Chapter 56 Section 3 Ideological Glacier Cultural Desert

In 1959, three American scholars conducted field research on the educational and cultural conditions in Taiwan and wrote a report, pointing out that Taiwan is a "cultural desert."Li Ji, an "academic authority" in Taipei, believes that "bystanders are clear", and he feels sorry for him.He analyzed the causes of the "cultural desert" by these three scholars and summarized them into five points: 1. At the beginning of the acceptance, some people who were not well trained became professors; 2. The scholars from the mainland were depressed and could not cheer up; and many people who lost their interest in reading took teaching as a temporary job; In Jingzhao's psychology, he did not make any long-term plans; fourth, the various taboos prevailing in society and politics greatly restricted the scope of thought; fifth, young scholars refused to come to universities. ("Cultural Desert", "Free China", Volume 21, Issue 10 (1959), p. 302)

In fact, among these five articles, the fourth article is "gang", and the others are "orders". "Various taboos" are the product of political high pressure; under political high pressure, thinking is not only restricted, but fundamentally imprisoned, so that it forms a state of ice.The more lively and problematic the thoughts, the better, because only lively thoughts can produce the wisdom to create culture, and only problematic thoughts can make culture progress and prosper.However, under the high pressure of Jiang's father and son, if there are problems with thinking, they can be shot. If a few people dare to provoke "ideology", of course it will lead to the ice river of thinking, and the cultural desert is the result of the ice river of thinking.

Chiang Kai-shek transported many treasures to Taiwan. In addition to the treasury gold, the national treasures of the Forbidden City, etc., there are also complete KMT secret agents.Although the names of military command and central command have disappeared, their entities are more concentrated. Jiang Jingguo is in charge of the party and government secret service agencies, and there are more than 50,000 secret agents under his command at the beginning.After the Jiang family's spies arrived in Taiwan, the land was small and powerful, and because of the cooperation of the "martial law", they laid down a network of heaven and earth, and their handiness was unprecedented in the mainland era.What's more, Jiang Jingguo, the head of the secret service, is far from comparable to Dai Li in the mainland era.Chiang Kai-shek and Dai Li are nothing more than a master-servant relationship, but they have a father-son relationship with Jing Guo. How can it be the same?As a result, under the jurisdiction and command of the prince, the secret agents covered the whole island.As for the "Chinese Kuomintang Reform Plan" announced in July 1950, it was called "reform", but it was actually "centralization" and concentrated power in the hands of Chiang and his son.By the time the Seventh National Congress of the Kuomintang was held in October 1952, the "transformation" had been completed. Except for Chiang Kai-shek's re-election as president, Chiang Ching-kuo had already become a member of the Central Committee, ranking only below Chen Cheng.

When Jiang's father and son first arrived in Taiwan, they were still in shock, and all the plants and trees were soldiers. For their "stability", the killing was especially tragic.Jiang Nan (Liu Yiliang), who was born in a school for political cadres, made quite specific disclosures in his book "The Biography of Jiang Jingguo", such as: Located in Machang Town near the Taipei Botanical Garden, it replaced the previous status of Nanjing Yuhuatai.According to Dai Guohui, who teaches at Rikkyo University in Tokyo, "I was studying at Jianguo Middle School on Nanhai Road. One day I saw a truck carrying seven or eight prisoners with their hands tied behind their backs and their mouths tied with a white cloth. I was probably afraid of them. After a while, there was a gunshot. I thought to myself, they have become revolutionary martyrs." Opening the "Central Daily" in the first half of fifty years ago, "Several criminals including spies ×× were executed by shooting yesterday" The title, appears several times a week.Countless people were sent to Qingdao East Road Military Prison or Taitung Green Island in the name of "suspected bandits", or tied up in sacks, and thrown into the sea to feed fish without judicial procedures.Chen Tianmin, a chemical engineer in Taipei, from Jingjiang, Jiangsu, told his fellow villagers who defected to him because of his inadvertent words: "Taiwan is about to be liberated, why are you still here?" He was reported and sentenced to 15 years in prison.Of course Chen is not a "bandit spy", and there is no evidence to support the accusation of the Military Law Department of the Security Command. At best, it is nothing more than a loss of confidence in the future of the KMT's rule.Ms. Zhang Mingzhang, the mother of Nobel laureate Li Zhengdao, and her son Li Chongdao (later served as the president of Chung Hsing University) were imprisoned for "covering bandit spies" because they stayed at the Tamsui home with a classmate from Guangxi University. (Page 183)

