Chapter 21 Chapter 6 Anti-big anti-big, the greater the resistance

Fifty years have passed, and earth-shaking changes have taken place in our country.However, the resounding singing of "The School Anthem of the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese Military and Political University" by thousands of heroic revolutionary youths still lingers in my ears; their lively figures reappear in front of my eyes. Where did the batches of passionate youths of the Anti-Japanese University come from?They basically come from three sources: some are veteran cadres of the Red Army who have been tested in the Agrarian Revolutionary War and the Long March. The cadres of the underground party organizations in the district), after being trained and improved by the Anti-Japanese University, they returned to various units and regions to lead troops to fight, or led the masses to fight against Japan and build base areas, and became a strong backbone force in the Anti-Japanese War; Another part is the revolutionary intellectual youth from all over the country. Driven by the upsurge of the anti-Japanese national salvation movement, they came to Yan'an and various anti-Japanese base areas. A vigorous new force on all fronts.These three groups of comrades gathered from inside and outside the Great Wall, north and south of the Yangtze River, on the banks of the Yellow River, at the foot of the Pagoda Mountain, on the Taihang Mountains and in various anti-Japanese base areas, united under the banner of the Communist Party, and shouldered the important task of resisting Japan, saving the nation, and liberating mankind.They are all worthy of being the outstanding descendants of the Chinese nation, and they are all worthy of being the pioneers of laborers.

The cadres of various units to study in the Anti-Japanese University are generally selected and sent by leaders at all levels. Although some have to pass through the enemy's blockade, trek through mountains and rivers, and go through hardships, they are all arranged by leaders at all levels to take care of them. It was as difficult and tortuous as the revolutionary intellectual youths from all over the country went to Yan'an and the anti-Japanese base areas.Therefore, here I will focus on describing some situations in which revolutionary intellectual youths from various places entered the Anti-Japanese University.

After the "September 18th Incident" in 1931, Japanese imperialism continued to expand its aggression against our country.At this critical juncture of the nation's life and death, Chiang Kai-shek's non-resistance doctrine and crimes of persecuting anti-Japanese patriots angered the people of all walks of life across the country who were eager to resist Japan, especially the vast number of revolutionary youth.They pinned their hopes of expelling the Japanese invaders and saving China on the Communist Party and the People's Army.After the "June 7th Incident" in 1937, Yan'an became the revolutionary holy place and the center of the Anti-Japanese War.The Anti-Japanese War has subsequently become the revolutionary melting pot that young people across the country, especially revolutionary educated youth, yearn for.Therefore, batch after batch of revolutionary intellectuals traveled thousands of miles, broke through the blockades of Japanese invaders and Kuomintang diehards, came to the Anti-Japanese University to seek the truth of resisting Japan and saving the country, and participated in the Anti-Japanese War.According to statistics, during the four months from May to August 1938 alone, as many as 2,288 revolutionary youths were introduced to Yan'an by the "Eighth Route Army Offices" in Wuhan, Xi'an and other places.At that time, Comrade Mao Zedong had repeatedly instructed: "Revolutionary Youth" is the admission requirement for the university students; A sticker was posted on the telephone poles, opening the door to school for revolutionary youth across the country.At that time, our political organs received many revolutionary youths, read many autobiographies written by them, and heard and witnessed many touching stories, which are still fresh in my memory.

