Chapter 26 Chronology of Huang Ziwen

On the 11th, Huang Ziwen was born in a wealthy farmer's family in Ganluzhou Village, Bailuyuan, north of Sanyuan County, Xi'an Prefecture. In the spring, he entered the private school in Ganluchi Village for enlightenment. In autumn, he entered the local Xiyue Temple Primary School to study. In August, he was admitted to the middle school of Sanyuan County.In addition to studying courses at school, he accepted the spread of new culture and new ideas, and participated in anti-imperialist and anti-feudal activities. In March, after listening to teacher Li Bingqian (Zijian)'s report on Shanghai workers' and students' struggle against imperialism, feudalism and warlords, he came up with the idea of ​​studying in Shanghai.

In August, he was admitted to "Shanghai Zhonghua Vocational School". During his study in Shanghai, he met Pu Kemin and Zhang Ziping, students from Shaanxi who were studying at Shanghai University, and joined the "Shaanxi Fellowship Association" organized by them. After being introduced by Zhang Ziping, Huang Ziwen joined the Communist Party of China. In March, participated in the third uprising parade of Shanghai workers, and was responsible for contact work according to the arrangement of the party organization. In April, I went to study at the Wuhan branch of the Whampoa Military Academy.

In June, Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei joined forces to oppose the Communist Party, and the school was closed. Huang Ziwen was arranged by the party organization to go to Huanggang and Macheng to investigate the work of the peasant movement. In October, Huang Ziwen returned to Shaanxi with the spirit of the "August 7th" meeting of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. At the end of the same month, Huang Ziwen was sent back to Sanyuan by the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and served as a member of the Sanyuan County Committee of the Communist Party of China, responsible for the work of the peasant movement.

On the 11th, the Sanyuan County Committee of the Communist Party of China sent Huang Ziwen back to Wuzi District to engage in the peasant movement and form peasant armed forces. On February 9, presided over by Tang Yuhuai and mobilized by Huang Ziwen, an "Anti-Enemy Committee" was established in Baosi Temple, with Sun Zhigang as the director. On the 22nd of the same month, Huang Ziwen and Tang Yuhuai formed the first peasant revolutionary armed force in Wuzi District - the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army Guerrilla in Baosi Temple, with Huang Ziwen as the commander-in-chief.

In the spring, Huang Ziwen made his own "bitter meat plan" to get opium and silver dollars from his home, part of which was handed over to the county party committee as funds, and part of which was used to buy guns and ammunition. From April 23rd to April 25th, Huang Ziwen notified the branches of the Agricultural Federation to participate in the struggle organized by the county party committee to "hand over agriculture" organized by the county party committee, and won the victory of reducing or exempting the grain payment of the year. On May 3, according to the instructions of the county party committee, in order to cooperate with the "Weihua Uprising", Huang Ziwen, Meng Fangzhou (secretary of the regiment county party committee), and Yang Zhizhong led the armed siege of Sanyuan County.

In June, armed peasants punished Wang Houan, head of the militia group in Wuzi District, for sabotaging the peasant movement. In August, the Sanyuan County Committee of the Communist Party of China was destroyed by the enemy, and Huang Ziwen persisted in fighting in Wuzi District. In March, Huang Ziwen asked Lian Yishan to set up a grocery store in Changaobao, Wuzi District, as a contact point for the party. In May, Huang Ziwen established the "Wuzi District Raising Committee" in Xiwangbao, with himself as the director.On the 13th of the same month, a meeting of thousands of people was held in Chang'ao to mobilize food for disaster relief, and took the lead in donating 7 shi of food at the meeting, and quickly raised 80 shi of food to rescue the victims.

In June, went to Xinshi, Weinan to participate in the "Guerrilla Warfare in the Development of Disaster Areas" meeting held by the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. In August, married Li Shengyun. In September, the Provincial Party Committee decided to restore the Sanyuan Party organization, set up the Sanyuan Special Branch of the Communist Party of China, and appointed Huang Ziwen as the special branch secretary. On January 30, Huang Ziwen and Huang Zixiang were arrested and imprisoned by the Kuomintang Sanyuan Garrison. In mid-February, he was rescued from prison.