This "terrorist world" is the "masterpiece" of the spies under the command of Chiang Ching-kuo.In the "world of terror", the government and the public are in a state of fear and fear, and follow the lead of Jiang and his son.The spy force is Chiang Kai-shek's power base in Taiwan and the ladder for Chiang Ching-kuo to inherit power. In this context, any "Left" ideology is heinous and can be killed without mercy. Even moderate liberalism and democratic ideology have no room in Taiwan under the control of Chiang and his son. The Lei case in 1960.The protagonist of the Lei case, Lei Zhen, whose name is Jing Huan, was originally an old member of the Kuomintang. After retreating from the mainland and coming to Taiwan, he and some liberals who supported Chiang, such as Hu Shi and Mao Zishui, organized a fortnightly magazine named "Free China".Hu Shi also wrote the introductory words for this magazine on the ship to the United States, and Hu Shi served as the publisher, and Lei Zhen succeeded him. The name "Free China" is a very good propaganda to distinguish it from the Communist China on the mainland. Many people call Taiwan "Free China". In fact, Chiang Kai-shek's Taiwan is neither "free" nor "China"? What is even more ironic is that Chiang Kai-shek finally killed "Free China" and sentenced Lei Zhen to ten years in prison.

The purpose of "Free China" was originally to "support and urge the government to move forward, reform gradually, and establish a free and democratic society."Chiang Kai-shek would never oppose "freedom and democracy" in his mouth, but in his heart he was concerned about consolidating power and paving the way for his son to take over, and this "concern" was often incompatible with freedom and democracy. One of the main writers of "Free China", Yin Haiguang (formerly known as Yin Fusheng), was originally a member of the Kuomintang, and later became a follower of Russell. He sang Anglo-American liberalism, which naturally contradicted the reality of feudal dictatorship, and gradually strengthened his understanding of reality. Criticism involves all aspects of politics, economy, and education.In 1954, "Free China" criticized Chiang Ching-kuo's "Youth National Salvation Corps" for controlling young students. Chiang Kai-shek was "furious", so on December 28 of the same year, he personally expelled Lei Zhen from the party (see "Memoirs of Lei Zhen", p. 360), Lei Zhen was forced to become a non-Party figure.

"Free China" has survived for many years under the shadow of Chiang's father and son's spy forces, mainly using the "democracy" signboard that Chiang Kai-shek played to curry favor with the United States. Attack the shield of "party-oriented education", attack the shield of "financial control" with the spear of "free economy", and attack the shield of "one-party dictatorship" with the spear of "multi-party democracy".October 1956 was Chiang Kai-shek's 70th birthday, and "Free China" took advantage of Chiang's statement of "thank you for celebrating his birthday" and "we hope that compatriots at home and abroad can express their views frankly" and published a special issue of "Birthday Congratulations". ", put forward frank and pertinent suggestions and criticisms of Chiang Kai-shek personally.The editorial in the special issue more clearly advised Chiang not to be re-elected as president in violation of the constitution, and asked the party to withdraw from the army and nationalize the army. (See Issue Nine of Volume 15)

In the face of these challenges, the General Political Department of the Ministry of National Defense under the direct control of Chiang Ching-kuo launched a "general attack on poisonous thoughts", and Hu Shih, the pillar of "Free China", became a big target of the "attack". ... (omitted - editor) Hu Shi felt that returning to Taiwan was more important than staying in a foreign country amidst the siege, so at the end of 1957 he agreed to take up the post of president of the Academia Sinica. (See "Hu Shi's Letter to Zhao Yuan Ren Ren", July 28, 1957) The position of dean was selected by Chiang Kai-shek, and Chiang appointed Hu as the head of Taiwan's highest academic institution. The meaning of win over made Hu more or less scrupulous, and in the end Hu Shi really failed to fight for "freedom" by "going for it".

The fate of "Free China" did not improve after Hu Shi returned to Taiwan for a long-term stay in April 1958.Instead, the spies went from "encirclement and suppression" to persecution, and Hu Shi actually asked the writer of "Free China" to "be more tolerant", which aroused Yin Haiguang's dissatisfaction.With Hu Shi's return to Taiwan and the encouragement of American public opinion, Lei Zhen moved further toward democracy, and then wanted to organize an opposition party.So far, Chiang Kai-shek no longer cared about the signboard of democracy, tearing his face apart, and ordered the secret agents to create a spy case and arrest Lei Zhen.After Lei was arrested, Hu Shi refused to preside over the formation of the party, and others advocated "steadiness" under the influence of Qi Shiying, and the new party was stillborn.Chiang Kai-shek achieved the goal of "killing chickens and police monkeys".

