Chapter 15 6. The Great Split

The "Eight Princes Rebellion" ended at the beginning of this century, the situation was out of control, and the "Era of Great Split (304-589)" came. The "Great Split Era" is divided into two periods, the early period is the "Five Husbands and the Nineteen Kingdoms Period (304-439)", and the later period is the "Northern and Southern Dynasties Period (439-589)".This century (the fourth century) is the century of the Five Hu and Nineteen Kingdoms. The chiefs of the Xiongnu, Xianbei, Jie, Di, and Qiang nationalities, as well as the heroes of the Han nationality, rose up against the chaotic tyranny caused by the "Eight Kings Rebellion".The two emperors of the Jin Dynasty were captured alive and killed by them.The Jin Dynasty had no choice but to retreat to the south of the Huaihe River, moved its capital to Jiankang (Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province), and became a regional local government (known as the Eastern Jin Dynasty in history).The whole of China was caught in a large-scale and fierce civil war that had never been seen in history. Human lives were not as good as pigs and dogs, which made people cry.

1. In spring, on the first day of the first lunar month, the Jin Empire (capital Luoyang) amnesty. 2. The emperor of the Han Zhao Empire (the capital of Pingyang) (the first Guangwen Emperor) Liu Yuan made the daughter of Shan Zheng the queen (Shan Zheng is the chief of the Di ethnic group in Shangjun, who returned to Han and Zhao, refer to the July of the previous year), and the prince Liang Wang Liu He became the emperor Prince, amnesty.He also appointed the prince Liu Yi as the king of Beihai; appointed Liu Yang, the king of Changle, as the supreme commander (Da Sima). 3. Shi Le, the general of the Han and Zhao Empires, crossed the Yellow River to the north and captured Baima (to the east of Huaxian County, Henan Province).General Wang Mi led 30,000 troops to join forces with Shi Le, and jointly attacked Xuzhou (northern Jiangsu Province), Yuzhou (eastern Henan Province), and Yanzhou (western Shandong Province).

In February, Shi Le captured Juancheng (north of Juancheng County, Shandong Province), and beheaded Yuan Fu, governor (inspector) of Yanzhou of the Jin Empire; captured Cangyuan (northeast of Kaifeng City, Henan Province), and beheaded Wang Kan, the chariot general of the Jin Empire.Then he crossed the Yellow River to the north and attacked the counties of Jizhou (southern central Hebei Province). More than 90,000 people followed him. 4. Li Guo, commander-in-chief (taiwei) of the national armed forces of the Chenghan Empire (capital Chengdu), guarded Brazil County (Langzhong City, Sichuan Province).Combat officer (under the tent) Aragon Shi, beheaded Li Guo, sacrificed Brazil County, and returned to Jin Empire (capital Luoyang) Yizhou Governor Luo Shang (Luo Shang was stationed in Berkshire · Chongqing at this time).

5. Sima Yue, the Taifu of the Jin Empire (the second of the upper three princes), recalled Jianwei General Wu Xingjun (Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province) Ren Qian, and Yangzhou (the state government established Shouchun) Governor Wang Dun.Qian planned to murder Wang Dun and then rebelled. Wang Dun fled to Jianye (Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province) and reported to Langya King Sima Rui.Qian Sui publicly raised troops to attack Yangxian (Yixing City, Jiangsu Province); Sima Rui ordered general Guo Yi and others to crusade, and the folk leader Zhou Qi (sound qi) assembled Ding Zhuang from the village to jointly attack with Guo Yi and others, beheading Qian.Zhou Qi pacified Jiangnan three times (304 against Shibing, 307 against Chen Min, and this year against Qian). Sima Rui appointed Zhou Qi as the head of Wuxing County, and specially established Yixing County in Zhou Qi's hometown. (The county government set up Yangxian) to praise his character and contribution.

6. Cao Yi, General Anton of the Han and Zhao Empires (capital Pingyang), led his army to advance eastward from Daliang (Kaifeng City, Henan Province), and captured Dongping County (northwest of Dongping County, Shandong Province) and attacked Langye County (Linyi City, Shandong Province). ). 7. In summer and April, Qi Hong, the general of Wang Jun, the governor of Youzhou in the Jin Empire, defeated Liu Ling, the governor of Jizhou in the Han and Zhao Empires in Guangzong (east of Wei County, Hebei Province), and beheaded Liu Ling. 8. Li Xiong (37 years old), the emperor of the Chenghan Empire (the capital of Chengdu) said to his general Zhang Bao: "If you can take back Zitong (Zitong County, Sichuan Province), I will take Li Xiong back." Li's official position will be rewarded to you." (For the murder of Li Li, the commander-in-chief of the national armed forces, refer to November last year) Zhang Baosui murdered and fled first, and defected to Zitong.Coincidentally, Luo Shang, the governor of Yizhou (the state government is located in Ba County) of the Jin Empire, sent envoys to come, and Rong Qi and others went out of the city to meet him; Langzhong City).Li Xiong appointed Zhang Bao as the commander-in-chief of the national armed forces.

9. Six prefectures belonging to the Jin Empire, including Youzhou, Bingzhou, Sizhou, Jizhou, Qinzhou (southern Gansu Province), and Yongzhou (central part of Shaanxi Province), were plagued by locusts. After eating up all the vegetation, even the fur on cattle and horses was eaten up ( A terrible famine has come). 10. In autumn and July, Liu Cong, King of Chu of the Han Zhao Empire, Liu Yao, King of Shi'an, Shi Le, General of Zhendong, and General Zhao Gu of Anbei, surrounded Pei Zheng, the governor of Hanoi County (Qinyang City, Henan Province) of the Jin Empire in Huai County ( Wuzhi County, Henan Province).The Jin Empire sent General Song Fan to rescue the captives.Shi Le joined forces with Wang Sang, the great general of Pingbei, to defeat Song Hua.The people of Hanoi County mobilized to arrest Pei Zheng, and Kaesong surrendered.Liu Yuan, Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty, appointed Pei Zheng as the Secretary-General of the State Council Zuo (Shangshu Zuocheng).Guo Mo, the general of the Hanoi county government, assembled Pei Zheng's remnants and defeated generals, built a walled city (dock) to defend it, and appointed himself the lord of the city.Liu Kun, the governor (inspector) of Bingzhou in the Jin Empire, ordered Guo Mo to be the governor of Hanoi County.

11. Luo Shang, governor of Yizhou in the Jin Empire, died in Berkshire.Emperor Jin (the fifth Emperor Huai) Sima Chi (37 years old this year) issued an edict ordering the governor of Changsha County (Changsha City, Hunan Province) and Ren Pisu of Xiapi County (Beigupi Town, Suining County, Jiangsu Province) to succeed him. . 12. On July 9th, Emperor Liu Yuan of the Han Zhao Empire fell ill. On July 10th, Liu Yuan appointed Liu Huanxi, king of Chenliu, as Taizai (one of the Shang Sangong), Liu Yang, king of Changle, as Taifu, Liu Yannian, king of Jiangdu, as Taibao (third of the Shang Sangong); Liu Cong, king of Chu, as the supreme commander (Da Sima ), Da Chanyu; the above officials are also in charge of government secrets (recording affairs); and built "Shanyu Terrace" in the west of the capital Pingyang (Linfen City, Shanxi Province).Appoint Qi Wang Liu Yu as Prime Minister (Da Situ), Lu Wang Liu Long as Premier of the State Council (Shang Shuling), Beihai King Liu Yi as Fujun General and Gyeonggi General Garrison Commander (Sili Xiaowei), Shi'an King Liu Yao as Commander in Chief (conquering the governor) and assistant to Shan Yu's left wing (Shan Yu's left assistant); Minister of Justice (Tingwei) Qiao Zhiming as a champion general and Shan Yu's right-wing assistant (Shan Yu's right assistant); special state official (Doctor Guanglu) Liu Yin was the left executive director of the State Council (left servant), Wang Yu was the right executive director of the State Council (right servant), Ren was the Minister of Civil Affairs of the State Council (Shangshu), Zhu Ji was the chief legislator (Zhongshujian), and the military director (Guardian) Ma Jing is also the commander of the garrison of the Eastern District of the capital (General Left Guard), King Liu Anguo of Yong'an is also the commander of the Garrison of the Western District of the capital (General Right Guard), King Liu Sheng of Anchang, King Liu Qin of Anyi, and King Liu Sui of Xiyang, all of whom are also Generals of Military Guards, respectively in charge of the royal family. Janissaries.

