Chapter 13 Chapter Thirteen Eternal Hometown
The hometown is always in Jin Yong's heart. In the 1950s, he worked for "Ta Kung Pao", and his affirmation of the new regime did not change because of his father's murder.In the article "Miscellaneous Talks on Dance", he said, "Since the Han and Tang Dynasties, my country has not really had the style of a great country until today (Song and Ming Dynasties are too weak and too small)". The article "Ma Yuan Sees Han Guangwu" also has the meaning of borrowing the past to praise the present.
After "Ming Pao" was founded in 1959, Jin Yong emphasized neither left nor right, and was absolutely neutral. However, his editorials were mostly critical of the "Great Leap Forward", the People's Commune, and criticism of Ma Yinchu's population theory. For example, on August 9, 1959 "Man Will Conquer Heaven, Heaven Will Conquer Man", and "The CCP Has Dissolved the People's Commune?" on August 26 ", "Great Leap Forward or Great Leap Retreat?" on August 31 ". On April 18, 1960, he said in the editorial "Ma Yinchu and China's Population":
The size of the population is related to the prosperity of the entire country and is an extremely important century-old plan.
Whether or not Mr. Ma will be the president of Peking University has little to do with this matter, but it is a top priority for the mainland to increase its population by 12 million to 15 million every year.
During the "Cultural Revolution", Jin Yong paid more attention to the current situation in the Mainland every day, and wrote a large number of editorials, many of which were sharp criticisms.
After 1971, Jin Yong's views on the political situation in the interior gradually changed.In October of this year, Beijing entered the United Nations. In 1972, China and Japan established diplomatic relations. In the same year, US President Nixon visited Beijing, and the situation in the mainland began to change. "Ming Pao"'s editorial has gradually increased its affirmation of the mainland. On April 17, 1971, the editorial "Pursue stability first, freedom second" said:
We do not fully agree with all the domestic and foreign policies of the CCP, and believe that some measures are worthy of criticism, but recently it has adopted a friendly and cooperative attitude towards foreign governments, which is beneficial to world peace, the Chinese people, and Hong Kong. The stability of the situation.On this point, we applaud.
On January 29, 1972, he said in the editorial "Being the Readers' Eyes, Eyes and Mouthpiece":
Since its establishment on May 20, 1959, the attitude of speech has always been consistent. Sometimes it is polite to the CCP and Taiwan, and sometimes it is harsher. It is by no means a change in our position, but a change in the policies across the Taiwan Strait. The reason.Before the "Cultural Revolution", during the "Cultural Revolution", and after the "Cultural Revolution", the attitude of this newspaper is different, because the policies are very different, we basically just reflect the views of the readers.
We have the opportunity to speak freely and express our feelings on behalf of hundreds of thousands of readers in places where the political forces on both sides of the Taiwan Strait cannot govern.If those in power think that some Chinese people overseas are talking nonsense, they can ignore it as much as possible. If they can learn the opinions of some Chinese people from this, it may be a fool's catch, and there is some reference value.At least the opinions of our hundreds of thousands of people have been expressed.Criticism, although it may sound harsh, and although there may be many mistakes in it, is always more valuable than blind praise.
At that time, the world-renowned Italian film director Antonioni filmed a documentary "China". The whole film is full of indifference and lack of excitement. There is a sentence in the opening title that this is a "country without anxiety and urgency". On June 5, Jin Yong published an editorial titled "No Anxiety and Urgency" in "Ming Pao", saying that in the travel notes or conversations of foreigners and foreign Chinese who visited the mainland in recent years, we clearly realized that their love for China Future, with regard to the joys and sorrows of the Chinese people, almost without exception expresses "no worries and urgency".He believes: "The most important thing is the opinions of the people of the country, because they know their own lives the most clearly and are most concerned about the future of their own country. Second, the opinions of Chinese people living overseas are worth paying attention to, just like us. For these people, we still have some hope that they may go back to the mainland to live and live in the future, and they have a "feeling of worry and urgency" about everything in China." The mood of "worry and urgency" comes from "love" " and "caring" feelings.
After failing to seek a job in the north in 1950, Jin Yong went to Shanghai and Hangzhou in 1953, and took a group photo with his classmates Zhu Yingying, Shen Dexu and his younger sister Zha Liangxuan in the Sixth Park of West Lake.He also went to Guangdong several times in a short period of time, to Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Foshan, Conghua, Xinhui and other places. The last time was in 1962, during which he went to the mainland eight times in total.
In 1973, after Jin Yong’s visit to Taiwan, he looked north to Shenzhou and was even more nostalgic:
Twenty-four years have passed, and the scenery of my hometown is still the same, but the personnel and affairs are completely different.Maybe it has become better, maybe we don't like this change, but when we dream back at midnight, there will always be nostalgia.This feeling is the same for those of us who came to Hong Kong from the mainland.Those who are wandering overseas will inevitably have thoughts of their hometown.
But at that time, there was almost no possibility of him returning to the mainland.
On September 9, 1976, Mao Zedong passed away. Jin Yong predicted that the situation in the mainland would change, and published "Great Changes, Inevitable", "There will be gradual changes, not sudden changes", "Military aspirations determine success or failure", "Attitudes of various places become more important " and a series of editorials.
