Chapter 52 8. When meeting for the first time, Yang Du believed that Sun Yat-sen was an upright man

For a period of time, Yang Du was busy with various gatherings of the international student community in Tokyo, reporting on the process of returning to China to contact gentry and businessmen in Hunan and lobbying Zhang Zhidong, which often won rounds of applause from young students.Yang Du was very proud, so he devoted more enthusiasm to the study of constitutionalism.He studied relevant works of famous Western scholars day and night, such as Rousseau's "On the Civil Contract", Mendes chicken's "Essence of Ten Thousand Laws", John Mill's "Principles of Liberty", Spencer's "Representative Government". ", Huxley's "Evolution," and Darwin's, etc.He compared and analyzed Western discourses with China's current situation, devoting himself to thinking and groping, trying to choose the best state system for his country and formulate a set of constitutional laws that best suit China's national conditions.He often feels very tired and sleepy, but once he remembers that he is working on the careers of Xiao He, Chen Ping, Bismarck, and Ito Hirobumi, he immediately cheers up.Occasionally, he would remember the piece of worship brick that Jingzhu gave him, and the story of Princess Miaoyan, and his emotions would be even more inspired.

Slowly, a clearer blueprint appeared in his mind.He believes that the only way to save China today is to create a government that is responsible to the people, and the key to creating this responsible government lies in the establishment of a parliament and a responsible cabinet; the basis for establishing a responsible cabinet is a mature political party in the country , like the Democratic Party and the Republican Party in the United States, the Labor Party and the Conservative Party in the United Kingdom, but there is no such political party in China.Although there are many Shantanghui parties, they are all ignorant and backward groups without systematic and clear political opinions and strict organizational discipline.Although Huang Xing and Liu Kuiyi's Huaxinghui had a rudimentary form of a political party, the uprising did not start, had no political influence, and did not have the conditions to govern.However, time is not waiting for us, and we cannot wait for a fully qualified political party to talk about the responsible cabinet.For this reason, Yang Du took a lot of thinking.Later, he envisioned a transitional approach, that is, to build a non-party cabinet first, that is to say, the prime minister and ministers in the cabinet are all officials rather than party members.This stage may be called the government of an infant constitutional state.Furthermore, a half-party cabinet is implemented, that is, the prime minister and ministers of the cabinet are composed of political parties and bureaucrats.This stage can be called the government of the transitional constitutional state.Furthermore, the executive party cabinet is implemented, that is, the cabinet is formed by the political party that has won the majority of votes in the parliament. The prime minister is the party leader, and all ministers are members of the party.This stage is the complete constitutional government, that is, the real responsible cabinet.

The first step in the construction of this blueprint is to urge the imperial court to open a parliament quickly.The representatives attending the Congress should truly have the characteristics of the people. Only a Congress with the characteristics of the people can formulate a constitution that conforms to the interests of the people. Only a constitution that conforms to the interests of the people can restrain the responsible cabinet. Only a constrained responsible cabinet can lead the country well. After deliberating over and over again, Yang Du felt that his party-cabinet system was the best solution to save China.

He told Liang Qichao this plan.Liang Qichao praised his plan for its exquisite design and steady pace, but it did not completely match the actual situation in China.Liang Qichao believed that the Chinese people were still uncivilized as a whole, and had a strong sense of slavery derived from ignorance. What they expected was to live under the rule of a wise emperor, that is, Wang Dao, and did not want to be in charge of their own families. A strong desire to call the shots.This is the biggest difference between China and Western countries, and the biggest similarity with Japan.But Japan's national education is far higher than China's, so Japan can also implement a constitutional monarchy.As far as China is concerned, it is better to have a constitutional monarchy than a republic; it is better to be enlightened and autocratic than a constitutional monarchy.Therefore, the best solution to save China is enlightened autocracy.