At first, when Liu Sheng was young, he didn't read much, he only read "Book of Filial Piety", and said: "After reading these two books, it is enough to follow suit. Why read so much instead of Willing to practice!" Li Xi, the Chief Inspector of the Jin Empire (Censor Zhongcheng) saw him, sighed and said: "He was very casual when we got along with him at first, but after we made friends with him, we found that his attitude was serious. This is what we call a 'gentleman' .” Liu Yuan believed that he was loyal and sincere, so before he died, he entrusted him with important responsibilities.

On July 16, Liu Yuan ordered Dazai Liu Huanxi and others to enter the palace to accept the will and assist in governing. On July 18th, Liu Yuan passed away (unknown age), and Prince Liu He succeeded to the throne (the second emperor). Liu He is jealous and suspicious, and treats others meanly and unkindly.Hu Yanyou, Minister of Royal Affairs (Zong Zheng), is the son of Hu Yanyi (Huyanyi was killed, refer to October last year); Liu Yuan was not allowed to promote Huyanyou during his tenure because of his corrupt character, and he was not allowed to be an official. Other things; Liu Cheng, a senior consultant (servant), has always hated Liu Cong, the king of Chu; and Liu Rui, the commander of the security of the imperial city (Wei Wei), the king of Xichang, felt a kind of humiliation that he was not included in the list of Tuogu ministers.The three of them formed a small circle and warned Liu He: "The first emperor (Liu Yuan) did not carefully consider the severity of the situation, so that the three princes had a strong army in the capital (Three Kings: Qi Wang Liu Yu, Lu Wang Liu Long, Beihai King Liu Yi); and let the supreme commander (Da Sima Liu Cong) command an army of 100,000 and garrison the suburbs. Isn't the throne of His Majesty (Liu He) temporarily borrowed? It is best to make a decision early." Liu He is Hu Yanyou's nephew Liu He trusted this uncle very much.

On the night of July 20, Liu He summoned Liu Sheng, king of Anchang, and Liu Qin, king of Anyi, and told them his decision.Liu Sheng said: "The late emperor's coffin is still in the hall. The four princes (including Liu Cong) did not act rebelliously. Once their own people slaughtered their own people like fish and meat, what will the people of the world say about your majesty? And the great cause of the empire But just at the beginning, Your Majesty must not believe that slanderers are sowing discord and doubting your brother! Brothers can't believe it, can others believe it?" Hu Yanyou and Liu Rui shouted: "Today's decision, there is no There is room for negotiation, what are you talking about?" He ordered Liu Sheng to be killed on the spot.Liu Qin was terrified and said, "Your Majesty's orders are completely obeyed."

On July 21st, Liu Rui led his troops to attack Shanyutai (west of Pingyang, the capital) where Ma Jing, King of Chu, Liu Cong's camp was located; Take Liu Qin, the king of Anyi, to attack Liu Long, the king of Lu; Tian Mi, the executive officer of the State Council (Shang Shu), and Liu Sui, the general of Wuwei, attack Liu Yi, the king of Beihai.After Tian Mi and Liu Sui set off, they instead worshiped Liu Yi, opened the city gate, and defected to Liu Cong. Liu Cong ordered to prepare for war.Knowing that Liu Cong was ready, Liu Rui withdrew immediately, and joined forces with Hu Yanyou and Liu Cheng to attack Lu Wang Liu Long and Qi Wang Liu Yu.Hu Yanyou and Liu Cheng suspected that Liu Anguo and Liu Qin were unwilling to work together and had other plans, so they beheaded Liu Anguo and Liu Qin.On the same day (July 21st), Liu Yu was beheaded. On July 22, Liu Long was beheaded. On July 23, Liu Cong counterattacked and entered Ximing Gate (the gate of Pingyang, the capital, is named after the gate of Luoyang).Liu Rui and others fled to Nangong, and the vanguard of Liu Cong's army followed. On July 24, Liu He was beheaded in the west room of Guangji Hall in Nangong (age unknown. Liu He reigned for seven days).Arrest Liu Rui, Hu Yanyou, and Liu Cheng, tie them to the street, and cut off their heads. Civil and military officials asked Liu Cong to ascend the throne and proclaim himself emperor. Liu Cong believed that Liu Ai, the king of Beihai, was born to the Queen Mother Shan, so he gave up the throne to Liu Ai (Liu Ai was the first son, and Liu Cong was the bastard son).Liu Yi resolutely refused, even crying bitterly.Liu Cong thought for a long time before accepting it, saying: "Liu Yi and the leaders of the country, it's just that the disaster is still serious, and it's just because I'm older. State affairs are the most important thing, so I dare not take up this responsibility. Wait until After Liu Yi grows up, I will return the throne to him." So he ascended the throne (the third Emperor Zhaowu).Amnesty, changed the name to Guangxing (before it was the second year of Herui, and then the first year of Guangxing).Ms. Shan, the aunt's mother, was the empress dowager, her mother, Ms. Zhang, was the empress dowager, and Liu Yi was granted the title of emperor's younger brother, great chanyu, and prime minister (big Situ).Feng Zheng's wife, Ms. Huyan, became the queen.Empress Huyan is the cousin of Liu Yuan's ex-wife, Empress Huyan.The prince Liu Can was named the king of Hanoi, Liu Yi was the king of Hejian, Liu Yi was the king of Pengcheng, and Liu Kui was the king of Gaoping.Liu Can was appointed as the general of the Fujun Army and the commander-in-chief of all military regions across the country (supervising Chinese and foreign military forces).Appoint Shile as governor of Bingzhou, and seal Jijun Duke. 13. In Lueyang County (east of Tianshui County, Gansu Province) and Linwei County (the county where Lueyang County Government is located) of the Jin Empire, Pu Hong, the chief of the Di ethnic tribe, was brave and good at fighting, and had a strategy. All the Di people obeyed and respected him.Emperor Liu Cong of the Han and Zhao Empires sent envoys to appoint Pu Hong as General Pingyuan, but Pu Hong refused to accept it. Instead, he called himself the Security Commander of the Di Nationality (Lieutenant Hudi), Governor of Qinzhou (Southern Gansu Province), and Duke of Lueyang. 