Chapter 10 Chapter IX Opening up the Shaanxi-Ningxia-Mongolian Border Base Area

Gao Gang was the first communist who lit the revolutionary torch in the Iraqi League area, spread the truth of the revolution, and led the people to break through the darkness and usher in the dawn. In the autumn of 1926, during the initial period of the revolution in northern Shaanxi, Gao Gang went to Wushen Banner of Yikezhao League alone to carry out revolutionary activities, recruit party members, and set up the first party group in Nalin River, sowing the revolutionary fire. Ten years later, in the spring of 1936, he led a cavalry regiment to the Iraqi League area to implement the "Three Five-Year Declaration" of the Party Central Committee and create the Suimeng base area.He adhered to the principles and policies of "closer to the upper class, win over the middle class, and unite the lower class" and "not pull the local tyrants and evil gentry", extensively developed the anti-Japanese national united front, established party organizations and national autonomous regimes, expanded the army, guarded the north, defended the Party Central Committee, defended the border area.He has withstood the test in practice, explored experience and made contributions for our party to unite all ethnic minorities to fight against Japan, and won the love of the Mongolian nation. They affectionately called "our commander-in-chief".

After the establishment of the Soviet regime in Chiyuan County in 1934, the east and south areas of Weiwu and Qingping along the Great Wall became liberated areas. Cao Dongzhi, Wu Yaxiong, Hao Yushan and others led guerrillas to carry out revolutionary activities in the north of the Great Wall. In the summer of 1935, after the liberation of Jingbian, district and township regimes such as the Great Wall, Weiwu, and Qingping were established, and the guerrilla activities were extremely active.In autumn and winter, a large army went south to fight, and the Northeast Army, which was attacking the "encirclement and suppression" of the Soviet area, was mistakenly eliminated. The enemy took the opportunity to extend the magic melon into Jingbian and other places.Fu Zuoyi sent a cavalry unit to Zhangjiapan. The soldiers wore yellow clothes and the horses were khaki, so the masses called them "yellow cavalry".After the Yellow Horse Squad moved in, they colluded with the habitual bandit Zhang Tingzhi, the garrisons of Jingbian and Hengshan, the local armed forces, and the rebels who joined the enemy. They colluded and attacked from all directions. , cruelly persecuted the masses, undermined the Soviet regime, forced the masses to pay food and grass, apportioned exorbitant taxes, built villages and forts, established Baojia, forced people to go to villages, disintegrated our party and government organizations, and strengthened reactionary rule.After the chairman of the Sixth District of Chiyuan County defected to the enemy, he sent intelligence to the Yanjiazhaizi reactionaries, informed the guerrillas about their organization and activities, and made plans to attack the party and government organs in the Soviet area.Yang Guotai, the chairman of the eighth district, acted as the deputy captain of the Qingxiang regiment of Weiwubao, Hengshan County, KMT (suppressed in 1951) after his rebellion, and led the KMT team to attack the township government of our district many times. .Cao Yanghan (later suppressed), head of the Wubao militia regiment in Hengshan County, led the militia to the Weiwu, Great Wall, and Qingping liberated areas to clear household registration, investigate "enemy situation", establish "communist eradication volunteer army" and "eliminate counterrevolutionaries" organization, and carry out "elimination of counterrevolutionaries". Eliminate the "red bandits".They organized and established a company for environmental protection. One family has an affair, full guarantees, concealment and non-reporting, and the same crime as the "bandit". Severely tortured Red Guard cadres Bu Peiying, Zhang Baoshan and others.With white terror covering both inside and outside of the Great Wall, a small number of unsteady people in the revolutionary ranks wavered and compromised. Some broke away from the revolutionary ranks and defected to the enemy; The leader, leading the Home Returning Group and the rebels who defected to the enemy, used the power of the Yellow Horse Team and familiarity with the local conditions to harass and harass, forcing the township government of our region on the border between Shaanxi and Mongolia, as well as inside and outside the Great Wall to go underground, and the staff who persisted were transferred with the guerrillas Go to the mountainous area south of the Wuding River.The Luhe River and the outside of the Great Wall were occupied by the enemy, and the people who had just been liberated were in the misery of the dark rule.

When the Central Red Army arrived in northern Shaanxi, Comrade Mao Zedong issued the "Declaration to the Mongolian People" (also known as the March 5th Declaration) in Wayaobao on behalf of the Central Government of the People's Republic of China. The "Declaration" clearly pointed out that in the face of the Japanese imperialist attack, the Mongolian people had only two choices: one was to "be willing to be slaughtered by the Japanese imperialists and Chinese warlords, and be their cannon fodder to perish"; , and strive to become stronger, so that the supreme Mongolian nation can enjoy a completely equal position among the nations of the world."The declaration revealed a large number of facts that the Japanese imperialists were trying to realize their aggressive ambitions of "to occupy China, they must first occupy Manchuria and Mongolia; if they want to dominate the world, they must first occupy China".The declaration pointed out that the purpose of Japan's invasion of Mongolia was to "use your land as a battlefield and the people as cannon fodder, so as to achieve its goal of attacking the Chinese Soviet People's Republic... and finally destroying the Mongolian people. What's more, there are Chinese warlords headed by Chiang Kai-shek. The scavenger of imperialism hastened the demise of the Inner Mongolian nation."

The Political Bureau of the Party Central Committee passed the "Resolution of the Central Committee on Military Strategy" in December 1935: "The struggle of the Mongolian and Hui ethnic groups (first of all, the Mongolian ethnic group) against Japan and against Chinese rulers should be raised to the level of armed struggle. And directly combine their struggles with ours." The declaration and decision pointed out the direction for the Mongolian national liberation struggle, comprehensively expounded the policies of the Communist Party of China and the Red Army of Workers and Peasants towards the Mongolian people, and called on the Mongolian people to "consciously organize and carry out In the National Revolutionary War, to expel Japanese imperialism and Chinese warlords from the territory of Inner Mongolia, who would dare to say that the descendants of Genghis Khan can be deceived." Mao Zedong said in the article "On the Strategy Against Japanese Imperialism": "Minorities, especially Inner Mongolia The nation, under the direct threat of Japanese imperialism, is rising to struggle...will converge with the struggle of the people of North China and the activities of the Red Army in the Northwest."

Gao Gang took Mao Zedong's instructions as a guideline, and used the "Declaration" and "Decision" as weapons to lead his troops to carry out revolutionary work outside the Great Wall, planning to establish a base area in the Dongsheng area. Yimeng, located in the Ordos Grassland and the hinterland of the Mu Us Desert, is at the junction of Shaanxi, Ningxia, and Sui provinces, across the river (Yellow River) from the northwest of Shanxi and Shanxi. The outpost of the Soviet offensive was one of the focus areas for the Japanese, puppet, traitors, and the Kuomintang to compete.It is of great strategic significance to open up the revolutionary work in the Iraqi League area, create base areas, strive to fight against the Kuomintang reactionaries and Japanese invaders together with the united and powerful Mongolian nation, defend the Party Central Committee's firm foothold in northern Shaanxi, and defend the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia base areas.