Chiang Kai-shek pursued the reactionary policy of "to fight against the outside world, we must first settle down at home", and successively handed over the great rivers and mountains of the three northeastern provinces to Japanese imperialism.The Northeast people, who were first ravaged by the Japanese invaders, were in dire straits.The young people in the Northeast have deeply experienced the tragic situation of the country being ruined and the family being ruined and people like grass from the painful experience.They often gather together and sing anti-Japanese songs such as "My home is on the Songhua River in the northeast" and "Go back to my hometown" with tragic and sobbing voices. The way to save the country and the family.After the Red Army’s Long March arrived in northern Shaanxi in October 1935, exiled students from the Northeast saw the hope of resisting Japan and saving the country from our Party’s “August 1 Declaration” and the positive actions of the Red Army’s Eastern and Western Expeditions, and some people went to northern Shaanxi one after another ; After the "July 7th Incident", a large number of people flocked into Yan'an and entered the Anti-Japanese University.Li Dongye, a student of the Department of Electrical Engineering of Northeastern University, and a dozen other students, like tens of thousands of exiled students from Northeast China, went from Northeast to Guanzhong and participated in the "1.29 Movement" and anti-Japanese propaganda work in Beiping. Expose the bloody crimes of the Japanese invaders and arouse the patriotic enthusiasm of the people.After the fall of Peking, they went into exile again in Jinan and Nanjing.Some of these students went to Shandong and central Hebei to participate in guerrilla warfare in the winter of 1937 with the education and help of the Northeast Special Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Northeast National Salvation Association. A group of students including Li Dongye were introduced by the Nanjing Eighth Route Army Office to defect to Yan'an , Studying in the third phase of the Anti-Japanese University.Bai Jingfan, a female student whose hometown is on the edge of Heilongjiang, went to Peiping alone at the age of fifteen in order not to be a subjugated slave after the "September 1st Incident", and went to the National Northeast Zhongshan Middle School.After the fall of Peking, she followed the school and fled to the rear of the Kuomintang, and actively participated in the school's anti-Japanese propaganda work.But there is a world where "traitoring the country is meritorious, resisting Japan is guilty", and she was finally expelled by the school authorities.At this most difficult time, the Chengdu branch of the Northeast National Salvation Association took her in and kept her working in the branch.In July 1939, Gao Chongmin, leader of the Northeast National Salvation Association, brought her back to Xi'an to work.Soon, she was introduced to Yan'an, where she began to study at the Women's University, and then entered the Northeast Cadre Training Team of the Anti-Japanese War.

Beiping and Tianjin were the birthplaces of the "1.29 Movement" led by our party, and they were also the centers of the Anti-Japanese National Salvation Movement in the Kuomintang-ruled areas at that time.Beginning in the spring of 1936, some activists from the Pingjin student movement, including underground party members of the School of Law and Business of National Peking University, chairman of the Student Anti-Japanese Salvation Association Peng Youjin, and committee member Guo Qi, went to Yan'an to study at the Anti-Japanese University.At that time, Niu Kelun, a member of the Anti-Japanese National Salvation Congress and the leader of the picket team, who was still in the school, and his classmate Liu Weining, as well as Gong Kefei, Hao Renchu, a student of the National Normal University, and many other activists, after the "1.29 Movement" Fighting and tempering, politically also gradually matured, under the leadership of the party and the "Chinese National Liberation Vanguard" (referred to as "Ministry"), continued to carry out the anti-Japanese and national salvation movement.On July 28, 1937, the Japanese invading army occupied Beiping. After they went into exile in Tianjin, they moved to Yantai, Jinan, Zhengzhou, Kaifeng and other places together with the exiled students in Tianjin. The exiled classmates were sent to various anti-Japanese base areas.At the beginning of December, they also passed through Xi'an in batches and arrived at the Kangda University.As soon as Niu Kelun came to study in the ninth team of the third phase of the Anti-Japanese University, he was elected as the director of the "Salvation Room" (that is, the club) on the same day. In less than a month, he was absorbed into the party and continued to play a key role.Under the influence of the turbulent anti-Japanese national salvation movement, many educated youths from bourgeois or feudal landlord families also resolutely embarked on the revolutionary road and came to the Anti-Japanese University.Here, I will just cite a very typical example: One day in the spring of 1939, Zhang Xiangqi, the grandson of Yuan Shikai and the grandson of Zhang Renjun, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi in the Qing Dynasty, was returning home from school when a high-ranking officer of the Japanese army entered Beiping City. The puppet army was heavily guarded, showing off their might, and blocked the sixteen-year-old Zhang Xiangqi on Dongsi Pailou Street, unable to return home.Zhang Xiangqi was young and energetic, and he uttered a few complaints. A Japanese soldier overheard him and slapped Zhang Xiangqi on the cheek twice.He went home and cried loudly under the quilt. The humiliation, resentment, and anger made him unable to eat or sleep for several days and nights.The two slaps from the Japanese soldiers woke up the "little young master" who was immersed in his studies, and made him experience the shame and humiliation of being a "subjugated slave".From then on, with the education and help of the "Minist Pioneers" and progressive classmates, he quickly awakened.Later, he went to Fu Jen Catholic University, joined the "Minist Pioneers", and actively participated in the anti-Japanese struggle.In August 1942, he broke with the feudal and bureaucratic family, and fled Peiping under the pseudonym Ai Di (homophonic: meaning loving the land of his motherland). He joined the party and transformed from a "little master" into a communist fighter.For more than 40 years, he has withstood various tests, persisted in the revolution, engaged in the party's education, and became an associate professor of philosophy at the Central Party School.