When the Lei case happened, Hu Shi was in the United States and had publicly supported Lei Zhen.After he returned to Taiwan, Chiang Kai-shek deliberately snubbed him. Jiang Menglin, chairman of the Agricultural Restoration Association, came back later than him, but met Jiang first, while Hu Shi had to meet Jiang under the agreement of "not talking about the Lei case".Jiang usually met with Hu Shi in a secret conversation, but this time it was an official conversation with the secretary, secretary, and adjutant present, which obviously had a symbolic meaning and a distance.But when we met, Hu Shi still couldn't help talking about the Lei case, and sincerely wanted to explain how the Lei case had "very bad repercussions" in foreign countries. Hu Shi wrote in his diary on November 18, 1960 Say:

The president said: I am very tolerant of Lei Zhenneng. If there are no spies behind him, I will never do him.Our government is an anti-communist government that saves the country. There are bandits and spies behind Lei Zhen, and the government has to deal with him.I also know that this case will have negative repercussions abroad, but a country has its freedom and autonomy, and we have to follow the law.This is what he said to the American West Coast newspaper on September 14, and he repeats it today. These last twenty-five characters are written with great internal strength? The selection is not tepid, but it puts the finishing touch on Jiang's attitude towards him.Because of the Lei case, he was obviously "dismissed" by Chiang Kai-shek? However, Hu Shi repeatedly "hoped that the case could be tried judicially" in front of Chiang. What's the difference?What is there to argue about?Hu Shi spoke earnestly to Chiang Kai-shek, but Chiang Kai-shek actually said: "Mr. Hu and I have always had a very good relationship. But in the past two years, Mr. Hu seems to only believe in Lei Jinghuan, not our government." After hearing this, Hu Shi became excited , To say that is too serious, in today's diary, I still feel like I can't say anything.Hu Shi was "willing to use my moral strength to support Mr. Chiang Kai-shek's government" unswervingly.As early as December 1948, when Chiang's regime was in crisis, he tried to get the United States to support Chiang in fighting, and shed tears in front of the Americans (see Leighton Stuart's letter in Rea & Brewer ed., the Forgotten Ambassador, p. 292) , a bit like Qin Tingzhi crying.Such embracing left him little room for maneuver, but he was infinitely sad.He is naive about the Kuomintang and those outside the party.In Chinese politics, a purist with status like him was eventually killed.The most pitiful thing is that, with his last earnest efforts, he couldn't save even a thunderbolt. One can imagine his sorrow. After the "Thunder Case" happened, Hu Adaptation should protest by not returning to Taiwan and by resigning from the post of president of Academia Sinica, which will put some pressure on Chiang Kai-shek.But Hu Shi was still his dean when he came back, and it was not even convenient to visit Lei Zhen's prison, so he finally compromised under Chiang Kai-shek's authority.Hu Shi likes to publicize Huang Yizhou's standpoint of "seeking truth from facts, don't mediate people" in his articles, but he himself has never been immune to the ridicule of "modulating people". After "Free China" was closed, there was no room for freedom of speech. How could there be another sensational "literary star incident"?Wenxing Bookstore was founded in 1952, and Wenxing magazine was founded in 1957.In the first four years after its publication, "Wenxing" magazine was just a decent and ordinary publication with mediocre results.The real breakthrough came after Li Ao entered "Wenxing", and the magazine changed color and the bookstore changed in the four years since then.Under the influence of Li Ao, "Wen Xing" advocated that China take the road of modernization, and its distinctive colors of freedom, democracy, enlightenment, progress, and fighting were reflected in "Wen Xing Magazine", "Wen Xing Series", "Wen Xing" Star Collection, and numerous other publications. "Wen Xing" seeks answers to the trend of Chinese thought, painstakingly digs out the roots, pursues cautiously to the end, and returns to the roots of the world. The achievements in orientation are really odd numbers in the glaciers of thought and miracles in the cultural desert.In this way, after "Wenxing" became the "Free China" magazine, it became the official thorn in the side.Among the methods of banning Wenxing, the most intriguing thing is that, in addition to wearing red hats as usual, it also uses a group of people who were born in the Communist Party or leftists to weave Wenxing.No problem, picking out the problem is called "luo"; if you find out the problem and then concatenate it into a crime, it's called "zhi".Under this kind of weaving work, the forced fall of "Wen Xing" is just around the corner. The most interesting thing is that when the villains reported to Chiang Kai-shek at the regular meeting of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang that the "Wen Xing" trouble should be dealt with strictly, Chiang Kai-shek said: "Put Xiao Mengneng and Li Ao under party discipline first." The villains said again: "But Xiao Mengneng and Li Ao are not Party member." Chiang Kai-shek said: "Is Xiao Mengneng's father Xiao Tongzi right? Xiao Tongzi should be in charge of the election? Election" Xiao Tongzi's old face in the Kuomintang delayed the elimination of "Wen Xing", but could not make "Wen Xing" Star" from being wiped out.The face of a catastrophe is like a banned net, which is slowly pulled down.First, the ninetieth issue of "Wen Xing" was banned, which was just a signal to do something. Once the killing ring was started, there would naturally be a good show to watch. The "killing disaster" happened in December 1965 when the ninety-ninth issue of "Wen Xing" was being prepared for printing.The ban order was issued, and the content was spectacular, and "Wen Xing" was suspended for one year.But this is only a superficial punishment, but in essence, the punishment is more serious, that is, Chiang Kai-shek issued an order: "This bookstore should try to close it immediately." in front of you.However, the problem with "Wen Xing" is Li Ao. If Li Ao is decoupled from "Wen Xing", "Wen Xing" can still be saved.Under this "hope", under the "protection of the party and party" of Chiang Kai-shek's secretary-general Zhang Qun, Xiao Tongzi submitted a report to Chiang Kai-shek, "Because of the poor handling of the "Wenxing" magazine, it was punished by suspension of publication. It has been used by the outside world, resulting in inappropriate tendencies, it is proposed to be sorted out by Tong hereby, and I would like to report it for inspection."The wording of Xiao Tongzi's report was cautious. Although it was reported on "Wen Xing", it always stood up for Chiang Kai-shek's interests. 'The people who are inclined to rely on freedom of speech say that if they secretly support literary stars, they may affect the prestige of the government" and so on, they all speak from this standpoint.The text of the report was refined and refined by Li Jinfang, and then corrected by Huang Shaogu.Zhang Qun thought that this kind of writing could impress Chiang Kai-shek, so Zhang Qun attached the corresponding signature. Tong Zi, Huang Shaogu, and Huang Jie, under the old face of the four, based on his own interests, finally lenient the Internet and gave instructions that "it can be tried as planned".So Zhang Qunde ordered that on February 26, 1966, he wrote a letter to Xiao Tongzi in a "very confidential and fastest document" to report the good news.In this way, "Wen Xing" was "taken over by the old people by the young" by Xiao Tongzi, with only one purpose, that is, Xiao Tongzi stepped forward to block "Wen Xing" from danger.However, in 1967, "Wenxing" magazine was suspended for one year and the punishment was full. According to the law, it could automatically resume publication. The confidential letter was sent to Xiao Tongzi, saying that "according to the results of discussions between relevant parties, it is believed that under the current circumstances, "Wenxing" magazine should not be resumed."As a result, under the party's order surpassing the administrative order, the "Wenxing" magazine will never be revived.It's like knocking you unconscious with an executive order and then killing you with a party order.Even though Chiang Kai-shek let go of "Wen Xing" for a while because of the old comrades' old face, a group of people from the political warfare department, the intelligence and politics department, and the party and government department led by Chiang Ching-kuo would never let "Wen Xing" go.Therefore, despite Xiao Tongzi's "exhausted mind and body" rescue, the reorganization of "Wen Xing" will still not be successful.It dragged on until 1968, when the authorities finally couldn't bear it anymore. First of all, the authorities began to trouble Wenxing with the tax issue, hoping to find evidence of tax evasion and use it as an excuse.Unexpectedly, "Wen Xing" took precautions against this move early on. After being investigated by the tax authorities, it was discovered that "Wen Xing" would automatically issue an invoice even for selling a newspaper? There is no other way to frame the blame.So, the official decision was made. On the afternoon of January 25, 1968, the police chief gathered people from all walks of life and raided the reference room of "Wen Xing".Three days later (January 28), Xiao Tongzi's car began to be followed; from the fourth day (January 29), there were two "taxis" and several people in plain clothes at the door of the "Wen Xing" bookstore Can't stay there.With the development of the situation so far, it can be seen that Jiang Jingguo and the others did not go through Zhang Qun, and "directly reported and implemented it themselves".Xiao Tongzi felt that "it is better to kill me with others than to kill myself", so he wrote to Zhang Qun on February 5th, "standby in fear".Xiao Tongzi is worthy of being so sophisticated, it is clear that you, Chiang Kai-shek, are double-faced and forced me