However, Liang Qichao still believed that Yang Du's ideas had much in common with him, and he was willing to organize a political party with Yang Du and promote Yang Du as the party leader.Unexpectedly, Liang's idea was firmly opposed by his teacher Kang Youwei.He scolded Yang Du's constitutional plan for the emperor, which in essence emptied the emperor, and would eventually degenerate to the point where he would be worse than a beast without a father or a king.He also said that Emperor Guangxu was a sage monarch. As soon as Emperor Guangxu was restored, he could implement reforms, grant the people the right to discuss government affairs, and grant the people freedom and democracy.He claimed that he was deeply favored by the emperor, and he could only do his best to fight for the restoration of Emperor Guangxu in his life, and he had no other thoughts.Kang Youwei finally reprimanded Liang Qichao and Yang Du for betraying him by forming a party, and supporting Yang Du as the party leader was especially intolerable.

Although Liang Qichao was very dissatisfied with his master's overbearing, and the ideological gap between them had become wider and wider, he still did not want to break openly with his master, so he had to give up.Yang Du also didn't want to get involved with this stubborn royalist leader. He planned to run a newspaper of his own, and use this newspaper to recruit comrades to form a group that was different from the Kangliang royalists and Sun Huang's revolutionary factions. new party. This afternoon, when he was thinking about it again, a cheerful voice came from outside the house: "Mr. Xizi, do you see who is here?"

It was Qian Huizi who came in with the voice, and a middle-aged man was walking beside him.With a smile on his face, the man took the initiative to walk forward and said heartily in Cantonese Mandarin: "Mr. Xizi, you don't know me!" While speaking, a hand stretched out.Yang Du hurriedly went forward, holding the future man's hands tightly, and looked at him intently. This man is not tall, well-proportioned, with a square face and regular features, especially a pair of slightly sunken eyes that are very bright and radiant, giving people the impression of openness, sincerity and wisdom.He has a broad mustache on his upper lip and short, Western-style hair on his head.He was wearing a dark blue striped suit and a brown tie sprinkled with small flowers.Wearing a pair of spotlessly polished Western-style black leather shoes.

Yang Du felt that this person had both an extraordinary elegance and an easy-going personality, but he had never met him.He said repeatedly: "Long admiration, long admiration." He warmly greeted the guests to sit down. "Mr. Xizi, let me tell you!" Qian Huizi introduced with a smile, "He is the famous Mr. Sun Yat-sen!" "Oh, you are Mr. Sun Yat-sen!" Yang Du quickly stood up, stretched out his two hands again, and held Sun Yat-sen's hand tightly. "Your name is truly impressive. I've been looking up to you for a long time. I'm so sorry!"

Sun Yat-sen said with a smile: "I came to visit you because of your reputation. I never met you twice. Today is the third time. I finally see you!" "I'm really sorry, I've been back to China for three months." Yang Du sat down opposite Sun Yat-sen. "Mr. is a legendary figure. I have wanted to visit you many times, but your whereabouts are uncertain and I can't find you." "Mr. Xizi, you went back to China to urge Zhang Zhidong to come forward to fight for the sovereignty of the Guangdong-Han Railway, and you did a great job. Congratulations."

"Where, where!" Yang Du was modest, "The pressure of public opinion and the funding from patriotic gentry and businessmen are the main reasons why the Guangdong-Han Railway was able to take back its own management." Sun Yat-sen said: "This is certainly true, but your personal contribution must also be taken care of." "Mr. Zhongshan," Yang Du smiled, "to tell you the truth, if I hadn't seen you with my own eyes today, I really wouldn't have believed that you are so elegant and handsome." "Really?" Sun Yat-sen laughed. "The Manchu court called me, You Lie, Chen Shaobai, and Yang Heling together the four bandits, and offered 100,000 silver for my head. The common people thought I was a robber, and some newspapers even painted me as a black face and red eyes. Said that I slept in the tiger's den and ate human flesh."

