Chapter 159 Friend

Liang Qichao and Zhou Shanpei met each other in early October 1989, when the inspector Yanfu agreed to meet in Wuchang. Both Liang and Zhou traveled from Shanghai to Wuchang in the official cabin bought by China Merchants.At that time, Liang was already well-known all over the world, but Zhou Shanpei thought he was a nobody and dared not talk to Liang.After passing Jiujiang, Liang Qichao took the initiative to chat with Zhou, but Zhou was unwilling to talk to him.After that, until Zhou's "Book of Strength" came out, Liang wrote a letter to Zhou, expressing his willingness to make an appointment, and the two began to date.

In 1899, Zhou Shanpei went to Japan for investigation and met Liang Qichao in Tokyo.After meeting with Xie Xi for a long time, Zhou put forward the opinion that Liang Qichao and others should be responsible for the coup, and Liang sincerely blamed himself.At the same time, Zhou Shanpei put forward the conditions for the two to make a friendship, that they should make more mistakes and less rewards for goodness. Liang Qichao immediately accepted it. After 32 years of dating, Liang Qichao was Zhou Shanpei's most frank friend in his life. Zhou Shanpei also used his blunt words to warn I have crossed Liang Qichao countless times.

Once, Zhou and Liang Che talked for three days and three nights. Zhou Shanpei advised Liang Qichao to talk less about protecting the emperor, and to study more if there is a second opportunity for reform, how to learn from the past and work out how to order it. Liang seldom talked about Gongyang studies, but studied Zhou rites more, because China originally had a whole set of political systems and methods, which were all based on Zhou rites.Liang Qichao followed Zhou's persuasion, and he said less about the ram in the future; but he still couldn't let go of the sign of protecting the emperor.

In 1912, when Zhou Shanpei heard that Yuan Shikai had called Liang Qichao to Beijing, he and his teacher Zhao Xi took a boat to Yokohama to persuade Liang Qichao to be careful.Zhou Shanpei said: "To Dezong (Emperor Guangxu) he shouldn't go, and to Yuan Shikai he shouldn't go." Liang Qichao couldn't be persuaded, so he confided the truth: he didn't want to go to Beijing, but Kang Youwei urged him to do it as soon as possible, and he couldn't disobey his teacher's advice. will.In the end, Liang Qichao became Yuan's chief justice. Liang Qichao became the chief justice. Zhou Shanpei believed that Liang still agreed with his point of view in his heart, but he took this wrong step because he believed in the promise of Nanhai Kang.Zhou Shanpei thought, Mr. Ren is very rational, and only by creating a theory can he be diverted.Because Kang and Liang respected Confucius, after much deliberation, they decided to find the most extensive topic from Confucius' books, put forward some timely theories, and prescribe the right medicine to Liang Qichao to save Liang Qichao.Therefore, Zhou Shanpei wrote the book "The Analects of Confucius" in half a year, throwing away all the old theories of the ancient Confucians in Chapter 421 of the Analects, and using the title of Confucius to express his opinions on scolding Yuan Shikai and satirizing Liang Qichao in each chapter.Zhou asked his younger brother Zhou Zhujun to come to Beijing and hand over this written document to Liang Qichao, who asked Liang to read it and write a preface for himself.Liang read the first chapter in front of Zhou Zhujun (in this chapter, Zhou borrowed Li Si and Liu Xin to explain the problem of learning but not learning from time to time, and satirized Ren Gong).After reading it, he said to Zhou Zhujun: "I'm covered in sweat, so I can't read any more. Please go back and thank my brother for me, and just say that I know it. Please allow me to correct my mistakes."

In 1913, after Yuan Shikai captured Guangdong, he asked Zhou Shanpei to serve as the general and patrol envoy of Guangdong, but Zhou declined.Yuan asked someone else to persuade Zhou, but Zhou declined again.The third time, Yuan asked Liang Qichao to send someone to persuade him, but Zhou refused: "Ren Gong may as well serve Yuan, but I think I will never see Yuan." If there is anything suspicious, I am ready to ask someone to remind Liang at any time, and ask him to take precautions, get out early when it is time to get out, and don't get too deep and unable to pull out. Zhou Shanpei predicted in "The Analects of Confucius" that Yuan Shikai would like to add a yellow robe, and he told Liang Qichao his thoughts.So Liang Qichao had been prepared for a long time. When Yuan Shikai's "Preparation Meeting" appeared, Liang Qichao immediately published "The So-called Problems of the National System".After this article was published, Zhou and Liang cooperated further and planned to challenge Yuan.