14. On September 11th, the Han Zhao Empire buried the first emperor Liu Yuan in Yongguang Mausoleum (southeast of Hongdong County, Shanxi Province), posthumously named Emperor Guangwen, and temple named Gaozu. 15. Most of the refugees fleeing famine in Yongzhou of the Jin Empire lived in Nanyang County (Nanyang City, Henan Province), and the central government ordered them to return to their hometowns.The refugees were unwilling to go back because the Guanzhong was broken and they had no way of making a living.Shan Jian, the general of Zhengnan, and Du Rui (sound rui), the commander of the southern wing guard (Nan Zhonglang general), respectively sent troops to escort them by force and set off within a time limit.Wang Ru from Jingzhao County (Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province) secretly befriended strong men and attacked at night, breaking the mountain slips and Du Rui, so the refugees rose up one after another. Yan Yi from Fengyi County (Dali County, Shaanxi Province) and Jingzhao County (Shaanxi Province Xi'an City) Renhou Tuo led his troops to attack the city, killed the county magistrate, and responded to Wang Ru.Before long, the tribe gathered forty to fifty thousand people.Wang Rusui claimed to be the supreme commander (general) and the governor (shepherd) of Sizhou and Yongzhou with full authority, and surrendered to the Han and Zhao Empire as a vassal. 16. In winter, in October, Liu Can, King of Hanoi, King Liu Yao of Shi'an, and General Wang Mi, the Great General of Zhengdong, led an army of 40,000 to attack Luoyang, the capital of the Jin Empire; Join forces in Dayang (Pinglu County, Shanxi Province); attack Mianchi (northwest of Luoning County, Henan Province) first, and defeat Pei Miao, the supervisor officer (supervisor) of the Jin Empire.The army then drove straight into Luochuan (the Luoshui River basin, the heartland south of the Yellow River in Henan Province).Liu Can crossed Yuan (southeast of Yanshi County, Henan Province) and plundered Liang State (Shangqiu County, Henan Province), Chenliu County (east of Kaifeng City, Henan Province), Runan County (Xi County, Henan Province), and Yingchuan County (Xuchang County, Henan Province). East of the city) all over the place.Shile passed through Chenggao Pass (Sishui Town, northwest of Xingyang County, Henan Province). On October 13th, Shi Le besieged Cangyuan (northeast of Kaifeng City, Henan Province) where Wang Zan, the prefect of Chenliu County, was stationed. 17. Liu Kun, governor of Bingzhou in the Jin Empire, personally led an army to attack Liu Hu, the chief of the Xiongnu Tiefu tribe and the Bai tribe (refer to last April), and sent envoys to the Xianbei Suotou tribe (Wang Ting set Shengle ), with humble words and generous gifts, asked the chief Tuoba Yilu for reinforcements (Tuoba Yilu incident, refer to December 307), Tuoba Yilu ordered Tuobayu, the son of his younger brother Tuobafu Lu led 20,000 cavalry to assist, then defeated the Tiefu tribe and the Bai tribe, and slaughtered the camps of the two tribes.Liu Kun and Tuoba Yilu became sworn brothers with different surnames. Liu Kun went to the central committee and recommended Tuoba Yilu as the great Chanyu;At that time, Dai County belonged to Youzhou, and Wang Jun, the governor of Youzhou (the state government was located in Jixian County), did not allow Tuoba Yilu to enter and sent troops to intercept him. Tuoba Yilu defeated Wang Jun's army, and Wang Jun hated Liu Kun from then on. Tuobayi Luyindai County is too far away from his royal court (Shengle, Inner Mongolia and Linger County) (the air distance between the two places is 270 kilometers), and he will lose touch with the people, so he gave up Dai County. He led a group of more than 10,000 families, and went south from Yunzhong (Toketuo County, Inner Mongolia) to Yanmen County (Dai County, Shanxi Province), and demanded that the Xingbei (north of Juzhu Mountain) area be changed.Liu Kun was powerless to stop him, and had to rely on him as foreign aid; so he sent Loufan (Ningwu County, Shanxi Province), Mayi (Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province), Yinguan (southeast of Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province), and Fanyi (Shanxi Province) The people of the five counties in the southwest of Hunyuan County and Nao County (Hunyuan County, Shanxi Province) were all evacuated to Xingnan (south of Juzhu Mountain), and the land in the five counties was allocated to Tuoba Yilu.Since then, the power of the Suotou tribe has become stronger. Liu Kun sent envoys to the capital (the capital Luoyang) to make a suggestion to the Taifu (the second of the Shang Sangong) Sima Yue, please send troops to attack the Emperor Liu Cong of the Han Zhao Empire (the capital Pingyang) and the general Shi Le of Zhendong.However, Sima Yue was deeply wary of Gou Xi, governor of Qingzhou, and Feng Song, governor of Yuzhou (Sima Yue used small tricks to make Gou Xi resentful, refer to December 307. The reason why Feng Song was also at odds with Sima Yue is unknown), and he was afraid to attack behind the scenes , so reject Liu Kun's plan.Liu Kun had no choice but to thank Tuoba Yilu for his help and send him back to Fengguo. Liu Hu picked up the remnants of the defeated generals, crossed the river to the west (I don't know what river), and stationed in Shuofang (referring to the northern part of Shanxi Province) and Siluchuan (in Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province).Liu Cong, Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty, granted him Lou Fangong because Liu Hu belonged to the royal family (refer to the summer of 304). 