From October 13th, before and after the news of the arrest of the "Gang of Four" was confirmed, he successively published editorials such as "Major Events Happening in Beijing", "Future Changes, Still Many". On the 18th, he said in the editorial "Down with Jiang Qing, Celebrate with the World": "Over the past 27 years, there have been few political changes in mainland China that have received such universal and sincere support from the masses. Even in the world, no country has responded to I don't like this."
In his editorial on the 20th of that month, he defended Deng Xiaoping, saying that the dismissal of Deng's party vice chairman and vice premier was "a resolution passed by the Politburo, which is inconsistent with the party constitution and the constitution." On July 6, 1977, "Ming Pao" reported that Deng Xiaoping would come back. From mid-to-late July, he successively published editorials such as "Deng Xiaoping Takes Important Positions" and "Deng Xiaoping Ranked Second": "Deng Xiaoping resumed seven positions in the party, government and army, and his reputation is so high that he has achieved it all his life." No, there is a faint tendency to surpass Hua Guofeng. He has talent and reputation, and he is full of cronies and former ministries in the party, government, army, and local areas..."
In December 1978, "Ming Pao Monthly" launched a special page "Deng Xiaoping and China's Political Situation", with a total of five articles. In March 1979, there was another "Special Feature of Deng Xiaoping's Visit to the United States".
Jin Yong is full of expectations for the mainland.
In 1980, in Taiwan, he talked about the relaxation of the mainland's trend in literary and artistic creation. "China is big! How can a big China be driven by the will of a few people and turn the clouds upside down? The situation is naturally inspired and confirmed by people's hearts. From literature and art or philosophy and metaphysics, we can get a glimpse of some history. With the beginning of development, people will inevitably move towards the ideals of freedom, enlightenment, tolerance and democracy step by step. According to my personal observations in the past three years, the general psychology of the people on the mainland has the above inclinations and trends. At least they have publicly recognized Taiwan for 30 years. Economic success. That, in a way, is the foundation of progress."
On June 16, 1981, he asserted in the editorial "The History of the Communist Party of China Opens a New Page" that the Sixth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China will mark the official end of the transitional period since the defeat of the "Gang of Four."A month later, he was invited to visit the Mainland, and the itinerary was arranged by the Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office of the State Council, the Hong Kong Branch of Xinhua News Agency, and China Travel Service.Twenty years later, Jin Yong finally set foot on this land that haunts his dreams.
On the morning of July 18, Deng Xiaoping received Jin Yong in the Fujian Hall of the Great Hall of the People.Among the leaders of the Communist Party of China, the one Jin Yong most wanted to see was Deng. During the "Cultural Revolution", Deng Xiaoping was overthrown, and the reports, comments and other articles of "Ming Pao" often revealed injustice. On September 27, 1966, the headline reported that Deng was criticized: on October 22, it reported that the Red Guards posters publicly named Liu and Deng to step down; Peng Zhen is "Three Family Village". On December 10, Jin Yong pointed out in the editorial "If Peng Zhen is tried, the intention is Liu Deng": "Peng Zhen has long been brought down, ruined, and the public trial is just an act of 'smelling'. The real purpose is not even to make it bad Peng Zhen, but the public trial of Peng Zhen, aimed at Liu Deng. Kill chickens to make an example to monkeys, and tell those "foolish comrades who have been blinded" to surrender to the leftists quickly and not to follow Liu Deng faction." On October 26, the supplement of "Freedom Talk" published " I hope Liu and Deng faction wins", this is also his wish.
On April 13, 1973, "Ming Pao" reported the news of Deng Xiaoping's comeback.The next day he published the editorial "Deng Xiaoping is Vice Premier Again". In 1976, Deng stepped down again and was criticized. Ming Pao reported extensively about his experience.
On July 25, 1977, not long after Deng came back, he praised Deng as "capable and strong, and his tenacious character, of course, will not change."Deng Yi was one of the two contemporary figures that Jin Yong admired most. When the mainland criticized Deng fiercely, he once heard people say that Deng’s reaction to the criticism was: "Deaf people are not afraid of thunder." Hit, a dead dog is not afraid of boiling water."
Jin Yong admired Deng Xiaoping's toughness very much, and thought that such a strong and unyielding character was like a hero in his martial arts novels. "Being strong alone is of course not enough...you have to insist on the correct idea regardless of your own honor, disgrace and safety. I am very honored." This is not a false courtesy, but Jin Yong's true thoughts.
Because I was a few minutes late, Deng Xiaoping had already greeted Jin Yong and his family at the door. When Jin Yong followed Deng into the hall, Deng praised his martial arts novel: "It's very good, and I like it very much. I read these few pages every day! He replied: "That's of no value, let's treat it as entertainment!" Deng said: "It's very good to talk about Chinese heroes!" Heroic.Deng said: "I am a little deaf in the right ear, please sit on my left." After sitting down, Deng said: "Mr. Cha, he has been well-known for a long time. "Ming Pao" often has unique opinions, but some of them, We can't agree." He replied: "Yes. Some views are different."
That day, Jin Yong was wearing a suit and tie, while Deng Xiaoping was only wearing a white short-sleeved Hawaiian shirt. He said to him: "The weather in Beijing is very hot this year, so you should get rid of your coat. I'm a rough man, so I wear this kind of clothes to meet guests. We don't have to wear it." Proceedings." So Jin Yong took off his coat.