Following the fall of Ping and Tianjin, Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuhan and many other large and medium cities fell one after another.More and more educated young people wandered in other places and became homeless; even if Fang Fang wanted to do some "responsibility" for the Anti-Japanese War with the Kuomintang government in exile, he was restricted everywhere and could not be free.Therefore, many revolutionary youths finally defected to the Anti-Japanese University after bumping into walls everywhere.Lu Zijing, Xing Fangqun, Ding Zhigang, Chen Jian and other young students from Nankai University in Tianjin went into exile in Chongqing with the school. Dissatisfied with the passive resistance of the Kuomintang government, they jointly wrote a letter to Comrade Zhou Enlai in the office of the Eighth Route Army in Chongqing.Comrade Zhou Enlai personally wrote back letters to these panic-stricken young people, enthusiastically encouraging them to continue to carry forward the spirit of resisting Japan and saving the country, and suggested to them: After graduation, whether it is good to continue to study or go to the front line, as long as you persist in resisting Japan, you can go anywhere. Play the role of youth.They were greatly encouraged by the warm and caring reply from Comrade Zhou Enlai.Lu Zijing, Ding Zhigang, Chen Jian and other students were introduced to Yan'an through the underground party and entered the Anti-Japanese University.In February 1938, two educated young men, Shi Yu and Zhou Rongguo, assistant accountants of the Chengdu Telegraph Bureau, wrote to Commander-in-Chief Zhu De, requesting to join the Eighth Route Army to fight the enemy and serve the country.Commander-in-Chief Zhu wrote back to them saying: "As long as you are determined to come to the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army with your luggage on your back, we warmly welcome you." After receiving the reply, they were very happy and immediately prepared to pack and set off.But because Linfen was lost at that time and the traffic was blocked, Shi Yu and Zhou Rongguo went from Chengdu to Xi'an via Hankou, and then walked to Yan'an Anti-Japanese University to study with their backpacks on their backs.

At that time, it was not easy for the revolutionary youth in the enemy-occupied areas and the Kuomintang ruled areas to find the way to resist Japan.In the spring of 1939, Dai Shengxiang, an 18-year-old educated youth from Tanxi County, Anhui Province, joined the army and went alone to a "guerrilla" of the Kuomintang to work as a propagandist.At the beginning, he worked very hard, publicizing the anti-Japanese principles to the masses and teaching and singing songs for salvation.However, after a few days he discovered that this so-called Kuomintang "guerrilla" not only did not fight the Japanese devils, but also oppressed the masses.In a fit of anger, he ran home.Soon, he heard that the guerrillas of the New Fourth Army were an anti-Japanese team, so he ran to Xinxingji to find the guerrillas and joined the work.In March 1940, the fourth branch of the Anti-Japanese University was established in Beimazhongji, Guoyang County. Organizationally, he was sent to the Anti-Japanese University to study and train him to be an excellent guerrilla cadre.