18. On October 23, the Jin imperial government promoted Liu Kun as the General of the North, Wang Jun as the Supreme Inspector (Sikong), and Duan Wuwuchen, the chief of the Xianbei Duanjia tribe (capital order branch), as the Grand Chancellor. . 19. The famine in the capital of the Jin Empire became more and more serious day by day. Taifu Sima Yue sent envoys to call the armed forces of the whole country to aid the central government with emergency military orders.Jin Emperor Sima Chi said to the envoy: "Tell the independent officials (Zheng, Zhen) from all over the place for me that it is still too late to rescue them today, and it will be too late!" However, no one paid attention.Shanjian, the general who conquered the south, sent the battalion commander (supervisor) Wang Wan to lead his army to aid and marched to Nieyang (south of Zhenping County, Henan Province), where he was defeated by Wang Ru, the refugee leader of Yongzhou.Wang Ru took the opportunity to plunder the Mianshui River (the upper reaches of the Han River) and the Han River area, and pushed into Xiangyang (where the General's Mansion is located, Xiangfan City, Hubei Province);Wang Cheng, the governor of Jingzhou (the state government is located in Jiangling), personally led the army to the north, intending to rescue the capital, and arrived at Weikou (southeast of Nanzhang County, Hubei Province, where the water flows into Yishui. Wei, sound yi). If the news was defeated, the morale of the army would be shaken, and they would flee for their lives in all directions. Wang Cheng had no choice but to run back to Jiangling. Most of the central government officials advocated abandoning Luoyang and moving the capital to escape the disaster. Wang Yan, the commander-in-chief of the national armed forces (Taiwei), firmly opposed it, and sold his car and cattle to appease the turbulent hearts. Shanjian was forced by Yan Yi, another leader of the refugees from Yongzhou, to abandon Xiangyang and move to Xiakou (Wuhan City, Hubei Province). 20. Shi Le, the Great General of Zhendong in the Han and Zhao Empires, led his army across the river (I don't know what kind of river this river is), and the soldiers headed straight to Guiyang County (Nanyang City, Henan Province).The leaders of the Yongzhou Refugee Group Wang Ru, Hou Tuo, and Yan Yi received the news that they did not want Shi Le to invade their territory, so they sent 10,000 people to Xiangcheng County (Xiangcheng County, Henan Province) to stop them.Shi Le launched an attack, captured all 10,000 people, and then arrived in the north of Wan County (the county where the county government of Nanyang County is located).At that time, Hou Tuo was guarding Wan County, and Wang Ru was guarding Rang County (Dengzhou City, Henan Province).Wang Ru and Hou Tuo had never been on good terms, so he sent people to send rich gifts to Shi Le, made brothers with Shi Le with different surnames, and persuaded Shi Le to attack Hou Tuo.Shi Le then attacked Wan County and captured the city.Yan Yi led an army to rescue him, but it was too late, so he surrendered to Shi Le.Shi Le beheaded Hou Tuo, loaded Yan Yi into a prison cart, escorted him to the capital, and annexed all the refugees from Yongzhou.Then he went south to attack Xiangyang (Xiangfan City, Hubei Province), and captured more than 30 military bases in Jiangxi (west of Wuhan City, Hubei Province) in a row, and then planned to return north to Xiangcheng.Wang Ru, the leader of the refugees in Yongzhou and Shi Le's new ally with a different surname, sent his younger brother Wang Li to attack Shi Le. Shi Le hit him head-on, beheaded Wang Li, and returned to Jiangxi. 21. Sima Yue, the Taifu of the Jin Empire, killed the uncle Wang Yan and others (refer to last March) of the Jin Emperor Sima Chi, which disappointed the public and the hearts of the people have gone.Because the Han and Zhao empires were under more pressure, Sima Yue felt uneasy, so he changed into military uniforms, went to the palace to meet Sima Chi, and asked to send troops to crusade against Shile and gather troops from Yanzhou and Yuzhou.Sima Chi said: "Now the barbarians are gradually approaching the capital. No one is sure that they can survive. The government and the country are completely dependent on your leadership. How can they stay away from the capital and isolate the foundation?" If you can wipe out bandits (referring to Shi Le), then the prestige of the central government can be restored, which is better than sitting here and waiting for poverty.” On November 15th, Sima Yue led a combat force of 40,000 people and set off for Xuchang (east of Xuchang City, Henan Province).He left his wife Pei Fei, his eldest son Sima Pi (sound pi), General Longxiang Li Yun, and He Lun, Commander of the Western District of the Capital Garrison (General Right Guard) He Lun, to defend the capital and monitor the court.Appoint Pan Tao as the mayor of the capital Luoyang (Henan Yin), responsible for presiding over the left-behind government (stay in Taiwan).Sima Yue wrote a letter requesting another mobile government to act with the army (Xingtai).Appoint the commander-in-chief of the national armed forces (Taiwei) Wang Yan as the chief of staff of the battalion (military division); take in all the prestigious people from the government and the people as assistants to the battalion; order of battle.As a result, Luoyang's defense capabilities were all deprived.The court and government agencies had no soldiers to guard them, and the famine and famine became more and more serious. People fell to their deaths in the Jinluan Palace, and the corpses were everywhere. Thieves and robbers openly murdered and robbed. , against the attack. Sima Yue entered Xiang County (Shenqiu County, Henan Province) and appointed Feng Song, governor of Yuzhou, as the political officer of the left army of Daying (Zuo Sima), and he concurrently served as the full-fledged governor of Yuzhou. Jingling King Sima Mao, who stayed in the capital, was approved by Jin Emperor Sima Chi to send troops to attack He Lun, Sima Yue's left-behind army, but he could not win.Sima Chi denied prior knowledge and put all the responsibility on Sima Mao. Sima Mao escaped and escaped death. 