Talking about the personnel changes at the Sixth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China not long ago, Jin Yong said: "Vice Chairman Deng could have been the chairman, but you insisted not to do it yourself. Such a thing that does not pay attention to personal status has a long history in Chinese history and world history. They are all very rare. This is very admirable." Deng replied:
Fame, I already have it, what more fame do I need?Everything has to be seen from a distance, it's not good to see things up close.
I'm in good health and don't have any illnesses, but after all, I'm getting old, and now I can only work eight hours a day, and I'll be tired after a long time. ...
Those of us who are leaders should not be too busy. The busier we are, the worse things will happen.
Jin Yong said: "Traditional Chinese political philosophy hopes that the country's leaders will be 'quiet and inactive'. Of course, Communists cannot 'do nothing', but must 'do something'. But it is good for leaders to have a quieter mind and a quieter job." Deng Reply:
Those who are leaders should not come up with too many ideas.If the consideration is not mature and new ideas come out constantly, the whole country will often be in chaos.It is bad for politicians to have too many ideas.A quiet and peaceful leader is good for the country and good for the people.
You "Ming Pao" wants me to be the president of the country.To be the president of the country is not without qualifications.But I still want to live a few more years and do more things for the people of the country. Once I become the president of the country, I am afraid that my life span will be shortened.At present, there are more than 120 countries that have established diplomatic relations with China. Every year, the heads of state of many countries visit China, and the presidents of the countries have to see them off, receive them, and hold banquets. These entertainments take a lot of time and energy, and they are very complicated. Too much is very tiring.
Jin Yong said: "Yes. Many years ago, during the 'Cultural Revolution' period, I wrote several editorials, hoping that Premier Zhou Enlai would save energy and pay attention to health. For example, when Sihanouk came to Beijing, Premier Zhou always went to the airport to welcome him. It is not necessary to hold a banquet and toast." On August 19, 1972, his editorial "People First, Foreign Guests Second" stated: "Zhou Enlai is an old man in his seventies. It consumes physical strength and energy, and if it is like this for a long time, it will always be unable to support it.... Foreign guests should not let him take up too much time and energy.... It is better for him to rest and entertain himself, doing nothing, than day and night Receive foreign guests endlessly."
During the meeting, Deng Xiaoping politely asked Jin Yong: "Mr. Zha is doing news work and has come into contact with many people. What do you think of us?" He said frankly: "The main opinion is that we hope that the current policy can be implemented for a long time without changing it. Everyone is a little worried that the current policy will not change suddenly in the future after being implemented for a period of time. Because there have been too many changes in the past, people cannot rest assured." Deng said: "That is right. The main opinion of the people in China is also the same. "
One is a CCP leader who has experienced many ups and downs, and the other is a journalist who has often written about politics for more than 20 years. The conversation between the two is candid, without diplomatic rhetoric, and there is no obscurity, although there are differences. Opinion.Speaking of the "Cultural Revolution", Deng said: "The CCP made major mistakes in the past. Now we criticize ourselves and correct our mistakes. It is very important to admit and correct mistakes by ourselves." "Before the 'Cultural Revolution', the party had a lot of Weixin, everyone believes in the party, listens to the party, and is very disciplined. At that time, economic adjustment was also carried out, and more than 20 million young people were sent to the countryside. There is no party." Jin Yong didn't think so: "I think there is more or less coercion in this matter." "Although the party is powerful, it may not be admired and loved. It is best to use material encouragement and preferential conditions Wait to make people willing to do anything." But he didn't say it to his face.
At the end of the conversation, Deng Xiaoping said to Jin Yong: "In the future, you can come back often and look around, preferably once a year." He kept sending it outside the hall, and stood and talked for a while.
Jin Yong was the first compatriot from Hong Kong that Deng Xiaoping officially met alone in the Great Hall of the People. The news program of CCTV broadcast the news that night, Xinhua News Agency and China News Agency all reported it, and news media around the world also reported the news. Hong Kong and Macau newspapers even reported the incident as headline news, causing a sensation.He said: "I agree with everything Deng Xiaoping said, from the bottom of my heart."
Based on his memory, he organized the conversation that day into an article, and published it in the August 25 issue of "Ming Pao" and "Ming Pao Monthly" under the title "Record of the Conversation of Deng Xiaoping, Vice Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China". In "A Journey to China—Interview with Mr. Cha Liangyong", the reporter asked him what he thought of Deng's propositions and policies, and he replied:
He values reality and does not believe in dogma, which should be the key to overcoming various difficulties.His "white cat and black cat theory" is well known.
"Ming Pao Monthly" September 1981 issue
The reporter asked: "Do you think the policies implemented by Deng Xiaoping are the only way to solve various problems in China?" He replied:
This depends on looking at the problem from various practical conditions.First, I believe that there is currently no other political force in the mainland that can replace the leadership of the CCP.Second, I believe that it is impossible for China to implement Western-style democracy within a few decades. Even if it is possible, it may not be beneficial to the people of the country.Third, I personally agree with China's implementation of enlightened socialism. Generally speaking, this is more fair and reasonable than the extreme wealth inequality in a Hong Kong-style fully laissez-faire capitalist society.However, personal freedom is far from enough in the mainland. The Communist Party lacks efficiency in economic management and cannot liberate the people's productive forces as much as possible.Personally, I am in favor of continuous reform step by step, and I don't believe that an earth-shaking revolution can solve the problem.Under these specific conditions, Deng Xiaoping's policies were much better than those of the CCP at any time in the past, and much better than those of the communist countries such as the Soviet Union, Poland, East Germany, and North Korea.I sincerely hope that, following the current path, China will finally be able to put aside the dogma of Marxism-Leninism, the dictatorship of the proletariat, and Mao Zedong’s various terrorist political movements, and build China in a pragmatic way. People's own socialism will make the Chinese people happy and free.
