Chapter 5 Chapter 1 Before the fortune

Section 1 The Son of the Salt Shop at Xikou After Chiang Kai-shek's prosperity, he managed a lot of opportunities, and he still couldn't forget the traditional patriarchal consciousness. He was so interested in finding his roots and recognizing his ancestors that he repeatedly revised his genealogy. It is still necessary to overhaul and specialize according to the routine, and hire Wu Jingheng as the president of the compilation, and Chen Bulei as the editor-in-chief.This revision of the genealogy found an ancestor head in Ningbo, and traced it all the way to Duke Zhou in the 12th century BC."Mr. Chiang Kai-shek Fifteen Years Before the Republic of China", edited by Mao Sicheng and edited by Chen Bulei, states that Chiang Kai-shek "became first from Boling, the third son of Duke Zhou".Chiang Kai-shek was quite happy, but such a family tree is just a "creation" of later generations. How can Li Tang compare himself to a famous family in Longxi, and Zhang Binglin wrote "Gaoqiao Du's Ancestral Hall" for Du Yuesheng?In fact, heroes are not afraid of low birth. Among Chiang Kai-shek's ancestors, where is there such a number one person like Chiang Kai-shek?Why do you need to find Guangxian from your ancestors?

More relevant, we can start with Chiang Kai-shek’s grandfather Jiang Siqian. Jiang Siqian’s jade watch was born in the 19th year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (1814). Jiang Siqian barely survived the war and chaos in the area. It was not until his later years that he opened a Yutai salt shop in Xikou Town (also known as Jinxi Village) in Fenghua, Zhejiang Province. He made wine and sold salt as his business. The business was good, and the business expanded as a result, and also sold rice. , Vegetable cakes, lime and other goods have established a family business. The family business was inherited by Jiang Siqian's second son, Jiang Zhaocong, named Su'an, who was born in the 22nd year of Daoguang (1842).This person is more capable of doing business, so the scale of Yutai Salt Store has increased. It has three stores in Xikou Town, and has a workshop. It employs managers, accountants, assistants, apprentices and temporary long-term workers. The capital is no less than two or three. thousand silver dollars.His success in business earned Jiang Zhaocong the nickname of "Futou Huangel", which means that he is flexible and no one else can take advantage of him, and he is like a celebrity in the village.He is extroverted and likes to meddle in his own business, and the villagers also like him to meddle in his own business. He is undoubtedly an active member of the local area.His first wife, Xu, died in the eighth year of Guangxu (1882), and his second wife, Sun, died in the 12th year of Guangxu (1886).The third married Wang, whose name is Caiyu, is Chiang Kai-shek's mother.Mother Chiang's father, Wang Youze (1820-1882), who died five years before Chiang Kai-shek's birth, later described him as a revolutionary pioneer sympathetic to the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and said that Chiang Kai-shek's "patriotism" was Inherited from his maternal grandfather (see Xiong Shiyi's English Biography of Jiang, page 15), it is unavoidably linked to it.Grandmother Yao did not die until Chiang Kai-shek was 18 years old, and she lived with her widowed mother.

Chiang Kai-shek praised his mother repeatedly throughout his life, but rarely mentioned his father, because when his father passed away in the 21st year of Guangxu (1895), he was only nine years old and was completely raised by his mother.Although Jiang's mother was Jiang's father's third wife, Jiang's father was also Jiang's mother's second husband.It turned out that she first married Yu surnamed Yu in Caojiatian Village, Xikou, but her husband died before the age of thirty-six, so she returned to her family's family in Gexi Township, Sheng County. The salt shop was used as an accountant, and was introduced to Jiang Zhaocong to fill in the house.Later, Chiang Kai-shek asked someone to write an epitaph, praising his father who was not impressed.

Wang Caiyu was only 22 years old when she remarried. On October 31 of the following year (1887), she gave birth to Chiang Kai-shek. Ju lived for a few months before dying. The eldest sister was born in 1890 and married Zhu Zhishan of Houzhu Village.Another younger brother, Zhou Chuan, nicknamed Ruiqing, was born in the 21st year of Guangxu (1895) and died in the 24th year of Guangxu (1898). He lived less than four years old. When Jiang Zhouchuan died, Chiang Kai-shek was only eleven years old. From the "Lost Brother Ruiqing's Complaint", it can be seen that when his mother died of her youngest son, it was more painful than the death of her husband. In addition to the pain, he did two things: One is to forcefully break the "my family rules" and require Chiang Kai-shek to make his son Jiang Jingguo the descendant of Jiang Zhouchuan;These two large-scale works are against the orthodox Chinese culture.