In the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, the revolutionary youths in the literary and art circles were a light cavalry to publicize the Anti-Japanese War and arouse the people.Under the leadership of the underground organization of the Communist Party, they organized many "field service groups" and "national salvation drama teams".The "Third Office of the Political Department of the Military Commission of the Nationalist Government" led by Guo Moruo alone organized more than a dozen "National Salvation Drama Troupes".They were active on the front line of the Anti-Japanese War and played a great role.Later, because the diehards of the Kuomintang tried their best to obstruct and sabotage the work, it was difficult to carry out the work. Many of them went to Yan'an one after another: some members of the entire drama team went to Yan'an together to enter the Anti-Japanese University;When the Japanese invaded aggressively on August 13, 1937, Fang Ming, a young student in Shanghai, actively participated in the activities of the refugee shelter and the "National Salvation Drama Team of the Alumni Association Studying in Japan".On the eve of the fall of Shanghai, she was incorporated into the 11th team of the Shanghai "National Salvation Drama Team" organized by Guo Moruo to carry out anti-Japanese propaganda.Later, he moved to Wuhan with his younger sister Fang Zheng, who was only eleven or twelve years old. Due to the difficult situation, with the help of the underground party, he followed the third team of Shanghai "National Salvation Drama Team" led by Guang Weiran to Yan'an. Put my younger sister to study in "Lu Xun Primary School", and enter the fourth period of the Anti-Japanese University by myself.At that time, there were quite a few cultural people who came to the Anti-Japanese University to study and work.As far as I know, among them are film and drama actors Lu Ban (participated in the movie "Cross Street"), Tian Fang, Sun Weishi, cinematographer Xu Xiaobing, composers He Luting, Zheng Lucheng, and Yan Sun, Pei Dongli, Ouyang Shan Zun, Mo Ye, Shi Ruoxu, Wang Yang, Zhang Ping, Yan Yiyan, Lin Hanliu (a student studying in Japan), Ling Xia, Yan Xi, Fan Xingxian and many other cultural figures.Their arrival greatly invigorated the literary and artistic work in Yan'an and the anti-Japanese base areas in the enemy's rear.

On June 2, 1939, Zhang Jichun, Director of the Political Department of the Anti-Japanese University, published a commemorative article "The Third Anniversary of the Anti-Japanese University's Struggle for the Chinese Nation and the Chinese People" in the "New China News", describing the enthusiasm of the revolutionary youth at that time. The scene of going to the Anti-Japanese University and actively defecting to Yan'an.He wrote: "Some of them meet mothers and daughters, couples, sisters, brothers, relatives and friends, teachers and students, and even officials and subordinates, and come to live in groups in groups. Some are not afraid of thousands. Mountains and rivers, not afraid of hardships and hardships, do everything possible to break through all restrictions to live against the Great. Their cry is: "The national crisis is serious, we can't live forever, and there is no way to save the country. They all want to fight against the Great." (Letter from Xiang); Be sure to come to the Anti-Japanese University to study' (Ao letter); "Until the Anti-Japanese University swears endlessly" (Chuan letter); "Every day does not think about the Anti-Japanese University" (Letter from Fujian and Jiangxi).

It is true.For example, Sun Weishi, the daughter of the martyr Sun Bingwen, was introduced by Comrade Zhou Enlai in 1937 to study in the third phase of the Yan'an Anti-Japanese University from the Kuomintang ruled area, and she was on the same team as her mother Ren Rui.Fu Ya, a female student from Shangyu County, Zhejiang Province, was only eighteen or nineteen years old. In November 1937, she brought her younger brother Fu Shen and younger sister Fu Ying, traveling thousands of miles to study in the fourth phase of Yan'an Anti-Japanese University.The touching deeds of these mothers, daughters and classmates, sisters and classmates, became good stories for a while.

Among the revolutionary youths who defected to Yan'an, some were originally military and political personnel of the Kuomintang, and some were members of the Kuomintang, the Three Youth League, youth party members or secret agents.Inspired by their righteous indignation against Chiang Kai-shek's passive anti-Japanese and active anti-communism, they resolutely left the Kuomintang and rushed to Yan'an to join the torrent of anti-Japanese and national salvation. Before the "Xi'an Incident", officers and soldiers of the Northeast Army and the Seventeenth Route Army (Northwest Army) were driven by Chiang Kai-shek to attack the Red Army. , successively imprisoned Zhang Xueliang and General Yang Hucheng, and tried every means to disintegrate and annex the Northeast Army and the Seventeenth Route Army for various crimes.Among the Northeast Army were Li Yanlu, the former commander