This is the only one-on-one meeting between Jin Yong and Deng Xiaoping. Deng has always been his "truly admired hero and hero". In 1992, he told Jiang Yiqiao (Tao Jie) in London, "Although Deng Xiaoping is a Communist, he has never been a dogmatist, and has always had the practical attitude of a Chinese." "Deng Xiaoping was very well versed in human feelings and sophistication. The so-called human feelings are nothing more than various complex relationships in Chinese society; worldly sophistication is nothing more than a summary of various historical experiences." When Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997, he recalled Deng Xiaoping's smiling and confident life. With an expression on his face, he couldn't help the tears streaming down his face, and his heart was full of grief.He said: "Mr. Deng Xiaoping must be a great figure in the history of China and the world. In my mind, he is a very respectable hero and statesman. He is a rare great man in Chinese history."
In Jin Yong's eyes, Deng Xiaoping has always been "a great talent with a high vision and admiration for generations to come."On the 100th birthday of Deng, some people in Hong Kong questioned and criticized Deng's "vision of governing Hong Kong".Since he met Deng twenty-three years ago, he has had a deep affection for Deng, and he can't help admiring and admiring Deng. He felt obliged to explain the truth to Deng and prove Deng's "greatness of opinion." Said: "Mr. Deng Xiaoping created 'one country, two systems' in Hong Kong, involving economic and social systems, and the scale was beyond the reach of the Han and Tang Dynasties. The peaceful transition of government, the change of government, and the long-term planning are far superior to those of the predecessors."
The first purpose of Jin Yong's trip to the mainland was to meet with Deng Xiaoping. Liao Chengzhi, who facilitated the meeting, was the son of Liao Zhongkai, the leftist leader of the Kuomintang. In October 1966, Liao Chengzhi, then director of the Overseas Chinese Affairs Working Committee of the State Council, went to Zhanjiang, Guangdong to visit the returned overseas Chinese. Both Xinhua News Agency and China News Agency reported on it, but the content of the reports in Hong Kong leftist newspapers was quite different. "Ta Kung Pao" published "China News Service, Zhanjiang, 17th" on October 18, entitled "Liao Chengzhi arrived in Zhanjiang to report to the returning overseas Chinese: 'Chairman Mao Premier Zhou expresses condolences to you'".The report quoted Liao Chengzhi as saying: "Premier Zhou asked me to visit you and tell you that Chairman Mao cares about you very much. Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou greet you." There is no mention of Zhou Enlai in the main title or the six-line subtitle. The "New Evening News" report used the Xinhua News Agency's manuscript, quoting Liao Chengzhi: "Our great leader Chairman Mao, his close comrade-in-arms Vice Chairman Lin Biao, and Premier Zhou Enlai asked me to bring you my greetings. You have worked hard What's even more strange is that the next day "Wen Wei Po" and "Ta Kung Pao" simultaneously published a "Revised Announcement", stating that "his close comrade-in-arms Lin Biao Vice President".
Jin Yong realized that this small report contained a lot of articles, and on October 23 published an editorial "Liao Chengzhi?China News Agency? ":
It is worth noting that the two state news agencies of the CCP reported the same event on the same day, why are there major differences in content?Did Liao Chengzhi mention Lin Biao's name?
Jin Yong believes that if Liao Chengzhi didn't mention Lin Biao's name at all, then Liao Chengzhi would inevitably be a little "bullish" (the aura of ghosts and snakes is also there).If he mentions Lin Biao's name but China News Agency omits it on purpose, then China News Agency has committed a "heinous crime" (Propaganda personnel in several provinces of the CCP have been accused of "heinous crimes" because they failed to convey Lin Biao's instructions in time ”), or Liao Chengzhi, or the China News Service (or its main person in charge), one of the two will be liquidated soon.
Sure enough, news of Liao Chengzhi's criticism came out on October 29, and "Ming Pao" reported on the headline on November 1 with a headline.One of the charges Liao Chengzhi was charged with was to alienate the relationship between Zhou Enlai and Lin Biao, and deliberately did not mention Lin when condolences to overseas Chinese.Liao Chengzhi, who is in charge of overseas Chinese affairs, had the opportunity to read Ming Pao, and wondered if he had noticed this editorial. In 1981, Liao hosted a banquet in Beijing for Jin Yong's family. During the meeting, he said: "Mr. Cha's editorials are well written, and he often has some unique opinions, but we do not agree with some of them." Jin Yong replied, "I wrote editorials. At the time, I didn't think about whose standards I should meet, I just wrote my views on things according to my own principles and positions, so differences on some issues are inevitable."