The so-called "buried together with Wang's daughter and set up an heir" is to find a daughter of the Wang family who died young and give Jiang Zhouchuan a "dark marriage". After the "dark marriage", the deceased Jiang Zhouchuan will have an heir With qualifications, Jiang Jingguo can be established as the queen, and Jiang Zhouchuan's branch will never end. "Ghost marriage" is Chinese culture, but it is not orthodox.For example, Cao Cao's youngest son, Cao Chong, died. Because he was only thirteen years old when he died, Cao Cao felt sorry for his youngest son and wanted to have a "ghost marriage".It happened that one of Bing Yuan's daughters had died long ago. Cao Cao found Bing Yuan and wanted to bury the two children together.Unexpectedly, Bing Yuan didn't buy it. Bing Yuan said: "The reason why Yuan tolerates Duke Ming, and the reason why Duke treats Yuan is that it is not easy to obey the training code! If you obey the orders of Duke Ming, you will be mediocre! How do you think so?" Why did Bing Yuan reject Cao Cao?His theoretical basis is that doing so is not in line with the "exercise", and the "exercise" he refers to obviously refers to the scripture "Zhou Li".In the section of "Diguan" (Mediashi) in "Zhou Li", there is such a sentence: "It is forbidden to relocate those who are buried and married." Relocate and bury them, and envoys follow them"; "Marriage" refers to "those who died without being married under 19", "it is also called marrying the dead".Taken together, both are "dark marriages".And this kind of "ghost marriage", regardless of whether the deceased is an adult or not, according to various traditional scriptures, is against it. In Chinese orthodox thought, these are completely and explicitly prohibited.

From a negative point of view, the prohibition of "dark marriage" in Chinese classics is exposing the popularity of "dark marriage". The book "Zhou Li" was concluded by experts as a work of the Warring States Period. Therefore, the prohibition of "dark marriage" in the book is enough to disprove the prevalence of this phenomenon at that time.The example of Cao Cao cited above shows that Cao Cao has his roots, but his roots are traditional culture in folk customs, not traditional culture in classics.This kind of traditional culture in folk customs is very evil after it has gone mad. There are such strange things: "Yuan Shi" (Biography of Women) records that there was a Yang family. Marriage", even disregarding the living daughter-in-law, insisting on begging for a hag first!

Cao Chong's ghost marriage is the first and most famous "dark marriage" in Chinese history. After Cao Chong, there are many outstanding examples in all dynasties. Get married with ghosts.Mrs. Wang Tai "married in the dark" for her youngest son, and gave Jiang Jingguo another father, which obviously belongs to this school.What's interesting is that she didn't bury her legal husband together, but buried her youngest son with an illegitimate wife. The Chinese culture in her brain is really contradictory. The orthodox idea in China is the system of eldest son succession. The eldest son is "Da Zong".Shang is a person who died early under the age of nineteen. According to the rules, Shang will not be a successor unless he died in battle.Confucius said: "If you can fight to defend the country, even if you want to live without death, isn't it okay?" This is what he meant.

Xue Hui's "Later Explanation for Human Beings" said: "The reason why the etiquette is legislated is that it is called the great sect; the small sect has no children, and it is thought that it can be eliminated, so it is not established for it. Follow it." Because of this orthodox thinking in China, the eldest son of "Da Zong" is not allowed to adopt his branch, and he must keep it for himself.In 1923, "The Encyclopedia of Civil Customs of the Republic of China" recorded that in Yongshun County, Hunan Province, "the eldest son of a long branch cannot succeed another branch", it said: "The people of Yongshun County are stuck in the ancient righteousness of the big family and the small family. For the eldest son of the long branch, They are not allowed to follow other branches, for fear of disrupting the patriarchal clan." It is a clear example.Not only does the "Da Zong" have a son who cannot be adopted, but the "Da Zong" (the eldest house) has no son and must adopt the son of the younger brother (the second house).However, on the younger brother's side, if there is only one son and he is adopted by "Da Zong", he will be extinct, which will always hurt his feelings.Therefore, wise people invented the rule of "one family, two families".祧 means to inherit as an heir, and jian 祧 means to be a son to the two families.