The Yimeng area has always been a battleground for military strategists, with frequent wars, and it is also a land of natural treasures, rich in salt, coal, and fur. It is also the birthplace of the Chinese nation - the Hetao area.According to historical records, in ancient times, this place was a vast ocean, and it became land in the Jurassic. The Yinshan Mountains in the north rose from the ground. The muddy deposits provide conditions for plant growth and form a dense forest zone.In the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Mu Us area was a "peach garden outside the Great Wall" with "fertile fields, thousands of miles of food and crops", "abundant water and grass", and "flocks of sheep and roads" for agriculture and animal husbandry.At the beginning of 400 A.D., the Xiongnu Helian built Tongwan City as the capital of the Daxia Dynasty on the banks of the "turbulent waves and turbulent" Wuding River. It had 200,000 residents and was very prosperous.In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, due to frequent disputes among ethnic groups, wars for this treasure land were repeated, and a vicious circle was caused by stationing troops, wars, reclamation and setting fire to the wasteland. "Deep in the desert".The destruction was even more serious during the Qing Dynasty. The corrupt Qing Dynasty, in the name of "borrowing land to support the people", released a large amount of land for reclamation. By the liberation period, 80% of the Yimeng's land had been deserted, and the desert area reached more than 17.5 million mu.The people of all ethnic groups in the Iraqi League are in a situation where they can't eat and don't have enough clothes to cover their bodies.The people of the Islamic League long for the Revolutionary Party to save them.

The Yimeng area is the birthplace and mausoleum of Genghis Khan, who was strong and good at riding and shooting.The Boxer Movement against the Qing Dynasty and the destruction of foreigners and the "Douguilong" movement aimed at anti-imperialism and feudal princes and nobles in the 1920s took place here, which dealt a heavy blow to the reactionary rulers. After Japan invaded and occupied the three eastern provinces, it colluded with King Mengde and Li Shouxin to occupy North China and Inner Mongolia, in an attempt to conquer Manchuria, Mongolia and even the whole of China.During the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Japanese and puppet colluded with the Kuomintang reactionaries and used the Iraqi League as an outpost to attack the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region from the north, and competed fiercely with me.

At the end of January 1936, Gao Gang led the cavalry regiment to Zhangjiapan and Longzhoujie for activities, and joined forces with the Mongolian and Han guerrillas of Cao Dong who were active here.The broad masses rushed to tell each other, "The Great Red Army is coming up!" The cavalry regiment and guerrillas formed a fist to strike the enemy.Planning to attack the deployment of the "Yellow Horse Squad", the Yellow Horse Squad hurriedly fled back to Suiyuan.Gao Gang led the cavalry regiment to recover Zhangjiapan as a foothold, recruited troops to expand to the Yimeng area, and successively liberated Ningtiaoliang, Zhanggaotu, Dashibian, Huangdaliang, Leilong Bay, Batu Bay, Nalin River and other areas. Pull out more than a dozen enemy strongholds, restore and establish the red regime, develop party organizations, expand the Red Army, and broaden the guerrilla zone. In February 1936, Zhang Aiping wrote a poem "The Great Wall Yang Wei" for this purpose:

There are waves in the vast expanse of expanse, and iron cavalry inside and outside the Great Wall. Lianke Ningtiao (Liang) Zhang's house, a hundred miles of whipping and playing triumphantly. After the recovery of Zhangjiapan, Gao Gang commanded troops to take advantage of the victory and march into the Wushen Banner of the Iraqi League to publicize the "March 5th Declaration" and carry out guerrilla campaigns.In response to the Mongolian customs of hospitality, generosity, and incense and worship, he formed "Anda" (that is, worship), and made friends with a group of upper-class Mongolians and Yimeng people, striving to unite the Mongolian and Han peoples and deal with them unanimously. The Japanese army and the Kuomintang warlords ignited the flames of the struggle for the liberation of ethnic minorities in the Iraqi League area.

In February, Gao Gang held a meeting at He Manjin's house in Yudigou (now part of Tawan Township, Hengshan County), and decided to establish a Soviet government in Wushen County. The first Soviet government and the Wushen County Committee of the Communist Party of China set up a set of party, government, and military organizations with the same title as the Han area. The chairman of the county Soviet government Tian Wansheng, the secretary of the county party committee Zhao Chengshu, the organization minister Cao Bucheng, the propaganda minister Bai Yongcheng, the military minister Li Linfan, and the public security Director Zhang Wenqing.A security team of more than 20 people was also formed to defend the Soviet regime.

