to Luoyang, the capital, to cook and deliver meals to their sons.After being tortured into that state one after another, his face remained unchanged, but when he saw the food and vegetables delivered, he couldn't help crying bitterly and couldn't swallow it.The interrogator asked him why, and he said one after another: "It was my mother who came to Luoyang, but she couldn't see each other, and I felt very sad." The interrogator asked him how he knew that my mother had arrived in Luoyang?They said one after another: "Mother is kind to meat. She has always been square and square, and the onions are all one inch long, so I know." The interrogator reported to the superior.Liu Zhuang then pardoned Yin Xing and others, but imprisoned (deprived of public rights) for life.

Defendants Yan Zhong and Wang Ping were drawn to Tunxiang Hou Gengjian, Luize Hou Dengli, Langling Hou Zangxin, and Qucheng Hou Liujian in their confessions.Geng Jian and others stated that they had never met Yan Zhong and Wang Ping.However, at that time, Liu Zhuang's anger had already made him lose his mind, and he could not listen to any words that the defendant did not commit a crime.The officials in charge of the trial were terrified. As long as the names appeared in the confessions, they would be arrested and finalized, and they dared not speak a word for the wronged person. The law enforcement inspector (Censor Shi) Han Lang felt sorry for Geng Jian and others being framed, and asked Yan Zhong and Wang Ping: What clothes did Geng Jian and others wear?What style of clothes?The two stayed there, unable to answer.Han Lang knew there must be a reason for it.At a court meeting, he reported to Liu Zhuang: "Geng Jian and others did not commit a crime, but were framed by Wang Ping and Yan Zhong. I suspect that there are many innocent people in the world who have suffered the same." Liu Zhuang said: "Then, Wang Ping , Yan Zhong, why did you confess to them?" Han Lang said: "Wang Ping, Yan Zhong, I know that I have committed the felony of 'immorality' and genocide, so I try to involve him as much as possible to show his innocence." Liu Zhuang said: "Then, you Why didn't you report it earlier?" Han Lang said: "I'm afraid they may have committed other mistakes, and someone will report them again, and now it proves that this is the only one." Gu, pull it down and beat me!" The guards were about to escort the lower palace, Han Lang said: "Before you die, may Your Majesty listen to me again." Liu Zhuang asked: "Who are you writing this memorial with?" Han Lang said: "I will write it alone." Liu Zhuang said: "Why don't you ask the three government offices first (three government offices: the Prime Minister's Office, the Supreme Supervisory Office, and the General Headquarters of the National Armed Forces)?" Han Lang said: "I know it will Being punished by extermination, I dare not implicate others." Liu Zhuang said: "How do you know that you will exterminate the clan?" Han Lang said: "I have tried this case for a year, and I can't find out the truth. However, the reason why I still want to play is that I only hope that His Majesty will have a sliver of awakening. I have personally seen that the officials in charge of interrogating prisoners think that the case of rebellion is very serious, and every official or people should be jealous. Instead of If Zhaoxue is wronged, it is better to lock them up with the law, so that at least you can protect yourself and avoid future troubles. Therefore, if one person is interrogated, ten people will be implicated. If ten people are interrogated, one hundred people will be implicated. Every time the Imperial Court will be held, His Majesty will inquire about the interrogation As a result, everyone knelt down and replied: "According to the previous law, the rebellion is a big evil, and the nine clans (nine clans: the father's four clans, the mother's three clans, and the wife's two clans) should be killed, and your majesty's grace is only to kill one criminal. The world is lucky." But when they returned to the government office, although they didn’t speak, they raised their heads, looked up at the ceiling, and sighed quietly. They all knew that many people under their command had been wronged, but no one dared to offend His Majesty and speak out. I’ve finished speaking, To die without hatred." Liu Zhuang calmed down his anger and ordered Han Lang to retreat.

Two days later, Liu Zhuang personally went to Luoyang Prison to interrogate the prisoners and released more than 1,000 prisoners at one time.At that time, there was a severe drought, and it rained immediately.Empress Ma also wanted to find an appropriate opportunity to speak to Liu Zhuang because of too many indiscriminate killings in "Chu Prison".Liu Zhuang also felt sad and woke up with compassion. He got up in the middle of the night and couldn't fall asleep. The county magistrate of Rencheng (southeast of Jining City, Shandong Province), and Yuan An from Runan County (Northwest of Sheqiao Township, Pingyu County, Henan Province), was promoted to the county magistrate of Chu County (the state of Chu was revoked). Go all the way to the prison and interrogate the prisoners implicated in the "Chu Prison".Anyone who has no evidence of a positive crime will be released.The officials of the county government panicked, kowtowed their heads and tried hard, warning: "This is covering up a traitor, and you are guilty of the same crime as a traitor according to the law. You must not." report.At this time, Liu Zhuang had come to his senses and approved it immediately, and more than 400 people were released from prison.

Bo Yang said: In Liu Ying's rebellion case, the cruelty of "confessionism" was once again shown.In just one county, two or three hundred officials died tragically under the torture of five poisons, which made people lose their voices. 3. In summer, in May, Liu Zhuang named Liu Yuanshou, the son of Liu Jing, the former King of Guangling (the capital of Guangling), the Marquis of Guangling, and took six counties as fiefs.He also made Dou Jia, the grandson of Dou Rong, the Marquis of Anfeng. 4. Liu Zhuang began to pre-build his tomb, and ordered: "As long as the drainage system is repaired, it is enough, and the mound must not be piled high. After death, sweep the ground, a bowl of water, a little dry meat and dry food, and you can offer sacrifices." After one hundred days, sacrifices will be made four times a year. Only a few soldiers are allowed to be set up in the cemetery to be responsible for sweeping. If you dare to increase or expand the camp, you will be punished by discussing and changing the royal temple law Civil and military officials kept commenting on the tomb of the first emperor Liu Bang, feeling bored, so they ordered that anyone who talked about changing the royal temple without authorization would be beheaded. When the eleventh emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Xun, changed the system and revoked this regulation. By the twelfth emperor In Liu Ao's time, he recovered again)."

1. In spring, on February 4th, the Eastern Han Dynasty (capital Luoyang) emperor (the second emperor of the Ming Dynasty) Liu Zhuang (45 years old this year) visited the East. On February 27, in Xiapi (Beigupi Town, Suining County, Jiangsu Province), I personally conducted a demonstration of plowing (expressing the advocacy of farming). In March, I went to Lu County (the capital of the East China Sea, Qufu City, Shandong Province) to visit the former residence of Confucius, personally boarded the podium, and ordered the Crown Prince Liu Da to explain the Confucian school of scriptures to the princes.Then, Liu Zhuang went to Dongping State (the capital Wuyan) and Daliang (Kaifeng City, Henan Province).