to close the door, but I never said a word, instead, between the lines, I begged you to allow me to end myself.After Zhang Qun received the letter, he had no choice but to forward it to Chiang Kai-shek. Chiang Kai-shek approved the word "read", which means that if you know it, you should go out of business.As a result, "Wen Xing", which had been lingering for two years, was finally doomed. Although Chiang Kai-shek decided to suspend "Wen Xing", but on Chiang Ching-kuo's side, they continued to arrest people in order to implement the case.After the advertisements and posters declaring the end of "Wen Xing" appeared, readers of "Wen Xing" crowded the bookstore every day in order to snap up purchases, to protest, and to bid farewell. Congratulations, make others terrified.On the evening of March 31st, the last day of "Wen Xing", it was just in time for Sunday, and the bookstore was packed all day long. Among them, even officials from the Kuomintang, such as Chen Jianzhong, mixed in to buy books.After ten o'clock, Xiao Mengneng went to the bookstore in person, spending the last two hours with the readers in condolences, and it was officially over at midnight.At this time, there were many plainclothes and "taxis" at the door of the bookstore, and a "customer" with a special status stayed with him until the end. Before leaving the store, he looked at the window for a long time before leaving. After the star sinking, Li Ao, the driving force of the "Wen Xing" movement, was banned from writing, followed, and monitored. Finally, because of the Peng Mingmin case, he was falsely accused of being "one of the five Central Committee members of Taiwan independence" and imprisoned for five and a half years.Before Li Ao was imprisoned, the writer Bo Yang was accused of mocking Jiang and his son for publishing Popeye cartoons.Bo Yang was originally a servant of Jiang Jingguo's literature, and he had no intention of rebelling against the father and son of Jiang, but Li Ao deliberately opposed it.It can be seen that in the eyes of Jiang's father and son, no matter whether it is unintentional or intentional, as long as you offend the holy face, you have to be dealt with by special agents, thrown into a black prison, and punished indiscriminately as a warning to others. It can be seen from this that even though "Wen Xing" was taken over by the old Kuomintang member Xiao Tongzi, it was still not working, so it is not surprising, because if it is exhausted, it will be killed.Some people think that Lei Zhenruo only discusses politics as a scholar, and if he does not form a party, nothing will happen, and he only knows one thing but not the other.Hu Xuyi has provided evidence to show that before forming the party, Chiang Kai-shek wanted to buy "Free China" at a high price, but was rejected by Lei Zhen, which has aroused Chiang's anger (Hu Xuyi, "Lei Zhen and Chiang Kai-shek's Encounter", contained in "Liquidation Chiang Kai-shek", pages 277 to 284), so if you don't form a party, you will still be banned. "Free China" opposes Chiang's unconstitutional re-election, and it will be eliminated.Forming a party is but one of the offenses, any of which will lead to the same fate. From the reinstatement of Chiang Kai-shek on March 1, 1950, to his death on April 5, 1975, for 25 years, his status as president was illegal.Even after Chiang Kai-shek returned to office on March 1, 1950, the illegal president worked until 1960, and there was still a big problem, because Article 47 of the "Constitution of the Republic of China" stipulates: "The president, vice president The term of office is six years, and he can be re-elected once." It can be seen that even if everything he did before 1960 was in accordance with the Constitution, when 1960 came, even if two six-year periods had elapsed, the "re-election" limit could not be exceeded. Even if there are restrictions, you have to step down.But at the end of 1960, Chiang Kai-shek changed his tricks again, so that the salary of the representatives of the National Congress could be increased to the same level as that of the legislators. During the anti-insurgency period, the president and vice president may be re-elected, without the restriction of one re-election as stipulated in Article 47 of the Constitution."On March 11, 1960, Chiang Kai-shek announced this clause. Ten days later (March 21), he relied on this clause to serve as the third "president". The dead party rests. During Chiang Kai-shek's 25 consecutive years of illegal presidency, the one in 1960 was an important juncture, because the violation of the constitution this time was clearer than the violation of the constitution when he was reinstated. According to Article 47 of Taiwan's "Constitution", There is no third term at all, and it is clearly written in black and white. People of insight at home and abroad, including Hu Shi, Zhang Junmai, etc., are not in favor of Chiang Kai-shek's re-election. .In the first year (1959), Chiang Kai-shek summoned Qian Mu and asked, "Do you have any intention of opposing my re-election in this election?"Under Chiang Kai-shek's