This is the first time that a county-level government has been established in a minority area in Northwest China.After the establishment of the Wushen County party and government organs, Gao Gang commanded the cavalry regiment to actively cooperate with the new regime in Wushen County to carry out the revolutionary activities of the Iraqi League, publicize the CCP’s line and policies, do a good job in the united front work of the upper echelons of the Inner Mongolian ethnic group, and develop the CCP’s organization among herdsmen .Gao Gang went deep into the Mongolian people and personally recruited herdsmen Wu Bashi, Lan Qingshan, Tao Rigaodai and others to join the CCP organization.Due to differences in life, language, and customs, it is extremely difficult to carry out work. The cadres sent out use the cover of herding, driving, selling, practicing medicine, teeth cleaning, painting, and fortune-telling. Giving gifts and other methods to build relationships and engage in work; some broke into the interior of the palace, inspected intelligence, divided and disintegrated, approached the upper class, fought for the middle class, and united the lower class. After the establishment of the Wushen County Government, it was reported to the central government, which was criticized by the central government and ordered to revoke the Wushen County government.The central government pointed out in the instructions that it was wrong to establish Wushen County, and that changing the flag to establish a county was a Han chauvinistic approach. The Yimeng area had just launched activities, and establishing a county system in Mongolian ethnic areas would arouse suspicion and dissatisfaction among the Mongolian people.The Central Committee stated: "The main strategy among Mongolians today should be the united front of the whole nation." "We respect the traditions and habits of ethnic minorities and are not in a hurry to redefine Mongolia. The significance is to make it a buffer zone to deal with the enemy and reduce the The enemy's excuse to attack Wushen gave Usin enough time to organize and work on the united front to deal with the vicious and powerful national enemies in Inner Mongolia....The Wushen Banner should be used as a model." According to the instructions of the Central Committee, At the end of February, the Wushen County Government was abolished, and the Wushen County Committee of the Communist Party of China was changed to the Wushen Banner Working Committee.Facts have proved that the instructions of the central government were wise and correct. At that time, some Mongolian compatriots were very dissatisfied with the establishment of Wushen County, doubting whether it was to occupy the Yimeng area, and corrected the mistakes in time, which was well received by the Mongolians.After the establishment and abolition of Wushen County, Gao Gang further understood and clarified the central government's policy on minority areas, and received a profound education. Wushen Banner borders Hengshan, and the people in the two places are married and have close contacts.When Gao Gang was studying in Hengshan No. 1 High School and Yulin Middle School, he met some Yimeng students and learned about Mongolian customs and habits. In the autumn of 1926, Gao Gang went to Wushen Banner to carry out revolutionary activities.According to the records of the Yimeng party history: "Gao Gang, one of the founders of the Communist Party of Northern Shaanxi, a man surnamed Si, and a man surnamed Wei (that is, Wei Gang), met with herdsmen Bayintu and others in the Henan area of ​​Wushen Banner. It is the first time that they have met each other, but they have been familiar with each other for a long time. Gao Gang is the first Chinese Communist Party member who entered the Iraqi League as far as we know." Spring and summer of 1935 At the turn of the century, during the Red Army’s activities and wars in northern Shaanxi, Gao Gang sent Cao Dongzhi and Lu Zhanjin to carry out united front work among the Mongolian people, recruit members of the Communist Party of China, and do united front work for the security headquarters of Wushen Banner. That is to say, he went to Hengshan to discuss the border dispute with Gao Gang. In the spring of 1936, Gao Gang led the cavalry regiment to the Great Wall line. Qi Guoxian, the adjutant of the Wushen Banner Security Command, was determined to join the Red Army after hearing the news. Introduced by underground Communist Party member Zhang Jingui, he came to the cavalry regiment station and was warmly welcomed by Gao Gang and others.They slaughtered pigs and sheep, entertained Adjutant Qi, and the old man Wang Weijie offered incense, Gao Gang, Zhang Aiping, Cao Dongzhi, Wu Yaxiong, Tian Wansheng, Zhang Jingui, Zhao Chengshu, Gao Deyi and Qi Guoxian offered incense and worshiped, and formed an alliance of life and death with blood.Eating, drinking, playing and singing at night is very lively.The people present sang the heart-to-heart songs of the Mongolian and Han people impromptu, adding to the fun of the alliance banquet. The next day, Gao Gang and Zhang Aiping accompanied Qi Guoxian to visit the camp of the Yanghutai Cavalry Regiment.The Red Army was fully armed and lined up to welcome Qi Guoxian. The stormy applause and slogans rang out: "Warmly welcome the adjutant of the Wushen Banner Prince's Mansion!" "Unite the Mongolian and Han people!" "Oppose Han chauvinism!" "Down with Japanese imperialism!" !” At the welcome meeting held, Gao Gang and Qi Guoxian spoke separately. After the meeting, Gao Gang and others talked to Qi Guoxian about the situation of Wushen Banner, and arranged the task of carrying out the united front work of Wushen Banner.Gao Gang said: "Adjutant Qi came to the Communist Party, made friends with us, and participated in the revolution. We welcome it very much. The Mongolian people in Wushen Banner are the most oppressed. We want to help you oppose the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang. I hope you will contact the Mongolian people more when you go back. , carried out extensive work to publicize the Communist Party’s anti-Japanese and anti-Chiang ideas.” "I have long heard that the Red Army is sincerely helping the Mongols. I also heard about it in Beijing and Xi'an. I think the Red Army cannot be wiped out. It will win the world in the future. Seeing is worth seeing. The Communist Party and the Red Army are like this Concerned about the cause of the Mongols, we Mongols have hope." Qi Guoxian talked about his views to Gao Gang. Cao Dongzhi said: "Now that we are burning incense, we are a family of brothers! The Party Central Committee and Chairman Mao have formulated the policy of the Anti-Japanese National United Front. I hope that Adjutant Qi will contact the princes and upper echelons after he returns, publicize the party's