of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Army, Zhang Weijiu, the former Lieutenant General and Division Commander of the 112th Division of the Northeast Army (son of Zhang Zuoxiang, the former Jilin Governor), Zhang Xuesi, the younger brother of General Zhang Xueliang, and Gao Cunxin, the son of Gao Chongmin, a well-known Northeast progressive. There are many comrades such as Chen Jianfei (Chen Feng), Yang Tian, ​​and Han Fudong, students of the military academy; in the Northwest Army, there are General Feng Yuxiang's nephew Feng Wenhua (later the dean of the Eighth Branch of the Anti-Japanese University), Yang Zhengmin, the son of General Yang Hucheng, and the son of General Zhao Shoushan. His son Zhao Yuanjie, his daughter-in-law Luo Lan, and Li Wei, the son of an army commander; in addition, General Fu Zuoyi's younger brother Fu Zuoliang and other comrades also defected to the Anti-Japanese University to study or work.In view of the fact that many officers and soldiers of the Northeast Army and the 17th Route Army defected to Yan'an, Comrade Zhou Enlai had a far-sighted view and put forward timely suggestions for training Northeast cadres. The third Northeast cadre training team has trained more than 200 Northeast cadres.These cadres contributed a lot to the recovery of the Northeast and the final liberation of the Northeast.There are also many military and political personnel of the Kuomintang who broke through many barriers and defected to Yan'an. Their dedication and courage to serve the country are admirable. After the "July 7th Incident", the young student Zhou Xiangfan ran from Sichuan to Nanjing with the ideal of resisting Japan and saving the country, where he was admitted to the Kuomintang Central Gendarmerie School and trained in the sergeant team.Not long after school started, Japanese invaders invaded Shanghai and approached Nanjing. Before Nanjing heard the sound of cannons, the Gendarmerie School fled from Nanjing to Changsha and planned to flee to Sichuan.Zhou Xiangfan thought to himself, he just came out of Sichuan to fight against the Japanese, and fled back to his hometown without firing a single shot, how could he have the face to meet his folks and elders?While wandering in resentment, I suddenly saw the "Admission Brochure" of the Anti-Japanese University on the streets of Changsha, as if seeing a glimmer of light in the dark, so I made an appointment with my classmate Li Zhe and got a blank letter of introduction. Wearing a yellow woolen military uniform, he swaggered through the checkpoints, passed through Wuhan to the Eighth Route Army Office in Xi'an, and ran towards the light like this.Huang Lie, a lieutenant instructor at the Central Military Academy of the Kuomintang, also had a similar situation.After graduating from Guangdong Provincial Guangzhou Sports College, he was employed as a lieutenant physical education instructor at the Guangzhou Branch of the Kuomintang Central Military Academy.In August 1938, Japanese planes bombed Guangzhou, completely paralyzing the military academy.Facts taught Huang Lie that if he wanted to fight against Japan, he had to go to the Eighth Route Army.For the convenience of going north, he put on the uniform of the Kuomintang officer, lined with a military school sweat vest with the words "sincere and united", and the rattan box contained the "Certificate of Appointment" of the military school instructor with Chiang Kai-shek's signature and seal. The Kuomintang military and police had many checkpoints, and they arrived in Luochuan on September 13 to study in the Sixth Brigade of the Anti-Japanese University.On the train to Xi'an, he impromptu wrote a lyric poem: "Youth is determined to go out of the hometown, and the revolution will not be fulfilled; why should the mulberry land be buried, the world is full of green hills." In this way, he expressed his revolutionary A promise without hesitation. The Tenth Brigade of the Fourth Brigade of the Fourth Phase of the Anti-Japanese University was a team with a relatively large number of Kuomintang military and political personnel. There were six Kuomintang county magistrates. Among them, Ma Yuzhang, the magistrate of Yan’an County of the Kuomintang, was an underground party member, and the other five were indeed true county magistrates of the Kuomintang. There is a leader of the Kuomintang.They voluntarily gave up their rich official life and went to the Anti-Japanese University to seek the truth of resisting Japan and saving the country. They all performed well. The anti-Japanese front line sacrificed heroically.From these facts, we can see how attractive the Anti-Dalian University was at that time. The iron hooves of the Japanese invaders broke through China's Jin Ou, and also broke the hearts of overseas children.After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, many overseas Chinese anti-Japanese and national salvation groups were established one after another. Many young overseas Chinese students took to the streets to conduct anti-Japanese propaganda, fund-raising, and charity sales. Thousands of patriotic overseas Chinese generously donated their money. In