Yang Du also laughed and said, "I haven't seen this painting. I imagined you as a big man with five big arms, a broad waist and a round waist, who can beat more than ten people with your bare hands." "Hahaha!" Sun Yat-sen smiled happily. Seeing that they were so close when they met for the first time, Qian Huizi was also very happy in her heart, saying: "It seems that you have a lot to talk about, let's talk about it later. A few high-class men came to Yokohama yesterday. Japanese style kimono, I bought a set for Mr. Xizi." As Chieko said, she took out a neatly folded kimono from the exquisite sheepskin bag she carried with her.It is made of iron-gray British fine wool, and it is very well-crafted and luxurious.Both Yang Du and Sun Yat-sen felt very good.Chieko was very happy when she got the compliment, and said, "Put it on, it will look better on you!" As he said, he shook off his clothes and put them on Yang Du's body with his own hands.Yang Du put his hands into his sleeves, straightened his waist, and it really fit him perfectly. Sun Yat-sen looked at it carefully: "Mr. Xizi looks more chic in this kimono." Qian Huizi stood in front of Yang Du, bobbing up and down: "This is more like a refined Japanese scholar." Yang Du was a little unhappy when he heard this. "An elegant Japanese scholar" is by no means his goal in life.Thinking of this, he said to Qian Huizi: "Okay, that's it, I'll take it off!" While talking, she took off her clothes and handed them to Chieko.Seeing Yang Du put on this kimono full of her love, Qian Huizi took it off without even going to the dressing mirror, and felt a little unhappy.She took the clothes and said to Sun Yat-sen, "Let's talk about it. I'll help grandma prepare dinner." "Miss Qian Huizi, thank you for your hard work!" Sun Yat-sen was not polite at all, just like Yang Du's temper. "Mr. Zhongshan, I heard that you accepted Western civilization when you were very young." Yang Du, deeply influenced by Chinese traditional culture, has benefited a lot from Western writings in recent years. The feeling of narrow countryside and wide world in Dezhen seems to have come again.For this reason, he was very envious of Sun Yat-sen's experience. "When I received Western education systematically, I was already thirteen years old, which is not very young, but it is still early compared to many Chinese people. This is thanks to my hometown and my family." Sun Yat-sen's tone slowed down At this point, he fell into the memories of his childhood life. "My hometown is in Cuiheng Village, Xiangshan, Guangdong. It is not far from the sea, and across the sea, there is Macau. Cuiheng Village has beautiful mountains and clear waters, and the scenery is beautiful. Many rich people who have made their fortunes in Guangzhou and Macau are very happy here. It is also close to the city, and villas are built on the side of the village. So although Cuiheng Village is small, it has a lot of connections with the outside world, and the people living in Cuiheng Village are not ignorant. Most of them go to the United States and Southeast Asia. I went to the United States to dig gold mines, and some came back with a lot of money. My two uncles went to the United States to dig gold mines when they were young, but they disappeared after they left. I found out later that one died on the way and fell into the sea and drowned. The other died in the mine and was stoned to death. The two aunts stayed at home as widows all their lives. One aunt was very clever, She has never been out of the village, but she knows many interesting things outside. She has never given birth to a child, so she treats me very well and treats me like her own son. I always remember a story she told me when I was young." "She said that a man who made a fortune digging gold in the United States often talked about his travels overseas. There are also mountains and waters overseas, which are similar to our Cuiheng Village, except that there is a lot of gold there. There is also a kind of indigenous people, The hair is fiery red, and he called them the red men. The red men specialize in robbing other people's gold and killing people. Once, he and three other companions passed a remote place with a few small gold pieces. He heard that the The red man was very violent, so he said to the three partners, we divide the gold into two parts, and put a small part in our pockets to give to them, and put the majority in our hair, so they can't find it. But the three partners didn't listen, Put all the gold nuggets in his hair. Sure enough, some