policies, and work with us. Work, and unite your brothers in the army as an adjutant." When Qi Guoxian left the army station, he gave Gao Gang a horse with a big green mane as a mount, as well as some Mongolian food such as ghee and cheese.On behalf of the cavalry regiment, Gao Gang sent Qi Guoxian a mule, two carbine guns and some bullets.When accepting the gift, Qi Guoxian said: "People on the grassland are best at identifying wolves and sheep, and the descendants of Genghis Khan know how to make friends." Gao Gang went to Yimeng to do united front work for the upper class of the Mongolian people, and first opened up the situation in the Prince's Mansion of Wushen Banner.Qi Guoxian went back and devoted himself to the anti-Japanese national united front work according to Gao Gang's request. He publicized the CCP's national united front policy, policies and anti-Japanese propositions to the Wushen Banner prince Qi Deshan and his troops. As an assistant, he successively tried to unite Qi Jinshan (deputy head of the security force), Qi Guohua (captain of the Wangfu), Na Su (battalion commander of the Wangfu), Wang Yuefeng (squadron leader of the security force) and others to join the revolution. Under the leadership of our party, an ethnic armed force was established, which contributed to the opening of the Wushen base area. Qi Guoxian lives in the palace of Wushen Banner, and often contacts with comrades such as Gao Gang, the head of the CCP, and Cao Dongzhi, Tian Wansheng, the heads of the Wushen Banner Working Committee, and accepts the tasks assigned by the party organization to publicize the CCP’s anti-Japanese national united front to Mongolian compatriots policy to encourage Mongolian youths to make revolution with the Communist Party and bring down Japan.Successively, a group of Mongolian herdsmen including Zhao Yushan and Chougen embarked on the road of revolution.Gao Gang strives for one person, unites one level, and connects one level.As Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out at the meeting of activists of the Wayaobao Party, "the Inner Mongolian nation is converging the struggle of the people in North China with the activities of the Red Army in the Northwest." Under the leadership of Gao Gang, the cavalry regiment and Mongolian-Han guerrillas galloped inside and outside the ancient Great Wall, on both sides of the Wuding River, in the Yimeng Grassland of Shaanxi, Mongolia and Ningxia, Hengshan, Jingbian, Dingbian of Shaanxi, and Yanchi of Ningxia. Carry out guerrilla warfare, use political propaganda and arms to open the way, eliminate evil and promote good, fight the rich and help the poor (in the Han area), expand the armed forces, establish organizations, raise funds, and prepare to enter the Dongsheng area to establish a base. In March 1936, when Gao Gang and Zhang Aiping led the cavalry regiment to march northward, Zhang Aiping commanded the anti-Japanese propaganda in Hushiyaogou (now Hengshan), raised funds, confiscated tobacco soil (foreign tobacco was grown here), and was heard by Hengshan County. Shui and Dangcha were surrounded by more than 500 Kuomintang garrisons.While the cavalry was eating, the enemy suddenly attacked from three sides. The cavalry charged and the infantry surrounded. The Red Army fought back vigorously.Zhang Aiping led a small group of soldiers out of the encirclement.Gao Gang, who was holding an underground party meeting in a certain village in Poluo, heard the news. Before the meeting was over, he quickly ran to Poluoshahe and other villages to gather the dispersed cavalry members.This battle suffered a lot of losses. Our cavalry regiment suffered heavy casualties, including Qi Zhizhen, the instructor of the third company.The soldier Zhang Shengrong (nicknamed Hui Zhang Si) and three others were surrounded by the enemy to the Heimodun River Beach by the Wuding River. Gun to kill.Zhang Shengrong saw that he couldn't survive even with a gun, so he was quick to wit, and took out his bare feet while his shoes were stuck in the mud, and climbed up the sand slope desperately.While running, Zhang Shengrong felt a shock in his left shoulder. He ran into the sand nest, his nose and mouth were bleeding, and his body was dripping with sweat.Zhang Shengrong said: "Seeing the bullets in the clothes, I was really scared when I thought about it. Thanks to the old man, he didn't do anything wrong." If you don’t take off your shoes, Shapo will not be able to climb up, and you may become a martyr.” He called on the troops to learn from Zhang Shengrong’s brave spirit of not being afraid of death. You must not be afraid of death when you carry a gun, so you can live and die. Served as deputy platoon leader. In this battle, the cavalry regiment was captured by the enemy several soldiers.The enemy battalion commander sent troops to escort the Red Army soldiers to Yulin. When they passed by Yuhebao, it was dark to stay.Gao Gang said, "You did the right thing! If you don't knock him down, he will die in Yulin." Due to the setback in the battle in Hushiyaogou, Zhang Aiping was transferred to Wayaobao Red University to study, made a self-criticism, and was criticized by Mao Zedong, and the plan to march into Dongsheng was cancelled. Gao Gang led his troops back to Lougou and other places in the Great District to rest.He said to Tian Wansheng, "Hushiyaogou's defeat this time is due to carelessness. They are making food, and there is no sentry on the mountain. They just confiscate foreign cigarettes from rich people. The enemy came in a hurry, so they had to withdraw to Xisha. But Xisha is steep again, unable to withdraw quickly, and the troops were scattered." "This time nothing was gained, and political commissar Zhang almost died at the expense of an instructor. This revenge will be avenged sooner or later!" In order to expand the ethnic armed forces, Gao Gang joined the cavalry regiment Dozens of guns were drawn out to the Wushen Banner Working Committee and Changcheng District, and the local guerrillas were