Chapter 16 Chapter Sixteen Two and Three Events in Lu Dingyi's Long March

Before the Long March, his father Lu Dingyi was hit by Wang Ming's "Leftist" line, and was dismissed from all leading positions inside and outside the party and the regiment. He was transferred to the editorial department of "Struggle" magazine, where he was engaged in the work of engraving wax editions of the publication. "Carver". According to the "Long March Memorabilia" written by his father Lu Dingyi: The Red Army's Long March started on October 12, 1934. "The Red Army was reorganized into a field army and began to move southwest."

On October 18, 1934, the central government, the headquarters of the Red Army and the head of the headquarters crossed the Yudu River at night.The east gate of Yudu County has become a commemorative place for "the first crossing of the Central Red Army's Long March". In 1996, to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the victory of the Red Army's Long March, the local people built the "Central Red Army's First Crossing of the Long March" monument here.On the left side of the pedestal, there is engraved the first paragraph of lyrics in Xiaohua's "Long March Songs" written by Lu Ding, in which there are words "...the Central Red Army is busy on an expedition, and the starry night crosses the capital river...".

At the beginning of the Long March, Lu Dingyi was incorporated into the "cadres" of the "Red Badge Column".He has no job, no gun, and can only carry a spear. My ex-mother, Tang Yizhen, was unable to follow the Long March because she was pregnant with Liujia, so she was left in the local area to persist in the struggle.Later, according to He Yi, Mao Zetan's lover: After the Red Army's Long March, Tang Yizhen continued to be attacked by Wang Ming's line and was expelled from the party.But her revolutionary ambition remained unchanged, saying, "As long as I am alive, I will definitely fight for the revolution." In January 1935, she was arrested by the "Shoveling Communist Regiment". She was unyielding, and was disemboweled by the enemy and sacrificed heroically.

At that time, the Central Soviet Area participated in the Long March with the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 8th, and 9th five legions and two columns of the Military Commission.The first column is called "Red Star Column", and the second column is "Red Badge Column".The red badge column is mainly composed of logistics, health, and rear office personnel of the Military Commission.Its subordinate "cadre troops" are mainly composed of old, weak, sick and disabled people, who have little combat effectiveness. Most of them only have a spear in their hands.At that time, in the cadre team, there were several old people such as Dong Biwu, Lin Boqu, Xie Juezai, Xu Teli, and comrades such as Cheng Fangwu and Li Jianzhen.The treatment of these comrades is much better than that of my father, and they also try their best to help my father. The father's luggage is carried by Comrade Li Jianzhen's Ma Dai.Lin Boqu, who was nearly sixty years old, marched with a stick in one hand and a lantern in one hand. Comrade Huang Zhen drew a sketch for Mr. Lin, which has been preserved.Father said: "This is a masterpiece in the art history of our Red Army."

At this time, Lu Dingyi had no job. His task was to write slogans and do publicity. He was a "propagandist". Although he has been hit and excluded by Wang Ming's line, he has never changed his loyalty to the party and his expectation for the victory of the revolution.When the Red Army crossed "the first difficult mountain to walk in the Long March" - Yuecheng Ridge (also known as "Old Mountain Realm"), he wrote a well-known article called "Old Mountain Realm". In the environment of the Long March, the article is full of optimism about the revolution.This article was later compiled into our country's middle school textbooks, educating and influencing several generations of young people.My father said in the article: "It suddenly occurred to me that in the future, a monument will be erected here. It is written that on a certain day of a certain year, the Red Army went north to fight against Japan and passed by here." Standing on the old mountain, engraved with "Old Mountain" in my father's handwriting, it has become a revolutionary traditional education base in Hunan Province.Maoer Mountain, the main peak of Laoshanjie, has become a nature reserve, and a "Red Army Pavilion" was built to commemorate the Red Army's Long March.My father wrote an inscription for Maoershan in the Red Army Pavilion: "The hero of Mount Tai, the danger of Mount Hua, the beauty of Emei, and the tranquility of Mount Lu."

