Chapter 139 outspoken

In 1906, Liang Shuming was admitted to Beiping Shuntian Middle School. There were not many students in the class, but there were hidden dragons and crouching tigers. Later, three university students came out: Zhang Shenfu, Tang Yongtong, and Liang Shuming.Liang Shuming's self-study progress in all subjects exceeded the teacher's classroom teaching progress.He has read a lot of extracurricular books, and his Chinese composition scores are often among the best.Liang Shuming likes to write essays that reverse the verdict, and he never falls out of the cliché, which won the appreciation of his Chinese teachers.

Liang Shuming sang the most shocking anti-tune at Peking University. During the "May 4th" student unrest, the students were outraged and united with the enemy. Liang Shuming expressed his views in the "National Gazette": "My meaning is very ordinary. I would like to see the student incident Pay the court to handle it, and I am willing that the prosecutor’s office will file a public prosecution, and the trial office will try and convict, and the students will obey the sentence and plead guilty.” He also pointed out that there are too many students and the students “can turn themselves in one by one.”His reasons were, "In principle, wounding people is an active crime," and "Even though Cao and Zhang committed heinous crimes, he still has freedom when he is not convicted of the crime." Liang Shuming said this based on his longing for a society ruled by law. However, the students could not forgive him, so they wrote many anonymous letters warning him to be careful.

Once, Mr. Cai Yuanpei and several professors were going to study in Europe and the United States. The faculty held a farewell party, and some of them made speeches.Mr. Liang Shuming heard this kind of remarks from several people, so he asked everyone: "Just now you have the same hope for Mr. Cai and other gentlemen, but I really want to know what you mean by bringing Chinese culture to the West. What is it? I don’t ask about Western culture, but what does the so-called Chinese culture refer to?” No one answered at that time. After the meeting was over, Mr. Hu Shi and Mr. Tao Menghe smiled and said to Mr. Liang Shuming: “You The questions raised are very good, but the weather is very hot, so it’s difficult for everyone to use their thoughts.” Mr. Liang Shuming thought to himself, most people like to say nice and polite things, if they don’t know what Chinese culture is, why bother to talk about it!

Liang Shuming believes that the greatness of Chinese culture is none other than the greatness of human reason.The lack of Chinese culture is not a lack of reason, but a lack of rationality and culture. Liang Shuming, who insisted on "only speaking, not acting", had a face-to-face dispute with Mao Zedong in 1953 over the issue of the general line. He asked Mao to be "magnanimous".Since then, he has become an "old athlete" in all sports. Liang Shuming said: "In the Chinese tradition, what should be changed has long been changed, what should not be changed will never change, and these Chinese traditions that will never change will lead the world." He believes that China has those who can contribute to the world, There are only eight words: "Life is upward, ethics and friendship." And this is the foundation of world peace.

Liang Shuming once wrote a couplet: "Love is beyond words, and the writing period will be known to later generations." In 1970, when the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference discussed the "draft constitution", Liang Shuming disapproved of including Lin Biao as his successor in the constitution. During the "Criticize Lin Criticize Confucius" movement, when everyone criticized Confucius, Liang Shuming said: Confucius lived between 2500 years ago and 2500 years later, and he himself inherited the past and ushered in the future.He also said: "First, Lin Biao has no line. He is a ghost, has no personality, and cannot be a human being! Second, Liu Shaoqi and Peng Dehuai have a line. They have their own public ideas for the future of the country and the nation. Mistakes are just seeing things differently or seeing things wrongly. Now select their wonderful expositions and organize them later.  …”

In February 1978, the National People's Congress and the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference met simultaneously in Beijing. An important part of the meeting was to formulate a new constitution.At the CPPCC meeting, Liang Shuming fired again: "My experience is that the constitution in China is often a dead letter, and the country is governed mainly by the rule of man, not the rule of law... the rule of law, the rule of law, the rule of law, the concept of various laws from top to bottom, everyone They are all very indifferent. As for the rule of man, it has been used to for many years... China has gradually changed from the rule of man to the rule of law. Now it is a turning point. In the future, it will gradually rely on the authority of the Constitution and the legal system to rule the country by law. This is the trend of historical development. No one can stop China's future."

In 1980, relevant parties held a symposium on Luo Longji's 90th birthday. The real meaning was to affirm his achievements in history and evaluate his life comprehensively and openly.Almost all the speakers at the meeting reviewed Luo Longji’s contributions to the country and the nation in different historical periods from different perspectives, but no one pointed out his faults, let alone the fact that he was classified as a rightist in 1957 .Liang Shuming was one of the last few who asked for an impromptu speaker.He is 92 years old, has no manuscript, speaks clearly, and speaks for more than ten minutes.He said at the beginning that everyone is remembering him, and several people at the beginning talked about his contributions and advantages, which sounds mostly true.But I think, as an old friend, it might as well mention some of his shortcomings when remembering.No one is perfect, and he is no exception.In my decades of contacts, I even feel that his shortcomings and weaknesses are very obvious, and he has not improved much.What I'm talking about is that he often thinks too much about personal gains and losses, and sometimes expands to the point where it is difficult to control.For example, he became a rightist in 1957. Whether he was really a rightist or not, let’s not talk about it for the time being, what he said was that his actions in 1957 were an exposure of his personal weakness, and he suffered from it.If it wasn't for his desire for profit, I'm afraid he wouldn't be so carried away.After the anti-rightist movement started in 1957, when many people were saying that he was worthless, I thought in my heart that he had done a lot of good things for the nation, so I didn't say a word.Today, when everyone is thinking about all the good things he has done in his life, I feel that it is necessary to mention his shortcomings, his weaknesses, and his shortcomings.I thought this was the complete him, and I could see everyone's self completely from now on.My words may not be in tune with you, but speaking frankly to an old friend, as an old friend, and for myself, there is nothing wrong with it.

When Liang Shuming met Feng Youlan in his later years, he said: "It is the deepest sorrow that Chinese intellectuals have neither independent status nor independent personality!" When the doctor asked him what he wanted, Liang Shuming said, "I'm very tired, I want to rest." After saying that, he died with his eyes closed.From this, Zhang Dainian thought: "It's a great death! The gentleman is restless."