A few years ago, after I published the book "Scholars at Sea", which mainly described Fudan teachers, I planned to write another collection of essays describing the past of Fudan, but because I was busy with other things, I kept following the rules without success.Now, the centennial celebration of Fudan University is approaching. I would like to take this opportunity to write this book. One is to celebrate the centennial celebration, and the other is to commemorate my life in Fudan for half a century. The century of Fudan University can roughly be divided into two stages in 1949. Before 1949, although Fudan had Ma Xiangbo, Yan Fu, Yu Youren, Shao Lizi, Li Denghui, Zhang Yi and other famous scholars in charge and teaching, it was a small private university before the Anti-Japanese War. National is not considered a famous school.According to old seniors, the four famous universities in China during the Anti-Japanese War were: Southwest Associated University (composed of Peking University, Tsinghua University and Nankai University), Central University, Zhejiang University and Wuhan University.After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Fudan was relatively active in the democratic movement, but the main influence was still in the Shanghai area, and it was not considered a national vanguard. In 1949, when Shanghai was liberated, Fudan got the support of the Communist Party and the People's Government, and only then did it develop by leaps and bounds.Therefore, Fudan made the day of Shanghai's liberation: May 27, as its own school anniversary, which makes sense.

Fudan became a national key university after the adjustment of departments in 1952. The adjustment of departments in 1952 was to transform the school-running model of the former Soviet Union from that of Europe and the United States.Because the call was one-sided at that time, and the whole country was studying the big brother of the Soviet Union in an all-round way, and colleges and universities were no exception.Universities originally established according to the European and American models, Generally, it is a multidisciplinary university composed of five colleges of literature, law, science, engineering, and business. Some universities also have medical schools and agricultural colleges. The other is a comprehensive university composed of two basic disciplines, such as Peking University and Fudan University; the other is a specialized university specializing in one or two applied disciplines, such as Tsinghua University, which focuses on architecture and machinery, and Jiaotong University, which focuses on shipbuilding and electrical machinery. Mainly.Of course, there are also strong political factors in the adjustment of departments.Church schools are considered to be related to imperialist cultural aggression, and they will all be abolished, such as Yenching University and St. John's University; schools that are closely related to the Kuomintang will also be abolished or weakened. For example, the National Central University is directly controlled by the Kuomintang Central Committee, so naturally it cannot continue to exist. So it was reorganized as Nanjing University a long time ago. Many professors of Guangxi University were the think tanks of the leaders of the Guangxi Clan. The address was also changed from Guilin to Nanning.The reason why Fudan was supported was related to its outstanding performance in the struggle against the Kuomintang regime after the war.

In recent years, our higher education sector has undergone adjustments again. Although there is no such thing as "faculty adjustment", the intensity is quite large.But the way of adjustment is completely different from last time, and it can even be said to be the opposite, that is, to transform the former Soviet Union model with the European and American model, and then re-merge and transform it into a multidisciplinary university, and it seems that it is better to use a university , the schools are getting bigger and bigger, and some are even advertised as the largest schools in the country.Although the actions are changing, there has been no serious summary of the adjustments made in 1952.What kind of consequences will this reform bring to China's higher education?There is an old saying: "Never forgetting the past is the teacher of the future." If there is no clear understanding of the past, then what is the basis for the future?

In the late 1950s, the gate of Fudan moved east again.This school gate is very grand, and it is often chosen as the background for teachers and students to take pictures as souvenirs.This photo was taken by some graduates of the 61st grade of the Chinese Department when they returned to school. The adjustment of departments in 1952 caused fatal damage to some universities, but Fudan was the beneficiary of this adjustment.It merged the teachers and equipment of many schools and strengthened its strength. The prelude to the adjustment of colleges and departments actually started in August 1949. Since then, some colleges and universities have been merged into Fudan, such as Jinan University, Yingshi University, and East China School of Journalism.Mr. Liu Dajie was the dean of the Faculty of Arts and the head of the Chinese Department at Jinan University. He was transferred to Fudan in September 1949 after Jinan University was abolished. That’s why he experienced the thought reform movement in Fudan from 1951 to 1952. The sensational Huangpu jumping incident; Mr. Guo Shaoyu was also transferred from Tongji University in September 1949. He was originally the dean of Tongji College of Grammar and Law.The large-scale adjustment of departments was carried out in August and September of 1952 after the thought reform movement was basically over. Because after the thought reform movement, things were done according to the instructions above, so it was solved by three times, five divisions and two, and there was no It took too much trouble.