Before the Zunyi Conference, the commander of the Long March was the "Three-member Regiment", and the "Military Advisor" Li De sent by the "Commintern" could be called the "Supreme Emperor".At the beginning of the Long March, the Red Army was influenced by the "Leftist" line. When hundreds of thousands of enemy troops surrounded, chased, blocked, and intercepted, they were unwilling to discard "pots, pots, and cans." Unwilling to leave behind, people carried their shoulders, and the baggage team marched for less than twenty or thirty miles in one night. They were passive everywhere, and the combat troops suffered heavy casualties.

In the "Long March Memorabilia" written by Lu Dingyi, the battle situation of the Red Army when it broke through the blockade of the Xiangjiang River was recorded day by day: Due to the slow movement, the battle to break through the Xiangjiang River lasted from November 25 to early December. More than half, from nearly 86,000 at the time of departure, dropped sharply to 30,000. This situation began to change on December 18.This is what is said in the history of the party, "Channel transfers troops, Liping reorganizes."This was the result of Comrade Mao Zedong's strong advocacy, and Commander-in-Chief Zhu issued an order.According to the "Long March Memorabilia", the transfer and reorganization were carried out in Liping on the same day.

On January 7, 1936, Zunyi was conquered, and the historic "Zunyi Conference" was held on the 15th and 17th. The Zunyi Conference was a turning point for the Chinese revolution from failure to victory.Since then, the Long March has turned from passive to active, from setback to victory. In addition to the subjective reasons, there was another objective reason for listening to my father’s speech that promoted the smooth convening of the Zunyi Conference, that is, the radio station that had to contact and report to the Communist International every day was lost during the battle, and I could not ask for instructions and report to the Communist International.My father said: "Thinking about it now, the truth is 'a lost cause'. Otherwise, if we continue to be controlled by the Communist International's Mifu and his like, how can we hold the Zunyi Conference."

After the Zunyi meeting, the troops threw almost all the machinery and equipment and unnecessary luggage that had been carried all the way into the Chishui River. At the same time, the troops were also downsized.It was also at this time that Lu Dingyi was transferred to the Propaganda Department of the General Political Department as an officer.After he went to the Propaganda Department of the General Political Department, he worked with Deng Xiaoping and several comrades.Later, he was transferred to the head of the Propaganda Department, and took over Comrade Xiaoping's work in "Red Star Newspaper" as the editor-in-chief of "Red Star Newspaper".The conditions of the Long March were very difficult at that time. When we entered the Yunnan (South) Guizhou (Zhou) region, we were in a remote area and lacked food and clothing, but our comrades were full of optimism.I heard from my father: when there was nothing to eat and I was hungry, I would talk to several comrades (Deng) Xiaoping and other comrades about the good things I had eaten before, and have a "spiritual dinner", and then I laughed and went to work hungry again. Get up and work.

"Red Star News" is the official newspaper of the Red Army of Chinese Workers and Peasants. It was first published in Ruijin, Jiangxi Province on December 11, 1931.It was originally printed in 4 prints, with 17,300 copies issued. Due to limited conditions during the Long March, it was changed to mimeograph, with an irregular periodical of 700 to 800 copies per issue, and was distributed to the company.After the Red Army's Long March arrived in Yan'an, it was changed to "Military and Political Magazine of the Eighth Route Army" in 1937. In May 1935, when the Red Army arrived at Anshun Field, Chiang Kai-shek tried to make "Zhu De and Mao Zedong become the second Shi Dakai", but the 17 Red Army warriors crossed the Dadu River, shattering Chiang Kai-shek's dream.