In summer, on April 5th, Liu Zhuang returned to the capital Luoyang. 2. The crown prince Liu Gong is the king of Julu (the capital is Yingtao), Liu Dang is the king of Le Cheng (the capital is Xindu), Liu Yan is the current king of Pi (the capital is Xiapi), Liu Chang is the king of Runan (the capital is Pingyu), Liu Zong was the king of Changshan (the capital of Yuanshi), and Liu Chang was the king of Jiyin (the capital of Dingtao).Liu Zhuang personally delineated the boundaries of each feudal state, which is only half the size of the old Chu state (capital Pengcheng) and the old Huaiyang state (capital Chenxian).Empress Ma said: "The children's fiefs are only a few counties. Compared with the fiefdoms of the first emperor (Liu Xiu), isn't it too small?" Liu Zhuang said: "How can my son be as good as my father (Liu Xiu) than his son? An annual income of 20 million yuan is enough." 3. On April 10, forgive the world. 4. Geng Bing, the executive officer of the royal protocol (the servant of the audience), wrote repeatedly, please launch an attack on the Northern Huns Khanate (the royal court is located in Harhelin City, Mongolia).Liu Zhuang believes that Dou Gu, a consanguineous marquis, once followed his uncle Dou Rong in Hexi (central and western Gansu Province) to understand the frontier situation.Therefore, they ordered Geng Bing, Dou Gu and the Minister of Communications (employee) to sacrifice, Ma Liao, the commander of the Huben guard (general of Huben Zhonglang), Liu Zhang (the grandson of Liu Xiu, the elder brother of the former Emperor Liu Xiu), Haoyu Hou Gengzhong and others discussed together. Geng Bing said: "In the past, the Xiongnu Khanate was powerful, and other barbarian tribes surrendered or assisted, so it was not easy to subdue. Since Emperor Xiaowu (the seventh emperor of the Western Han Dynasty Liu Che) received the four counties in Hexi (Wuwei County, Jiuquan County, Zhangye County) , Dunhuang County), Juyan (Ejina Banner, Inner Mongolia), and Shuofang (South Bank of the North Yellow River, Hangjin Banner, Inner Mongolia). Eastern China) was also cut off by the Han Dynasty, leaving only the Western Regions (Xinjiang and eastern Central Asia), and the Western Regions soon belonged to the Han Dynasty. Therefore, Huhanxie Chanyu (the 14th term) requested to approach the frontier fortress (refer to the first five The first month of the third year) is the trend of the times. Now the situation is very similar in the Southern Xiongnu Shanyu (the royal court set up Meiji). However, the Western Regions have not yet belonged to our country, and the Northern Huns have no opportunity to take advantage of it. My ignorant opinion is that we should First attack Baishan (the eastern section of the Tianshan Mountains, north of Hami City, Xinjiang), capture Yiwu (Hami City, Xinjiang), an important base of the Xiongnu in the Western Regions, break through Cheshi (Turpan City, Xinjiang), send envoys, and communicate with Wusun Kingdom (capital Chigu) City) and other alliances, and cut off the right arm of the Huns. Yiwu stationed the Huns’ Southern Huyan Corps, and defeating the Southern Huyan Corps was tantamount to breaking off the left horn of the Huns. Then, we will launch a general attack on the Northern Huns Khanate.” Liu Zhuang thought it was right.Someone added: "When attacking Baishan, the northern Xiongnu will definitely come to the rescue, and they should disperse their forces in the east." Liu Zhuang accepted this suggestion. In December, Geng Bing was appointed as the director of the imperial horse (duwei of the son-in-law), and Dou Gu was appointed as the director of the imperial chariot (duwei of Fengche).Appoint Qin Peng, director of the cavalry (Captain of Cavalry), as Geng Bing's assistant; Geng Zhong as Dou Gu's assistant.The two directorate departments both set up staff officers (engagement) and military and political officials (Sima) to lead the army into Tunliangzhou (Gansu Province). Geng Bing is the son of Geng Guo.Geng Zhong is the son of Geng Yan.Ma Liao is the son of Ma Yuan (Geng Yan, refer to 24; Ma Yuan, refer to 29. Both are founding heroes of the Eastern Han Dynasty). 1. In spring and February, the Eastern Han Dynasty government (the capital Luoyang) divided its troops into four groups and aggressively attacked the Northern Huns Khanate (the royal court was located in Harhelin City, Mongolia). The Minister of Communications (Tai Pu) sacrificed, and with Wu Tang, the commander of the northern frontier defense (General Du Liao), led the Qiang troops and Xiongnu troops in Hedong County (Xia County, Shanxi Province) and Xihe County (southwest of Zhungeer Banner, Inner Mongolia), as well as the Southern Army. A total of 11,000 cavalrymen from the Huns Khanate (the royal court set up Meiji) left Gaoquesai (the entrance to the ancient Great Wall in the southeast of Urad Rear Banner, Inner Mongolia).The director of the imperial chariot (Captain Fengche) Dou Gu, Marquis Geng Zhong, led the local militiamen of Jiuquan County (Jiuquan City, Gansu Province), Zhangye County (Zhangye City, Gansu Province), and Dunhuang County (Dunhuang