After Yuan Shikai's death, Zhou Shanpei persuaded Liang Qichao: "Yuan is dead, the politics of the Republic of China is a matter of the revolutionary party, we should close the door and talk less about politics. Friends who talk about politics can only share the excitement, not the loneliness." Liang Qichao At that time, he agreed with what Zhou said, but after begging Yuan, Liang's social status was further improved, and he couldn't calm down no matter what. When Zhang Xun was restored, Liang Qichao came to Zhou Shanpei to join Duan Qirui's horse farm oath.Zhou objected to Liang's going to beg Zhang, and said: "In terms of friendship, I have a little friendship with Lao Duan compared to you. He doesn't know me about other things, but he knows me. He doesn't want to be an official, and he doesn't want to rely on him to share the spoils. And he himself has no brains, and he is surrounded by ordinary people who monopolize power and do not want others to share the spoils. He repeatedly asked me to go to Sichuan, and you persuaded him from the side, but I still couldn't avoid it; how do you take it? How about a person who has no friendship and can't help sharing his rights to work with him?" Ren Gong said: "Old Duan opposes Hong Xian, shouldn't we admire him?" Zhou said: "I also admire him for this One point, so after the end of the Zhaoqing Capital Headquarters, I will still be friends with him." Ren Gong said: "Why can't we work together when we are friends?" Zhou said: "Of course they are two different things. No one infringes on other people's rights as a friend; Once you work together, the issue of rights will come. You can’t even analyze such superficial political interests, so what politics are you talking about? Since you believe that he can work together, I dare not hinder your freedom. I only want to see you sigh at the end Just step down." Zhou Shanpei was right in saying that after Zhang Xun was defeated, Liang Qichao became the Minister of Finance, but he stepped down soon after.

Zhou Shanpei often said to Liang Qichao: "Confucius and Mencius, Su and Zhang both talked about politics. Why are Confucius and Mencius politicians and Su and Zhang are politicians? It is because Confucius and Mencius talked about politics without their own, and only formulated many principled theories, leaving ordinary princes to discuss politics." Listen. Whoever acts according to his theory is his happiness and has nothing to do with me. Whoever doesn’t listen to his words is his bad luck and has nothing to do with me. Suzhang is the opposite, everything is for himself. Whoever listens What he said, that person is beneficial, and he is naturally beneficial; listening to his words is bad, and his officials are deceived, and he is also beneficial. Confucius and Mencius talked about politics all their lives. It's safe. Although Su Zhang has been satisfied for a few days, he has lived in terror all his life, and he will not get a good result in the end."

After Liang Qichao stepped down as chief financial officer, Zhou Shanpei asked him: "You have talked about politics all your life, how many days are you happy?" Liang Qichao could only reply Zhou with a long sigh.After Yuan Shikai's death, Zhou Shanpei persuaded Liang Mo to ask about politics, but he couldn't calm down; after stepping down, without waiting for Zhou to persuade him, he naturally calmed down and began to talk about learning. Zhou Shanpei said to Liang Qichao: "To be honest, a politician who does things, regardless of his power, must leave two things behind when he goes to a place and becomes an official. Li Bing chiseled Lidui in Sichuan, and there are still people commemorating him after two thousand years. This is the first class. It is good that Zichan was cursed in the first half of the Zheng Dynasty and praised in the second half. Even if it is bad like Wang Jinggong , to this day, there are still people who admire his spirit of doing things, and he can be called a politician. If you can't leave one thing to remember when you are an official, you can only be called an official, not an official, let alone a politician. Liang replied angrily: "Don't you know that you can't do things today?" Zhou smiled and said: "Didn't you know that you can't do things today?"

Zhou Shanpei summed up Liang Qichao's political career: "Ren Gong has extremely passionate political thoughts and extremely vertical and horizontal political theories, but he has no political methods, especially no politician's courage." Zhou Shanpei said to Liang Qichao: "The Chinese people who have been sleeping for a long time have been awakened by your pen. I don't need to compliment you. However, there are two realms in writing an article. The first is that it can move people. After reading your article, there is no one who is not touched. Yes. You have achieved the first step. The second is to keep people. Sima Qian has been dead for nearly two thousand years, and there are still many articles in "Historical Records" that people never tire of reading. How many articles have you read, just think about it, not to mention that it is not easy to read a hundred times, but how many articles can you read twice or three times?"