On the occasion of commemorating the 60th anniversary of the victory of the Red Army's Long March in 1996, the local people built a monument "The Red Army Forced to Cross the Dadu River" in Anshunchang. field". At that time, although the 1st Division and 1st Regiment of the Red Army seized the Anshun field on the Dadu River, there were only a few small boats on the river, and an army of tens of thousands of horses still couldn't get through.In order to buy time, it is necessary to cross the Daliang Mountain, take the Yi nationality area, and open a new path to allow the army to pass through the Luding Bridge. In order to publicize the policies of our party and our army to the areas inhabited by the Yi people (called "Yi people" at the time), Commander-in-Chief Zhu instructed Lu Dingyi to write a "Proclamation of the Red Army of Chinese Workers and Peasants", and posted it in the name of Commander-in-Chief Zhu. The proclamation written by my father has six characters and one sentence, a total of 26 sentences, and rhymes to the end.This is the only announcement issued by the Red Army during the Long March.The full text is as follows: Comrade Zhao Fafa was responsible for engraving and mimeographing this announcement.In his article mourning Lu Dingyi, he described his father's achievement, and said: "What is valuable is that this announcement is not only the only announcement in the entire Long March of the Red Army, but also the first use of the "Long March of the Red Army". This is a specific term with glorious historical significance." In the hands of Comrade Zhao Fafa, the original copy of this announcement is still preserved. The political term "the Red Army's Long March" was first coined by Lu Dingyi and widely spread with the approval of Commander-in-Chief Zhu, which has been recorded in the annals of history. During the Long March, my father grew from a "propagandist" to the "Minister of Propaganda" after the Zunyi Conference and the editor-in-chief of "Red Star News". No regrets, no regrets, and worked hard to do a lot of work for the party. According to some of the party history data that can be preserved now: The articles written by my father during the Long March include "Laoshanjie" and "Bangluo Town". Among them, "Bangluo Town" records that the Central Red Army arrived in Bangluo Town in early October 1935. The Political Bureau of the Central Committee proposed a major decision to "put the revolutionary base camp in northern Shaanxi", and held a meeting of all cadres above the company level. A narrative article. "Old Mountain World" is the subject of revolutionary traditional education. Before and after the "Cultural Revolution", it has always been the content of middle school Chinese textbooks, and has educated hundreds of millions of young people. The revolutionary songs my father wrote during the Long March are as follows: "Song of the Red Army Entering Sichuan", co-edited by Lu Dingyi and Ge Li; "Song of Fighting the Cavalry", co-edited by Lu Dingyi and Huang Zhen; "Song of Two Main Forces Meeting", Lu Ding's words and music; "Long March Song", co-edited by Lu Dingyi and Tuofu; "Song of the Red Army's Eastern Expedition", edited by Lu Ding. in: Song of the Red Army Entering Sichuan (May 1935) The dangerous Jinsha River and Dadu River, The barbaric Daliang Mountains and the "Luolu" area, My heroic Red Army is truly invincible, Occupied the Luding Bridge and built it. We set a new record in Chinese history, We have achieved the cooperation of the two main forces. Go on bravely, go on bravely, Destroy the enemy, long live the revolution! Co-edited by Ding Yi and Ge Li at Luding Bridge The two main forces reunited (June 1935) The two main forces in the Qionglai Mountains joined forces victoriously, Welcome to the brave and brave brothers of the Red Fourth Front Army who are victorious in all battles. To unite the strength of the center of the Chinese revolutionary movement, well! To unite the strength of the center of the Chinese revolutionary movement, Resolutely strive for a big victory. The Long March of more than 10,000 miles experienced dangers and mountains and rivers in eight provinces, Iron will, blood sacrifice for great rendezvous. In order to realize the cause of resisting Japan and saving the country and liberating the nation, well! In order to realize the cause of resisting Japan and saving the country and liberating the nation, Hold high the red flag and move forward. Decide on a song and compose it in Baoxing; Playing the Cavalry Song (July 1935) The enemy's cavalry need not fear, Play it with calmness and agility. The target is big and easy to hit, Quickly release the platoon gun and shoot