It was the eve of the Sino-British negotiations to resolve the Hong Kong issue. Talking about the future of Hong Kong, Liao Chengzhi said that maintaining Hong Kong's prosperity and stability is very beneficial to the development of China's economy.Once the Chinese government takes back Hong Kong, it will respect the choice of the Hong Kong people and let the Hong Kong people govern Hong Kong. What the Chinese government wants to take back is Hong Kong's sovereignty.Although Jin Yong has commented on the future of Hong Kong in "Ming Pao" many times, but this is the first time he has discussed this issue face-to-face with a senior CCP official. Unexpectedly, what Liao said coincides with his thoughts.When Liao Chengzhi hoped that he could give full play to the influence of "Ming Pao" when he returned to Hong Kong, reflect the Chinese government's policies and positions on Hong Kong, stabilize Hong Kong people's emotions, and contribute to the return of Hong Kong in the future, he immediately made it clear that he had the responsibility and Obligation to contribute to the smooth transition of Hong Kong through Ming Pao.
Twenty-eight years have passed since the last time I returned to Shanghai and Hangzhou. Relatives rushed to Hangzhou from all over the country to meet Jin Yong. On the evening of July 18, people saw footage of Deng Xiaoping meeting with him on CCTV's news program.The reunion of brothers and sisters after going through many vicissitudes is the biggest happy event for the Cha family in many years.Although during the "Cultural Revolution", many relatives suffered. A younger brother was tied up and beaten for several days in the factory.A friend's daughter was beaten to death by the Red Guards when she was 13 and became an idiot. She is now 28 years old.The world is impermanent, the joy of reunion heals all scars, and the painful past melts away in the blink of an eye.The younger brother Cha Liangyu recalled the "meeting of brothers thirty-three years later" in this way:
One day at the end of July, my little elder brother sent me a telegram: Brother Mao, we will meet in Hangzhou on ×.Then, I received the travel expenses from my little elder brother.
In early August, I took my two children to Hangzhou.Thirty-three years!When we met, we all threw ourselves at each other. The excitement of meeting flesh and blood cannot be expressed in words. My little elder brother and I hugged each other and have not been separated for a long time.In the few days in Hangzhou, my little elder brother and I always seemed to have endless things to talk about. ...our conversations often continued late into the night...
Jin Yong met the painters Huang Zhou and Huang Yongyu in Beijing. He wanted to see Bai Hua at first, but he didn't see him when he went to Chengde.Huang Yongyu worked with him when he was the beauty editor of "Ta Kung Pao". He returned to the mainland in 1953 and taught printmaking at the Central Academy of Fine Arts. During the "Cultural Revolution", he was criticized by the whole country. Emotion.
During this trip, Jin Yong and his family traveled all over the Great Wall, north and south, as far as Xinjiang, and visited many places that he had longed for.The magical and beautiful Tianshan Mountains, the vast Mongolian grassland, and the desert filled with yellow sand...all appeared in his novels, but they were just fugues and imaginations on paper, and he had never been to these places.The Great Wall, Xinjiang, Tianchi, and Lanzhou in China, the ancient city of Gaochang in China, the endless grasslands of Mongolia where Guo Jing grew up, the leisurely flocks of sheep, and the yurts floating like mushrooms...all these seem familiar, like a dream , now that it really appeared in front of his eyes, Guo Jing's face was still so clear.
The day was approaching evening, and when they reached the side of a big mountain, the girl raised her head and suddenly screamed.Chen Jialuo followed her gaze, and saw two strange flowers as big as sea bowls growing on the cliff halfway up the mountain. The petals were green and surrounded by snow, which was reflected in the white and the golden light of the setting sun. It was delicate and gorgeous. , Wonderful.The girl said: "This is the most difficult snow lotus to come across, smell the fragrance." Chen Jialuo really smelled the faint sweet fragrance, and floated down from the cliff, the flower was about twenty feet away from the ground, It is still so fragrant and fragrant, which shows the strong fragrance of flowers.The girl looked at the two flowers, and left reluctantly.
This is the snow lotus in Tianshan Mountain that Chen Jialuo first met Princess Xiangxiang and picked snow lotus for her.More than 20 years later, when he came to Tianchi for the first time, several Uighur children held real Tianshan snow lotus in their hands. He laughed and said, "Oh, so it is like this." This is a dried snow lotus, far less beautiful than in his novels.
In Beijing, Jin Yong climbed the Great Wall, and the scorching summer did not stop his interest.He has also been to Xi'an, Chengdu, Chongqing, took a boat to Yichang via the Three Gorges, and from Wuhan to Shanghai and Hangzhou, and visited 13 cities successively.He once studied in Chongqing, and also experienced the pain of being out of school.He started his lifelong newspaper career in Hangzhou "Southeast Daily", and Shanghai "Ta Kung Pao" was an important turning point in his life.Thirty years later, these old tourist places have returned, and things have changed.He did not lose his professional sensitivity when climbing mountains and facing water.Everywhere he went, he got in touch with the local people, talked with them, learned about their lives and aspirations, and their expectations for the country and leaders.
After returning from a 33-day trip to the mainland, when a reporter from Ming Pao Monthly asked what impressed him the most during the trip, he “discovered that the CCP, from top to bottom, no longer exaggerates and brags, and talks more about its own shortcomings than achievements.” . In 1973, he came to Taiwan for the first time, and this is what impressed him the most.