In early April, the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China convened a meeting between Chen Guanying (Yun Qiao), the inspector of the West Road, and Huang Ziwen, and decided that Chen and Huang would organize armed forces to develop guerrilla warfare in Weibei. In early May, the "Weibei Guerrilla Headquarters" was established with Huang Ziwen as the political commissar and Chen Guanying as the commander-in-chief. From July 1st to 9th, the Provincial Party Committee held a meeting in Gonggao Village Primary School in Lantian, and Huang Ziwen was elected as an alternate executive member of the Provincial Party Committee and director of the military department.

In August, the self-rescue army organized by Chen Yunqiao and Huang Ziwen failed because Zhang Chengyi, the leader of the first brigade, suddenly rebelled. In October, Huang Ziwen and Li Shengyun went to Tianjin Northern Bureau. In November, Huang Ziwen was sent to Shanxi Province by the Military Commission of the Northern Bureau to carry out military operations, and Li Shengyun stayed at the Tianjin Liaison Station to work. In March, his wife Li Shengyun was arrested and imprisoned. In the summer, the CPC Shanxi Province appointed Huang Ziwen and Tuo Kekuan to organize the Shanxi guerrillas, with Huang Ziwen as the political commissar and Tuo Kekuan as the captain.

In September, Huang Ziwen and Tuo Kekuan led the western Shanxi guerrillas to cross the Yellow River to northern Shaanxi according to the instructions of Liu Tianzhang, Secretary of the Shanxi Provincial Party Committee. In October, Zhao Boping, secretary of the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee of the Communist Party of China, conveyed a letter from the Northern Bureau, asking Huang Ziwen to go to Beiping to pick up Li Shengyun who was released from prison. In the same month, Huang Ziwen happened to meet Qiao Guozhen who was visiting Li Shengyun at Li Shengyun's residence. In the same month, Huang Ziwen met Huang Xiaxian who was studying at the Peking Academy of Fine Arts.