Jiang's mother, Wang Caiyu, didn't know that she should not be a queen for Shang, nor should she be a queen for the second wife.Even if it is established, it must be "unstoppable". At most, it can only engage in "one school and two inexhaustible". It should not directly move Chiang Ching-kuo to the second family. This branch is extinct! But Mrs. Wang Tai doesn't care so much, she prefers the dead youngest son, and forced Chiang Kai-shek to do this! In Chiang Kai-shek's article, it is said that "I am not yet old, and my mother was buried together with Wang's daughter, and we will set up an heir for him." "Jiwei is not old" is 1919, twenty-one years after Jiang Zhouchuan's death, that is, this At the age of twenty-five when the child died at the age of nearly four, Mrs. Wang Tai continued to engage in this practice twenty-one years after the death of her youngest son, which obviously caused Chiang Kai-shek a headache. In the year of Chiang Ching-kuo’s adoption, Jiang Weiguo was only three years old. Chiang Weiguo’s biological father was not Chiang Kai-shek, but Dai Chuanxian. He was accepted as the second son by Chiang Kai-shek. One of the important reasons is that It is probably related to Mrs. Wang Tai's constant pressure to give Chiang Ching-kuo to Jiang Zhou. Chiang Kai-shek is very old-fashioned. He was afraid that his long-term family would be extinct, so he brought Jiang Weiguo to the bottom. In terms of form, at least it is not too embarrassing. Chiang Kai-shek said in the article Deliberately using the tone of "I have two sons today, and my mother ordered the eldest grandson Jingguo to be my younger brother" can further confirm this hypothesis.

In terms of maternal love, Chiang Kai-shek couldn't compete with his younger brother who died young. He was so impressed that he even put it into words, which can explain his strong reaction on both sides.On the one hand, Chiang Kai-shek was naughty since he was a child, claiming that "it is better to be naughty when he starts school at the age of six", which made his mother "teach him tirelessly".This is a subconscious "protest" against the mother's preference, as well as a performance in order to attract the mother's attention or compete for mother's love.And this kind of stubbornness has evolved into a "rogue" character. Chiang Kai-shek's nickname is Ruiyuan, and "Ruiyuan rogue" has long been famous in Xikou village.For example, Fenghua has the custom of distributing sesame candies after visiting the ancestral hall in the old calendar and the new, but when Chiang Kai-shek was a child, he refused to receive the candies in order and wanted to be the first.After being stopped by others, he fell to the ground covered in mud, and then slid into the crowd, so others had to let him take the lead.According to Yuying, the daughter of Chiang Kai-shek's classmate Jiang Zhoulan, Chiang Kai-shek was studying in a private school and did not obey the rules. The teacher slapped his palm, but before he hit him, he fell to the ground and rolled around crying. (See Wang Rizhang and Tang Ruifu's "The Hometown of Chiang Kai-shek", page 27; Mao Bingyue's "Chiang Kai-shek's Grandmother's House--Ge Zhu", page 41; Chen Zhijian's "I used to live with the Chiang family's mother-in-law and daughter-in-law", page 73)