May 1940, overseas Chinese donated more than 600 million yuan, and also donated a large amount of medicine, cold clothes and various materials.However, many young overseas Chinese were not satisfied with supporting the motherland in the war of resistance in material and spiritual aspects.In order to save the motherland from peril, batches of young overseas Chinese formed the "Overseas Chinese Field Service Corps" and "Overseas Chinese Journalist Corps" and returned to the motherland to directly participate in the battle;Chen Ming, a young overseas Chinese from Kuala Lumpur, Malaya, bid farewell to his parents and fiancee in April 1938, and returned to the motherland with his classmate Chen Rensong to join the Yan'an Anti-Japanese University. Lin Yousheng, Bai Ren, Li Jinfa, Chen Gengguo and other young overseas Chinese students, in May and June of 1938, invited eight students to detour from Fujian Jimei Middle School to Guangzhou, found the Eighth Route Army Communication Office, and asked to enter the Anti-Japanese University Learn.At the beginning, the comrades in the communications office were worried that they would not be able to endure hardships, so they told them the truth about the hardships of the journey and the hard life in Yan'an, and asked them to consider it.Three of the students hesitated; while Lin Yousheng, Bai Ren and other five young people were determined. They arrived in Xi'an in August 1938 and walked eight or nine days to Yan'an.At that time, there were too many educated youths in Yan'an, and the Anti-Japanese University assigned them to the Fifth Brigade. They lived in Yan'an for only a dozen days, and immediately marched with the Fifth Brigade to Qingyang Town, Gansu Province, to participate in the construction of school buildings.In December 1938, the Fifth Battalion was ordered to advance behind enemy lines to establish the first branch school.They marched again, braved the severe cold, and passed through the enemy's blockade again. It was not until they arrived in Changzhi and Lucheng in the Taihang Mountains in February 1939 that they stopped and started to study.These five young overseas Chinese, out of their enthusiasm for resisting Japan and saving the country, were mentally prepared to endure arduous struggle and training. During the half-year march and labor, they became stronger and successfully completed the first lesson of entering the Anti-Japanese University.Since then, they have been trained in decades of revolutionary struggles. Lin Yousheng served as the commander of the Jiangsu Provincial Military Region; Among the young intellectuals who defected to the Anti-Japanese University, there were Zhai Moran, Huo Ding, Yang Xianwu and other Chinese students returning from studying abroad. Among them, a Chinese student named Huang Nai was very eye-catching.His original name was Huang Yihuan, and he was the son of Huang Xing, one of the leaders of the Revolution of 1911 and the commander-in-chief of the Wuchang Uprising.He went east to Japan to study in 1936 and joined a left-wing student group. During this period, he was arrested and detained by the Japanese side, and he was rescued back to China by management.In the spring of 1938, he arrived in Yan'an and entered the fourth phase of the Anti-Japanese University.According to incomplete statistics, there were 64 overseas Chinese, overseas students, and young people from Hong Kong and Macao who came to Kangda to study in the fourth period and 95 in the fifth period.Because most of the overseas Chinese young people came back to China one after another after the Anti-Japanese War broke out for a period of time and learned about the situation in the motherland. Due to the war and the enemy's blockade, it was more difficult to go to Yan'an, so the number of people scattered in various base areas was relatively large.In October 1941, the "Huazhong Brigade" (the predecessor of the Ninth Branch) of the Anti-Japanese University accepted nearly a hundred overseas Chinese youths who had returned from Indonesia and some countries in Southeast Asia, and formed a team.After graduating in April 1942, he was assigned to work in the New Fourth Army.The patriotic spirit of overseas children serving the motherland is worthy of praise. The Anti-Japanese University has not only Chinese revolutionary youth, but also young friends from Korea, Vietnam, Japan and other countries.They sympathized with the Chinese people's anti-Japanese struggle and supported the Chinese revolution with the spirit of internationalism; some devoted their whole lives to the Chinese revolution, and even gave their precious lives.Their spirit of internationalism and heroic deeds should also be recorded in the glorious history of the Anti-Japanese University. Among the students in the first phase of the Anti-Japanese University were Wu Ting, an old comrade from North Korea who participated in our country’s Agrarian Revolutionary War, and Hong Hong, an old Vietnamese comrade. Twenty-six, for example, the fourth period includes North Korean comrades such as Zhang Zhenguang, Li Tiezhong, and Zheng Wenzhu; the fifth period includes Li Gensheng, Li