to kill. we aim at it, we smash it down, We destroy it. We are the invincible Red Army, Destroyed Jiang's bandits with millions of soldiers. Try to learn how to fight cavalry again, We shall win every battle! Co-edited by Ding Yi and Huang Zhen in Mao Er Gai Song of the Long March (October 1935) In October, the autumn wind is cool, the Central Red Army is busy on expeditions, the starry night crosses the Yudu River, and Gupi Xintian wins the battle. Traveling to Hunan in November, Yi (Zhang), Lin (Wu), Lan (Mountain) and Dao (Zhou) occupied all together, breaking through two blockades, so frightened He Jiangou! Crossing the Xiangjiang River in December, the warlords in Guangxi panicked, and the four blockades were broken through. Who would dare to stop it! The fragrance of plum blossoms came in January, entered Guizhou and crossed the Wujiang River, and occupied more than ten counties in northern Guizhou, and the Red Army became famous all over the world. When I came to Tashi in February, the troops were reorganized neatly, developed the guerrillas in southern Sichuan, and expanded the Red Army by more than three thousand. In March, he returned to Guizhou Xiaoxiao, occupied Zunyi City for the second time, defeated (Wang) Jialie's eight regiments, and wiped out the two divisions of Xue and Wu. In April, I came to the south, fought Guiyang and Kunming, crossed the Jinsha River skillfully, and made a mighty trip to Shuzhong. When I came to Luding Bridge in May, (Liu) Wenhui fought like a gallop, and the Dadu River passed the natural danger calmly, and the names of the seventeen heroes were marked. In June, the weather was hot, and there was still snow on Jiajin Mountain. One, four, and two front armies, Maogong won a great victory. Entering Northwest Sichuan in July, Heishui reeds, highland barley and barley, worked hard for which, in order to resist Japan and save China. Actively advance in August, marching on the grassland is not afraid of the cold, the grassland has never been visited by people, and it is the Red Army that is always strong. Departing from Panzhou City in September, the Shaanxi-Gansu Detachment went northeast, and the Weihe River at Lazikou passed safely, fighting infantry and cavalry. The 20,000-mile Long March went to northern Shaanxi, and the Red Army from the north and the south joined forces to smash the enemy's new "encirclement and suppression" campaign and unite the people to save China! Co-edited by Dingyi and Tuofu in Wuqi Town The Long March of the Red Army in the Central Soviet Area lasted 13 months, so the "Song of the Long March" consists of 13 stanzas, singing the whole process and major events of the Long March month by month, summarizing the Long March in the form of songs. In 1983, 78-year-old Lu Dingyi revised some of the lyrics in "Song of the Long March". In February 1936, the Central Government of the Chinese Soviet and the Military Committee of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army jointly issued the "Declaration on the Eastern Expedition" to form the "Chinese People's Red Army Anti-Japanese Vanguard Army", with Peng Dehuai as the commander, Chairman Mao as the general political commissar, and Lu Dingyi as the general political department publicity director. Lu Dingyi wrote "Song of the Red Army's Eastern Expedition" under Shilou City, Shanxi. Song of the Red Army's Eastern Expedition Misty clouds cover the stars, Thousands of mountains are in chaos, The national heroes who crossed the Yellow River; Gearing up with high ambitions, Our Iron Red Army. Tigers attack sheep, charge forward, But seeing Yan Jun running and rolling; Hitting, rushing and chasing, Chase to Shilou City. Emperor Yan Xishan, Can Taiyuan sit still? The alarm came trembling and frightened; The forts along the river were swept away, Hate the traitor's soul. The red flag is floating in Shanxi, All compatriots are welcome. The "North China" conspiracy has been slapped in the face; Let's fight against Japan, everyone, Workers, farmers, businessmen and soldiers. Among the above songs, "The Song of the Meeting of the Two Main Forces" written and composed by Lu Dingyi was composed for the meeting of the Red Army and the Red Army.The rendezvous of the two main forces of the Red Army was a major event in the Long March.Lu Dingyi wrote the lyrics and melody himself in Baoxing County.Two days later, the troops crossed Jiajin Mountain. The 4th Regiment of the Forerunner of the Front Army and the 80th Regiment of the Forerunner of the Red 4th Front Army joined in the Dawei area. On June 16, the large troops of the two front armies met in Maogong.The two armies held a celebration meeting for their reunion