Chapter 21 Chapter Five Values

When we open the long scroll of history and unfold the demeanor of the Wei and Jin Dynasties in sequence, what appears before us is an incomprehensible picture.Because there are too many contradictions and incomprehensions in it, and it is likely to be concentrated in one person. Such as Wang Rong. Wang Rong is one of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove and a good friend of Ji Kang and Ruan Ji.He was the one who went with Ruan Ji to buy wine from the beautiful proprietress, even though he was twenty years younger than Ruan Ji.Once, Ji Kang, Ruan Ji, Shan Tao and Liu Ling were drinking together, and Wang Rong arrived later.Ruan Ji said: "You vulgar thing has come to ruin the interest again."Wang Rong smiled and said: How can the interest of you people be ruined!

So, Wang Rongsu? Unbearably vulgar.Although he ranks among the three princes from the official position to Situ, and his wealth is as rich as the enemy's country, he doesn't take away a cent.The nephew gave a plainclothes to get married, but asked for it back; when the daughter returned to her natal home, she also pulled down her face to imply that she would return the dowry.The plums at home were sold, and he was afraid that someone would get a good seed, so he went to the trouble of digging out the core, and even set up chips with his wife in the middle of the night to settle accounts.

However, the vulgar Wang Rong is suave and elegant.The so-called bright eyes like lightning under the rock were talking about him, and it was Pei Kai's comment.It was also Wang Rong who said "Jade trees in Qionglin are naturally foreign objects".Even when he was seven years old, he showed a calm and calm demeanor, and he remained motionless in front of the roaring tiger climbing the fence, which surprised Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui. I don't care about my life, what money do I want? strangeness! Therefore, some people say that Wang Rong's greed for money is the same as Liu Bei's growing vegetables and Ruan Ji's alcoholism, all in order to avoid becoming an imaginary enemy in political struggles.

This is of course for reference only.But it is probably true that Wang Rong, a money fan, is very affectionate and romantic with his wife, because Mrs. Wang calls Wang Rong Qing.The habits and customs at that time were to respectfully call you Jun, which was equivalent to "you"; to nickname him Qing, which was equivalent to "you".Therefore, according to etiquette, the wife should call him husband. But Mrs. Wang didn't care and wanted to call Qing.Wang Rong corrected her, but she said confidently: "Dear you love you, so Qingqing, I am not Qingqing, whoever should be Qingqing (Dear you love you, that's why I call you, I don't need you to call you, who has the right to call you?" Qualified to use you to call you)?Wang Rong had no choice but to let him go.

Since then, an idiom has been left: Qingqing, me, me. From this point of view, Wang Rong is full of contradictions.He is short in stature but has lightning eyes, stingy and greedy but extraordinary in generosity, he is a famous man and a dutiful son, he is dissolute but affectionate.After his son Wang Wan passed away, Shan Jian (son of Shan Tao) went to see him, and Wang Rong was crying to death.This is of course very different.Because according to the etiquette, the death of parents should be painful, but the death of a son is unnecessary. So Shan Jian said: Please mourn!Not to mention that.

But Wang Rong said: the sage is extraordinary and free from vulgarity, but the foolish people are insensitive.They treat emotions either indifferently or without knowing why.It is precisely our kind of people who value and focus on feelings the most! This is called "what you love is in my generation". Wang Rong's words are not bad, the people of Wei and Jin are indeed the most emotional.A famous scholar surnamed Wang Boyu even cried loudly when he climbed Maoshan (in today's Jurong, Jiangsu Province): Wang Boyu of Langya will die of love in the end! The same is true for heroes like Huan Wen.When he marched west to Chenghan and passed the Three Gorges, someone in the army caught a little ape.The mother ape who lost her child wailed all the way, followed Baili on the shore, and finally jumped into the boat and died instantly.The abdomen was dissected, and the intestines were cut inch by inch.When Huan Wen learned about it, he immediately dismissed the ape catcher and investigated.

Those who wield a sword also have a soft heart. Huan Wen was even sentimental.When the Northern Expedition passed by a certain place, he saw that the willow tree he had planted 30 years ago was already very thick, and he said with emotion: "The tree is like this, how can people be embarrassed!"So he held the willow branch in his hand and burst into tears. This is especially true for Huan Yi, who played the flute for Wang Huizhi.As long as he heard someone singing the dirge, he would shout "Naihe" along with it.The "naihe" here does not mean "what to do", but just a part of the elegy.However, the deceased had nothing to do with Huan Yi, so what did he call "Nai He"?