According to the records of "Fudan University Chronicle", from 1949 to 1952, related departments of 18 colleges and universities were merged into Fudan University.Among them, there are 8 public universities: Zhejiang University, Jiaotong University, Tongji University, Jinan University, Nanjing University, Yingshi University, Anhui University, East China School of Journalism; 6 private universities: Datong University, Datong University, Guanghua University, China Journalism College , Minzhi Journalism College, Shanghai College; 4 church schools: St. John's University, Hujiang University, Aurora University, and Jinling University.In addition to Fudan University, this new Fudan University is composed of related departments of 19 institutions of higher learning, and it is the university with the most combined universities in the adjustment of departments in the country.

Of course, Fudan also has departments transferred out, such as: Accounting, Statistics, Business Management, Banking, Trade, and Cooperation Departments of the School of Finance and Economics, as well as three specialized departments of Statistics, Trade, and Banking, were transferred out to form the Shanghai University of Finance and Economics; The three departments of agronomy, horticulture, and agrochemicals of the Agricultural College were transferred to Shenyang, and the new Shenyang Agricultural College was newly built. The tea specialty department was transferred to the Agricultural College of Anhui University; Related subjects were merged to form East China University of Political Science and Law; the German language group of the Department of Foreign Languages ​​was transferred to Nanjing University; the Department of Civil Engineering of the School of Science was merged into Tongji; the Department of Education of the Faculty of Arts was merged into East China Normal University.In addition, one department was withdrawn: the Department of Sociology.

But generally speaking, Fudan has grown in strength with more inflows and fewer outflows. Fudan University established the School Affairs Committee on July 29, 1949, with director Zhang Zhirang (left) and deputy director Chen Wangdao (right). On October 3, 1952, Chen Wangdao became the principal. The decisive factor in running a school is the strength of teachers.After the adjustment of the faculties, Fudan gathered a group of well-known scholars, a large number of talents, and it was very prosperous for a while. In the 1950s, most of the academic committee members and first- and second-level professors were transferred from other schools, such as: Su Buqing, Chen Jiangong, Tan Jiazhen, Wu Zhengkai, Lu Hefu, Tan Qixiang, etc. were from Zhejiang University, Zhou Tongqing was from Jiaotong University , Gu Yidong is from Datong University, Wu Haoqing is from Hujiang University, Guo Shaoyu and Yang Wuzhi are from Tongji University, Zhao Danruo and Wang Hengshou are from the former Central University, Liu Dajie and Wu Wenqi are from Jinan University...Of course, some of them were from the former Central University before the department adjustment. Fudan teachers, such as Chen Wangdao, Lu Yudao, Chen Zizhan, Zhou Gucheng, Zhou Yutong, Quan Zenggu, Chen Chuanzhang, Zhang Mengwen, Sun Dayu and so on.

When I enrolled in 1953, the adjustment of departments had already been completed. Although the campus of Fudan University was still shabby, it was full of famous teachers and powerful.Later, it was widely rumored that there were ten professors in the Chinese Department of Fudan University. In fact, there were more than ten professors at that time.Those who had a greater influence include: Guo Shaoyu, Liu Dajie, Zhu Dongrun, Chen Zizhan, Jiang Tianshu, Wang Xinfu, Zhao Jingshen, Xu Chengyu, Wu Wenqi, Zhang Shilu, Zheng Quanzhong, Li Li, Le Sibing, Jia Zhifang, Fang Lingru, Yu Shangyuan and others; Chen Wangdaoyuan He is a professor of the Department of Journalism. At that time, because he was busy as the principal, he did not give us a class. However, the Grammar, Rhetoric and Logic Research Laboratory he founded is related to the Chinese Department, and it can also be ranked in the list of professors of the Chinese Department.At that time, most of these "old professors" were only about 50 years old. By today's standards, they could only be regarded as middle-aged teachers, while Bao Zhenghu, Hu Yushu, Jiang Kongyang, Pu Zhizhen, Wang Yunxi and other middle-aged teachers were only about 30 years old. According to the current parlance, it is young teachers.Most of them were full of energy at that time, which was the time when they could do a lot.It is a pity that political movements follow one after another, making people uncomfortable and hurting people deeply.

In addition to the thought reform movement, I personally experienced all the political movements in the second half of the 20th century. It can be said that I have experienced the ups and downs of half a century with Fudan.Although the past is unbearable to look back on, it is impossible not to look back.Because, "The soul of China is written in history, indicating the future destiny..." Whenever old classmates go back to school, they often ask me to accompany them to revisit their old places, to see the classrooms where they attended classes, the library where they took the place, and the dormitory where they lived.Classmate Ye Peng, who was labeled as a rightist and had gone through a lot of ups and downs, had to go to the place where he was denounced and criticized, and the place where he and his lover at that time bid farewell.Yes, whether it is joy or pain, there are traces of our years here, and what it imprints in our minds is an indelible memory.

I will record some past events of Fudan in the second half of the 20th century based on what I have seen and heard.For friends, for latecomers, and for myself.