red men came with shining big knives. He walked in the front. The red men searched his pockets, found gold, laughed, and took the gold away , let him go. The other three people, because the gold was not found, the red man was very angry, so he killed them. Although I was young at that time, I heard the story told by my aunt, and I also felt that the gold digger Very smart and inspired at heart." Yang Du looked at Sun Yat-sen intently and listened silently.This story of Sun Yat-sen's childhood is very philosophical.Many people in the world often lose the big because they can't understand the relationship between trade-offs.He thought that if the gold digger was allowed to be in power, he might be a very smart politician. "Because of the lessons learned by two uncles who died abroad, my father never went abroad. He only lived in Macau for two or three years when he was young, and learned to be a tailor there." Sun Yat-sen continued, "Macao is a world of flowers, Portugal People built it into a place for pleasure-seeking, and many people called it paradise. The Portuguese built houses with red walls and green tiles one after another, and laid turf on the open spaces. Under the sunshine, Macau is like a paradise. A green leaf, the red and green houses are like glowing gems embedded in the leaf, and the turquoise blue water becomes the edge of the leaf. There are large-scale brothels, casinos, and smokehouses on Macau Island, where string music plays and sings all night long. Some people Tell my mother, when your husband comes to Macau, he will be fascinated by the money and pleasure there, and will not return to Cuiheng Village. My mother is also a little worried. But within three years, my father came back after learning the craft. People are surprised He said that although Macau is prosperous, the tranquility of Cuiheng Village is more attractive, not to mention that this family can't ignore it. My father's love for his hometown and his sense of responsibility for the family have won the respect of the villagers. Everyone said that he was a good husband and a good father. My father valued this very much. He said that if a person does not get the respect of the village, he has a golden mountain. What is the use? Now, my father has passed away for many years .” When Sun Yat-sen said this, his tone was very low, full of nostalgia for his father.This kind of emotion deeply moved Yang Du, who lost his father in his early years.He felt that he had never mentioned his father in front of others, especially in front of strangers whom he met for the first time, and he would never have such emotions.Is it because my father is indifferent in my impression, or is it because I lack pure and filial nature? "My eldest brother is fifteen years older than me. After he became an adult, he was dissatisfied with the small world of Cuiheng Village and insisted on going outside. My parents couldn't resist, so they had to agree. My eldest brother left his hometown with a few people to go to A year later, the family received a letter from his eldest brother. The letter said that everything was going well for him in Honolulu, where the land was fertile and the products were plentiful. The farming techniques he learned in his hometown played a role, and the crops he managed Much stronger than the local aborigines. My parents were delighted that my elder brother had gained a firm foothold. I had been attending a private school in the village and read the Four Books and Five Classics that all Chinese children should read. At the age of thirteen, my elder brother suddenly came back from Honolulu Yes. The whole family greeted him as a hero. Three members of our family went abroad, two of them died, and only the elder brother came back alive and became a rich man. His wealth is not only in money, but also in the experience of doing things. He told everyone about Honolulu , Talking about the wonderful golden sandy beach, the indigo-colored sea water, the surging waves on the seashore, the endless spring water, and the purple mountain protruding into the warm sea water. I was fascinated by it, and I must go to Honolulu with my elder brother. But my parents did not agree, and it was not until the second year that my parents agreed that I would go with more than a dozen people from the same village. I remember that the boat I was on was called the Grano. It was the first time I went abroad, and everything was very new. When I arrived in Honolulu, my elder brother asked me about my impressions What is the deepest thing? My answer