Weimin, and several North Korean comrades from the Northeast Cadre Training Team; Friend Yoshida Taro.Among these international friends, the North Korean comrade Wang Xinhu was once the head of education of the fifth branch of the Anti-Japanese University of the New Fourth Army. He made great contributions to the construction and development of the fifth branch school. Many enduring works, such as "Ode to Yanshuiwan", "Military Song of the Eighth Route Army", inspired people to fight bravely for the victory of the Anti-Japanese War.Many of the songs and pieces of music he created with clear rhythm and mighty majesty will remain in the world forever and in the hearts of the comrades of the Anti-Japanese War. In December 1939, Chiang Kai-shek and Yan Xishan set off the first anti-communist upsurge and launched the "December Incident" in Shanxi. Six armies were concentrated to attack our anti-Japanese death squad, destroying the anti-Japanese democratic regime and killing a large number of Communist Party members and anti-Japanese fighters surrounded and arrested progressive teachers and students of the "National Revolutionary University".In this serious situation, many revolutionary youths fought back under the leadership of the party. After tenacious struggles, they rushed to Yan'an and entered the Anti-Japanese University.Dozens of progressive students, such as the patriotic youth Lin Ying, were divided into several groups under the leadership of Li Botian and other Communist Party members.Cui Guanghua, Yao Jun, Yang Jinong and other intellectual youths in Shanxi Province graduated from the Shanxi military and political training class, and were assigned to work in the National Army Officer Teaching Corps, and joined the Communist Party successively.They united a group of political workers and soldiers in the teaching group. Later, when they saw that Yan Xishan's old army was going to kill them, they resolutely led more than 20 political workers, broke through the blockade, forcibly crossed the Yellow River, and collectively defected to Yan'an and entered the Anti-Japanese War. Big.In November 1939, Shanxi's "National Revolutionary University" sent people to Chengdu, Sichuan to recruit 152 educated youths under the banner of resisting Japan.In February 1940, when they marched to Luochuan, they learned that Yan Xishan had launched the "December Incident". Under the secret organization of young people such as Wang Jiaguang and Wang Zhongshi, the tea house in Fu County (now Fu County) The area controlled the spies, collectively turned to Yan'an, and joined the Anti-Japanese War.They also jointly published an open letter to Yan Xishan on the "New China News" on February 14, disclosing the truth about their defection to Yan'an.In the letter, Yan Xishan was criticized and said: "Because you backed the car, our young people had to leave you. If you still want to be young, you have to go back and make progress quickly."The righteous words are strict and vividly exposed the crimes of Chiang Kai-shek and Yan Xishan who pretended to resist Japan and really opposed the Communist Party. In order to prevent the revolutionary youth from going to Yan'an, the diehards of the Kuomintang alternately used soft and hard methods, but the revolutionary youth continued to rush to Yan'an. On the way from Xi'an to Yan'an, they set up Xianyang, Caotan, Sanyuan, Yaoxian, Tongchuan, Central (now Huangling), Luochuan and other seven checkpoints intercepted revolutionary youths going to Yan'an and graduated students from Yan'an who went to the anti-Japanese front line, sent them to concentration camps to be imprisoned and killed, or forced them to serve as spies.In June 1939, the Provincial Party Headquarters of the Kuomintang in Shaanxi Province pretended to "receive young people who went to public schools in northern Shaanxi and the Anti-Japanese University, and help young people to study in northern Shaanxi", and sent spies on the Xianyu Line to kidnap and rob two hundred A number of revolutionary youths set up the so-called "Fourth Cadre Regiment Special Training Corps" outside the North Gate of Xianyang, and openly detained the revolutionary youths going to Yan'an.In November, the "Special Training Corps" was expanded into the "Northwest Youth Labor Camp" and became an "educational institution" directly under the Chongqing Military Commission.The headquarters of the battalion is located in Xianyang, directly under the jurisdiction of the first corps, and an independent brigade is established in Luoyang and Lanzhou.In 1940, the battalion headquarters and the first corps moved from Xianyang to the Northeast New Village outside Xiguanwai, Xi'an, and the number of revolutionary youths kidnapped increased to seven or eight hundred.The so-called "cadre training teams" and "labor camps" are actually fascist concentration camps. The "students" lived a life like prisoners. If they resisted a little, they would be locked up in confinement, or beaten to death or buried alive.A young man surnamed Zhu was hanged to death for singing "March of the Volunteers" in a confinement room.With regard to these atrocities