The changes he felt, "The most important thing is that people's sense of fear has been greatly reduced. In daily conversations, people have no scruples to express their dissatisfaction. The second is that all kinds of annoying suspicions and political measures are minimal. People’s Liberation Army with live ammunition is no longer seen at airports and train stations patrolling back and forth. There are no restrictions on taking pictures, and there is no need to print them before they can be brought out. Chairman Mao's article, but light music, including Taiwan's "Alishan Girl", "Olive Tree", etc., and even Christmas music of 'Jinglebells, jinglebells'".
Talking about the lives of ordinary people in the Mainland, “Generally speaking, the living conditions of the people in the Mainland are quite difficult, especially the living conditions. I went to the homes of seven or eight old friends and relatives, and they all lived in poor conditions. Very disturbing." "The food supply has been greatly improved. Food stamps are no longer effective. Most food can be bought in the free market. You still have to queue up to buy vegetables and meat in the state-run vegetable market. Clothes are no problem. Everyone rides bicycles for transportation. The biggest The difficulty seems to be housing."
"Intellectuals are also very excited, mainly because there is no political movement, no such thing as purge, struggle, and liquidation, they can study freely, and the authorities encourage reading."
The September issue of "Ming Pao Monthly" published "A Journey to China——Interview with Mr. Cha Liangyong" and the record of the conversation between Deng Xiaoping and Jin Yong. All of them were sold out within three days of publication. Sold out, third reprint on September 13th.Jin Yong’s editorials, novels, and articles of other genres over the years are highly valued and popular. This time he has traveled to various parts of China and returned. Of course, everyone hopes to hear what he saw, heard, and thought. It will be republished in three editions , not surprisingly. "It was sold out, which also proves that everyone really cares about China, and wants to know how intellectuals who are familiar with the political situation in China and foreign countries think about China's today and tomorrow."
When Jin Yong visited Taiwan for the first time, his novels were "banned" on both sides of the strait, and only high-level leaders on both sides of the strait had "privileges" to enjoy. "What do you think is the common reading material of Deng Xiaoping and Jiang Jingguo?...The answer is Jin Yong's novels." When he recounted the "secret" he heard, he had a particularly bright smile on his face.
Even people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait who are very politically opposed, people from the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, who can't agree with each other at ordinary times, agree on Jin Yong's novels and love to read them.Mr. Deng Xiaoping, the supreme leader of China, may be one of the earliest readers in the mainland who came into contact with Jin Yong's works. According to his wife, Ms. Zhuo Lin, Mr. Deng returned to Beijing from Jiangxi in the late 1970s and asked someone to buy a set of Jin Yong's novels from abroad. , I like reading very much. ...According to sources in the Taiwan press: The leader across the strait, the former chairman of the Kuomintang Central Committee, Mr. Jiang Jingguo, also loved reading Jin Yong's works during his lifetime, and he often had a set of Jin Yong's novels by his bedside.
Since October 1980, the "Wulin" magazine in Guangzhou has been serialized, marking the landing of Jin Yong's martial arts novels. On the first day of publication, more than 40,000 copies were sold, and they were printed quickly. "Wulin" became the best-selling magazine in Guangzhou.However, the serialization stopped after the fourth chapter, because the pirated book has been released. On July 26, 1981, "Ming Pao" reported "Guangzhou is the first to lift the ban on martial arts novels".
Jin Yong's trip to the mainland and his meeting with Deng Xiaoping opened up a new situation in the relationship with the mainland. The most obvious change is that the editorial of "Ming Pao" has fewer and fewer critical words.It was also from this time that he was full of optimism towards the whole of China:
Optimistic about mainland China, optimistic about Taiwan, optimistic about Hong Kong, that is, optimistic about the whole of China.I think the current basic policy of economic development in Mainland China is correct, but the people should gradually have more freedom and more opportunities. ...
In the past, the policies of the CCP and Taiwan were not very good, or even bad. I did not agree with them on both sides.Now I feel that the policies of both sides are improving, and some people say that I have "both sides have the same source".In fact, a man has nothing to ask for from others, so what do he need to please and cater to?
Since the 1960s, Ming Pao's coverage of China has been authoritative and influential.After the meeting between Jin Yong and Deng Xiaoping, "Ming Pao" further strengthened its coverage of the mainland, and enjoys the privileges granted by the Beijing government. China News Agency provides "Ming Pao" with news from China every day. "Ming Pao" has the right to choose, not every article All manuscripts are used, and if adopted, they can be reported under the name of "Newspaper Special News".Even the leftist Wen Wei Po and Ta Kung Pao did not have this privilege.As a result, various speculations have been raised as to whether "Ming Pao" has any unusual relationship with Beijing officials?Has it changed its usual neutral position?Under such circumstances, Jin Yong reiterated the credo of running a newspaper:
In the environment we live in, we have the conditions to be eclectic in the content of newspapers and periodicals, try to appreciate the benefits of any side in terms of opinions, try to "be kind to others", and have the conditions to live independently without asking for others. ... In short, try to be ashamed of your heart and fulfill your responsibility as a reporter.