In December, Huang Ziwen was sent back to the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee by the party organization. In February, Huang Ziwen and Weibei Inspector Jiao Zhongming were sent back to Sanyuan by the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China.The Sanyuan District Committee of the Communist Party of China entrusted Huang and Jiao to hold a study class for party members in Chang'ao Fort to educate party members in ideological, political, and military knowledge. In late March, at the invitation of Liu Zhidan, Huang Ziwen went north to work in the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas with the approval of the party organization. On April 18, the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas were divided into three and five detachments, with Huang Ziwen as the political commissar of the fifth detachment and Yan Hongyan as the captain. On the 21st of the same month, Huang Ziwen went south to Wuzi District with the five detachments. On the 22nd, more than 3,000 people from Wuzi District gathered to welcome the five detachments. Huang Ziwen was elected as the chairman of the meeting and addressed the five detachments on behalf of the masses. On the 24th of the same month, he went north with the team to the border area. On the 30th of the same month, Liu Zhidan, Huang Ziwen and others issued a manifesto denouncing the incident of the KMT's Shaanxi provincial government shooting and suppressing students. On May 10, after the merger of the third and fifth detachments, the "Shaanxi-Gansu Guerrilla Headquarters" was established, with Liu Zhidan as the commander-in-chief, Li Jiefu as the political commissar, and Huang Ziwen as the director of the political department. On June 13, the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas lost in the Battle of Hancheng, and Huang Ziwen returned to the Wuzi District to "expand the red". On the 16th of the same month, Huang Ziwen led more than 80 new recruits to the north to supplement the strength of the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas. In late July, the Provincial Party Committee transferred Huang Ziwen back to Wuzi District to assist Jin Tianhua sent by the Provincial Party Committee to form a guerrilla. On August 1, the "Weibei Guerrilla Force" was established in Wuzi District, with Ma Zizhou as the captain and Jin Tianhua as the political commissar. On October 6, the Weibei Special Committee of the Communist Party of China was established, with Gao Weihan as the secretary, and Huang Ziwen and Wang Lie as the standing committee members. On the 23rd of the same month, according to the instructions of the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Weibei Revolutionary Committee was reorganized, and Huang Ziwen was appointed chairman. On November 6, Huang Ziwen held a meeting of thousands of people in accordance with the instructions of the provincial party committee to celebrate the "October Revolution Day". On the 9th of the same month, the Sanyuan garrison mobilized militia groups from six counties in Weibei to besiege the Wuzi District. Huang Ziwen and Xi Zhongxun led the guerrillas in the Wuzi District to counterattack and cover the evacuation of the masses. On the 10th of the same month, Huang Ziwen and Li Jiefu reported to the Provincial Party Committee. On the 14th of the same month, Huang Ziwen's home was looted by the enemy and the house was burned. On the 20th of the same month, Huang Ziwen wrote a report to the Provincial Party Committee regarding his excessive part-time jobs. At the beginning of December, Huang Ziwen returned to Sanyuan from the provincial party committee.In the middle of the same month, Huang Ziwen and Jin Tianhua went to Gaoshanhuai to deal with the internal division of the Weibei guerrillas. On the 18th of the same month, Huang Ziwen received instructions from the Provincial Party Committee and went with Du Heng to Yishe Village, Yaoxian County to convey the decision to reorganize the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas into the Second Regiment of the 26th Red Army. On the 24th of the same month, Huang Ziwen participated in the reorganization meeting of the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas. On the 25th, Huang Ziwen escorted Xie Zichang, Yan Hongyan, who were going to Shanghai for training, to Wuzi District. On January 5, he reported to the Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee the formation of the Second Regiment of the Red Twenty-sixth Army and asked for instructions on his own work. At the end of the same month, according to the instructions of the provincial party committee, inspected Baishui and Pucheng. In late March, he returned to the Provincial Party Committee to report on the work of inspecting Baishui and other places. In mid-April, Ziwen was sent by the Provincial Party Committee to the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Special Committee, where he served as the commander of the General Headquarters of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Guerrillas. On June 28, he returned to Wuzi District with the Second Regiment of the 26th Army of the Southward Red Army.In the evening of the same day, Ziwen participated in a meeting hosted by Yuan Yuedong, Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, at the Sanyuan Minority