questioning, Qian Mu couldn't stand up and denied the matter.Chiang Kai-shek "immediately got up and fetched books from the bookshelf", and wanted to use books to prove that Qian Mu's denial was unreliable.At that time, Qian Mu said quickly: "The president should not review this book again. It should be written to advise the government when we arrived in Hong Kong in the early 1939 of the Republic of China. It was not issued for the election of the president." Advice to the Nationalist Government in Voices", published in Hong Kong "Democracy Review", Volume 1, Issue 20, April 20, 1950.Looking at the full text, what Qian Mu talked about, even if he opposed the re-election solution, he only hoped that Chiang Kai-shek would retire after success.However, Jiang's suspicion suddenly came in a detour after nearly ten years, and came to ask the teacher who committed the crime.Of course, Qian Mu's hope for Chiang Kai-shek's successful retirement was originally a kind of flattery. The first assumption was after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, and the second assumption was after the counterattack to the mainland. The latter is especially a fantasy.However, even if it is assumed, Chiang Kai-shek is not happy either. His nature is to hold the power in his hands until he dies. If you tell him to "stop in moderation and retreat bravely", he will show you color.Therefore, when he was summoned in September 1959, although Qian Mu explained repeatedly in a condescending manner, Chiang Kai-shek "did nod repeatedly and did not say a word."In the end, although "it's already the noon hour", he didn't even reward Mu for a meal.This kind of small action, after seeing through, will have articles. Chiang Kai-shek's retreat to Taiwan cannot be said to be painful. However, his "painful decision" was not the lack of democracy, but the lack of dictatorship. At the Design Committee of the Executive Yuan, he openly pointed out that the constitution must be amended. Chen Cheng also added that "the end of the political training and the formulation of the current constitution were influenced by outside the party."In the end, it was decided that "the power rests with the president" and made the final decision (see Xiao Tongzi's unpublished diary). On November 12, 1966, Chiang Kai-shek published "The Commemoration of the Completion of the Zhongshan Tower Chinese Culture Hall" (included in the third volume of "The Complete Works of Former President Chiang Kai-shek"). They echoed it and called it the "Chinese Cultural Revival Movement." Has this movement revived Chinese culture? In fact, culture is in name but political motives and goals are in fact.From the time when this movement took place, we can know that it was aimed at the "Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution" launched by Mao Zedong on the mainland.Mao wanted to revolutionize the culture, and Jiang wanted to revive the culture to show Mao. This is the basic mentality.It's just that the old man Caoshan on the isolated island can't do what he wants, watching the fire from the other side, it's just a drop in the bucket. The "cultural revival" advocated by Chiang Kai-shek is very political in nature.He himself unequivocally linked Chinese culture with the Three Principles of the People, and Sun Yat-sen with the consistent orthodox culture of China. He even said: "Taiwan Province, the base of today's revival, is actually the only treasure house that gathers the essence of Chinese cultural relics." ("The Complete Works of Former President Chiang Kai-shek", Volume 3, page 4230) Under Chiang Kai-shek's political call, people from all walks of life in Taiwan responded enthusiastically, and was established in Yangmingshan on July 28, 1967. The Promotion Committee of the Chinese Cultural Revival Movement approved the implementation program and organizational charter, and appointed Chiang Kai-shek as its chairman.As soon as I called Bainuo, I saw the smell of fascism again. Chinese culture has not been revived in the cultural desert, and it is impossible to revive it because of its heavy retro meaning, which is more hindered than beneficial to the modernization movement, but it can be reluctantly called the anti-Mao and anti-communist movement, or the revitalization of the Three People's Principles movement .Chiang Kai-shek hoped that this would be a long-term movement, but like the "New Life Movement" back then, it was short-lived and ended without cause.Now after the end of the Chiang Dynasty, even the Three Principles of the People will be abolished, and even Chinese literati will be regarded as foreign cultures. The rootlessness of the cultural revival movement can be seen. In short, under high political pressure, in the glaciers of thought, and in the cultural desert, Chiang Kai-shek did whatever he wanted, and no one could stop him until his death.Under the shadow of his father, Chiang Ching-kuo was promoted repeatedly. From the director to the minister, the minister to the dean, the dean to the president, it seemed to be a matter of course, but in fact it was not a deliberate arrangement.