City, Gansu Province) and Lu Shui A total of 12,000 Qiang (near Qinghai Lake) and Xiongnu cavalry left Jiuquan Fortress.Geng Bing, Director of Royal Horse (Captain Consort), and Qin Peng, Director of Cavalry (Captain of Cavalry), led Wuwei County (Wuwei City, Gansu Province), Longxi County (Lintao County, Gansu Province), and Tianshui County (Gangu County, Gansu Province) to recruit The strong men, including Qiang and Hun warriors, and 10,000 cavalry, left the fortress of Juyan (Ejina Banner, Inner Mongolia) in Zhangye County.Cavalry Director (Captain Cavalry) Laimiao, Commander of Wuhuan Security (Lieutenant Huwuhuan) Wen Mu, led Taiyuan County (Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province), Yanmen County (Daixian County, Shanxi Province), and Dai County (Yangyang County, Shanxi Province) Gao County), Shanggu County (Huailai County, Hebei Province), Yuyang County (Miyun County, Beijing Municipality), Youbeiping County (Fengrun County, Hebei Province), and Dingxiang County (Youyu County, Shanxi Province) and other seven counties militia followed Wu The Huan Tribe (northern Hebei Province) and the Xianbei Tribe (upper reaches of the West Liao River in Inner Mongolia), with a total of 11,000 cavalry, left the fortress of Pingcheng (Datong City, Shanxi Province). Dou Gu and Geng Zhong's corps entered the Tianshan Mountains, attacked Huyan King of the Northern Huns, killed more than a thousand people, pursued to Puleihai (Balikun Lake in the northwest of Balikun County, Xinjiang), occupied Yiwulu (Hami City, Xinjiang), and established The commander of the garrison in the reclamation area (Yihe Duwei), left some soldiers to open up wasteland and cultivate fields. The Geng Bing and Qin Peng corps attacked the Xiongnu King Xionglin (probably the fault of Julin King), crossed the vast desert for more than 600 miles, and arrived at Sanmulou Mountain (unknown today). The Lai Miao and Wenmu corps advanced to the Xionghe River (today's location is unknown), and the Xiongnu tribe broke up and fled northward without gaining anything. Sacrifice followed the Zuoxian King of the Southern Huns Khanate who went to war with him, and he was never in harmony.More than 900 miles north of Gaoquesai, I came across a small mountain. I lied and said: I have arrived at Zhuoxie Mountain (Bayan Wendur Mountain in Mongolia), and I have not found the enemy, so I went to the teacher.Ji Xun and Wu Tang were charged with staying and shrinking at the same time, were arrested and imprisoned, and dismissed. Sacrifice hated himself for not making meritorious deeds. He vomited blood and died only a few days after he was released from prison. Before he died, he told his son: "I have been favored by the country and allowed to be alone, but I have humiliated my mission. Even though I am dead, I am still ashamed." Hate. Morally, I should not accept rewards without meritorious deeds. After I die, you have to return the things that the government rewarded me in the past to the government. You go to the camp to join the army and die before you die, to complete my painstaking efforts. "After Jixun's death, his son Jifeng wrote a letter to convey the last words of Old Chen.Emperor Liu Zhuang (46 years old this year) of the Eastern Han Dynasty (the second emperor of the Ming Dynasty) has always respected Jixu, and was about to give him a new mission. When he saw the memorial, he was shocked and sighed.Every time the Wuhuan and Xianbei tribes sent envoys to Luoyang, the capital, to congratulate them, they often went to worship at the tomb of Jixun and cried to the sky.The officials and people of Liaodong County (Liaoyang City, Liaoning Province) also built temples for Jixun, and offered sacrifices in four seasons (Jixun was the head of Liaodong County before his death, and he had prestige to Wuhuan and Xianbei. Refer to 49). Only Dou Gu made meritorious deeds and was promoted to the rank of "special advancement" (the position of the court meeting is below the Sangong and above the Marquis). 2. Dou Gu sent the deputy military and political officer (false Sima) Ban Chao and the staff officer (engagement) Guo Xun to the Western Regions (Xinjiang and eastern Central Asia).When Ban Chao arrived in Shanshan State (Ruoqiang County, Xinjiang), Shanshan Wang Guang (surname unknown) treated Ban Chao as a distinguished guest of the state, respected him very much, and entertained him warmly.However, shortly afterwards, the attitude suddenly changed, and the courtesy was significantly reduced.Ban Chao said to his subordinates: "Did you find that there is something wrong with Shanshan King (Guang)?" : "No. In my judgment, it must be the arrival of envoys from the Northern Huns, and the King of Shanshan has not yet decided which side to submit to. The meaning of 'smart' is to see the signs before things happen. What's more, the signs have already passed in front of." So, Ban Chao called the Shanshan official who was in charge of the reception, and asked him in a treacherous tone: "How many days have the Huns (Northern Huns) envoys been here? Where do they live?" The Shanshan official said in surprise : "They