armed. The working committees and district and township cadres all had guns. Conditions are provided.Under the unified command of Gao Gang, the cavalry regiment and the Mongolian-Han guerrillas were divided and united. If they needed to be concentrated, they would gather together, and if they needed to disperse the guerrillas, they would operate separately. ) Enemy stronghold on the border (mountain) and destroyed the Baojia system.Then, the cavalry regiment developed to Ningtiaoliang, Anbian, Dingbian and Yanchi counties in Ningxia, carried out guerrilla activities, scouted the enemy's situation, and expanded its influence to support and welcome the main force of the Red Army's westward expedition. When the main force of the Red Army held high the banner of anti-Japanese and national salvation and bravely marched eastward, Chiang Kai-shek and Yan Xishan assembled a large number of troops to counterattack the Red Army.Chiang Kai-shek flew to Taiyuan and personally deployed the offensive against the Red Army.Under the oppression of the enemy's superior forces, the Red Army gradually shifted from offense to defense.At this time, Gao Gang commanded the cavalry regiment and guerrillas to open up the situation on the western front battlefield, creating conditions for the main force of the Red Army to march westward. In order to take into account the overall situation of the Anti-Japanese War and promote the unity of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party to resist the Japanese, Chairman Mao Zedong led the Red Army to return to northern Shaanxi to preserve the anti-Japanese forces. At the beginning of May, the Party Central Committee sent a telegram to the Kuomintang with "A truce to discuss peace and unite to resist Japan".In the middle of the year, a meeting of cadres above the legion was held in Taixiang Temple, Yanchuan County, northern Shaanxi. The experience and lessons of the Eastern Expedition were summarized, the military discipline was emphasized, and the strategic decision for the Western Expedition was proposed. It was decided to establish the Western Field Army and appointed Peng Dehuai as the commander and concurrently political commissar. On May 18, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, and Peng Dehuai jointly issued an order for the Western Expedition.In his speech, Mao Zedong pointed out that the Eastern Expedition achieved great victories, expanded the political influence of our party, strengthened the Red Army, and prepared food funds.He finally said in a very low tone, "We also have a big loss. This is the sacrifice of Comrade Liu Zhidan in front of the battle..." It took a long time for the Red Army to return to northern Shaanxi. Gao Gang heard the sad news of the death of his close comrade-in-arms Liu Zhidan who had been fighting with him for more than ten years. Chu Jie dies first."He turned grief into strength, and actively assisted the main force of the Western Expedition to liberate Ningtiaoliang, Dingbian, and Yanchi, and opened up the Shaanxi-Suining-Ningbian base. The Western Expeditionary Field Army marched in two ways to Gansu, Ningxia and three sides.Zuo Quan was the commander of the army, and Nie Rongzhen was the political commissar. The left army led more than 8,000 people. They marched westward through Yongping, Panlong, and Wuqi, and even reached Kequzi, Huanxian, and Fucheng. .Xu Haidong was the commander of the army, and Cheng Zihua's political commissar formed a right-hand army with a rate of more than 6,000 people. They set out from Yanchuan and Jiajiaping and marched to the Sanbian plateau via Ansai, Jingbian, Baoan and other places.Gao Gang led the cavalry regiment and Mongolian-Han guerrillas to meet the main force of the Red Army's westward expedition, actively provided information on the enemy, cooperated in operations, mobilized the masses to raise food and grass, and ensured logistical supplies. On May 27, Gao Gang led the cavalry regiment to cooperate with the 28th Army, the main force of the Red Army, to win the first battle at Ningtiaoliang, Jingbian County, and immediately surrounded Anbian City to defend the enemy. On June 17, Dingbian County was liberated, more than 350 people defending the enemy were wiped out, and a large number of guns, 180 horses and supplies were seized.Taking advantage of the victory, the Red Army marched forward, and on the 19th cooperated with the 78th Division led by Han Xianchu and Cui Tianmin, surrounded Yanchi County in Ningxia, but failed after two hours of fierce fighting. On the 20th, the 78th Division besieged the city without fighting. Gao Gang sent cavalry regiments to do mass work around the city to scout out the enemy's situation and find out the terrain. He learned that the enemy defending the city was not satisfied with Ma Hongkui's rule and would not resist stubbornly.According to the reconnaissance situation, Gao Gang proposed to storm Yanchi County. On the 21st, concentrated firepower and launched an attack, captured Yanchi County in one fell swoop, poured an ant nest with soup, wiped out nearly a thousand people including a battalion, a militia group and the county police team defending the enemy, and seized more than 200 horses and a large number of guns, ammunition, supplies and a radio station. Killed the enemy battalion commander Sun Zhaoxiang and the police chief. In 5 days, Gao Gang personally formed the county committees and county Soviet governments of Dingbian, Yanchi, and Anbian counties in Lianke, two counties, and one town. In particular, the production of salt industry provided the premise and established the rear base for consolidating the three sides and opening up the back area of ​​the Iraqi League.So far, apart from the enemy occupation of Anbian Town and Yanjiazhaizi, the cities and villages on the three sides are all red. After the liberation of Dingbian and Yanchi, a solid rear base was established for the creation of Suimeng.Taking advantage of the invincible east wind of the main force of the Red