Chapter 19 disagreement with mao

Liang: ... (voice is indistinct here) I have to talk about his views and understanding of old China; his views on old China are not consistent with mine.What is the main problem?It's a class issue.It is class struggle. I mean the old society in China, the society after the Qin and Han Dynasties, especially the society since the Ming and Qing dynasties 600 years ago—we don’t know much about the early society, and we don’t dare to say it—the society since the Ming and Qing dynasties In my opinion, in this society, there are rich and poor, high and low, of course, but the rich and the poor can flow up and down. It is not a class like in foreign countries, which is very fixed and formed.Chinese society is loose, and circulation is interlinked, so it is loose.Slack means that the struggle is not fierce, unlike the two major classes, a nobleman, a peasant or serf, in the medieval or later capitalist society, capitalists and workers, China lacks that thing.The Chinese like to reconcile (laughs). There are still struggles, but they are not very used to struggle. There are no strong sides in the struggle.When I say this, he can't completely deny it.After a long debate, he finally said: Mr. Liang, you overemphasize the particularity of Chinese society, but Chinese society is still a human society, and it still has its generality.I'm right, I totally agree with what you said.However, just because I completely agree with you that China has its generalities and its particularities, I want to emphasize that particularity matters.For example, a person, you know this person, you say you know this person, this is... If you want to say what kind of characteristics this person is, then it is regarded as knowing this person.You can’t say “generally” that this person is a person, or that this person is a man, this person is a middle-aged person, neither of which will work. You have to tell the characteristics of this person, and then you can be considered to know this person.Therefore, when I say that you are not as good as me, I am grasping the characteristics of Chinese society.The conversation is over, I can't go on, the comparison between the general and the specific is like this.

Later, he founded the state in Beijing. When I went to Beijing in 1950, I still said this at the beginning.We met in Beijing in March 1950.Why is it March?Because he was in Moscow with Premier Zhou in January and February of 1950, and he came back in March, and I didn't meet him until he came back. In 1950, he asked me first, he said that you can join the government now, right?I pondered for a while, thought for a while, and then answered.I said, is it not good to keep me outside the government?I have my intentions in saying this, but it sounds like he is not happy to him. He wants to pull me closer, but I don't want to get closer.I didn't want to get close at the time, and I still saw things wrongly. How could I be wrong?I don't know that China's overall situation can be unified and stabilized. I don't know, I dare not be so optimistic, because in the past, China's civil wars were endless, and the wars would last for many years.

There are past reasons in the past, but I saw that omen seems to be inevitable, why?Because the Communist Party's army liberated the whole country, Sichuan was the last.I am in Sichuan, living in a small place in Chongqing called Beibei.At this time, there were three armies entering Sichuan: from Shaanxi to Chengdu, Peng Dehuai's first field army; from the Yangtze River to Chongqing, there were two armies. Field Army; another Lin Biao, called Siye, the Fourth Field Army also entered Sichuan from the Yangtze River, these three routes.I can't see it in Chengdu, but I'm in Chongqing.But what I encountered told me that there was a problem.What's the problem?I am in Beibei, Chongqing, Sichuan. There is a school, and all my children and friends are there.The army that entered Sichuan was probably from the second field. There was a general who was not too high, like the battalion commander or regimental commander. He came to visit me, and after talking with me, he said before leaving: "You must go to the city, go to Chongqing Street and have a look, our army has arrived." I said I wanted to go, and he said, "I There's a car for you", leaving a small car.He told the driver of the car: Tomorrow, take Mr. Liang to Chongqing.Then I said it was very good, and I also wanted to take a look at Chongqing.So early the next morning, I took the car he left behind and went to Chongqing. I went to a friend’s house in Chongqing. Come back after dinner.How did you know that after he finished his meal, he came and said that this car can no longer be used by you. On the other hand, the army of the two sides captured my car and confiscated it. They want to use it, because this car is from Chongqing. The mayor's car, maybe public or private, was impounded by the army.Sometimes the four fields are deducted, and the second field is also deducted. One side is deducted, and the other side is deducted, and robbed. I think this is not a good situation.There is another situation that particularly makes me feel bad. The army in the four fields is well equipped, wearing military uniforms, equipment, leather shoes, etc., well equipped, and rich.Except Shino, everyone else is poor.I don't think this is a good thing, they have already started fighting.