have been here for three days and live thirty miles away." Ban Chao confines the Shanshan official (to prevent leaking the news), summons all his subordinates, a total of 36 people, and holds a banquet and drinks.Get half drunk and report their current situation to arouse public anger.Ban Chao said: "We are in a remote and desolate city. The envoys of the Huns (Northern Huns) have only arrived for a few days, and the King of Shanshan has treated us in a different way. If he orders us to be captured alive, we will be handed over to the Huns bound by ropes. (Northern Huns), even the bones will be eaten by wolves. Now, what should we do?" The subordinates said in unison: "We are trapped in a perilous place, whether we are dead or alive, we will follow to the death." Ban Chao said: "Don't enter the tiger's den. At present, the only feasible way is to take advantage of the darkness of night and launch a fire attack, so that the opponent does not know how many troops we have. It must be shocked, and it may be wiped out. As long as the envoys of the Huns (Northern Huns) are eradicated, the king of Shanshan We must have been terrified, and we have made great achievements." Everyone said: "I'm afraid we should discuss it with the staff officer (Guo Xun) first." Ban Chao roared: "The future is good or bad, and it is decided at this moment. The staff officer (Guo Xun) However, vulgar civil servants will be scared to death when they hear our plan, and the strategy will be leaked. By then, they will die in an unclear way, and they will not be heroes.” Everyone responded: “Okay, that’s it. manage." Just as night fell, Ban Chao led his subordinates to move out and pointed directly at the envoy's camp of the Northern Huns. When a strong wind blew up, Ban Chao ordered ten men with war drums in their hands to gallop forward and lie in ambush behind the northern Huns' camp. The drums were shouting. Others were fully armed, armed with knives, guns, bows and arrows, and lay in ambush around the gate of the camp." After the ten people arrived at the envoy's camp of the Northern Huns, Ban Chao set fire to it.All of a sudden, the drums of war were beating together, and the sound of killing was deafening.The envoy of the Northern Huns woke up from his dream and was caught off guard. Ban Chao killed three of them with his own hands, and his subordinates killed more than 30 followers of the envoy of the Northern Huns. The remaining more than 100 people were all burned to death.After a night of bloody slaughter, at dawn, they returned with a complete victory.Tell the staff officer (engagement) Guo Xun what happened. Guo Xun was really out of his wits, but soon showed a strange expression.Ban Chao knew what he was thinking, and raised his hand to swear: "Although your official did not participate, how can I claim the credit alone!" Guo Xun was overjoyed. Ban Chao conscripted Shanshan Wang Guang, took out the head of the envoy of the Northern Huns, and invited him to visit, and the whole country of Shanshan was shocked.Ban Chao told him the power and reputation of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and demanded: "From now on, the king will not associate with the Northern Huns!" Shanshan Wang Guang kowtowed and said: "I wish to submit to the Han Dynasty, and I will never have another heart." Send the prince to the Han Dynasty Take hostage. Ban Chao came back to report to Dou Gu. Dou Gu was overjoyed and reported Ban Chao's meritorious deeds on a case-by-case basis, and asked to send envoys to the Western Regions.Liu Zhuang said: "Why don't you send him a ready-made talent like Ban Chao? Instead, look for it again! Promote Ban Chao to be a military and political officer (jun Sima) so that he can complete the work that has not been completed." Dou Gu ordered Banchao to envoy Khotan (Hotian City, Xinjiang) to teach him to bring more troops, but Banchao asked him to take only 36 people from his original team, saying: "Khotan is a big country, but the distance is even further away. Leading hundreds of people does not show strength. If there is danger, it will be implicated." At this time, Khotan Wang Guangde was the overlord of the South Road of the Western Regions (the southern edge of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang). year).The envoys sent by the Northern Huns to Khotan monitored Khotan more closely.Therefore, after Ban Chao arrived in Khotan, Wang Guangde of Khotan was indifferent.The people of Khotan believed in witchcraft, and the great shaman claimed: "The gods have been angry and blamed us for making friends with the Han Dynasty. The envoy of the Han Dynasty has a yellow horse with a black mouth. Go and fetch it to serve me." Wang Guangde of Khotan sent his prime minister to visit Banchao privately and asked for a horse.Ban Chao agreed without hesitation, but asked the great wizard to take the horse away in person.Soon, the great wizard came happily, and Ban Chao killed him immediately.Then he whipped hundreds of leather whips privately, and sent them back to Guangde together with the head of the great wizard, and severely condemned him.Guangde