Army's westward expedition, Gao Gang actively prepared for the deployment of the Suimeng Houtao. He first sent Tian Wansheng to Zhaohuang and Sanduan to understand the enemy's situation and observe the terrain.When Tian Wansheng was scouting the enemy's situation and terrain, he accidentally learned from a chat with a big border businessman that the Yulin garrison had sent troops to Chengchuan to reinforce Anbian's defense of the enemy. Gang and other leaders report.The siege troops adjusted their deployment in time, ambushed the reinforcements, and won the victory, so that the Yulin enemies never dared to act rashly again. At that time, the central government decided to establish the Mongolian guerrilla headquarters and appointed Gao Gang as its commander.He led the cavalry regiment and the Mongolian-Han guerrillas to set off from Yanchi County and Dingbian County successively, marched towards Etuoke Banner, and armed to open up the Suimenghoutao base area.They propagated the "Three Five-Year Declaration", adhered to the party's ethnic policy, developed the anti-Japanese national united front, attacked reactionary forces, wiped out bandits, mobilized people of all ethnic groups to unite, resisted the Kuomintang reactionaries, and resisted the Japanese invasion.During the rapid march of the Red Army day and night, Gao Gang's nostalgia for chasing the past and thinking about the present was touched, and he even told historical stories.A detachment leader humorously said, "Wang Zhaojun went out of the fortress to contribute to the unity of the Mongolian and Han people, and he will stay forever. Our Red Army went out of the fortress to liberate the Mongolian nation, and we have made great achievements for thousands of years!" During the march, some soldiers were afraid of the grassland cavalry. , Gao Gang mobilized soldiers who could compose and sing well to compose and sing the battle song of attacking cavalry: Singing like this eliminated the fatigue of the troops during the night march and some soldiers' fear of the enemy cavalry.After traveling day and night for two days, this army of strong horses and horses, brave and good at fighting, drove away and scattered several bandits and militia groups that were entrenched and wandering around Aobaochi, Gouchi, Beidachi, Harateng, and Zhaohuang along the way. Erdaochuan, Machangjing, and Sanduan were acquired.The headquarters was stationed in Shuimantang to command troops to eliminate bandits, attack militias, drive away Ma Hongkui's garrison, and take back Yanchi.A large area of ​​Otuoke Banner was liberated, and the second base in the Yimeng area was established.When the cavalry regiment first arrived in Sanduan, under the reactionary propaganda of the Kuomintang and princes and nobles, many Mongolian people did not understand the policies of the Red Army. Some fled to the grasslands and Shagela to hide, and some Han people also hid their food and belongings.In the endless prairie and desert areas, the supply of troops has become a serious problem. July 13 (i.e. May 25th in the lunar calendar), folklore is the day when the Dragon King gathers to spread rain. Many people gather at a Dragon King Temple in Machangjing to pray for rain and kill sheep to collect animals.When the mutton stewed in the pot was about to be cooked, Gao Gang led the Red Army passing by. The crowd was terrified when they saw the Red Army coming, thinking that the mutton would not be enough to eat.Gao Gang immediately delivered a speech: "We are the Red Army led by the Communist Party, here to help the Mongolian compatriots fight against the reactionaries and resist the Japanese attack." Propaganda of a family of class brothers.The masses whispered to each other, commenting that the Red Army is not a "bandit" like "murder and arson", and everyone wants the Red Army to eat mutton.Gao Gang said: You lead the animals to pray for rain, and the mutton should be eaten by you. The Dragon King thinks that you are sincere, and maybe the rain will save lives.Everyone laughed, the atmosphere was relaxed, and the fear of the Red Army was eliminated. Faced with the difficult situation, Gao Gang personally organized the troops to study the relevant ethnic policies, explained the customs and habits of the Mongolian people, and strictly enforced the discipline of the Red Army. vigilante.Wherever the troops went, they strictly observed discipline and never violated the Mongolian people's property. They bought and sold the living materials and horse fodder at the same level, and treated the Mongolian and Han compatriots equally. It smashed the reactionary propaganda of the Kuomintang to slander the Communist Party.After a period of activities, the views of the Mongolian people were changed. They realized that the Red Army is different from the White Army. The Red Army is an army that protects the interests of the Mongolian people and avenges them.As a result, the cavalry regiment gained a foothold in Otuoke Banner.Many Mongolians came to the cavalry regiment to complain about the atrocities of the enemy and the crimes of oppression and exploitation by the princes and nobles. Otuoke Banner is located in the arid desert steppe in the west of the Ordos Plateau, with the Mu Us Desert in the southeast, the Dusitu River in the west, and Haibo Bay in the north. It is the junction of Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi and Ningxia. The rulers are intertwined.According to relevant records: Before the Manchus entered the customs, the water and grass were lush and the vegetation was intact.Since the rule of the Qing Dynasty, the rulers have carried out predatory land reclamation and deforestation, and the natural vegetation has been severely damaged. The tragic scene of "Nine Years Empty".During the period of the Republic of China, the Kuomintang practiced Han chauvinism, reactionary warlords, local militias, bandits and gangsters ganged up in groups, took turns to harass, search and harm the people, rape and plunder, and did everything. With