22. Zhou Fu, Commander-in-Chief (Yangzhou Governor) of the Yangzhou (South-Central Anhui Province and Zhejiang Province) Military Region of the Jin Empire, believed that the capital Luoyang was isolated and in a critical situation. He wrote to move the capital to Shouchun (the county where the headquarters of the Yangzhou Military Region is located, Shouchun, Anhui Province) county).Grand Tutor Sima Yue was furious that Zhou Fu had dared to report to the emperor without first reporting to himself, and ordered Zhou Fu and Pei Shuo, the governor of Huainan County (the county government is also located in Shouchun), to be recruited.Zhou Fu refused to accept the call, but ordered Pei Shuo to lead the army to set off first.Pei Shuo falsely claimed that he had received a secret order from Sima Yue to arrest Zhou Fu, and launched a surprise attack on Zhou Fu. He was defeated by Zhou Fu and surrendered to Dongcheng (southeast of Dingyuan County, Anhui Province). 23. The government of the Jin Empire granted Liangzhou Governor Zhang Gui additional official positions: General Zhenxi, Commander-in-Chief of the Longyou (west of Longshan) Military Region (supervisor of all military forces in Longyou).Fu Zhi, a special state official (Doctor Guanglu), and Zhi Yu, the Minister of Sacrifice (Taichang), wrote to Zhang Gui, telling him about the famine and deprivation in the capital.Zhang Gui sent Du Xun, a military counselor (joining the army), to pay tribute of 500 war horses and 30,000 flannelettes. 24. Li Xiang, the Taifu of the Chenghan Empire, attacked Fucheng (Mianyang City, Sichuan Province) defended by Qiao Deng (refer to November last year).Luo Yu, the son of Luo Shang, the former governor of Yizhou in the Jin Empire, and the officers of the left and right hated Qiao Deng, so they did not provide him with food and fodder.Pisu, the new governor of Yizhou, reprimanded Luo Yu and planned to punish him. In December, Pisu arrived in Bajun (the county where the government of Yizhou is located, Chongqing City), and Luo Yu sent people to assassinate Pisu at night; surname) and killed Luo Yu, Berkshire fell into chaos. Li Xiang knew that Qiaodeng's food was exhausted and reinforcements were running out, so he attacked Fucheng more violently.The city guards used fireworks to smoke out the rats in the caves, roasted them and devoured them. Many people died of starvation, but no one rebelled.Li Xiang's son, Li Shou, had long been in Fucheng (the capture of Li Shou's mother and son, refer to November 304), and Qiao Deng sent Li Shou back to Li Xiang. Officials of the "Three Mansions" (Three Mansions: General Pingxi Mansion, Yizhou Governor Mansion, Xirong Xiaowei Mansion, and Luo Shang holds three positions) jointly wrote to the central government of the Jin Empire, recommending Badong County (east of Fengjie County, Chongqing City) to supervise the military officer ( Supervisor of the Army), Han Song from Nanyang County (Nanyang City, Henan Province) took over as governor of Yizhou; the state government set up Badong County. 25. At first, Sima Chi, the emperor of the Jin Empire, approached the capital because of the army of Wang Mi and Shi Le of the Han and Zhao Empires, and ordered Gou Xi, the governor of Qingzhou, to lead the prefectural and county troops to crusade.Coincidentally, Cao Yi, General Anton of the Han and Zhao Empires, defeated Langye County (Linyi City, Shandong Province. Refer to February of this year), and went northward to seize the old place (including the Shandong Peninsula) of the Kingdom of Qi (Shandong Province) during the Warring States Period. With a strong force, he represented Qingzhou Governor Gou Chun (refer to December 307) closed the city gates (Qingzhou Prefecture Government set up Linzi).Gou Xi returned to the army to rescue Qingzhou, fought a series of battles with Cao Ni, and defeated Cao Ni's offensive. 26. This year, Wang Xun, the governor of Ningzhou (the state government is located in Dianchi Lake) under the Jin Empire, took office and recommended Li Zhao (the son of the former governor Li Yi) as the governor of Zhuti County (Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province).At this time, Ningzhou (Yunnan Province) was oppressed by the Chenghan Empire outside and barbarian riots inside, and the cities and villages were all in ruins.Wang Xun was industrious and frugal, wore rough clothes, ate vegetables, recruited fugitives, and appeased returnees. In a few years, the state was a little stable.He also killed more than a dozen local tyrants and evil gentry who violated the law and discipline. Because the Wuling tribe once led a rebellion (refer to December 303), the army was sent to wipe them out; 27. Emperor Liu Cong of the Han Zhao Empire knew that according to the patriarchal order, he should not inherit the throne, and he was deeply suspicious of his brother Liu Gong.So, when Liu Gong was sleeping, he sent someone to cut open the wall and stab Liu Gong to death. 