had long heard of Ban Chao's feat of killing the envoys of the Northern Huns in Shanshan, and he couldn't help panicking. He immediately beheaded the envoys of the Northern Huns and surrendered to the Eastern Han Dynasty.Ban Chao rewarded the king (Guangde) and the ministers under the king heavily.Then he stationed in Khotan to appease the countries. As a result, various countries sent princes to Luoyang as hostages.The Western Regions (Xinjiang and eastern Central Asia) were separated from the Han Dynasty for 65 years, and normal relations were not restored until this year (in 13 years, during the new dynasty government, the Yanqi State killed the governor Danqin, and the Western Regions were separated from the Han Dynasty, until this year Only sixty-one years. This statement is sixty-five years, counting from the year when the new dynasty government was established—nine years).Ban Chao is the son of Ban Biao (Ban Biao, refer to 2009). 3. Liu Yan (Liu Zhuang's half-brother), the king of Huaiyang (the capital of Chen County), has an arrogant and extravagant personality, and is harsh and ruthless to his subordinates.Someone wrote a letter accusing him: "With my little wife's elder brother Xie Yan and brother-in-law Han Guang, recruited treacherous cunning, made mysterious prophecy books (picture prophecies), sacrificed ghosts and gods, and cursed the emperor." something to do. On May 25th, Xie Yan, Han Guang, Prime Minister (Situ) Xing Mu, etc. were all executed, and many more were implicated and were executed or demoted. 4. On May 30, a solar eclipse. 5. On June 8, Minister of Agriculture and Forestry (Da Si Nong) and Wang Min from Xihe County (southwest of Zhungeer Banner, Inner Mongolia) were promoted to prime minister. 6. The competent unit requests the execution of Liu Yan, the king of Huaiyang (the capital of Chen County).Liu Zhuang believes that Liu Yan's crimes are lighter than that of Chu King (capital Pengcheng) Liu Ying (Liu Ying's "Chu Prison", refer to 70 years). In autumn and July, Liu Yan was named King of Fuling (Fuling, the capital), and there were only two counties in the fiefdom. 7. This year, the Northern Huns Khanate aggressively attacked Yunzhong County (Toketuo County, Inner Mongolia).Lian Fan, the governor of Yunzhong County, tried his best to resist.The officials believed that the troops were weak and prepared to ask for help from neighboring counties, but Lian Fan disagreed.Just as it was near dusk, Lian Fan ordered the sergeant to tie the torch into a cross shape, hold or insert it into the ground at one end, and light the fire at the other three ends.As a result, the camp was full of fire, and the northern Huns thought that the reinforcements from the Han Dynasty had arrived, and they were taken aback.At dawn, prepare to retreat.Lian Fan ordered his troops to eat at the same place (not gather together to eat together), and attacked in the early morning, killing hundreds of people.The northern Huns trampled on each other and killed more than a thousand people.From then on, he dared not harass Yunzhong County again. Lian Fan is the grandson of Lian Dan (Lian Dan, a general of the new dynasty, famous for his cruelty and harm to the people. Refer to 2022). 1. In spring, the first month, Liu Zhuang (the second emperor of the Ming Dynasty) of the Eastern Han Dynasty (the capital Luoyang) is going to visit the tomb of his father Liu Xiu (the first emperor of Guangwu) (former mausoleum northeast of Mengjin County, Henan Province) family village) grave sweeping.One night, I dreamed that my father and mother (Empress Dowager Yin Lihua) were happily reunited as before.After waking up, I was so sad that I couldn't sleep any more. I checked the almanac and found that tomorrow would be an auspicious day, so I led civil and military officials out of Beijing to sacrifice.On that day, God sent nectar down on the trees in the cemetery.Liu Zhuang ordered civil and military officials to take manna as a sacrifice.After the ceremony was over, Liu Zhuang looked down at the imperial bed from the mat, inspected his mother Yin Lihua's dressing utensils, shed tears of grief, and ordered them to be replenished and changed; both left and right were moved and wept, not daring to look up. (In ancient times, sacrifices to ancestors were all worshiping tablets, and they never went to the tombs in the suburbs to worship. After the Qin Dynasty, tomb sacrifices began. The rich and noble families, next to the tomb, imitated the residence of the deceased, and built a separate house to display the daily necessities of the deceased. .) 