This kind of rascal character has been stereotyped in his childhood, but its manifestations are not limited to teenagers.Even after his prosperity, he went down to the field many times as a threat to retreat, the Xi'an incident after the age of 50, was caught by Sun Mingjiu, sat on the ground and acted shamelessly, and all kinds of political tricks against the acting president Li Zongren after the age of 60 can all be seen in this article. Find the source on his "rogue character".As for his systematic fabrication of history and plundering of beauty throughout his life in order to make himself stand out, it is inextricably related to this character. On the other hand, Chiang Kai-shek's subconscious strong desire to win maternal love is manifested in his unusual admiration, praise and remembrance for his mother throughout his life.When Mrs. Wang Tai died on June 14, 1921, Chiang Kai-shek was buried in Baiyan Mountain, north of Xikou.It is one of the items of traditional Chinese culture that husband and wife should "same cave" after death, that is, to be buried together.Not only were they buried together, but some even had to share the same coffin! In ancient times, there was Yishi, the wife of Meng Zhigang, a Bianliang Confucian scholar. After her husband died, she told the owner of the coffin shop that my husband was buried with a lot of clothes. Please make the coffin an extra-large one. .As a result, the coffin was ready, and she said, "Since my husband is dead, it is okay to share the same coffin with him." She committed suicide.One of the purposes of suicide is obviously to make it easier to share the same coffin. Chiang Kai-shek did not bury his parents together, which is obviously not in line with Chinese culture, and it is obviously not filial.However, according to the propaganda of the Kuomintang, Chiang Kai-shek is a revival of Chinese culture and a filial son rarely seen in history. If this is the case, why did he do this? Chiang Kai-shek himself explained this kind of evil when he wrote "The Story of Ci'an" in October 1922: At the age of Kuichou, my brother Xihou and Zhongzheng were buried in Taokeng in the north of the county. At that time, Mrs. Xianci Wangtai was still alive. She urged my brother and Zhongzheng to say: "After more than a hundred years, there is no need to follow the same customs and rituals. The hole, with the fortifications of Yu's tomb, shocked the spirit of your father, and it should be Yu Ying's other cave.Every time he returned to the province, he was always held accountable for this, and he set up his own tombstone to show his firm will.At the time of Yi Zhen, he thought it was the will of my two brothers.Since Zhongzheng was not able to maintain his full beauty during his lifetime, how dare he disobey the order of his ancestors and blame him! Because at the age of Xinyou, Buji Yulin Ao Zhonglong was the ancestor of Ci'an Zaoyu.Woohoo! The four bright screens look majestic, and the mother's ceremonial pot model can already be looked up but not touched! The rustling and weeping are so loud that people can't bear to hear them. The only thing is the rippling flow in front of the tomb , while the Sanskrit voice in the hall and the Huiyin in front of the court are unheard of.Yonghuai Juyu, Haotian Wangji, touching the scene and feeling sad, only makes the feeling of loneliness and sorrow increase. Follow the Zhaoyu to the east, there is a strange way, you can reach the West Temple of Baiya, winding Pituo, twists and turns like The guts of a sheep go down on tiptoe, can be more than a hundred warriors, the momentum is suddenly flat, looking up at the tomb, it is like a testicle.With two acres of restored land, Jiugong built a tomb with three rafters. My brother Xihou Dongqishi, and my sister-in-law Mr. Shicang Song helped to complete it.The construction was completed in the winter of Guihai, on the occasion of the sixth birthday of Xianci. Zhongzheng returned from a tired tour in Western Europe on this day.The next day, the gods passed down from the great ancestor Qi Zeng to the younger brother Zhou were enshrined in the hall. The meaning of Gan Temple.Zhongzheng young Bing Yixun, long labor leaning on Fujian, once upon a time, the stars were sinking and dew cold, from then on Baiyun Guan, but there is only sadness and compassion.Woohoo! Sad husband! The most important paragraph in this article is that his mother told his brother and him again and again during her lifetime that "there is no need to follow the custom to share the same acupuncture point" after death, which is a flagrant violation of etiquette.The reason for the violation was simply that the tomb at the same point had to be reopened, which would "shock my father's spirit".This statement is far-fetched.In fact, since ancient times, unless husbands and wives died at the same time, if they were buried later, they would always be "shocked" by the first, even if the "shock" is only once, and they will be together for thousands of years, how can they be afraid? "Severe shock" as the reason, strictly prohibiting husband and wife to be buried together? This truth first got its context when we read Chiang Kai-shek's "A Brief Story