the in-depth and meticulous publicity and education of the cavalry regiment, the Mongolian people raised their awareness and actively supported the Communist Party and the cavalry regiment. Many herdsmen joined the Red Army, and a group of CCP members were developed among the herdsmen.At the same time, the Hubei Banner Working Committee of the Communist Party of China was established, with Jin Shenghua as secretary (later Zhang Shengzhi), and deputy secretary Cao Bucheng. This was the second county-level CCP organization established in Inner Mongolia.After the establishment of the E Banner Working Committee, it further expanded its publicity, carried out education on "anti-Japanese and protecting Mongolia" and "anti-Japanese and saving the country", mobilized and organized the masses, and carried out the anti-Japanese and protecting Mongolia movement.Gao Gang helped form a guerrilla team of the Hubei Banner Working Committee, and the cavalry regiment dispatched more than 20 guns to the guerrilla team.He demanded that guns be used to protect the interests of the Mongolian people, resolutely suppress those anti-communist and sabotage elements against Japan, and widely publicize the CCP's ethnic policies to the Mongolian basic masses.On the basis of raising the ideological awareness of the Mongolian people to resist Japan, protect Mongolia, resist Japan and save the country, establish anti-Japanese mass organizations to develop and consolidate the base areas. The E Banner Working Committee is a secret organization, known as a guest house to the outside world, which specializes in receiving Mongolian and Hui people and upper-level figures to help solve practical problems.The Hubei Banner Working Committee paid special attention to the united front work of the Mongolian upper class figures.More and more people from the Mongolian people came to the guest house and the cavalry regiment to complain and complain.Gao Gang presided over the leadership meeting of the Banner Work Committee and the Cavalry Regiment, conducted careful analysis and research based on the situation reported by the Mongolian people, and discussed how to carry out the work in depth and win over the Mongolian people.Gao Gang made a clear request to the leaders of the working committee and the cavalry regiment: When we first came, the masses hid from us, but after a period of work, the masses came to us and relied on us. This is a big change, which shows that we have made great achievements in our work.If we don't solve the specific practical problems that the masses care about, the masses will not trust us.Based on Gao Gang’s opinion, the meeting repeatedly studied and discussed and made three decisions: ① In areas where Han people live in concentrated areas, dig out the roots of bandits and fight against bullies; Waiting to resist Japan and save the country; ③ Deeply publicize the "March 5 Declaration" to fight for princes and nobles to resist foreign aggression and protect the rights of people of all ethnic groups to resist Japan and save the country.At the meeting, Gao Gang emphasized that during the campaign to fight bullies and bandits, confiscate the cattle, sheep, land and property that they (mainly the Han people) plundered from the common people, and distribute them to poor farmers and herdsmen; mobilize farmers and herdsmen and young women to establish The Anti-Japanese Salvation Congress, established on the basis of the general establishment of grassroots organizations, established the E Banner Anti-Japanese Salvation Congress, publicized the party's ethnic policy and anti-Japanese united front policy to the Mongolian and Hui people, opposed Han chauvinism and ethnic separatism, and organized the Mongolian and Hui people to work together Resist Japan and eliminate the reactionaries.We should use various methods such as eating and giving gifts, offering incense and making obeisance, etc., to win over relationships and clear channels to negotiate with the prince.Do the united front work of the upper-level people, unite the middle-level people, strengthen the concept that the Mongolian and Han people are one family, and form a broad anti-Japanese national united front. Under the "decision" and Gao Gang's specific guidance, the E Banner Working Committee centered on Sanduan, and generally established the "Mongolian Committee", the "National Salvation Committee", and mass groups such as farmers and herdsmen, young people, women, and other anti-Japanese national salvation associations. Initiated the upsurge of anti-Japanese national salvation. In August, in order to welcome the three main forces of the Red Army to join forces, Gao Gang commanded the cavalry regiment to march to Shancheng Castle and Hui'an Fort at the junction of Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia, and cooperated with the main force to wipe out one and a half brigades of Hu Zongnan, and wiped out Ma Hongkui's Ye Chengzhang (nicknamed "Ye Chengzhang") in Qingyang. Wild Mule) Brigade One. At the beginning of October, Gao Gang led the cavalry regiment to set off from Yuwang, galloped 100 kilometers at dawn and night for two nights, attacked Huining County, Gansu Province, cooperated with the main force to wipe out the enemy, and made a certain contribution to the successful reunion of the three main Red Army forces.In the Western Expedition, more than 2,000 enemies were wiped out, more than 500 horses were captured, a large amount of property was raised, and a large area was expanded.Afterwards, he led his troops to fight in Hubei Banner, and established an autonomous regime on the basis of the general establishment of mass anti-Japanese organizations. 为了进一步发动群众，10月间在三段地召开一次军民大会，苦大仇深的蒙古族同胞控诉了军阀、民团、土匪和反动的王公牧主的压迫、剥削的罪行。参加大会的人很多，男女老幼，蒙、汉、回族都有。高岗参加了会议并讲了话，他的讲话不时被“蒙汉人民团结万岁！”“共产党万岁！”“拥护高司令！”等口号声所打断，掌声经久不息。高岗讲话中指出红军是共产党领导的革命队伍，它的任务是抗日救国，为蒙、汉、回等民族人民闹翻身，求解放的。他说红军进行西征扩大了革命根据地，三大主力红军会师的胜利将推动全国人民抗日救国运动，使与会者进一步明确了大好形势。接着讲了内蒙人民反帝反封建的斗争历史，从反抗奴隶主、封建的太平天国革命运动、义和团扫清灭洋和“独贵龙”运动到共产党成立，讲到蒙古人民革命斗争进入到现在的新阶段。