made my brother wonder. I said that the most impressive thing is the big iron beam on the ship. Foreigners can make such a big iron beam and weld it so well that it can bear the weight of the entire ship. , The technology of foreigners is amazing." As soon as he said this, Sun Yat-sen laughed.Yang Du felt that Zhongshan's expression was poetic and his language was extremely charming. "When I arrived in Honolulu, my elder brother sent me to a school run by Americans. This was the beginning of my Western education." Sun Yat-sen stopped talking, picked up his teacup and took a sip of tea.This remark aroused Yang Du's great emotion.Yang Du is naturally friendly, likes friends, and his forthright personality is the main reason why he has won the love and trust of many friends.He is open and honest with his friends, and he is often proud of it, thinking he is an upright man.However, in front of this famous revolutionary at home and abroad today, he suddenly felt that he was still far from this reputation.If you want to say that he is an upright man, this one is truly worthy of the name.You see, when we met for the first time, we had never met before, and a simple sentence of mine elicited such a long answer from him, and he said it so frankly, so vividly, so sincerely, and so affectionately.How bright and bright this person's heart is, and how frank and sincere his temperament is! "Mr. Zhongshan, you are very lucky. You were enlightened by Western education at a young age. Before I was 16 years old, I lived in the backwater Hunan countryside. After I was 16 years old, my uncle took me and my sister to his It was an eye-opener to work in Guide Town, Henan Province. But the education my uncle gave me was always a subset of old Chinese classics and history, and I was still ignorant of the general trend of the world until I came to Japan for the first time at the age of twenty-seven or eight.” "Mr. Xizi, you may not be as good as me when it comes to Western learning, but you have a much deeper foundation than me in middle school. I will never be able to write your "Song of Hunan Youth". What year will the crouching dragon be born', such a poem is so majestic, even if people like Xin Jiaxuan and Chen Tongfu are born today, they may not be able to surpass it!" "Mr. Zhongshan, you are too much." Yang Du laughed.He was very happy and compared his poems with Xin Qiji's and Chen Liang's poems. No other friend mentioned this.And what he likes most is the impassioned style of Xin, Chen and others, and he also intends to learn from them. Sun Yat-sen can see it at a glance, which shows that he has a good quality in ancient poetry. "Mr. Zhongshan, your "Shang Li Fu Xiangshu" is full of words and discussions, as if you have received the true biography of Jia Yi and Su Dongpo, especially the words "people make the best use of their talents, the land makes the best use of them, and the goods flow smoothly". It will become a famous sentence passed down through the ages.” "Xizi, let me tell you, when I went to Tianjin to meet Li Hongzhang, the letter was just a cover, not the purpose." "What's the real purpose?" Yang Du stretched his body over and asked. "You guys are having such a great conversation!" Sun Yat-sen was about to reply when Qian Huizi came in with a smile, holding two plates in her hand. "It's time to eat!" Sun Yat-sen took out his pocket watch and looked at it: "It's already six o'clock, and I don't feel hungry at all!" "Just eat here?" Yang Du asked Qian Huizi. Qian Huizi replied: "I specially made some Chinese dishes for Mr. Zhongshan, and I don't know if they look like them. Grandma is not used to Chinese food, so grandpa will accompany her to eat in the restaurant. Let's eat here!" "Okay, let's eat here!" Sun Yat-sen stood up and stretched, and said, "Just by the color, you know it must be delicious. I never thought that a rich lady like you can cook!" Chieko said: "Don't underestimate me. I can cook all kinds of Japanese food well, but I can't cook Chinese food. Try it today." Yang Du said: "We eat ready-made, no matter how bad the taste is, we dare not say that your craftsmanship is not good." "Yes, yes." Sun Yat-sen echoed. After a while, all the dishes were served, and Qian Huizi also poured a glass of wine for everyone.Sun Yat-sen took a bite of the dish and said repeatedly: "It's delicious, it's delicious!" Then he turned to look at Qian Huizi and said with a smile, "It's really good. I can marry in China from now on." Qian Huizi's face turned red with shame, but her heart was very sweet.For