of the Concubine, the King, and the Wife" dated June 25, 1921.Chiang Kai-shek wrote: The first concubine was known in Lizha for her wisdom since she was a child, and her sisters couldn't catch up with her female celebrities in class, so her parents loved her very much.Come back to me to test first, after my concubine Xu and Mrs. Sun Ertai.Mrs. Xu Tai gave birth to my sister Ruichun and brother Xihou. The first concubine taught Ju Yu, treating them as no different from her own, and she was responsible for the marriage and marriage.Three years after the birth, sister Ruilian was born, and three years later gave birth to my third sister Ruiju, who unfortunately died, and my dead brother Ruiqing was born three years after sister Ju, who was the last of my brothers, and The talent is unique, and none of the older brothers can match it, so the love of my concubine is especially strong.First of all, the test was abandoned and raised, and the first concubine settled the property for the three of my brothers, and the brother was born by the former mother, so I gave it generously.It was less than two years after the division, and Ruiqing's younger brother died.The concubine's grief was deep, and her spirit and body were greatly depleted because of it, and her desire to be upright and self-reliant became even more acute. This is the first time Chiang Kai-shek stated in words that before his mother married his father, his father had wives Mrs. Xu and Mrs. Sun. Now, a screen appears.Since his father had deceased wives Mrs. Xu and Mrs. Sun, under the ranking rules of "same cave", the husband was buried in the middle, and Mrs. Xu and Mrs. Sun were on the left and right. If Chiang Kai-shek's biological mother, Mrs. Wang, was buried together, she had to stand aside. up.Whether buried on the left or right of the husband, there is a woman in the middle.This is probably the real reason why Mrs. Wang Tai did not want to be buried together! This idea was authoritatively investigated and recorded by Zhang Minghao, the headmaster of the Wuling School in Chiang Kai-shek's hometown, who wrote "Chiang Kai-shek at Xikou" in recent years.Zhang Minghao said: During his lifetime, Wang talked to Chiang Kai-shek about his cemetery a hundred years later.Because the tombs of Chiang Kai-shek's father, ex-wife Xu and Sun were buried together in Taokeng Mountain, one mile north of Xikou Town, if Wang's coffin was buried with his father, Wang would have to be inferior to Xu and Sun. It's what Wang didn't want.Chiang Kai-shek suggested to his biological mother to relocate his father's tomb in Taokeng Mountain and join Wang's acupoint alone, but Wang was unwilling to do so.She said resolutely: "Ruiyuan (Jiang's nickname), you must remember, "I will not be buried with my father in the grave in the future. "Chiang Kai-shek is a man full of feudal superstitions. He invited Feng Shui masters from Guangdong and Jiangxi to search for "Longtan Tiger's Cave" and a good cemetery for his descendants near Xikou, and finally chose Baiyan Mountain as his mother's tomb. . Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek was just kind to his mother's life, and he was unwilling to be buried with his late husband and two ex-wives, ranking third.And the specially built tomb of Jiang's mother has a unique scenery-it is located in the mid-mountain with excellent scenery, and Sun Yat-sen was invited to inscribe the tombstone himself.Completed in 1921.After that, another three foreign-style houses were built on the site of the tomb, known as "Ci'an".After the establishment of the Nanjing government, Chiang Kai-shek monopolized the power, just like the emperor, and expanded the "Ci'an" and built a cemetery. "Mother Chiang's Tomb".There are also Chinese and Western residences. There are many stone steles in "Ci'an", which are nothing more than eulogizing the greatness of the mother and son, and expressing the glory of the mother.However, during the "Cultural Revolution", Jiang's tomb was smashed by the Red Guards, and his mother was in trouble because of it.Chiang Kai-shek was "infinitely sad" when he heard about it, and in his second grandson Jiang Xiaowu's letter... he equated the "family feud" of the destruction of his mother's tomb with a "national humiliation", and asked his descendants to never forget it. Chiang Kai-shek's self-proclaimed "infinite grief" situation, Chiang Ching-kuo also mentioned in the April 27th article of "Guarding the Father's Spirit in January": This body lives in Cihu, Taiwan, but this heart is in memory of my grandmother's Ci'an in my hometown.When my father heard...the news of the destruction of the ancestral tomb, he was in great pain. He once came to Cihujiaobanshan to live for a few days. His father named this small building Cihu, which meant to commemorate his grandmother. This equates "Jiang's mother's tomb" with "ancestral tomb", saying that only "Ci'an is in memory".He also built Cihu Lake in Taixiao, and his intention was only to commemorate Mrs. Wang Tai.All this shows Chiang Kai-shek's special affection for his mother. However, he portrayed his mother as a great woman who was willing to let her son sacrifice his life for the country.