28. The single queen mother of the Han Zhao Empire (the first emperor Liu Yuan's step-wife) passed away, and the Han Zhao Emperor Liu Congzun's mother-in-law Ms. Zhang became the empress dowager. Empress Dowager Shan was young and beautiful, so Liu Cong committed adultery with this aunt.Empress Dowager Shan's son, Liu Yi, who was the younger brother of the emperor, repeatedly dissuaded his mother, and Empress Dowager Shan died of shame.Liu Cong's favor for Liu Ai quickly diminished, but Liu Ai was not deposed because of the Empress Dowager Shan.Liu Cong's regular wife, Empress Huyan, began to claim the heir status for her son Liu Can, and said to Liu Cong: "It is normal since ancient times that the father dies and the son inherits the business. Your Majesty's throne is inherited from the great ancestor (the first emperor Liu Yuan) ), what does it have to do with the emperor's younger brother (Liu Yi)? After a hundred years from His Majesty, Brother Liu Can may not even keep the seed." Liu Cong said: "I know, I will slowly think of a way." Queen Huyan said "As long as things are delayed, things may change. Seeing Liu Can's brothers grow up, Taidi must feel uneasy. If there is a small person in the middle to provoke, and a disaster happens, it may not be because you can't make a decision today." Liu Cong was tempted. . Shan Chong, Liu Yi's uncle and a special state official, advised Liu Yi with tears, saying: "The alienated people can never separate the close ones. The Lord (Liu Cong) intends to pass the throne to his own son Liu Can. Why do you Don't let it go?" Liu Yi said: "The coup in July, the Lord himself considered the difference between the son and the concubine, and wanted to give up the throne to me. Because the Lord is old, I recommended him to take the throne. The world is Gaozu (one emperor) In the world of Liu Yuan), what’s wrong with the older brother passing the throne to the younger brother? Brother Liu Can will be exactly the same as today when he grows up. Moreover, how far is the relationship between the younger brother and the son? How could the master? Do you have such an idea?" 1. In spring, on the 14th day of the first lunar month, Gou Xi, governor (prefect) of Qingzhou (northern Shandong Province) of the Jin Empire (capital Luoyang), was defeated by General Cao Yi of Anton of the Han Zhao Empire (capital Pingyang), and abandoned the city (the state city of Linzi), Go to Gaoping County (Changyi Town, Northwest Jinxiang County, Shandong Province). 2. Shi Le, the general of Zhendong in the Han and Zhao Empires, planned to establish bases in the Yangtze River and Hanshui areas (central part of Hubei Province), but Zhang Bin, the commander of the military council (joint army captain) opposed it.Coincidentally, the army was short of food and the plague was prevalent, killing more than half of them.Shi Le then crossed the Mian River (Han River) and attacked Jiangxia County (Yunmeng County, Hubei Province) of the Jin Empire. On the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, Shi Le captured Jiangxia County. 3. On the 17th day of the first lunar month, Li Xiang, the Taifu (the second of the Shang Sangong) of the Chenghan Empire (the capital of Chengdu), captured Fucheng (Mianyang City, Sichuan Province) and captured Qiao Deng, the defender of the Jin Empire alive.Taibao (the third of the Shangsangong) Li Shi captured Brazil County (Langzhong City, Sichuan Province) and beheaded the guard of the Jin Empire, Wenshi.Emperor Cheng Han (the first Emperor Wu) Li Xiong (38 years old this year) issued an edict of amnesty and changed his reign name to Yuheng (the sixth year of Yanping before, and the first year of Yuheng after that). Qiao Deng was escorted to the capital Chengdu, Li Xiong planned to forgive him, but Qiao Deng refused to give in, so Li Xiong beheaded Qiao Deng. 4. Refugees from Bashu (Chongqing City, Sichuan Province) who fled to Jingzhou (Hubei Province) and Xiangzhou (Hunan Province) were constantly persecuted by the original residents.Li Xiang (not the Taifu of the Chenghan Empire) from Shu County (Chengdu City, Sichuan Province) gathered a crowd in Le Township (northeast of Songzi County, Hubei Province) to raise troops.Ying Zhan, Magistrate of Nanping County (Gan'an County, Hubei Province) of the Jin Empire, and Du Tao, Magistrate of Liling (Liling City, Hunan Province) jointly defeated Li Xiang.Wang Cheng, the governor of Jingzhou (the state government is located in Jiangling) of the Jin Empire, ordered Wang Ji, the governor (internal history) of the Chengdu Kingdom (southwest of Qianjiang City, Hubei Province) (after the chaos in Yizhou, the Jin government cut off Huarong, Zhouling, and Jianli in the southern county of Jingzhou The three counties, as the fief of Sima Ying, the king of Chengdu, are called the Kingdom of Chengdu) to crusade against Li Xiang.Li Xiang asked to surrender, and Wang Cheng promised to pardon his death, but after Li Xiang surrendered, he executed Li Xiang, treated Li Xiang's wife and children as slaves and handmaidens, and rewarded others. More than 8,000 refugees who surrendered were all deported to the Yangtze River Drowning in the middle of the river (a tragic event in the world), Bashu refugees became more resentful and angry. Therefore, Du Chou, a native of Shu County, and others gathered together to raise troops again.Feng Su, a military councilor (joining the army) of Xiangzhou (the state government is located in Linxiang), had long been at odds with Ruban (Ru, surname), a Bashu native. Feng Su warned Xun Tiao, the prefect, saying: "The Bashu refugees will all rebel!" Xun Tiao Believe it, intend to kill all the refugees.The refugees were terrified, and forty to fifty thousand families were armed together in an instant.The refugees opposed the forcible repatriation of refugees from Qinzhou because Du Tao, the magistrate of Liling County, was a person of great hope in the village of Yizhou (central Sichuan Province) (Du Tao, a native of Shu County, served as the general affairs officer of Luoshang). Refer to September 301 month), they jointly elected Du Tao as the leader.Du Tao then claimed to be the governor (shepherd) of Liangzhou (northeast of Sichuan Province and southern Shaanxi Province), the governor of Yizhou and the governor of Xiangzhou. 5. Pei Shuo, the governor of Huainan County (Shouxian County, Anhui Province) of the Jin Empire, was defeated by Zhou Fu, the commander-in-chief of the Yangzhou (central-southern Anhui Province and Zhejiang Province) military region (Yangzhou Governor) Zhou Fu (refer to November last year), and sent to the garrison building Sima Rui, King of Langye (Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province), asked for help; Sima Rui sent Yangwei General Gan Zhuo and others to attack Shouchun (Shouxian County, Anhui Province), where Zhou Fu was located.Zhou Fu's troops broke up and fled to Xiang County (Shenqiu County, Henan Province).The commander-in-chief of the Yuzhou (eastern Henan Province) military region (the governor of Yuzhou) the new Cai Wang Sima Que (who was stationed in Xuchang at the time) arrested Zhou Fu, and Zhou Fu died of sorrow and anger.Sima is indeed the son of Sima Teng (Sima Teng was killed, refer to May 307). 