a whole afternoon, Yang Du and Sun Yat-sen talked very congenially, so that Qian Huizi couldn't get in a word, stayed in the kitchen, and could only gossip with grandma.Now, she can take advantage of the gap between meals to say a few words with her beloved. "Mr. Xizi, you taught me a few Yuefu songs last week, and I can recite them all." "You know how to recite it?" Yang Du said, "Well, let Mr. Zhongshan recite one to see if he recites it correctly." "Choose one!" Qian Huizi put down her chopsticks. Yang Du thought for a while and said, "You should recite "Long Song Xing" by heart!" Chieko thought intently.Sun Yat-sen also put down the cup in his hand and listened carefully. "Sunflowers in the green garden, the morning dew waits for the sun. Yangchun Budeze, all things are radiant. I often fear that the autumn festival will come, and the yellow leaves will decline. When all the rivers go east to the sea, when will they return to the west. The young and the strong do not work hard, and the old is sad. " "Good recitation, every word is good!" Zhongshan applauded lightly as soon as Qian Huizi finished her recitation. "This is the best song in the ancient Yuefu. 'Young people don't work hard, the old man is sad', these two sentences can be said to be well-known in China, women and children. Come, let me toast you!" He said and raised his glass. "Thank you!" Qian Huizi also raised her glass, took a sip, and said to Yang Du, "Mr. Xizi, you said that these Yuefu songs are all folk songs that have been passed down in the alleys. Since they are folk songs, they must be It can be sung. The lyrics of this "Long Song Xing" couldn't be better, if you can teach me to sing again, that would be even better." Zhongshan said: "The lyrics of Yuefu songs are recorded in ancient books, and many have been handed down, but the music scores are not recorded. How can Xizi teach you to sing?" Yang Du said: "Mr. Zhongshan is right. Most of the Yuefu scores have been lost. No one knows how to sing "Long Song Xing". Playing the guqin, she once sang another song "Shangxie" in the ancient Yuefu, which she said was passed down from ancient times. She also taught Master Xiangqi, but Master Xiangqi did not believe that "Shangxie" was sung like that back then .” "Mr. Xizi, did your teacher teach you?" Qian Huizi asked. "Master Xiangqi admired Confucius' teaching method. Confucius taught his disciples the six arts of rites, music, archery, imperialism, calligraphy, and mathematics. Therefore, there were many books and songs between Zhu and Si. Master Xiangqi also Teaching us this way, he can sing a lot of ancient songs. In the spare time between reciting books and explaining the meaning, he taught us to sing ancient songs. Once he taught us to sing "Shangxie", which was passed down by his wife Mo Ji. He sang very movingly, We all enjoyed listening to it and learning from it.” Qian Huizi said happily: "Then please sing it again!" "Okay!" Yang Du stood up generously and said, "Today I met Mr. Zhongshan for the first time, and we talked and laughed very happily. As the predecessors said, making friends with Zhou Gongjin is like drinking alcohol; It's a late meeting, firstly at the invitation of Miss Qian Huizi, secondly to help Mr. Zhongshan enjoy the wine, I, Yang Duquan, will be Li Guinian for a while, and sing an ancient song "Shangxie", which will make you both laugh." Yang Du cleared his throat, first hummed a few words, and then sang loudly: The singing voice was desolate and gloomy, high pitched and exciting, and the sound waves rushed straight into the room, almost piercing the clouds and tearing the silk.Qian Huizi was in a daze when she heard it, she seemed to have never heard such a soul-stirring song.Yang Du just sang it like this, and she seemed to have memorized it all. After Sun Yat-sen listened attentively, he said: "Mr. Xizi is versatile. He can sing an ancient music with such rich voice and emotion. It's amazing!" He held the wine glass to his lips, and sighed before drinking: "Our Chinese culture used to be the most splendid culture in the world. This ancient music song can be regarded as a representative. Until today, it can still be well-deservedly compared with Beethoven, Mozart and others." compared to music!" After eating, Yang Du said to Qian Huizi: "I'm sorry, I still have a lot to talk to Mr. Zhongshan tonight, about the homework of the ancient Yuefu, let's make up next week!" Qian Huizi smiled and said, "You guys talk about it, I'm here to accompany Mr. Sun this time, and I don't care about my homework."