in Maogong, and the two armies sang "The Anthem of the Meeting of the Two Main Forces".According to relevant party history records: "The cadres and soldiers sang together the "Song of the Two Main Forces" written by Lu Dingyi. The celebration lasted until late at night." "Dongfanghong" adapted Lu Dingyi's "Song of the Meeting of the Two Main Forces" into "Song of the Meeting of the Three Main Forces of the Red Army", which was broadcast to people all over the country.The lyrics were changed from "two main forces" to "three main forces", while the song remained unchanged. The historical materials of the Long March that my father organized, edited and personally wrote during the Long March include: "Memorabilia of the Long March". , formerly known as "Twenty-Five Thousand Miles".On August 5, 1936, Chairman Mao and Comrade Yang Shangkun, then director of the General Political Department, jointly sent a letter to comrades who had participated in the Long March, initiating a "collective creation" and publishing a copy.Everyone responded to the call and began to write their memoirs.This specific editing task was handed over to Lu Dingyi, who was then head of the Propaganda Department of the General Political Department.In just two months, the General Political Department collected more than 200 works, about 500,000 words.The General Political Department established an editorial committee, which was selected and compiled by Xu Teli, Cheng Fangwu, Ding Ling, Xu Mengqiu and other comrades. In February 1937, the Propaganda Department edited and completed the book. A total of 110 articles were selected, with more than 300,000 words.Due to limited conditions, only 20 copies were copied at that time, and one of them was kept in the Propaganda Department of the General Political Department for "internal reference." In November 1942, the book was able to be sent to the printing factory for printing. The Propaganda Department of the General Political Department changed the title to "Twenty-five Thousand Miles" and officially published the book. In 32 sheets, in addition to the title of the book, the cover is also printed with the words "Inner Party Reference Materials", "Print of the Propaganda Department of the General Political Department" and "November 1942".It is said that there are only 6 sets of this set of books in existence. Among them, the set that Mr. Zhu gave to Edgar Snow, the author of "A Journey to the West", is now in the library of Harvard University in the United States. Ordinary people generally think that Snow's "Red Star Shines Over China" (that is, "Westward Journey") is the first work to introduce the Long March, but this is not the case.The earliest introduction to the Long March was the book "Twenty-Five Thousand Miles" written in February 1937, which was printed in batches later. This is the earliest and most reliable memoir about the Long March.Lu Dingyi spent a lot of effort in organizing and editing this book. The "Long March Memorabilia" written by Lu Dingyi himself was as early as October 1935 after the First Red Army arrived in northern Shaanxi. Yang Shangkun and various relevant departments were responsible for providing the original materials, and his father Lu Dingyi personally wrote and recorded. And written. "Memorabilia of the Long March" was recorded until before the Zunyi Conference. Later, because the Red Army was going to march eastward in early 1936, there was no time to continue writing. This "Long March Memorabilia" is different from the one initiated and edited by Chairman Mao in Yan'an.Because more than 110 articles in the book are only memories of a certain event or a certain battle in the Long March, they are a review of a segment of the Long March, while Lu Dingyi's "Long March Memorabilia" is written year by year, month by month, The whole process of the Long March was recorded day by day. This "Long March Memorabilia" is the only precious handwritten historical material that describes the whole process of the Long March, and it is all first-hand information.The original is now in the Central Archives. On May 9, 1996, his father died of illness at the age of 90.It was the 60th anniversary of the victory of the Long March.During the commemoration and farewell activities for my father, when talking about my father's experience in the Long March, Comrade Yang Shangkun and some seniors who came to condolences said to me: "Comrade Dingyi left so many precious things in the Long March. Historical materials. In the study of the Long March, (these) legacies left by Comrade Dingyi cannot be missing. To commemorate the Long March is to commemorate these martyrs and their revolutionary spirit.”