6. Liu Tao, the governor of Yangzhou (the state government established Jianye) in the Jin Empire, passed away.Sima Rui, the king of Langya, ordered Wang Dun, the chief of staff of General Anton's Mansion (Anton's military counselor and sacrificial wine), to be the governor of Yangzhou again; soon, he was appointed the commander-in-chief of Yangzhou's conquest and suppression (the governor of all military conquests). 7. On the twenty-second day of the first lunar month, Sima Gan (son of Sima Yi), King of the Plains of the Jin Empire, passed away (at the age of eighty). 8. In February, Shi Le, the Great General of Zhendong of the Han and Zhao Empires, attacked Xincai County (Xincai County, Henan Province), captured Nandun (Xiangcheng County, Henan Province), and beheaded Sima Que, the King of Xincai (King Zhuang) of the Jin Empire. Trapped in Xuchang, beheaded Wang Kang, General Pingdong of the Jin Empire. 9. Fu Cheng, the chief of the Di tribe (Fu Cheng rebelled against Li Liu and surrendered to Luo Shangshi, refer to March 303), and Kui Wen rebelled against the Jin Empire again, and attacked Badong County (Chongqing City) from Yidu (Zhicheng City, Hubei Province) In the east of Fengjie County), the commander of the militia in Jianping County (Wushan County, Chongqing City) of the Jin Empire fought violently; taking advantage of the opportunity to dispatch troops, he violently killed Han Song, the governor of Yizhou (the state government is located in Badong County), and served as the "three government" The executive officer of the headquarters (in charge of the "three mansions". The three mansions: Pingxi General's Mansion, Yizhou Governor's Mansion, and Xirong Xiaowei's Mansion, refer to November last year). 10. Sima Yue, King of the East China Sea (King Xiaoxian) of the Jin Empire had feud with Gou Xi, governor of Qingzhou (northern Shandong Province) (refer to December 307), Pan Tao, mayor of the capital Luoyang (Henan Yin), and executive officer of the State Council (Shangshu) Liu Wang and others even slandered and framed them. Gou Xi became angry and angry, and broke out for a while. He wrote to Emperor Jin (the fifth Huai Emperor) Sima Chi (38 years old this year), demanding that Pan Tao's head be handed over.The public statement said: "Sima Yue was the prime minister, partial to selfishness and injustice, and caused chaos in the world. How could I, Gouxi, be driven by such an unjust person!" Sima Chi, the emperor of Jin, also hated Sima Yue's arbitrariness and dictatorship, and violated his will everywhere.However, He Lun, the general who stayed behind in the capital (Luoyang), was even more violent, robbing the family property of the ministers of the three princes, and raping and insulting the emperor's sister and daughter (princess).Sima Chi issued a secret edict to Gou Xi, ordering Gou Xi to attack Sima Yue.Between Gou Xi and the emperor, the envoys kept coming and going, which aroused Sima Yue's suspicion. He sent a patrol team between Luoyang and Chenggao (Shuishui Town, northwest of Xingyang County, Henan Province) to check the travellers. The emperor's secret edict.Sima Yue was furious, and ordered to declare Gou Xi's guilt, and appointed staff commander Yang Mao as the governor of Yanzhou, and cooperated with Xuzhou (northern Jiangsu Province) governor Pei Dun to jointly attack Gou Xi.Gou Xi sent cavalry troops into the capital to search for Pan Tao. Pan Tao escaped by night and escaped from death.The cavalry troops then captured Liu Zeng, the executive officer of the State Council, and Cheng Yan, a senior consultant (servant), and beheaded them.When Sima Yue got the report, he was anxious and angry, and was bedridden with illness. He handed over the funeral to Wang Yan, the commander-in-chief of the national armed forces (Taiwei). On March 19th, Sima Yue died in Xiang County (Shenqiu County, Henan Province) (Sima Yue was the eighth king of the "Eight Kings Rebellion", reigning for four year and eight months).The base camp blocked the news of the death and did not release it to the public. Bo Yang said: The Jin Dynasty is a historical repository full of mysterious treasures, left for historians to unearth.One of the most interesting things is that most of the emperors and princes of the Jin Dynasty lacked IQ. The second emperor, Sima Zhong, was just a walking potato. In the era of absolute monarchy, everything must be decided by oneself.The third emperor, Sima Lun, and the king of Chengdu, Sima Ying, have been pointed out in the history books as "unwisdom".Hejian King Sima Yong, known as a hero of the generation, killed Zhang Fang to prove his stupidity, but he can be classified as the East Sea King Sima Yue.As for the sixteenth Emperor Sima Dezong, he was worse than Sima Zhong. He couldn't even wear clothes, and he didn't even know how hungry he was when he ate. We suspect that there may be a dementia gene in the blood of the Sima family. If the country falls into the hands of idiots, the people will pay the price.By the same token, if the country falls into the hands of lunatics, the people will also have to pay the price.As a modern Chinese, we have the right to choose the leaders of the country and region; the idiots and lunatics that have appeared endlessly in history should no longer appear on the political stage. The officials of the base camp jointly elected Wang Yan as the supreme commander (marshal), but Wang Yan refused to take on this important task, and was willing to give it to Sima Fan, King of Xiangyang; Sima Fan also refused.Sima Fan is the son of Sima Wei (the second king of Chu in the "Eight Kings Rebellion").