Not long ago, when I came out of Sichuan to meet Chairman Mao in Beijing, the country was divided into six major military regions, the Southwest Military Region over there, and the Southeast Military Region for Lin Biao. Later, he returned to Wuhan, Hubei...isn’t it a little bit of the previous separatist regime?Isn't it a pity for the separatist regime? !Although the Kuomintang failed, will he come back?I have always been between the two major parties. I seem to be a very fair representative of the society. I can speak in all aspects. I can also speak with Jiang Fang, and I can also speak with the Communist Party. I think it is better to retain a middleman. better position.So I had this idea, he asked me to join the government, so I said it’s not good to stay outside?If that's the case, he won't be very happy to hear it. I don't want to get close to him.I don't get close to him, but he is a little bit unhappy on the one hand, and on the other hand he still pulls me a little bit, hoping not to be too far away.From now on, he would often take me to the place where he lived in Zhongnanhai to talk. When he was free, he would—no problem—just talk casually and sit down to eat.

Ai: So are you talking about everyday things, or... Liang: There is no purpose. Ai: Oh, there is no purpose.Common sayings are commonplace. Liang: You can almost say that you can say whatever you want.However, there are two situations that I can talk about. One is that I really want to know some practices of the Communist Party, how they will do it and how they will do it.On the other hand, according to this, I need to go out and see.I want to find out the difference between them from this fact, and see what I can say and what I can say to him.Just at this time, he (Chairman Mao) also brought it up. He said that you used to do rural work, and you did it in Henan and Shandong. You have seen the rural conditions in some places. Now you can go out and have a look. What changed after we were liberated.I said yes, I will accept his, this meaning is also my meaning.So we met in Beijing in March, I went to Beijing in January, they were in Moscow in March, and they returned to Beijing on March 10, and on March 11, the State Council probably held a banquet to welcome them back. At the banquet, Chairman Mao invited me tomorrow 12 No. Meet, meet and talk about this matter.Didn't you decide to go out to see it recently?He immediately told Secretary-General Lin Zuhan: Mr. Liang went out to have a look, prepared conditions for him, and sent a telegram to see which province and which province would entertain him.In the end I went out, and I went back to Beijing once in the middle, but the main thing, if I talked about it, I watched it for 6 months.Because I used to work in Henan and set up a village governance college, I went to Henan first.At that time, according to their situation at that time, Henan was divided into two provinces, one called Henan Province and the other called Pingyuan Province. Later, it was restored. Pingyuan and Henan were still merged into one province, two at that time.At that time, I went to Henan, saw Henan, saw the plains, and then went to Shandong.After going to Shandong, I came back to Beijing for a trip, and went out again to see the Northeast. At that time, the Northeast was divided into 6 provinces. I visited all 6 provinces and then returned to Beijing.

Ai: When you were in Henan, what places did you visit?Have you ever been to Zhenping? Liang: I didn't go, I didn't go that time, but the man surnamed Lu who worked there was a very optimistic person. I went to the Northeast. Didn't I say that there are six provinces in the Northeast? He followed me and took He was not the only one, but he took three or four people with him, one surnamed Huang, one surnamed Li, and one surnamed Meng. Ai: So the Zouping and Heze areas in Shandong, the places where I used to work, have all gone? Liang: They have all gone.Finally, I came back from Lushun Dalian.When I came back from Lushun Dalian, I passed through Liaoning and Northeast China. At that time, the Northeast had already conducted exercises, and the lights had to be turned off at night. For fear of bombing, everyone turned off the lights, or blocked the windows with curtains and glass.I went back to Beijing and told Chairman Mao as soon as I saw him, saying it was a pity, why is it a pity?Because I saw that the post-war recovery weather is very good, I said that the heavy industries Anshan Iron and Steel and Fushun that were destroyed today are important industrial mines and are being restored. If it takes a dozen, it will not be restored, which is a pity.He shook his head and said that he would not fight. He said that we do not want to fight at all, and the United States does not want to fight, so it is fine not to fight.But later they fought too, in October.

I am afraid that there will be another situation of national separatism. He actually canceled this large area and brought all the Gaogang in the northeast to Beijing.When I went to the Northeast to see, Gao Gang was so powerful. He ruled the Northeast, as if he was the same as the King of the Northeast. He had his own currency, which was different from the pass.Later, Gao Gang was also brought to Beijing (laughs) to criticize Gao Gang. Later, Gao Gang committed suicide, and Deng Xiaoping was transferred from the southwest to Beijing to serve as...