Education Center to criticize Du Heng's mistake in going south. On the 29th, Ziwen went to the Weihua area to find the Second Red Regiment who had gone south. In late July, Ziwen found Liu Zhidan, Wang Shitai and other cadres of the Second Red Regiment who had failed to go south. In October, Ziwen, Liu Zhidan and others returned to the Zhaojin Revolutionary Base. In the same month, Ziwen served as political commissar of the third guerrilla army. On January 7, the 42nd Division of the 26th Red Army was established in Lianhua Temple, Heshui County, Gansu Province. Wang Taiji served as the division commander, Gao Gang as the political commissar, Liu Zhidan as the chief of staff, and Huang Ziwen as the director of the Political Department. In January, Ziwen criticized Gao Gang, the political commissar of the division, for violating discipline at the cadre meeting of the 42nd division. In February, when Ziwen went to Xi'an to see a doctor, he was wrongly expelled from the Party by the Party Committee of the 42nd Division. In mid-April, Ziwen took Du Wan, Bai Yaoqing, and Zhang Wenhua to Sanyuan, preparing to go north.Because he met Zhang Zhongliang, the political commissar of the Third Route Guerrilla, he was active in the neighborhood of Chunhua in Sanyuan. In May, Ziwen took Du Wan, Cai Ziwei, Xu Guolian, Zhang Jingwen and others to Nanliang. In the same month, Gao Gang, who had resumed his post as political commissar, arrested Ziwen. In July, Ziwen was rescued by Xi Zhongxun and Xie Zichang who returned from Shanghai. In August, the "Shaanxi-Gansu Frontier Military and Political Cadre School" was established in Nanliang, with Ziwen as a teacher. In October, Nanyi Revolutionary Committee was established with Ziwen as its chairman. In the spring, Ziwen and Zhang Bangying, secretary of the Southern District Party Committee, sent Guo Tingfan to serve as the director of the Zhengning County Office, and together with Du Wan and Feng Zhengbao, they prepared to establish the Zhengning Soviet Government. In March, Ziwen and Zhang Bangying led the cadres of the southern district to fight with the guerrillas because of the "encirclement and suppression" of the Nanliang base area by the enemy's Gaoguizi Department. In April, when Ziwen led the Red Group to attack Liquan and Binxian County, they wiped out the Chigan militia group in one fell swoop by "leading the snake out of the hole", and their morale was greatly boosted. In July, Ziwen, Liu Zhidan, Xi Zhongxun and others were arrested during the mistaken anti-revolutionary campaign.His wife Li Shengyun and his nieces Li Jinfang and Huang Peilan were all arrested, and Li Jinfang and Huang Peilan were killed. In October, the Central Red Army arrived in northern Shaanxi, and Ziwen and others were released. In November, Ziwen was assigned to work in the Wayaobao Red Army Arsenal. In March, he was transferred to be a political teacher in the Red Army School. In September, Ziwen accompanied the school from Wayaobao to Baoan. In October, the Red Army School moved to Huanxian County, Gansu Province, and was incorporated into the Central Red Army Instructor, accompanied by Ziwen. In December, the instructor moved to Qingyang, and Ziwen became a teacher of the Second Company of any regiment. In July, the Longdong Special Committee of the Communist Party of China was established, and Ziwen was transferred to work in the local area.Appointed as the director of "Qingyang Anti-enemy Support Association". In the same month, Ziwen met and worked with Li Shengyun, who was doing women's work in the Qingyang Anti-enemy Support Association. In May, Gao Gang, who was the secretary of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region, informed Ziwen to go to Yan'an in an attempt to harm Ziwen. Ziwen asked for leave from the Longdong Special Committee to return to Sanyuan.After Ziwen returned to Wuzi District, he immediately devoted himself to local anti-Japanese and national salvation activities. He set up an arsenal with Tan Guofan in his cave dwelling, repaired guns and made grenades for the Red Army, discussed with Liu Dezhi, and established a "Girls' Compulsory School" in Chang'ao, Sanyuan. ", training women cadres. In August, Li Shengyun also returned to Wuzi District to work as a teacher in a girls' compulsory school. In September, Ziwen led the young people selected by the Sanyuan County Committee of the Communist Party of China to participate in the Anwu Youth Training Class, and was organized into a peasant company, with Ziwen as the company commander. In June, Ziwen returned to Wuzi District after graduating from the youth training class. In the summer, our party practiced "capacity and concealment", and the Sanyuan Central County Committee of the Communist Party of China sent a traffic officer to send Ziwen to move to the provincial party committee in Zhaojin. In the winter of the same year, Huang Ziwen was transferred to Yan'an Marxist-Leninist College to study. Ziwen transferred to the Yan'an Research Institute, and went deep into the countryside to do investigation and research work. In spring, the Yan'an rectification movement began.Ziwen returned to his hometown. In March, Ziwen went to Mei County to visit Huang Zixiang, who was reclaiming wasteland and hiding here. In April, Ziwen went to Henan to look for a classmate from the Shanghai