But the outside world is still talking about it. A Hong Kong magazine published an article saying that Jin Yong had successfully run a newspaper and bought a lot of real estate in Hong Kong. His assets were huge, and he was reluctant to give up. He was also afraid that the Communist Party would take back these properties in the future, so he changed his position to please some people. On the one hand, in case the situation changes, you can keep your property.Jin Yong retorted: "That's really looking at people through the cracks of the door, and looking down on people. If the situation really changes, can you keep your wealth if you 'please' it? Are you qualified to comment on the current situation of the world?"
On May 20, 1983, Jin Yong issued a statement in the form of an editorial, "Freedom and Objectivity, Never Change—The 24th Anniversary of Publishing", repeatedly promising that "the style of freedom and objectivity will never change":
We have a firm wish: we will never be sorry to the old readers of "Ming Pao".If the environment changes and conditions change, Ming Pao will no longer be able to maintain a free and objective style, and we will close the door immediately. ...
We don't believe the situation is going to get any worse.The current pragmatic line of the CCP is beneficial to the Chinese people, and in the long run, it is also beneficial to Hong Kong. ...but things often have unfortunate twists and turns that are unexpected and unexpected.What if the extreme leftists of the CCP are restored and Hong Kong people lose their freedom and the rule of law? What about Ming Pao? Of course, "Ming Pao" ceased publication, and those of us who ran the newspaper would flee if we could, and if we couldn't, we would live in silence and live a day-to-day life.Before that, every day we published, we worked hard to safeguard the freedom and rule of law of Hong Kong people.
In 1984, he explained again:
We are not criticizing without principle. For example, the Communist Party cannot be said to be useless. If what it does is also wrong, the regime will collapse in two or three days, and it will not develop to this day.It also has its reasons, and one should not oppose it based on one's own prejudice.We only act on the principles of seeking truth from facts, impartiality and objectivity.
This series of stances calmed down the public opinion's criticism of him for a while, but caused another disturbance when Ming Pao's column "Hagong Weird Theory" was suddenly cut in half.Ha Gong, formerly known as Xu Guo and Xu Zibin, was born in the Philippines in 1933 and came to Hong Kong in 1951, from Quanzhou, Fujian. In the late 1970s, he began to set up a column "Hagong Weird Theory" in the supplement of "Ming Pao", attracting many readers with sarcasm, laughter and cursing. 1984年5月25日，香港电视播出邓小平怒斥耿飙、黄华“不在香港驻军是胡说八道”的新闻后，哈公写了一篇《八道胡说》的怪论，《明报》压下不发，于是他罢写九天。 1985年9月1日，“哈公怪论”再次出问题，有媒体披露金庸有短简致哈公，示意“哈公怪论”不能再写了，而哈公称，“不是示意不能再写，而是示意要'炒鱿鱼'。”10月4日，金庸亲自执笔，以“明报编辑部”名义在原来“哈公怪论”位置刊出《关于》逐一辩驳，哈公对此则有八处亲笔批注。 《明报》副刊的“哈公怪论”从此没有恢复。 1986年1月28日，金庸在《什么是言论自由？ 》社评中辩称：