No wonder Xie An said: Ziye (Huan Yi) has always been affectionate. Emotion is the most real, but emotion cannot be faked, so those who value emotion must be willful.Authenticity and frankness are exactly the components of Wei and Jin demeanor, the basic requirements of Wei and Jin celebrities.Emperor Jianwen Sima Yu once commented on a celebrity named Wang Shu in this way: This person is mediocre, and he can't be indifferent to fame and fortune. Just because he has a little sincerity, he is enough to surpass many others. The Wang Shu mentioned by Emperor Jian Wen was the father of Wang Tanzhi who later fought side by side with Xie An.When he was appointed Shangshu Ling (secretary secretary of the palace), he took office as soon as he received the order.Wang Tanzhi then said: "My lord seems to be the one who should give in."

Wang Shu asked: Why?Insufficient qualifications or insufficient ability? Frankly speaking: No problem, but humility is a virtue. Wang Shu said with emotion: Since you are competent, why should you be humble?People say that green comes out of blue, but I don't think you can compare to me at all. It can be said that the whole body is candid. The outspoken Wang Shu also has a outspoken son-in-law, Xie Wan, Xie An's younger brother.When Wang Shu served as governor of Yangzhou, Xie Wan rushed into the official office in a sedan chair wearing a lun scarf on his head and said: People say adults are crazy, and adults are really crazy!

Wang Shu said, "Exactly!"It's just that the good reputation came too late. Such a son-in-law, according to Confucian ethics, is simply out of order, but it was a good talk among the scholars at that time.What is this indicating?It shows that deep down in their hearts, most people actually affirm and yearn for their true temperament.Behind this longing and affirmation are the values ​​and values ​​embodied and pursued by Wei and Jin demeanor. We know it is real. Truth is the common pursuit of all human beings.No nation or civilization advocates hypocrisy and opposes truth.Therefore, it is also the common value of all mankind.However, there are physical truths and psychological truths; cognitive truths and emotional truths; scientific truths and artistic truths.So, what kind of truth did Wei and Jin pursue?

Mental, emotional and artistic. Gu Kaizhi's paintings embody this point.He painted figures, sometimes without blinking for several years.Because in his view, other parts of the human body are irrelevant, and the vivid portrayal is in the pupil.He even added three beards to Pei Kai's face for no reason, the reason is that it can better reflect this person's charm. In fact, even Confucian ethics are based on emotional truth.According to Confucius and others, there is nothing more authentic and reliable than the love of relatives.Parents love their children, and children love their parents. It is innate and self-evident. What is needed is to carry it forward.Therefore, starting from "Father's kindness and son's filial piety", it is not difficult to achieve "The emperor is benevolent and the minister is loyal", and the world will be peaceful and peaceful. Is the truth of emotion dispensable? It is a pity that within the regimes of the Wei and Jin dynasties, this kind of reality disappeared.Powerful officials usurped the throne, the clan forced the palace, relatives turned against each other, and brothers and sisters fought against each other.Although Cao Pi, Cao Zhi and Cao Zhang brothers are incompatible, the Sima family is even more fierce.Not only do they not talk about family affection, they don't even talk about the basic facts and reasons. Sima Wei, the son of Emperor Wu of Jin, the king of Chu, died with regret.He was originally ordered by Empress Jiananfeng to kill Runan King Sima Liang, but he was kidnapped and sent to the execution ground on the charge of coercion.Before his execution, 21-year-old Sima Wei took out the blue paper imperial edict from his bosom and said to the supervisor and execution officer: I have been ordered for the sake of the country, and I have ended up like this!The supervisor could only bow his head and weep, not daring to look up. May I ask, where is the truth at this moment? Everyone knows it, and no one says it. So it is not difficult for us to understand Wang Rong, he is actually the epitome of the times.In fact, the pursuit of truth in an age of untruth is itself a paradox.Therefore, the various pursuits of core values ​​in the Wei and Jin Dynasties can only be abnormal and full of entanglements.Wang Rong is like this, and so is everyone else. Than how Yan.