Chapter 146 Praise

Huang Kan's evaluation is that of his teacher Zhang Taiyan: "The literary diction is a collection of the great achievements of Qing Confucianism; the inner classics and metaphysical words explain the legacy of the Jin and Tang Dynasties; and he is good at both comprehensive and comprehensive, and he is truly a great Confucianist in the world." Pu Qingquan, Chen Duxiu's cousin, recalled: During his study in Japan, Chen Duxiu and Zhang Taiyan often passed by. Chen Duxiu admired Zhang Taiyan's "Pu Xue" and considered him a "national treasure". "I also appreciate him very much, and regard him as a "friend of fear".Chen Duxiu said that Zhang Taiyan was very stingy. Friends borrowed money from him and paid interest when repaying it, but he accepted it without shame; he was a money-hungry person.In Chen Duxiu's eyes, Zhang Taiyan in his later years was a typical example of "literati without practice".

Chen Duxiu said: In his later years, Zhang Taiyan wrote epitaphs and longevity prefaces for warlords and bureaucrats. An article cost 5,000 to 10,000 silver dollars, which became vulgar.Chen Duxiu also said that although Zhang Taiyan had a deep understanding of Chinese literature and history, he had a ridiculous prejudice, that is, Zhang Taiyan believed that oracle bone inscriptions were forged by people in the Song Dynasty.It can be seen from this that Zhang Taiyan is ignorant of oracle bone inscriptions and emerging academics. Hu Shi called him "the leading general in the academic history of the Qing Dynasty".

Xu Shoushang commented on Zhang Taiyan in the "Biography of Zhang Taiyan": "Build the foundation with simple learning, expand with metaphysics, criticize culture, have unique insight, all the news of ancient and modern politics and customs, the sentiment of social literature and wild, the meaning and meaning of Huafan sages, East and West What scholars say is to observe its benefits and diseases, to know its changes, to observe its understanding, and to know its meaning. "The secret of thousands of years can be seen in a dawn." There is no second person in academic history, so he is called a master of Chinese studies."

Xu Shoushang also said: "Mr. Mr. Zhang, the first teacher, was a great revolutionary and a master of Chinese studies. Righteousness, cutting off the crowd', perseverance, nine deaths without regret, and then the scholars and people admired it, and followed the trend. It was created with difficulty in the Republic of China, and it is actually a meritorious service." Yu Youren praised Zhang Taiyan and said: "Zhang Taiyan, a great writer in modern China, is also a giant of revolutionaries." Zhang Zhongxing commented on Zhang Taiyan's "general impression: in terms of knowledge, he is profound and strange; in terms of personality, he is upright and strong".

Liu Yazi once praised Zhang Taiyan: "The tragic song is overwhelming, this is the Chinese Mazzini (a famous Italian bourgeois revolutionist)!" Xu Fuguan said: After reading his "National History and Balance", he always expressed a kind of inexplicable admiration between understanding and not understanding.In 1944, I once had a chat with Mr. Xiong Shili. Mr. Xiong said that apart from good writing and a little knowledge of elementary school, Zhang had no knowledge.I also heard that when Mr. Xiong was in Hangzhou, he saw Zhang’s article on Buddhism, and wrote the four characters "Your fart".Later, I bought a copy of "Zhang's Series", read it from beginning to end, and felt that Mr. Xiong's words were really good.Once, I talked with Mr. Mou Zongsan: "I never imagined that Mr. Zhang Taiyan's understanding of traditional Chinese thought is so childish." Mr. Mou didn't take my words seriously at the time.During the summer vacation last year, Mr. Mou borrowed Zhang’s works from Sun Kekuan to read, and then said to me: “It’s really too childish.”… Therefore, people who talk about Chinese culture with Mr. Zhang Taiyan as a symbol have already talked about it. I've come to a dead end.So for decades, the pros and cons of Chinese culture have been fighting in a dark alley. ... Pointing out that Zhang's ignorance of the realities of Chinese culture makes him an extremely harmful idol of a master of Chinese studies, which is entirely correct and worth pointing out.

Hu Shi said in "Chinese Literature in the Past Fifty Years": "Zhang Binglin's ancient literature is the first writer in fifty years. This is beyond doubt. But his achievements are only enough to make an honorable end for ancient literature. It cannot save the mortal disease of ancient literature, and it still cannot achieve the great cause of "take what is left behind for a thousand years, and vice versa." Yuan Shikai promoted Zhang Taiyan as a literary sage. Cai Yuanpei commented on Zhang Taiyan: "Among the masters of Chinese studies in this era, the one who earnestly studies philosophy and obtains a standard to criticize various philosophies is Yuhang Zhang Binglin."

Liang Qichao commented on Zhang Taiyan: "There are many essences and meanings that have not been invented by Qian Jia and other elders. Using the orthodox research method to expand its content and expand its new path is really a great success for Binglin (Zhang Taiyan). Binglin It is very reasonable to use Buddhism to explain Laozi and Zhuangzi. Although there are conflicts in the book "Qiwu Lunshi", it can indeed open up a new country for those who study "Zhuangzi's philosophy". It cannot be limited by Qing studies, and its influence has been enormous in the academic world in recent years."