《明报》以前对中共的政策猛烈抨击，近年来却赞扬多而抨击少，这并不是我们自律了，而是根据理性的判断，以前中共专制横蛮的政策必须予以抨击，目前中共开放改革的政策值得赞扬鼓励。 ……近来我们对中共的批评比较温和而婉转，主要是对事而不对人。This is a fact.因为，我们认为这是在支持开明改革路线，在反对保守顽固路线。
后来，《明报》开辟“自由论坛”版，“哈公怪论”又有了一席之地。1987年2月因一篇怪论被压，哈公第三次罢写，“哈公怪论”最后消失。
20世纪80年代，中国新闻占了《明报》的三分之二篇幅，“特约通讯”栏经常刊出徐铸成等名家的文章。经高层批准，《明报》可以在中国境内限量发行，虽只限于党政机关、宣传文化机构订阅，但《明报》毕竟悄悄地进入了内地，几年后发行量突破一万份。1989年6月11日，金庸在社评中称：“过去几年中，《明报》能有限度地不公开进口，高层和中级干部、大学教授讲师和研究生，报刊的编辑人员有机会天天看到。我们希望能带进外界的讯息，帮助能影响中国前途的人士多了解世界真相，把中国带上富强康乐的道路。尽管我们的作用很小，总觉得是努力在为国家民族尽一己之力。”
1984年9月26日，中、英两国就香港前途问题，在北京草签《中英联合声明》。两个多星期后，金庸再次应邀访问北京，这一次安排他与中共中央总书记胡耀邦会面。10月19日，中共十二届三中全会即将举行，主持会议的胡耀邦抽空在中南海与金庸会面，在座的还有中央书记处书记胡启立、中共中央办公厅主任王兆国等。胡耀邦一见到他，便热情地说：“很欢迎你到北京来！……香港的朋友们以前见过几次，个别会见谈话的，你是第一位。”胡耀邦将55岁的胡启立、42岁的王兆国介绍给他。
胡耀邦谈到当天上午在民主党派人士会上讲的话：
若说哪一个人“无比英明”，我说言过其实。你说我们比较“开明”，可以。开明是开，开放是开，广开言路是开，开诚布公是开，开创局面也是开。英明还加上无比，就不那么合适了。
他接着说，“我们开创这个局面不外靠小平同志说的三条，一靠正确的政策，二靠集体，三靠有远见，有长远打算，要提拔年轻干部，关心下一代”。
胡耀邦透露“四人帮”还活着，每天看电视、看报纸，国庆节在电视上看了阅兵游行。“江青看了电视，她说邓小平那么健康，真没想到。她说她和邓小平本来没有什么大的分歧，只是小问题上有分歧（众大笑）。她是顾左右而言他。”说到华国锋、汪东兴，“他们不同，他们打倒'四人帮'有功，不过错误也不少”。“他们还是坚持那一套，想搞第二次英明领袖。华国锋现在的待遇比我高……我们总结了历史经验，对犯了错误的同志，生活待遇不降低，子女不受影响。”
金庸问及：“海外人士担心，推行藏富于民的政策，不可避免会发生有人钱多有人钱少，一部分人富，一部分人穷，社会上不免会有矛盾。中央对此有什么考虑？”胡耀邦让胡启立做了回答之后又补充说：
这里有一个引导的问题，也有政策问题，不着急。中国还有贫困地区，我们还给予补助和救济。宪法规定，劳动力不是商品，可以付给一定的报酬，保持较好的待遇，但劳动力不能买卖，不能变成人身依附关系。这就根本不存在劳动力的剥削问题。“生产致富”与“剥削别人劳力”是两回事。我们社会主义的经济体系是不会受到冲击的。
谈话结束，胡耀邦说：“查先生明天不走吧？明天中午简单广播，后天早上可以拿到我们三中全会决议全文。欢迎你下次再来，全国没有去过的地方，可以到处去看一看。”
初次见面，胡耀邦坦率、热诚、开朗的个性，给金庸留下了难忘的印象。
这次到北京，金庸还想看望罗孚，罗于1981年以“间谍罪”判刑，当即假释安排在北双榆树的一套住宅。金庸向接待他的中国围棋协会主席、国家体委主任李梦华提出这个要求，被婉辞推掉了。
当年金庸与左派圈子交恶之后，老同事只有罗孚有胆量与他保持联系。在双方阵营视若敌国的年代里，仍维持了“人的交往”。以后，当罗家遇到困难时，他也伸出过友谊之手。
金庸对内地充满了美好的期待。1986年1月，《明报月刊》二十周年，他在《丙丁之岁》一文中说：
中华民族在经历了苦难的“文化大革命”之后，眼见正在逐步走上治平的正轨，希望在今明两年之中奠定不易之基，从此兴旺发达，永无变乱——“变”当然是要不断地变，然而是越变越好，变而不乱。
胡耀邦是邓小平之外，金庸最心仪的中国领导人。三年后，胡耀邦去世时，他写下充满感情的社评《致力改革、正直诚恳、深得人心》：
然而中国成千上万老百姓，尤其是知识分子，对他着实有一份敬爱和亲厚的感情。与其说他是作出了巨大的贡献和功绩，因而使人爱戴，不如说由于他对开放和改革的热诚与坚持，坦率性格之可亲可爱，感动了千千万万中国普通人民的心。 ...
胡耀邦是成功的，他赢得了海内外无数中国人的感佩和敬仰。
那年4月22日金庸的社评又说，“胡耀邦的作风和主张，令他成为青年人心目中的爱戴人物”。
1993年3月18日，金庸应国务院新闻办、港澳办、新华社香港分社的邀请，再次来到北京。第二天下午，中共中央总书记、国家主席、军委主席江泽民在中南海与他见面时说：“我们年纪都差不多，也都是在胜利（引者注：指抗战）前后和解放前上的大学，都经历过民族和国家的艰危困苦，有许多思想感情是共通的。我读你的政论文章，有些地方能起共鸣。”临别时，江泽民送了十七本书给他，包括《浙江文化史》《浙江地名简志》《浙江方志源流》《浙江民俗研究》等，都与他家乡有关，其中有一本《两浙轶事》，江泽民笑着说：“这里面有一篇关于你中学时代的事，很有趣，说到你在中学时给训导主任开除的经过。”
此行金庸最大的感慨之一是，中国不再把阶级成分作为任用干部的决定性条件，上大学、分配工作、婚姻、考核等许多方面，也已不再计入阶级成分的因素。“这个干部政策的大改革，是在胡耀邦手里完成的。中共对此一直不作什么宣传，其实这件事重要之极。”他想到自己的家庭出身，外交官之梦因此破碎，认为一个人因出身不好而受歧视，终生不能与别人平等，那是最大的违反人权。“中共取消阶级成分制度，是十年来在人权问题上所作的最大改进，欧美国家对此全然缺乏了解。”
胡耀邦的音容笑貌长留在他的记忆当中，离京之后，金庸到山东东临渤海的最尖端“天尽头”游览，见到两块胡耀邦题字的碑，一块是“天尽头”三字，另一块是“心潮澎湃”四字。风景管理处要他题字留念。他想起当年胡耀邦豪爽而毫无保留的谈话，想起胡对国家所作的贡献以及正直的性格，写下这几句话：
天尽头，地尽头，东望沧海水悠悠。追忆胡耀邦，心潮澎湃不能休。
Notes: ，85、135页。参考刘国重新浪博客《读金时代》。
Notes: ，85、135页。参考刘国重新浪博客《读金时代》。