2. Liu Mu (the grandson of the first emperor Liu Xiu and the second brother Liu Zhong) of Beihai (respect) king (the capital of Ju County) passed away.Liu Mu loved reading since he was a child, and Liu Xiu and Liu Zhuang loved him very much.Liu Mu once sent a senior state official (Zhong Dafu) to congratulate the capital Luoyang, and said to the special envoy: "If the emperor asks me, how would you answer?" The senior state official (Zhong Dafu) said: "The king is loyal and filial Kindness, respect for virtuous people, deep love for intellectuals, I dare not report the truth!" Liu Mu said: "God, you have harmed me! This is my aspiration when I was young and ignorant. You should say me: since inheriting the throne Since then, I have been depressed and lazy, but only love women, listen to lewd music, and indulge in hunting dogs and horses all day long. You love me by doing this." Liu Mu's wisdom and prudence are similar to this. 3. On Yisi day in February (Yimaoshuo in February, there is no Yisi), Prime Minister (Situ) Wang Min passed away. 4. On March 29, Bao Yu, governor of Runan County (Northwest Sheqiao Township, Pingyu County, Henan Province), was promoted to Prime Minister.Bao Yu is the son of Bao Yong (Bao Yong, refer to 2004). 5. Zhu Fu, the governor (inspector) of Yizhou (Sichuan Province and Yunnan Province), and a native of Liang Guo (there was no Liang State at this time, it should be Liang County, Shangqiu County, Henan Province), publicized the benevolent government of the Han Dynasty and made the court far more prestige All the barbarians yearn for it.To the west of Wenshan (Minshan Mountains, east of Ruoergai County, Sichuan Province), the Chinese have never been to, and the Chinese government has never been to the place, White Wolf Country (unknown today), Panmu Kingdom (unknown today), etc. More than a hundred countries (presumably all of them are some barbarian tribes in the western border of Sichuan Province according to the location) all surrendered to the Han Dynasty and paid tribute to the Han Dynasty. Tang Xi (sound zou), the White Wolf King, wrote three poems praising the kindness of the Han Dynasty.Zhu Fu ordered You Gong, secretary of the county government of Qianwei County (Yibin City, Sichuan Province), to translate it into Chinese and present it to the central government. 6. At first, King Qiuci (Kucha County, Xinjiang) Jian (surname unknown) was established by the Huns Khanate (the royal court was located in Harhelin City, Mongolia).Relying on a strong background, he dominated in the Western Regions (Xinjiang and eastern Central Asia) North Road (northern edge of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang), domineering, beheaded King Shule (Kashgar City, Xinjiang), and named his subordinates as King Shule .Ban Chao attacked Shule from a short-cut path, ninety miles away from Panlu City (橐, tuo), the capital of Shule, and sent his subordinate Tian Li to persuade him to surrender.He ordered Tian Li to say, "Douti is not from Shule, and of course the Shule people will not listen to him. If he does not surrender, he can be arrested on the spot." When Tian Li arrived in Shule, Douti found that there were only a few envoys from the Han Dynasty, who had no strength and no intention of surrendering.Taking advantage of his unpreparedness, Tian Lu hijacked Douti with violence. The left and right guards and officials were shocked and fled for their lives.Tian Lu hurriedly reported to Ban Chao, and Ban Chao arrived, summoned the civil and military officials of Shule, encouraged them to resist Kucha, and then supported the son of the old brother Wang Zhong (surname unknown) as King of Shule, and the whole country rejoiced.Ban Chao asked Zhong and Zhong's subordinates: "Should we kill Douti? Or drive him back to Kucha?" Everyone advocated: "Kill him." Ban Chao said: "Killing him does not do any good, let him live , so that Qiuci can know the kindness and majesty of the Han Dynasty." Then he sent Douti back to the country. 7. In summer, on May 5th, the three officials, ministerial officials, and civil and military officials of the Eastern Han Dynasty gathered in the Jinluan Palace to toast and congratulate, believing that the kindness and prestige of Emperor Liu Zhuang spread far and wide, and that auspiciousness was constantly fulfilled.Liu Zhuang issued an edict and said: "God was born a god, which shows the birth of a sage king. The admiration of Chinese culture in remote areas shows that the king has rich kindness. With my weakness and fragility, how can I be qualified to be this? Just because Gaozu (the first emperor of the Western Han Dynasty) Liu Bang), Guangwu (Liu Xiu, the first emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty), and the divine kindness, universalized the world, so this is the case. Therefore, I dare not refuse, and I would like to toast with everyone. The Sacrifice Department (Taichang) selects a good day and auspicious day, and sacrifices to the imperial temple. "So, to promote kindness, reward the people with different titles and food. (Hu Sansheng's original note: "The time bestows men in the world, the noble, the second level of human beings. The three elders, filial piety, and Litian, the third level of human beings. The unknown number of exiled people who want to occupy them, the first level of human beings. Widowed, widowed, lonely, lonely, and obedient Insufficiency, those who are poor and cannot survive on their own, millet, and three dendrobiums for people.") 