于是大军在没有统帅下，由王衍等一群高级官员集体领导，护送司马越的棺木，前往他的封国（东海国·山东省郯城县）安葬。留守首都洛阳的何伦、李恽得到司马越的死讯，立刻带着司马越的妻子裴妃跟世子司马毗，撤出洛阳，向东逃走。京师里的官民大起恐慌，争相跟随。 晋帝司马炽追贬司马越为县王，任命苟晞（时驻仓垣）当最高统帅（大将军）、总司令官（大都督）、青徐兖豫荆扬军区司令长官（都督青徐兖豫荆扬六州诸军事）。 11、晋帝国所属益州（州政府设巴东郡）各将领合力诛杀暴重。上书中央政府，推荐巴郡（重庆市）郡长张罗，当“三府”（平西将军、益州刺史、西戎校尉）总部执行官（行“三府”事），张罗迎击氐部落酋长隗文等，战死。隗文等裹胁官吏人民，向西进发，投降成汉帝国（首都成都）。“三府”文武官员再上书中央政府，推荐平西将军府军政官（平西司马）蜀郡（四川省成都市）人王异为“三府”总部执行官（行“三府”事）兼巴郡郡长（空头官衔）。 12、最初，晋帝国梁州（陕西省南部及四川省东北部）州长张光（三〇八年接任，参考该年十二月），在魏兴郡（陕西省安康市）召集所属各郡郡长，举行军事会议，商讨州政开展事宜。巴西郡郡长张燕公开宣称：“汉中郡（陕西省汉中市）已一片荒凉，残破不堪，而且受到强大盗贼（指成汉帝国）逼迫，要想收回它，我认为我们办不到，应该等待真正的英雄出现。”张光认为：正是张燕接受难民首领邓定的贿赂，才使汉中郡陷落（参考三〇七年三月），而今又故意散布失败论调，打击士气。于是，喝令把张燕推出辕门，斩首。率军西进，苦战好几年，才算抵达汉中郡，救助饥民，安抚创伤，人民心悦诚服。 13、夏季，四月，汉赵帝国（首都平阳）镇东大将军石勒，亲自率领轻装备骑兵，追击晋帝国护送司马越灵柩的庞大兵团，追到苦县（河南省鹿邑县）宁平城（河南省郸城县东宁平乡），终于追到。石勒发动攻击，晋军大败，在石勒指挥下，骑兵把晋军团团围住，箭下如雨，晋军十余万人号叫奔跑，冲不出重围，只好互相践踏，尸首堆积如山，晋帝国最后一支最强大的主力部队霎时瓦解，不是被杀，就是被俘，没有一人逃脱。 石勒生擒晋帝国全国武装部队总司令王衍、襄阳王司马范、任城王司马济、武陵王（庄王）司马澹、西河王司马喜、梁王（怀王）司马禧、齐王司马超（司马冏的儿子），以及国务院文官部长（吏部尚书）刘望、司法部长（廷尉）诸葛铨、豫州州长刘乔、太傅府秘书长（太傅长史）庾敳等。石勒命他们坐在大营的帐幕之下，询问晋帝国所以弄到这种地步的缘故和往事。王衍详尽的报告灾难的来龙去脉，分析其中原因，强调身不由己；并且声称，他自幼就无心做官，从不过问国家大事。乘机建议石勒早日顺应天命，登上皇帝宝座。希望借着这项谄媚，使自己能逃一死。石勒说：“阁下年轻时，就进入政府（参考二七二年十二月），盛名传播四海，身居国家高官，担负重大责任，怎能说你从小就没有做官的心意？摧毁帝国政府，使天下残破，不是你是谁？”命左右侍卫，押解他们出去。大家恐惧死亡，纷纷陈述自己清白，跟当权派无关。只有襄阳王司马范仍保持冷静，回头喝阻说：“事情到了今天，说有什么用？”石勒问他的大将孔苌说：“我走遍天下，到过很多地方，还没有看见过像他们这样的一表人才，是不是可以留下来。”孔苌说：“他们都是晋国（晋帝国）的亲王、公爵，永不可能对我们效忠。”石勒说：“也罢，但不必动刀。”深夜，命人推倒屋墙，全部压死（王衍年五十六岁，刘乔年六十九岁，庾敳年五十岁）。司马济是司马懿老弟司马通子任城王（景王）司马陵的儿子；司马禧是司马澹的儿子。石勒命劈开司马越的棺材，拖出尸首，纵火焚化，说：“扰乱天下的，就是这个家伙。我代替天下人报仇，烧毁他的骨骸，昭告天地！” Bo Yang said: 王衍将死之前，在囚室之中，曾向那些身价高贵的难友叹息，说：“我们虽然不如古人，可是，如果过去不崇尚浮华虚无，而尽心尽力辅佐皇家，治理天下，至少不会落到今天下场。”人之将死，其言也哀，为什么哀？因为人之将死，已没有必要躲闪逼面而来的残酷事实，所以说的往往都是真实话，世界上只有真实话才感人至深。然而，人总是到了后悔已来不及的时候，才会后悔，又岂止王衍一人而已。 何伦等逃到洧仓（洧，音wei。河南省鄢陵县），跟石勒的大军遭遇，自不堪石勒一击；战败之后，军队四散。司马越的世子司马毗以及司马皇族四十八个亲王，全被石勒俘虏。何伦逃往下邳郡（江苏省睢宁县北古邳镇），李恽逃往广宗（河北省威县东）。裴妃流落民间，被人掳掠贩卖。很久之后，才辗转逃到江南。最初，琅邪王司马睿之能够镇守建业，是裴妃的主意（参考三〇七年七月），因此司马睿对她心怀感激。裴妃逃到江南后，司马睿特别厚待，并把自己的儿子司马冲过继到她膝下，作为司马越的后裔，继承东海王的爵位。 Bo Yang said: 当一个中国人，无论被侮辱、被拷打，甚至被诛杀，都没有什么稀奇；不但大分裂时代没有什么稀奇，纵是到了二十世纪，又有什么稀奇？然而，一个王妃有裴妃这种遭遇时，即令是在大分裂时代，也不平凡。裴妃，这位高高居于上位的贵妇，突然间沦落成一个女奴，除了被人娱乐蹂躏外，还要被人当做商品卖来卖去，当中曲折，如果有人记载，当字字悲恸。而跟裴妃同一命运的，还有贾南风的女儿临海公主，她在首都洛阳陷落后，也流落民间，被辗转卖到吴兴郡（浙江省湖州市）钱温家，钱温把她送给他的女儿，而这位钱小姐认为：这位一口北方口音、无依无靠的弱女，是一株无根的草，打死都没有关系，因而对她百般虐待。我们不知道虐待的细节，只知道史书上记载：“甚酷！”这已经够了。临海公主终于逃出魔掌，投奔吴兴郡郡政府。结果是传奇的，琅邪王司马睿下令，钱温和他的女儿，同时绑赴街市，砍下人头。 裴妃和临海公主两位金枝玉叶，总算以喜剧收场，但还有多少金枝玉叶，委顿尘土。野心家挑起大乱时，对别人的痛苦漠不关心。再没有想到这痛苦会反弹到自己和自己亲人头上。司马越如果预见他的妻子被人掠卖，贾南风如果预见女儿被人拷打，可能会减低不少凶性。问题就在于，上帝不允许暴君暴官有这项智慧。否则，天下就再没有暴君暴官。 14、汉赵帝国安北大将军赵固、平北大将军王桑攻击晋帝国徐州州长裴盾据守的彭城（江苏省徐州市），斩裴盾。 15、晋帝国巴蜀逃亡难民首领杜弢进攻长沙郡（湖南省长沙市）。 五月，湘州（州政府与长沙郡郡政府同设临湘）州长荀眺放弃城池逃走，打算投奔广州（州政府设番禺），杜弢尾追，生擒荀眺，于是一连攻陷零陵郡（湖南省永州市）、桂阳郡（湖南省郴州市），再向东劫掠武昌郡（湖北省鄂州市），大批诛杀郡长、县长。 16、晋帝国皇帝司马炽任命太子太傅（太子三师之二）傅祗当宰相（司徒），国务院总理（尚书令）荀藩当最高监察长（司空）。加授幽州州长王浚当最高指挥官（大司马）、高级咨询官（侍中）、总司令官（大都督）、幽冀军区司令官（督幽冀诸军事）。命南阳王司马模当全国武装部队总司令（太尉）、总司令官（大都督）。加授凉州（甘肃省中部西部）州长张轨车骑大将军；琅邪王司马睿镇东大将军兼扬江湘交广军区司令官（督扬江湘交广五州诸军事）。 最初，太傅（上三公之二）司马越，因南阳王司马模（司马越的老弟）不能安定关中（当时关中饥荒、瘟疫、盗匪公行，司马模束手无策），征调司马模回京师担任最高监察长。司马模部将淳于定建议司马模拒绝，司马模同意，上书保荐他的世子司马保当平西警卫指挥官（平西中郎将），镇守上邽（甘肃省天水市）。秦州（州政府设上邽）州长裴苞，拒绝司马保到任，司马模派作战司令官（帐下都尉）陈安攻击裴苞，裴苞投奔安定郡（甘肃省镇原县东南曙光乡），安定郡郡长贾疋收容他。 17、晋帝国最高统帅（大将军）苟晞上书晋帝司马炽，请迁都仓垣（苟晞根据地·河南省开封市东北），派参谋指挥官（从事中郎）刘会率船舰数十艘、卫士五百人，食米数千斛，逆黄河西上，迎接司马炽。司马炽打算接受，可是三公、部长级高阶层官员，都犹豫不决，左右侍从官员贪恋已有的财产，不愿白白抛弃，遂打消原意。然而，不久，洛阳饥馑更重，人与人之间互相格杀，吞食对方尸体（人间惨事，竟发生在“首善之区”的京师），文武百官逃走的占全数十分之八九，残留下来的为数无几。司马炽召集御前会议，决定迁都仓垣，可是时机已经失去。司马炽在出发时，卫队星散，已经无法集合，司马炽搓着双手，叹息说：“怎么连车轿都没有？”一面派宰相傅祗前往河阴（河南省孟津县东北）准备船只，一面在官员数十人前导下，步行在后跟随，走出宫城西掖门，到铜驼街（从宫门直到洛阳宣阳门，是京师最广阔繁华的大街，犹如巴黎的香榭里大道），可是铜驼街已荒凉如同废墟，盗匪对这队衣服整洁的高等难民群，发动攻击，公开抢夺。司马炽等不能前进，只好狼狈退回皇宫。粮运指挥官（度支校尉）东郡（河南省濮阳市西南）人魏浚，率逃亡难民数百家，据守河阴的峡石（河南省新安县东），不断出动抢劫粮食，转献给皇帝。晋帝司马炽任命魏浚当扬威将军、平阳郡（山西省临汾市）郡长（空头官衔。此时平阳郡属汉赵），仍兼粮运指挥官。 18、汉赵帝国皇帝刘聪，向晋帝国首都洛阳发动总攻。命前军大将军呼延晏率军二万七千人先行进击，抵达黄河南岸时，晋帝国军队阻截，十二战而十二败，死三万余人（此事可疑，如果有如此众多的军队，司马炽逃不出铜驼街时，他们哪里去了）。始安王刘曜、征东大将军王弥（二人时在襄城）、镇东大将军石勒（时在宁平城），都率大军前来会师。刘曜等大军还没有抵达前，呼延晏已到洛阳，把辎重留在当年张方所建的营垒之中（即十三里桥，洛阳城西六千米。张方建营垒事，参考三〇三年十月）。 五月二十七日，呼延晏进逼洛阳城下。 五月二十八日，攻击平昌门（洛阳南城东头第二门）。 五月三十日，攻破，纵火焚烧东阳门（洛阳东城中门）以及政府机关房舍。 六月一日，呼延晏因会师各军延误未到，没有后继，不敢深入，在大肆抢掠后，带着俘虏，退出洛阳。司马炽在洛水（流经洛阳城南）早已准备船只，打算由洛水东入黄河，呼延晏把所有船只跟储备，全部焚毁。 六月四日，晋帝国最高监察长荀藩跟老弟特级国务官荀组，逃出洛阳，投奔辕（河南省偃师县东南）。 六月五日，汉赵帝国征东大将军王弥大军进抵宣阳门（洛阳南城西头第二门，直通铜驼街，即到宫门）。 六月六日，始安王刘曜大军进抵西明门（洛阳西城中门）。 六月十一日，王弥、呼延晏攻陷宣阳门，直入南宫，登上太极殿的前殿，下令抢劫，掠夺皇宫所有妇女及所有金银财宝。司马炽从华林园逃走，打算投奔长安（陕西省西安市），汉赵军队追赶，生擒司马炽，囚禁宫城端门。刘曜从西明门入城，驻屯皇家军械库（武库）。 六月十二日，刘曜诛杀晋帝国太子司马诠、吴王（孝王）司马晏、竟陵王司马楙、国务院右执行长（右仆射）曹馥、国务院执行官闾丘冲（闾丘，复姓）、首都洛阳市长（河南尹）刘默等，官民丧生的三万余人。又挖掘晋帝国历代皇帝坟墓，焚烧历代皇家祭庙、皇宫和政府官署，全都化成灰烬。 刘曜接收司马衷的妻子惠皇后羊献容（参考三〇六年十一月），把司马炽跟皇帝六颗印信（玺）送到汉赵帝国首都平阳（山西省临汾市）。石勒率军出洛阳，穿过辕，进驻许昌（河南省许昌市东）。晋帝国特级国务官刘蕃、国务院执行官卢志，投奔并州（州政府晋阳。刘蕃是并州州长刘琨的老爹）。 六月二十一日，汉赵帝国皇帝刘聪下诏大赦，改年号嘉平（之前是光兴二年，之后是嘉平元年）。命司马炽当“特进”（金銮宝殿朝见时位置仅次三公）、左特级国务官（左光禄大夫），封平阿公。命随同司马炽被俘的高级咨询官庾珉、王俊当特级国务官。庾珉是庾敳的老哥（庾敳，参考三〇六年八月）。 最初，始安王刘曜因征东大将军王弥不等他抵达，就攻入洛阳，不大高兴。王弥曾向刘曜建议：“洛阳位居天下中心，四方有山有河，作为自然屏障，有现成的城池宫殿，不必再去修建，最好是奏请主上（刘聪），把首都从平阳迁到洛阳。”刘曜认为全国还没有平定，洛阳四面全是敌人，不可能固守，拒绝王弥的主张，而放火焚烧。王弥诟骂说：“屠各崽（匈奴的贵族和单于，都出自屠各部落），怎么会有帝王的眼界！”遂跟刘曜结怨，率军向东，驻屯项关（河南省项城县西南顿镇）。曾任晋帝国京畿总卫戍司令（司隶校尉）的刘暾，劝王弥说：“而今，九州像一锅滚沸的稀粥，英雄纷纷起兵，互相角逐。将军不但替大汉（汉赵帝国）政府建立盖世奇功（专制封建社会，一个将领对国家建立的功劳太大时，一定会被“诬以谋反”），而且又跟始安王（刘曜）发生误会，将来哪里是你容身之地？不如回到你的故乡青州，静观天下大势；上可以统一全国，下可以跟其他英雄和平共存，这是最好的谋略。”王弥心里同意。 19、晋帝国（此时无首都）宰相傅祗，在河阴组建晋帝国临时政府（行台）。最高监察长荀藩驻屯阳城（河南省登封县）；首都洛阳市长华荟驻屯成皋（河南省荥阳县西北汜水镇）；汝阴郡（安徽省阜阳市）郡长、阳平郡（河北省大名县东北）人李矩；联合帮助傅祗，给他建立官舍，运送粮秣供应。华荟是华歆的曾孙（华歆，参考一八八年六月）。 荀藩跟老弟、特级国务官荀组，族侄中央军事总监（中护军）荀崧（二荀皆参考三〇〇年四月），华荟的老弟、中央禁军总监（中领军）华恒，在密县（河南省密县）也组建晋帝国临时政府（行台），发布文告，传递四方，推琅邪王司马睿当盟主。荀藩并行使皇帝职权（承制），任命荀崧当襄城郡（河南省襄城县）郡长，李矩当荥阳郡（河南省荥阳县）郡长，前冠军将军、河南郡人褚（音sha）当梁国（河南省商丘县）郡长。 扬威将军魏浚驻防石梁坞（洛阳城东）。并州州长刘琨，代表皇帝（承制）任命魏浚当首都洛阳市长。魏浚前往密县晋见荀藩，磋商军事；荀藩邀请李矩同行，李矩连夜赴约，李矩官属都劝阻说：“魏浚这个人，不可信赖，最好不要在夜间去。”李矩说：“忠臣同心报国，为什么猜疑？”遂到魏浚大营，相见欢欣，订交告辞；魏浚的堂侄魏该，聚集部众，据守一泉坞（河南省宜阳县西）；荀藩任命他当武威将军。 豫章王司马端，是皇太子司马诠的老弟，向东逃到仓垣，最高统帅（大将军）苟晞率领文武官员，尊奉司马端当皇太子，也组建晋帝国临时政府。司马端行使皇帝职权（承制），任命苟晞兼太子太傅（太子三师之二）、全国各军区总司令长官（都督中外诸军事）、主管政府机要（录尚书事）；从仓垣迁到蒙城（河南省商丘市）。 抚军将军、秦王司马邺，是吴王（孝王）司马晏的儿子、荀藩的外甥，本年十二岁，逃亡到密县，荀藩等奉他为盟主；南下前往许昌。前任豫州州长天水郡（甘肃省天水市）人阎鼎，聚集西州（甘肃省）逃亡难民数千人，驻屯密县，打算返回故乡。荀藩认为阎鼎有才干而又拥有部众，命阎鼎再任豫州州长；命最高立法长（中书令）李絙、宰相府左秘书长（司徒左长史）彭城郡（江苏省徐州市）人刘畴、镇军将军府秘书长（镇军