period, but did not meet. In May, Ziwen bought a box of bullets from Laohekou at the junction of Henan, Hubei, and Shaanxi and transported them back to Wuzi District. In March, I went to Weinan to visit Zhang Wenhua who had returned home for the New Year. In the same month, Ziwen met an old classmate, Shi Zhi, a commissioner of the Weinan Administrative Office, and was forced to go to Xi'an.Cheng Jianwen left Ziwen in Xi'an. In April, Ziwen got in touch with Liu Guangyuan through our party's traffic station. In spring, Ziwen married Zeng Fuyin in Xi'an. In August, through the relationship between Wang Hongjun (an early party member and later left the party) of the Shaanxi Provincial Bank and the political circle of Sanyuan of the Kuomintang, Ziwen served as the instructor of the fourth township of Lingmabaicuo, Sanyuan County of the Kuomintang. In early September, Ziwen investigated Niu Yaotang, the mayor of Lingqian Township, who embezzled 100,000 yuan and ordered it to be returned to the masses. On the 17th of the same month, Ziwen held a mass meeting in Ma'e Township, announcing that "the interest rate for lending loans is not allowed to be large, and the loan of grain 'combines' is not allowed to be heavy." This is the spirit of reducing rent and interest in the border area. In January, Ziwen sent a letter to Liu Guangyuan, asking him to pay attention to the safety of the armed forces team. In February, Ziwen contacted progressive people to reorganize the Luqiao Chamber of Commerce, making it a revolutionary liaison station and material distribution center. In October, as a representative of the people in Sanyuan, Ziwen sued the provincial supervisory envoy of the KMT Sanyuan county magistrate Chen Mao for embezzling the purchase of military rations, forcing the Shaanxi provincial government to transfer Chen away from Sanyuan. In April, Ziwen contacted Song Wenmei and Han Bozhong to hold a meeting at the home of Wang Zhidao, the vice president of the Luqiao Chamber of Commerce, and sent Song and Wang to collect enemy intelligence and contact the guerrillas. In May, Ziwen discussed with Sun Zhizheng and elected Guo Lisan, a member of the Communist Party, as the chairman of the township representatives in Lingqian and a member of the county council. In early June, when Ziwen learned that the Communist Party member Cui Guanyi and others were going to be arrested, he sent Liu Duogui from Doukou Farm to deliver the news to Cui Guanyi and others. In the same month, Ziwen and Sun Zhizheng discussed the establishment of three guerrilla groups: Ziwen was on the banks of the Xihe (Zhuoyu River), Zixiang was on the banks of the Donghe (Zhaoshi River), and Sun Zhizheng was organizing a guerrilla group in the central region. In July, Ziwen received news from the Weinan Military Command Station that the enemy was planning to arrest Zhang Wenhua and others, so he went to Zhang Wenhua's home to urge him to hide temporarily. In winter, through Song Wenmei and Li Menghua, Ziwen bought more than 50 boxes of ammunition in Xi'an and stored them in Tongjifang, Xi'an North Street, and then transported them back to Sanyuan. In March, the Lingqian Township Township Representatives elected Ziwen as the head of Lingqian Township. In the middle of the same month, Ziwen and Sun Zhizheng, the deputy head of the township and a member of the Communist Party, jointly studied the specific plan for the armed uprising. At the end of the same month, Ziwen, Zixiang, Guo Lisan, and Sun Zhi were having a meeting at the "Tiancheng Heliang Store" in Lingqian Town to study the uprising again, and sent Lan Zijing to the border area to ask for instructions. In mid-April, Ziwen, Zhizheng, and Sun Yijun held a meeting at Lan Zijing's home, and sent Sun Yijun to the border area to report on the preparations for the uprising. On the evening of May 4th, when our army liberated Yao County, Ziwen heard gunshots, called Zhizheng and others for a meeting overnight, and decided to revolt in advance. On the 5th, Ziwen and Zixiang confiscated weapons and ammunition from the Ma'e Township Self-Defense Force. On the 6th, more than a hundred people from the uprising reorganized at Xiaodaokou and went north to the border area overnight. On the 7th, Tan Guofan, Commander of the Weibei Corps, and Zhang Zhongtao, Organization Director of the Weibei Working Committee of the Communist Party of China, greeted the insurgents led by Ziwen, Zixiang, and Zhizheng at Beizi Kumei. On the 9th, the uprising personnel were organized into a detachment of the General Wei, with Zixiang and Ziwen as the principal and deputy detachment leaders, and Sun Zhizheng as the political director. On June 24, Ziwen was wounded in the Xiaodaokou battle. On the 25th, Ziwen died in Yandang Village. At the end of the month, Ziwen was buried at the foot of Phoenix Mountain. On November 10, the Guanzhong Prefectural Committee of the Communist Party of China held a meeting in Malan, announcing the decision of the Northwest Bureau of the Communist Party of China to ratify Ziwen's party membership. The party organization relocated Ziwen's coffin to Ganluchi Village, Lingqian Township, Sanyuan County. In November, the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Government built the "Monument to the Martyrs in the Weibei Revolutionary Base Area" in Ziwen's hometown.