8. In winter, in November, the Eastern Han Dynasty aggressively attacked the right arm of the Northern Huns Khanate—the Western Regions.Sent Dou Gu, Director of Royal Chariots (Captain of Fengche), Geng Bing, Director of Royal Horses (Captain of Prince Consort), Liu Zhang, Director of Cavalry (Captain of Cavalry), led the army out of Dunhuang County (Dunhuang City, Gansu Province) Kunlun Sai (Gansu Province) Anxi County).Geng Bing and Liu Zhang were only responsible for combat missions, while Dou Gu had full command.A total of 14,000 cavalrymen defeated the Huyan King Corps of the Northern Huns stationed in Tunbai Mountain (the eastern section of the Tianshan Mountains, north of Hami City, Xinjiang) on ​​the Bank of Pulei Sea (Northwest Barkol Lake, Balikun County, Xinjiang), and then attacked the chariot division China (Turpan City, Xinjiang). The former King of Cheshi (Jiaohe City) is the son of the Queen King of Cheshi (Jinpu City). The Tianshan Mountains, which are covered with snow all the year round, and the Bokda Mountain, which is as high as 5,445 meters), Dou Gu believes that the Houwang City (Jinpu City) is too far away, and the mountains are high and the valleys are deep along the way. Attack the former king city (Jiaohe city) first.Geng Bing believes that the Houwangcheng should be attacked first, as long as the Houwangcheng is completely destroyed, the former Wangcheng cannot exist alone.Dou Gu hesitated, and did not dare to make a decision immediately. Geng Bing jumped up and said, "I will fight in the vanguard." He got on his horse, led his army, and entered the deep mountain.The other troops were guided by this situation, moved accordingly, and then advanced northward, killing thousands of officers and soldiers of Che Shihou along the way.Wang Ande, the queen of the chariot master, had no choice but to go out of the city to meet Geng Bing when he received the news of defeat. Dou Gu.The former king then surrendered, and all the chariots joined him. Dou Gu requested the reinstatement of the Governor of the Western Regions (General Protector) and the commanders of Wu and Ji (Wu and Ji Xiaowei).The Eastern Han government then appointed Chen Mu as the governor of the Western Regions (duhu), the military and political officer (Sima) Geng Gong as the Wu commander (Wu Xiaowei), to garrison the Jinpu City where the queen king belonged to the car division; the royal protocol officer (Yizhe) Guan Chong Dangji Commander (Ji Xiaowei), Liuzhong City (Lukeqin City, southwest of Shanshan County, Xinjiang), where the former king of the garrison car division belonged, each led hundreds of officers and soldiers to reclamation. Geng Gong is the grandson of Geng Kuang (Geng Kuang, refer to 2003). 1. In spring and February, Liu Zhuang (the second emperor of the Ming Dynasty) (48 years old) of the Eastern Han Dynasty (capital Luoyang) ordered Dou Gu to return to the capital Luoyang. 2. Shanyu (whose name is unknown) from the Northern Huns Khanate (the king’s court is located in Harhelin City, Mongolia) sent King Zuoluli with 20,000 cavalry to launch an attack on Cheshihou Kingdom (south of Jimsar County, Xinjiang). The commander (Lieutenant Wu) Geng Gong sent a military and political officer (Sima) to lead a reinforcement army of 300 people to help Wang Ande, the queen of the car division, to fight. The 300 people were vulnerable and the whole army was wiped out.The northern Xiongnu took advantage of the victory to catch up, beheaded the Queen Ande, and surrounded Jinpu City (the capital of Cheshihou State, south of Jimsar County, Xinjiang).Geng Gong put the poison on the arrows and declared to the Northern Huns: "Please pay attention to the arrows of the Han Dynasty. Strange things will happen to those who hit the arrows." .It happened to be another violent storm, and Geng Gong attacked in the rain, killing many people.The northern Xiongnu was horrified and said: "The army of the Han Dynasty is like a god-possessed body. It is terrible." They retreated. 3. In summer, on June 12th, the star Piao appears next to the star Taiwei. 4、耿恭因为疏勒城旁有条溪流，可以作持久战，率军据守（疏勒城非疏勒国，精确地址，已无法查考，仅知在车师后国境内；跟西南方的疏勒国航空距离一千二百五十千米，当中隔着天山，还隔着塔克拉玛干沙漠）。 秋季，七月，北匈奴再向车师后国发动攻击，直取疏勒城，在上游堵塞溪水，断绝城中水源，耿恭在城中凿井，深十五丈，仍不见水踪，军民干渴得发疯，甚至榨取马粪里的水汁来喝。耿恭率领部属，亲自拖挽盛土的竹笼，没有多久，泉水涌出，一时欢声雷动，军民高呼万岁。耿恭命人把水从城墙上泼出去，北匈奴大出意外，认为有神明相助，即行撤退。 5、八月六日，刘庄在东宫前殿逝世，年四十八岁。遗诏：不建寝殿，不建祭庙，只把他的牌位放在娘亲皇太后阴丽华寝殿储放衣服的房间。 刘庄在位时，一切遵循老爹刘秀建立的制度，不作任何变更。皇后跟小老婆群（妃）娘家，没有一个加封侯爵，也不准他们掌握权力。馆陶公主刘红夫（刘秀女，刘庄姐妹）替她的儿子要求当一名初级禁卫官（郎），刘庄不答应，只赏赐钱一千万，对文武官员说：“禁卫官上应天际的星宿（《史记·天官书》：“太微宫后一十五星，'郎'位也。”凡属天文星宿，一概不懂，所以不敢多言，只照抄提供参考），将来还要到地方去当县长，假如人选不当，人民就受到伤害，所以一再考虑。”宫门接待署（公车），每逢“反支日”，都拒绝接受奏章和官民陈诉（古时用干支记日，初一有“戌”“亥”，一日是“反支日”。初一有“申”“酉”，二日是“反支日”。初一有“午”“未”，三日是“反支日”。初一有“辰”“巳”，四日是“反支日”。初一有“寅”“卯”，五日是“反支日”。初一有“子”“丑”，六日是“反支日”）。刘庄知道了这件事后，奇怪说：“人民荒废田里耕作，千里迢迢，前来宫门投诉，却用这种禁忌增加他们的困难，岂是设立政府的本意？”下令取消这项规定。 宫廷秘书（尚书）阎章的两位妹妹，都是刘庄的一级小老婆（贵人）。阎章精力充沛，精通法令规章，依照正常考绩，早就应该擢升更重要的职位。但刘庄认为他是后宫姬妾的娘家人，竟不给他擢升。也正因为这个缘故，全国官吏，都由适当的人士担任，人民安居乐业，远近臣服，户口繁衍。 6、皇太子刘炟继位（三任章帝），年十八岁，尊马皇后为皇太后。刘庄刚逝世时，马皇后娘家兄弟，争先恐后，要进入后宫，北宫守卫队长（卫士令）杨仁，身穿盔甲，手拿长戟，严密戒备，没有人敢闯进门。马家班受到挫折，纷纷向刘炟打小报告，指控杨仁刻薄。但刘炟深知杨仁忠实，对他越好，任命他当什邡县长（四川省什邡县。邡，音fang）。 7、八月十六日，把刘庄安葬在显节陵（河南省孟津县东南三十里铺南）。 8、冬季，十月二日，赦天下。 9、刘炟擢升代理全国武装部队总司令（行太尉事）节乡侯赵憙，当皇家师傅（太傅）；任命最高监察长（司空）牟融，当全国武装部队总司令（太尉），并主管宫廷机要（录尚书事）。 10、十一月二十四日，擢升蜀郡（四川省成都市）郡长第五伦（第五，复姓），当最高监察长。