Liang Qichao called Zhang Taiyan the "Dragon Army" of the orthodox school of Qing Dynasty in "Introduction to Qing Dynasty Academics". When Lu Xun recalled his teacher Zhang Taiyan, he said: I love to read this "Minbao", but not because of Mr.'s ancient style of writing, to solve the embarrassment, or to talk about Buddhism and talk about "divided evolution", but because of his struggle with Liang Qichao, who advocated protecting the emperor. Fighting against the "××" ×××, and the ××× who "thought the key to becoming a Buddha" is really invincible and fascinating.It was also at this time that I went to listen to the lecture, but it was not because he was a scholar, but because he was a learned revolutionist. So until now, my husband's voice and smile are still present, but the "Shuowen Jiezi" he lectured is not. I don't remember a word.

Lu Xun said: I think Mr.'s achievements are actually greater in the history of revolution than in the history of academics. Zhang Kaiyuan said: "The status and role of Zhang Taiyan in history is not mainly in politics. Looking at Zhang's life, his main career is in academics, and his contribution to the nation is also in academics. He cannot be said to be a A politician, especially not an excellent politician. He has the honor of participating in the democratic revolution, and also has the backwardness of being out of the mainstream of the revolution, but he has been a sincere patriotic scholar and great thinker throughout his life. .”

At that time, many people praised Zhang Taiyan's knowledge, but Zhang Taiyan thought that politics was better than academics. His disciple Zhou Zuoren said in "Xie Benshi" that Mr. "I thought politics was his specialty, and learning literature and art was just a pastime when he was frustrated."But Huang Kan disagrees with Zhang's self-positioning, and believes that the teacher's political discussion is "using his shortcomings". Hou Wailu said: "Zhang Taiyan's discussion of China's academic and cultural heritage is very rich. He is the last master of the ancient classics and literature school, and at the same time he is the one who broke up the Confucian tradition. The development and changes of his thoughts and his contradictory character reflect the Chinese culture. The dialectics of the development of modern history."

Huang Kan said in "Mr. Taiyan's Actions and Records" that his teacher Zhang Taiyan: "He taught people Chinese studies, saying that the country unfortunately declined, and the learning continued. .So diligent and conscientious, not afraid of hard work." Liu Mengxi said: "Looking back at the entire 20th century, if there is a master of Chinese studies, Mr. Zhang Taiyan deserves it all." Wu Peifu once compared Kang Youwei and Zhang Taiyan and said: "They are all my friends. They have similar personalities, but different achievements. Nanhai is old, and he is the leader of the emperor; Taiyan is young, and his talents are beyond Nanhai. Into the revolution. Let it change places, the South China Sea can be Taiyan, and Taiyan can also be the South China Sea. After the death of the good man, there will be no more scholars in China. Although there are many disciples of the two, they are not enough to inherit their careers. " Cao Juren said in "Memories of Mr. Zhang Taiyan": "He is going to be the teacher of the king (Akutagawa Ryunosuke)". After Zhang Taiyan passed away, Chen Huan said to people: "From then on, people who don't know me in the world, Taiyan knows me, and I also know Taiyan. Lu Jianzhang said that Taiyan wrote an article, which is better than a hundred thousand soldiers. This is against Taiyan. I think that one word of Taiyan is enough to determine the safety of the world!" Feng Zixi's eloquent chapter Taiyan: "The army has collapsed on Bagong Mountain, and the pity for the authorities is heavy and worrying, and the shame is not forgotten. The Prime Minister Wang; He Zixi advocated the collapse of the National Assembly, and lamented that the people are withering in this day, and they are sad to be the survivors of the Han Dynasty." Chen Huan's edict Taiyan: "Includes the grand ceremony, neatly a hundred schools, no age is worth a dragon and a snake, a thousand-year-old Xiuming monarch is better than Zheng; people are called three monarchs, the country promotes an old man, resists Yan Cheng's arguments, and the world knows Liu in Beihai." Lianzhong compares Zhang to Zheng Xuan, a great scholar in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, and Kong Rong, the prefect of Beihai who outspokenly violated Cao during the Three Kingdoms period. Xu Shoushang put Zhang Taiyan's writings together and made them into an elegiac couplet: "Inner cloud is the prose of Confucianism and ink, and outer cloud Xuanzang's art of righteousness and purification. Focus on subtlety, study exegesis; there is no obscenity of political parties at the top, and work at the bottom. Cowardly spirit. The first is to uphold great friendship and cut off the flow." The first couplet used Zhang's "Mr. Rui'an Sun's Sorrow" and "Han Weiyan", and the second couplet used "Answer to Tieshu" and "Yu Wang Yi Tang Shu" . Qian Xuantong Wan is the teacher Zhang Taiyan: Cangshui Ning people Taichong Jiangzhai's legacy and revolution, the barbarians Rongdi determined to eradicate, was arrested seven times, and detained for three years, he was able to expel the emperor and restore China, The people of the country are dying, and it is sincerely appropriate to cast a bronze statue of Shi Jixun; Zhuangsheng Xunqingzi's eldest uncle embodies Taoism, literature, history, Confucianism, and profound research. He has written 20 books and lectured for 30 years. I hope to support it. Minyi, carry forward the ethnicity, the sky is not hanging, the pain has been silent since then, and the righteousness has never been heard. Lu Xun commented that the words of his teacher Zhang Taiyan are particularly wonderful: "Testing his life, he used a large medal as a fan pendant, and stood at the gate of the presidential palace to criticize Yuan Shikai for harboring evil intentions. There is no second person in the world; seven were hunted down, three were imprisoned, and There is no other person in the world who is unyielding in his revolutionary ambition; this is the spirit of the sages and a model for future generations."