从长期斗争实践证明，只有跟共产党走，内蒙人民才能彻底解放。当前，日寇的魔爪又向内蒙伸进来，这就要组织起来，动员起来，蒙汉回民族团结起来，成立自己的武装队伍，拿起枪杆子，跟上共产党和共产党领导的红军闹革命，求解放，过幸福生活。 高岗的讲话对与会群众鼓舞、教育很大，当场就有几十人报名参加红军。会后，各族人民奔走相告，会议精神不径而走，到处谈论革命、红军、抗日救国和求解放的道理。这次群众大会是骑兵团进入鄂旗以来规模很大的一次大发动、大动员会。蒙古青年踊跃参军，骑兵团队伍不断壮大，还建立了游击队、自卫军，红军的声威越来越高。 随着群众觉悟的提高，形势的发展，高岗抓住时机，派周仁山、田万生等进出王爷府、喇嘛庙，做上层人士的统战工作，宣传“抗日保蒙”政策、红军的主张，使阿拉庙的大嗽嘛、鄂旗王爷、保安司令章文轩也接受了我党我军抗日主张，达成不破坏抗日救亡工作的协议。 特务、汉奸对鄂旗形势的变化恨之入骨，到处造谣破坏，说什么共产党要“打倒王爷喇嘛”、“共产党共产共妻”，“把当官的蒙人都换成汉人”等等。鄂旗工委根据中央蒙古工委的指示进行针锋相对斗争，宣传群众，揭露特务、汉奸的罪行，并公开镇压了罪大恶极的特务、汉奸分子，使革命人民更加拥护共产党，热爱红军。 陕甘宁绥交界地区哥老会成员是一股很大的潜在力量，他们打富济贫，抑强助弱，多为保护生命财产而入伙，活动很广，影响较大，弄得国民党政权无可奈何，为了争取、改造、团结哥老会成员走向抗日救国，1936年7月初，党中央迁到保安县城后，于13日毛泽东主席代表中华苏维埃中央政府，对哥老会发表宣言，号召哥老会成员投入抗日救国战线。 农历八月下旬，在保安县永宁山石畔乡的码头山召开了全国哥老会代表大会，大会筹备处设在龙头大爷马海旺家里。参加1000多人，会期7天，代表吃住全由马海旺负责解决。高岗奉毛泽东命到会发表讲话，要求与会代表响应毛主席的号召，宣传党的抗日救国主张和党的抗日民族统一战线政策，积极参加抗日救国活动。会议根据毛泽东的宣言和高岗的讲话，进行广泛的讨论，明确了抗日救国路线和方向。会议成立了中华江湖抗日救国会，选举产生了主任、副主任，还讨论通过了抗日救国会章程。会后，抗日救国会章程得到各地哥老会成员积极实施，使陕甘宁边区哥老会成员多数成为抗日救国的有生力量。他们有的竟相捐款献粮，有的参加抗日队伍，有的奔走各地收骗土匪，有的到白区做地下工作，购买枪支弹药，做了大量的有益于抗日救国工作。抗日救国会副主任、全国进步哥老会副主任马海旺几次到白区通过哥老会关系，买回一批枪支和子弹，武装了地方游击队，后被选为边区劳动模范、志丹县抗联委员会主任。1944年7月2日马海旺病逝，西北局、边区政府领导高岗、林伯渠、曹力如、谢党哉等送了挽联，表示悼念抗日爱国志士，林伯渠题写了碑文。不少哥老会进步成员成了党的高级干部，如哥老会大爷李仲英曾任红二十九军军长，马锡五任最高法院副院长，在陕甘宁边区创立了“马锡五判案方式”。 高岗对反对革命的哥老会成员甚至当敌特、汉奸分子坚决镇压，对倾向抗日救国的进步成员争取、改造、团结。1937年春，宁夏哥老会头子杨老五等六、七个回民，来到漫水塘我骑兵团部队驻地搞策反，拉拢游击队叛变，制造游击队、自卫军(自卫军是当地大户自筹资金买枪招人而组织起来的抗匪组织)同骑兵团的摩擦，妄图挑起自相残杀，以达到消灭红军力量的目的。有两个特务已打进游击队内部搞阴谋哗变活动，准备里应外合袭击骑兵团。游击队长发觉后即派人到二道川向高岗报告，高岗于当天傍晚带几个战士回到漫水塘，听取了金生华、高德义的汇报，遂决定审讯搞策反的特务。高岗亲自审问，弄清罪恶后，处决了首恶分子，其余的关押一夜第二天放了，只留杨老五打算第二天公开审判枪毙。杨老五被拉到野地上准备枪毙时，他苦苦哀求饶命，并要求让他把衣服扣子扣上穿戴整齐再枪毙。哥老会的龙头李大辫子极力为杨老五说情，请赦免一死。高岗为争取哥老会(这一带哥老会组织很多)，就借机给李大辫子一个人情，放了杨老五，让其改罪自新。蒙古工委和鄂旗工委从斗争中涌现出来的积极分子中挑选了一批干部，经过短期学习培训分配到二段地、三段地和二道川等地区，组织群众，开展反奸、除霸工作。他们募集公粮，筹措资金，购买战马，扩建武装，巩固后方根据地，积极负责。在培训和分配时，高岗亲自讲课和布置任务。干部下去后宣传发动群众反奸除霸，监督坏人的自觉性提高了。一天，桃力民地区可泊庙群众抓来两个汉奸送到指挥部审问时，发现就是替杨老五说情的那个李大辫子和他的儿子。原来他是日特，以哥老会大爷伪装骗取高岗的信任，蒙混过关，自以为得计，回去后受日寇派遣到桃力民我军驻地侦察情报。他到桃力民不长时间，刚开始阴谋活动就被群众抓获。高岗亲自复审后核实了其罪行，在桃力民召开军民大会，枪毙了这两个汉奸，对汉奸、特务以沉重打击，擦亮了群众眼睛，使特务、汉奸再不敢进入根据地活动。三段地、桃力民地区在抗战时期曾是伊盟地区安定的后方根据地，为内蒙各地特别是大青山根据地培养、锻炼和输送了大批干部。后来内蒙古自治区把三段地列为爱国主义教育基地。 桃力民地区善舞爱唱的蒙古族翻身姑娘们到处颂扬共产党，唱道： 在西征取得重大胜利后，苏区扩大到陕甘宁绥四省的大片地区，苏区总面积达到10万多平方公里，人口达到200多万，以保安(今志丹)为中心的四周敌人据点全部拔除，党中央于1936年6月从瓦窑堡迁移到保安县。 为了在少数民族地区开展工作，特别是加强伊盟地区党的领导，发展党的统一战线，贯彻民族政策，巩固根据地，争取和团结少数民族群众和上层人士抗击国民党军和入侵华北的日本军，党中央到保安后，根据伊盟形势发展变化决定加强蒙古领导工作，成立中央蒙古工作委员会，高岗任书记(开始是李维汉)，曹动之、赵通儒等为委员，统一领导内蒙古的革命工作。 党中央对少数民族工作极为重视。因为党中央迁驻保安后，一直有解放宁夏，以宁夏为中心，建立根据地，打通外蒙古和苏联联系的打算。 蒙古工作委员会在盐池县成立，后迁到定边，中央党校等机关迁住定边。蒙古工委决定以骑兵团和曹动之带领的蒙汉游击队为基础，建立了骑兵部队指挥部，高岗兼任司令，曹动之副之，统一指挥三边、伊盟各县、旗的地方部队、游击队、自卫军开展游击战争。 为了加强统战工作，争取蒙古族上层人士抗日救国，高岗代中央起草了《中共中央关于内蒙工作的指示信》。指示信揭露了日伪蒙奸合伙泡制“内蒙独立自治” 的骗局和国民党军阀压迫少数民族的政策，改县调印(即旗改县，调换印章)，建立保甲，帮助日寇吞并内蒙的罪行。明确指出关乎内蒙古民族存亡的严重问题，号召各族人民团结起来，反对共同的敌人。蒙古工委在定边成立了蒙民招待所，专门接待、联系蒙族人士特别是上层人士，发展统一战线。同时开办了训练班，专门培养训练蒙古族干部。 蒙古工委按照中央提出的“在少数民族中基本方针，是在无条件的承认他们有民族自决权……不能到处用苏维埃的方式去组织民族的政权”的精神，确定蒙古工作委员会的任务：“以伊盟为中心，有计划地大力领导蒙古族的抗日救国运动和开展民族工作。广泛深入地发动和组织蒙古族群众，正确地执行抗日民族统一战线政策和民族政策，争取大部分蒙古上层人士同情抗日，参加抗日民族统一战线。”建立党政组织，动员群众，发展农、牧和盐业生产。 乌审旗、鄂旗在蒙古工委的领导下，深入开展民族解放斗争和建立统一战线活动。按照蒙古工委“以上层活动为中心，求得上层分子的进步”的指示精神，田万生、赵通儒、白汉臣、郝登鸿等一批干部到伊盟各地针对蒙古族重义气、讲信用和磕头拜把的习俗，以做买卖、揽短工为名，联系上层人士和蒙古族群众，扩大宣传我党抗日民族统一战线和抗日反蒋救国的道理，在深戛鲁图、舍尔利格等地发展蒙民党员，组建基层支部。田万生去乌审旗动身时，高岗亲自和他谈话。他说：“开展乌审旗地区的工作很重要，这里的工作一做好了向后套发展，就可以为打通国际交通线创造条件。你在乌审旗已经有了关系，要先找奇国贤，然后扩大范围，为上层工作的开辟创造条件，争取乌审旗成为模范区域。”田万生作为蒙委特派员独身到乌审旗王府做统战工作，他按高岗的指示首先找到奇国贤家，对奇说：“是高岗派我来乌审工作，请兄弟关照。”并把高岗嘱咐告奇。奇国贤说：“高司令派来的人，只要是我管辖的地方，你可以放手工作，我想办法保护你。”田万生经过一段工作和蒙古族群众熟了，拈香结拜，称兄道弟，亲如一家。有些蒙族同胞要求到延安参观红区，经高岗请示中央同意，于1937年1月(党中央刚迁到延安)组织了一个54人参观团，由田万生、其劳(汉名赵玉山)带领到延安，白坚负责接待，受到毛泽东主席、朱德总司令等中央领导的亲切接见，并进行友好谈话，使参观团同志受到深刻教育，对开展伊盟地区统战工作起了重大作用。参观团的同志给延安和毛主席着了神奇的色彩，有的说毛主席和朱总司令和凡人不一样，是天星转世，神仙下凡。回到伊盟后，越传越神奇。 蒙古工委在少数民族地区除了在政治上坚持抗日反蒋为主要内容的统一战线，还以经济领域进行统战工作。在解放前，定边、盐池、鄂旗，大池、苟池、傲包池等名义上是蒙人管理，实际上所有权归马鸿逵一手掌握。驮盐的要割两张税票，一张由王爷开，税款轻，给蒙人一点甜头，另一张叫花定票，由马鸿逵的盐务所开，这张票税很重，收得税几乎全部归马鸿逵。骑兵团把盐池收回管理。“西安事变”后国共两党形成统一战线，阿拉庙伊南游击司令部保安司令章文轩向我蒙古工委及高岗提出要管理盐池。蒙古工委为争取蒙古上层人士，高岗同边区国民经济部长毛泽民研究决定将盐池交回鄂旗蒙人管理。章文轩随即派人来蒙古工委接收并受到高岗等热情接待。盐池交回，对鄂旗一带特别是上层人士影响很大，为我党在伊盟开展统战工作创造条件。蒙古族群众说：“红军真为少数民族办好事，马鸿逵把我们的盐池抢占了，红军给我们夺回来。”借此机会，高岗及时派田万生、曹步诚、慕生发等做王爷章文轩的统战工作，送给几十条枪，打消了章文轩对红军的戒备心理。双方洽谈达成四项协议：①相互来往，有事共商；②章部允许共产党在鄂旗成立抗日救亡组织，发动和宣传群众抗日；③章部允许共产党在汉人地区征收抗日公粮，杜绝保安部队挑衅事件；④双方协议条款，对国民党方面严守保密。从而，鄂旗地区蒙汉人民友好往来，扩大了我党我军影响，抵制了日伪和国民党特务、汉奸向伊西的侵占，为创造和发展伊西根据地奠定了基础。 1936年夏，中央调骑兵团到瓦窑堡休整。高岗和张爱萍(5月从红大回到骑兵团)率部从靖边县麻城界出发行进中听老乡说，我驻李秋家坪县政府被张廷芝的队伍袭击。高、张指挥部队追击，一直追到下午未发现敌人，高岗主张停止追击，张坚持继续追，并亲自带领部队追击，想挽回胡石窑沟失利影响。骑兵团入春以来，除胡石窑沟失利后，在高岗指挥下连打胜仗，士气高昂，不顾疲劳。张爱萍是犟脾气，带领部队又追了二、三十里找到了敌人。战斗打响，战士们义愤填膺，奋勇当先，当即消灭部分，俘敌40多人，夺回了敌人抢去的东西。不料在返回途中遭敌伏击，部队受到损失，东西全丢，俘敌逃跑。气得高岗直拍脑袋，到乡政府连炖羊肉也吃不下。张爱萍在李秋家坪战斗失利后又调到红大学习。去校前，毛泽东召见并批评了张爱萍说：“你又犯了错误！你常说胜败乃兵家常事，作为带兵的人，不能用这句话为自己开脱，你说是不是？我看还是没接受教训，没有承认错误吧。” 1936年7月，中央派以毛齐华、贾拓夫和工、青、妇负责人李坚真、钟月林(宋任穷妻)等为巡视团和国民经济部长毛泽民率领的经济工作团，到定边、盐池县等解放区考察和指导经济工作，对蒙古工作委员会给以极高评价。蒙古工委发动群众从老财家里挖出大烟、元宝银洋交中央财政部解决困难。有人对蒙古工委机关财务混乱感到怀疑。蒙古工委机关管帐先生为人老实，没文化，记下一本糊涂帐，检查团的同志帮助搞了几天弄不清，后来经考察团协助下反复核对把帐弄清了。高岗高兴地说，解决了一个大问题，提醒我们对经济的重视，只顾政治，没注意经济，几乎说不清，落个贪污名。蒙古工委在检查团的帮助下，深入发动群众，落实了工商业政策，对团结各民族发挥了极大作用。 期间，蒙民头头来很多人要同高岗和中央经济巡视团的同志结拜，为了搞好统战工作，高岗、贾拓夫、毛泽民、毛齐华等和蒙古上层人士设香案，结“安达”。高岗向毛齐华说中央红军未到陕北前，受朱理智等人的迫害，关进监牢，受冷受潮，致腿部生湿疮，至今未好。毛齐华说：“你到中央为什么不把这个问题提出来，治疗？”高岗说：“小毛病，不好意思提。”毛齐华回中央反映后，周恩来、张闻天电告部队派医生给高岗治疗好湿疮。 9月，中央在保安多次召开政治局会议，研究讨论部署宁夏战役计划，毛泽东向前线指挥员部署讨论。高岗以地方领导干部身份列席政治局会议，参加讨论了《关于抗日救亡运动的新形势与民主共和国的决议》和扩大抗日民族统一战线、“宁夏战役”等问题。高岗在会上汇报了开辟绥蒙地区和少数民族地区实行抗日民族统一战线的工作经验及今后意见。毛泽东主席在会上批评了王明路线的宗派主义，赞扬了高岗领导绥蒙工作的成绩。他当着大家的面说：在红军将领中，高岗同志能够独当一面，力挽狂澜，他和刘志丹一起使红军由弱到强，由小到大，别人的根据地全部丢失，而唯有陕北根据地得到发展，这说明他们的正确果敢，“我们干革命就是要高岗这样的同志”。毛泽东讲这番话似是针对一些王明路线的执行者而言的。 通过这次会议，高岗对陕北错误肃反的根源有了进一步认识，受到一次深刻的路线教育，认识到政治上搞“左”倾主义必然导致组织上的宗派主义。高岗被放在绥蒙草地沙漠没有辜负毛泽东主席的期望，经受起了“真革命”考验，不仅开拓了地盘，在绥蒙少数民族地区站住脚，在乌审旗、鄂旗和盐池创建根据地，还扩大了红军，和蒙古上层分子拉关系开展统战工作并取得经验，出现了“抗日保蒙”的局面。这在西北少数民族地区属首创。 会议决定成立保安司令部(亦称三边保安司令部)，属中央军委二局，任命高岗为司令员。会议还决定改蒙古工作委员会为中央少数民族工作委员会，高岗任书记(开始李维汉)兼蒙古游击司令，统一领导西北少数民族工作，团结蒙回等民族反蒋抗日。他担任保安司令后加强对中央机关和地方党政机关的安全保卫工作，狠抓保安部队建设，做了大量细致的卓有成效的工作。他已经成为一名可靠的、能独当一面的将领，赢得毛泽东的完全信任和重视。 政治局会议决定成立中共宁夏工作委员会，李维汉任主任，叶剑英任副主任，高岗、宋任穷、宋时轮、贾拓夫为委员。宁夏工委成立后，积极为宁夏战役做准备。西安事变后，宁夏工委撤销。 一次，高岗患病躺在老乡家的炕上。毛泽东亲自去看望，他见高迷迷糊糊，用手摸头滚烫，即派人通知中央保健医生傅连璋前去检查治疗。毛泽东亲自给高倒洗脸水，并对高岗随从人员说你们要好好照顾，高司令的安危