第五伦在郡长任内，公正清廉，所推荐保举的官员，都能胜任，所以刘炟从偏远的地方，把他调到中央（这在当时是一项殊荣）。 11、西域（新疆及中亚东部）发生巨变。焉耆国（新疆焉耆县）、龟兹国（新疆库车县）联军攻击车师（包括车师前国及车师后国），西域总督（都护）陈睦，全军覆没。北匈奴汗国乘势南下，把己指挥官（己校尉）关宠，团团围在柳中城（新疆鄯善县西南鲁克沁城）。而就在此时，东汉皇帝刘庄逝世，无法派出救兵。车师前后王发现东汉已无抵抗能力，再度背叛，帮助北匈奴，攻击戊指挥官（戊校尉）耿恭。 耿恭据疏勒城（地望在今新疆吉木萨尔县境），率领部属抵抗，坚守数月之久，粮秣耗尽，煮吃盔甲上以及弓弩上的皮革。耿恭跟将士们推诚协力，同生共死，所以士气高昂，没有二心。但伤亡人数逐渐增多，最后只剩下数十人（已阵亡十分之九），北匈奴单于（名不详）知道耿恭身陷绝境，敬佩他的英勇，一定要他投降，派人告诉他：“你如果归附，就封你白屋王，公主嫁你为妻。”耿恭假装同意，引诱使节登城后，把使节诛杀，就在城上，火烤使节的尸体。北匈奴单于气得发狂，更增派援军，缩小包围圈，但无法破城。 关宠上书求救，刘炟命高级官员会商对策，最高监察长（司空）第五伦，认为不要去救。宰相（司徒）鲍昱反驳第五伦，说：“派人前往危险地区，一旦发生紧急情况，就把他们遗弃。对外鼓励蛮夷对汉人施暴，对内使得忠臣悲痛伤心。如果是为了一时权宜之计，可以永保边界平安，也未尝不可。事实上，北匈奴一定会继续不断地侵犯边塞，到那时候，陛下将派谁去当将领？'戊''己'两个单位，每个单位不过数十人。北匈奴大军围攻，十余日不能攻破，是北匈奴兵力单薄，力量已尽的现象。我建议：可以命敦煌（甘肃省敦煌市）、酒泉（甘肃省酒泉市）两郡郡长，各率精锐骑兵二千人，多带旗帜，用战地急行军速度，昼夜不停，前往援助。北匈奴那些疲惫的部队，绝不敢对抗，屈指计算，四十天时间，足够迎接他们返回塞内。” 刘炟同意。派征西将军耿秉，驻防酒泉郡，代理郡长。命酒泉郡长段彭跟皇家礼宾官（谒者）王蒙、皇甫援（皇甫，复姓），征调张掖郡（甘肃省张掖市）、酒泉郡、敦煌郡三郡以及鄯善国（新疆若羌县）部队，总共七千余人，向车师出发营救。 12、十一月三十日，日食。 13、马太后兄弟：虎贲警卫指挥官（虎贲中郎将）马廖、禁宫侍从官（黄门郎）马防、马光，在刘庄在位期间，从没有升迁。现在，刘炟即位，任命马廖当皇城保安司令（卫尉），马防当皇家警卫指挥官（中郎将），马光当南越兵团指挥官（越骑校尉）。马廖等喜爱结交宾友，有身份有地位的人，争着奔走马家。最高监察长（司空）第五伦上书说：“《书经》上说过：'作臣属的，千万不要作威作福，不但害了家，也害了国。'（《洪范》语）近代，光烈皇后（阴丽华）虽然天性友爱，但一直约束娘家人，不为他们求官求权。其后，梁姓、窦姓两大家族，都有人犯罪，先帝（刘庄）在位时，多次诛杀（六一年诛杀梁松、六二年诛杀窦穆）。从此，洛阳城中，没有横暴专权的皇亲国戚；请托说项之事，也都断绝。又曾告诫他们：'辛苦结交宾朋，不如全心奉献国家。戴盆望天，既戴不牢盆，又望不见天，两头落空。'而今，舆论焦点集中马家，这不是吉祥之兆。我曾经听说，马廖动用布三千匹，马防动用钱三百万，私自帮助三辅（关中）知识分子，不管认识不认识，都有赠送。又曾经听说，腊日（冬至后第三个“戌”日），对在洛阳的知识分子，每人馈赠钱五千。南越兵团指挥官（越骑校尉）马光，仅腊日开支，就用去羊三百头、米四百斛、肉五千斤。我认为这些行为都违背儒家学派经典大义。内心惶恐，不敢不向陛下报告。陛下本意是要厚待他们，但必须考虑到使他们平安。我今天的陈述，只盼望对上效忠陛下，其次保护皇太后马姓家族。” 14、本年，京师洛阳及兖州（山东省西部）、豫州（河南省）、徐州（江苏省北部），大旱成灾。 1、春季，正月，东汉政府（首都洛阳）命兖州（山东省西部）、豫州（河南省）、徐州（江苏省北部），三州州政府开仓赈济饥饿的难民。 东汉帝（三任章帝）刘炟（本年十九岁）问宰相（司徒）鲍昱：“用什么方法才可以消除旱灾？”鲍昱回答说：“陛下刚刚登上宝座，即令有错误的措施，也不可能立即引起变异。我从前当汝南郡（河南省平舆县西北射桥乡）郡长时，负责处理楚王（首府彭城）刘英案件（参考七一年），仅在本郡，被囚禁的就有一千余人，恐怕不见得全都有罪。无论什么时候，一旦大逮捕开始，冤枉的超过一半。被贬逐的人，流落蛮荒，骨肉分离，不幸死亡，孤魂野鬼，无人祭祀。我建议准许他们各还故乡，恢复剥夺了的公权，使活的人和死的人，都得到照顾。这种祥和气氛，可消除旱象。”刘炟接受。 皇家图书馆（兰台）研究官（校书郎）杨终，上书说：“最近，在北，讨伐北匈奴（王庭设蒙古国哈尔和林市）；在西，重建西域（新疆及中亚东部）三十六国关系。人民连年服役，转运粮秣，负担租税。愁苦之情，足以使天地垂泪，请陛下留意体恤。”刘炟把奏章交下讨论，最高监察长（司空）第五伦，意见跟杨终相同。但鲍昱、牟融都认为：“当一个孝顺的儿子，不应该马上改变亡父生前所决定的事项。讨伐北匈奴，屯田西域，都是先帝（刘庄）的决策，不可取消。” 杨终再上书，说：“秦王朝一任帝（始皇帝）嬴政兴筑长城，工程浩大（参考前二一四年），二任帝嬴胡亥不肯停止，终于亡国。所以孝元（西汉十一任帝刘奭）放弃珠厓郡（海南省琼山县，参考前四六年），光武（一任帝刘秀）拒绝西域（新疆及中亚东部）归附（参考四六年），不会为了要得到蚌壳，而付出华贵的衣裳。鲁国国君（二十任文公）姬兴，拆毁泉台，《春秋》讥讽说：'父祖建筑，与其把它铲除，不如仍留着它，而不去居住。'因为台的存在，对人民并不造成伤害。另一位鲁国国君（二十四任襄公）姬午，扩大他的武装部队，建立三军，他的儿子（二十六任昭公）姬裯继位后，立即舍弃，恢复祖父时代原状；道德学问之士，大大赞扬他这项复古行动。因为，如果不舍弃的话，将带给人民灾难。而今，伊吾（新疆哈密市）屯田、鄯善（新疆若羌县）驻防，战士久不回国，不是上天的旨意。”刘炟接受。 2、正月二十三日，刘炟下诏：“部长、郡长级以上高级官员注意：你们应勤勉地提倡农耕跟种桑养蚕，全民都要投入。除非是唯一死刑的大罪，其他普通罪行一律等到秋天之后再行审理。有关单位对官员的任命，要特别谨慎，擢升温柔良善，排除贪污奸猾；顺着一年四季的节气，对冤狱提出检举。” 这时，政府继承前任（二任明帝）皇帝刘庄的政风，无论行政、司法，都十分严苛。宫廷秘书署（尚书）所作裁决，全引用处罚最重的条文。宫廷秘书（尚书）沛国（首府相县）人陈宠，认为刘炟新近才登帝位，应该改革前世这种苛政，上书说：“我曾经听说，圣明君王治理国家，赏赐不过分，刑罚不泛滥。实在不得已时，宁可赏赐过分，也不要刑罚泛滥。从前（本世纪六〇年代，二任明帝刘庄在位时），审判官司采取严厉手段，威力所及，邪恶消失。邪恶消失之后，理应宽厚，使它平衡。陛下即位以来，一向掌握这个方向，数次诏告臣僚，提倡温和。可是，有关单位并不能完全体察陛下恩德，仍追求苛刻。审问官急于苦刑拷打，使被告痛苦；执法的人不是被一些构陷文书搞得心烦意乱，就是假公济私，卖弄手中掌握的权势。治理人民，好像琴瑟调音，大弦调得太紧，小弦势将折断。陛下应发扬先王（古代圣明君王）的宽厚道理，废除繁杂苛刻的法令，减轻苦刑，拯救众生。使恩德普及，上奉天心。”刘炟采纳陈宠的意见，对事宽厚处理。 3、酒泉郡（甘肃省酒泉市）郡长段彭等各路援军，在柳中（新疆鄯善县西南鲁克沁城）集结，攻击车师前国首都交河城（新疆吐鲁番市），杀三千八百人，俘虏三千余人。北匈奴惊恐，抛下他的盟友，向北逃走。车师前国再次向东汉投降；而就在这时候，己指挥官（己校尉）关宠已经逝世。皇家礼宾官（谒者）王蒙等，打算放弃远在北方被围经年的戊指挥官耿恭（时在疏勒城），就此撤退。恰好耿恭的一位部属范羌，正在大营（耿恭派范羌到敦煌郡接运官兵冬装，范羌遂随同援军一齐出塞），坚持要求援救耿恭。可是耿恭远在高插云霄的天山（指天山山脉东段，在今新疆东北部）那一边，天寒路险，将领们恐惧，不敢前往，但又无法驳斥范羌的要求。于是，拨付范羌二千人，命范羌负担这项使命。范羌毅然北上，正逢大雪不止，地面积雪一丈有余，艰苦挣扎，二千人终于勉强抵达疏勒城。时正深夜，城中耿恭部队，听到人喊马嘶，以为是北匈奴援军，惊骇恐怖，不知所措。范羌从远处高呼：“我是范羌，大军来迎接指挥官（耿恭）。”城中大喜若狂，高喊万岁，开门相见，拥抱在一起，失声痛哭。 天明，向南班师，北匈奴兵团追击，耿恭、范羌，且战且走。官兵久经饥饿，身弱体乏，从疏勒城出发时，还有二十六人，沿途死亡。 三月，回到玉门关（甘肃省敦煌市西北）时，只剩下十三人，衣服破烂，鞋袜洞穿，面容枯槁，不成人形。皇家警卫指挥官（中郎将）郑众（郑众原本是军政官，到敦煌后擢升），给耿恭跟他的部属，洗个热水澡，换上衣服。上奏中央政府：“耿恭以微弱的兵力，困守孤城，面对北匈奴数万大军，从去年到今年，一连几个月，心力全都耗尽，挖凿岩石，掘取井水，煮食弓弩上的皮革充饥，前后杀伤敌人，有数千之多，忠勇俱全，没有使汉朝蒙羞。请求赐给他荣耀的官爵，用以激励将士。” 耿恭到首都洛阳，东汉政府擢升他当骑兵总监（骑都尉）。刘炟依据决策，下诏撤销西域总督（都护）跟戊、己两指挥官，并征召班超回国。 4、这时，班超驻扎疏勒国（新疆喀什市）。疏勒人得到班超将要调回中央消息，全国震动，忧愁恐惧交加。疏勒驻军司令（都尉）黎弇说：“东汉使节一去，疏勒国必然再被龟兹国（新疆库车县）灭亡，我不忍眼看着东汉使节，离开国土！”拔刀自杀。 班超东下，抵达于阗国（新疆和田市）时，于阗王以及侯爵以下，大声哭号，说：“我们依赖汉朝，犹如儿女依赖父母，你怎么能走？”抱住班超的马腿，不允许前进。而班超自幼志壮山河，也想完成他的愿望，于是打消归意，再回疏勒国。而就这几天工夫，疏勒国的两个城市，已归降龟兹国，并跟尉头国（新疆阿合奇县西南哈拉奇城）结盟。班超捕斩叛徒，大败尉头国，杀六百余人，疏勒国局势才再恢复安定。 5、三月十二日，山阳郡（山东省金乡县西北昌邑镇）及东平国（首府无盐）地震。 6、东平王（首府无盐）刘苍，上书陈述三项意见。刘炟回信说：“最近，在官民奏章中，也有这样的建议，但分析不够深入，有人说可以做，有人说不可以做，不知道如何裁定。得到大王深谋远虑的计划，豁然贯通，所提各点，当依照顺序执行。”赏赐这位老叔钱五百万。 后来，刘炟打算把祖父刘秀、老爹刘庄坟墓所在地，设立县城。刘苍上书劝阻，说：“我曾经看到光武皇帝（一任刘秀）俭省节约，了解'始''终'的分际，恳切指示丧葬细节（参考五〇年）孝明皇帝（二任刘庄）奉行'大孝无违遗命'大义，不敢更改，完全遵行。谦让的美德，在这件事上更为显明。我愚昧的看法是，非得把坟墓搞得豪华盛大，是秦王朝开创的风气（秦王朝一任帝嬴政，坟墓建在骊山，工程直到秦王朝灭亡，都没有完成，而且强迫移民三万家，建立城市骊邑。西汉王朝完全效法，皇帝的坟墓，都要设立县城，直到十一任帝刘爽时，才算停止），在古代，连一座土陇，都不要它明显突出地面（《礼记》：“古者墓而不坟。”下葬棺木的墓穴，称“墓”。突出地面的土堆，称“坟”。古代，只有墓，而无坟。嬴政之后，坟墓才结合一起），何况再建立城市，兴筑墙垣？对上违背先帝（父祖）的圣心，对下是一种没有利益的工作。浪费国库，伤害人民，不是培养和睦，祈求丰年的方法。陛下跟姚重华（黄帝王朝七任帝虞帝）一样，有至孝的天性，追念父亲的遗命，臣刘苍诚恐怕有害于二位皇帝纯洁的美德，使这项美德不能流传。” 刘炟遂命停止。从此，中央政府每遇到疑难，就派使节乘政府驿马车，询问刘苍的意见。刘苍尽心回答，都被采纳。 7、秋季，八月二十日，天市星旁出现孛星。 8、最初，益州郡（云南省晋宁县东晋城镇）西部民兵司令（西部都尉）、广汉郡（四川省梓潼县）人郑纯，清廉正直，恩德教化，感动蛮夷，各部落酋长们敬慕之余，都愿向东汉王朝进贡归附。二任帝刘庄时，在蛮夷归附的土地上（参考六九年），特别设立永昌郡（云南省保山市），任命郑纯当郡长。郑纯在官十年逝世。继任郡长不得其法，激怒蛮夷。 九月，哀牢王（云南省南部少数民族首领）类牢，击斩郡长、县长，攻击博南（云南省永平县）。 9、阜陵王（首府阜陵）刘延（参考七三年），仍不断批评政府。有人检举刘延跟子男鲂，密谋叛变。刘炟不忍诛杀。 冬季，十一月，贬刘延当阜陵侯，采邑只有一县（阜陵县），不准跟官员人民来往。 10、北匈奴汗国皋林温禺犊王，率军返回原居地涿邪山（蒙古国巴彦温都尔山），南匈奴汗国（王