committed by Chiang Kai-shek, our Party Central Committee issued "Ten Demands to the Kuomintang" on February 1, 1940 at the Yan'an people's denunciation of Wang Jingwei, solemnly putting forward the demand for "protecting the youth", pointing out: " There was a concentration camp near Xi'an, where more than 700 progressive young people from the Northwest and Central Plains provinces were detained and enslaved mentally and physically. ?” ("Selected Works of Mao Zedong", Volume II, p. 682) Under the protest of the Party Central Committee, the solidarity of the people across the country, the rescue of the "Eighth Route Army Office" in Xi'an, and the struggle of the revolutionary youth inside the labor camp, some young people were able to escape from the tiger's mouth. Arrived in Yan'an; but there were also many young people who were persecuted to become insane or sacrificed honorably. Comrade Mao Zedong spoke highly of the spirit of revolutionary youth walking eight hundred miles from Xi'an to Yan'an.He said: You went to Yan'an to find the Communist Party, the direction is right, it is not easy, this is a great test.There is no exam in the Jinkang University. Everyone came to Yan'an through the enemy's blockade. This is the best exam.He took special care of the educated young people who came to the Anti-Japanese University. Every time there were more than a hundred people, he would personally meet them and talk with them cordially.At the beginning of February 1937, he received a group of young intellectuals from Peking, and after welcoming them, he continued: The Anti-Japanese University in Yan’an is different from your college students in Peking. Peking University, Tsinghua University, and Yenching University, There are auditoriums, classrooms, laboratories, libraries, tables, chairs, and famous professors; we have nothing here.He pointed to the open-air venue and said: This is the classroom, you see, there are no tables, chairs or benches.The material conditions of our Anti-Japanese War are relatively poor. Comrades must be prepared to endure hardships, and only through hardships can we revolutionize.However, there is one thing that makes us different from other military schools, that is, our Anti-Japanese University is a university that studies the principles of revolution, national liberation and social liberation.We have a lot of people, one or two thousand people; our ideals are big and our goals are big. Our big school did not exist in China before, and it is very rare in the world.Another time, Comrade Mao Zedong knew that Guo Qi, a member of the Anti-Japanese National Salvation Congress and an underground party member of Peking University students who participated in the "129 Movement", had come to Yan'an and lived in the Northwest Hotel, so he visited him at the hotel and asked him about the thoughts of the young students at that time The situation and the dynamics of the student movement in Peking continued until late at night. Comrade Zhu De is also caring for the revolutionary youth.In October 1938, he took advantage of the opportunity of returning to Yan'an to participate in the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to visit the students of the Tenth Brigade of the Anti-Fourth Brigade in person.He heard from the instructor Lei Qin that the team consisted of six Kuomintang county magistrates, one Kuomintang regiment leader, and young overseas Chinese. What is the difficulty?When he met Li Yumei, a young overseas Chinese from Malaya, he patted Li on the shoulder very kindly and said: "It is not easy for you to travel across the ocean and return to the motherland to participate in the national liberation war! Our overseas Chinese love For the motherland, this kind of spirit is very precious!" After Comrade Zhu De left, the head of the Kuomintang team surnamed Zhang said to Instructor Lei: "A cadre as big as Commander-in-Chief Zhu traveled so far to see us. He didn't even sit down, but stood there and talked with us, he was so approachable and amiable, no wonder the Red Army fought so bravely in the past, the officers are like brothers, who wouldn't work hard?" He also said: "Listen to the commander-in-chief, It’s better than studying for ten years! My visit to Yan’an this time was not in vain, and I also met Commander-in-Chief Zhu. After I graduate, I will be satisfied as a member of the Eighth Route Army.” Sure enough, this "Tuan Zhang" after graduation Assigned to the front line, he fought bravely and died on the battlefield. In September 1939, when Comrade Zhu De met the graduates of the first phase of the first branch of the Anti-Japanese University in the Taihang Mountains, he learned that there were people from most provinces in the country among them. You have come to the Anti-Japanese University. You represent the youth of the whole country, and the people of the whole country.” These few words clarify a truth: this group of outstanding descendants of the Chinese nation gathers on the banks of the Yellow River, and they represent the will of the youth and the people of the whole country. , To overthrow the three mountains and build a brand new China!