Chapter 26 Information about the Second Department of Yan'an Central Party School

In the spring of 1946, I was transferred to the Second Department of the Central Party School to study. This year, the Second Department of the Party School ushered in three major events: first, some comrades from the Chongqing office of our party withdrew to Yan'an; second, Comrade Wang Zhen led the troops back to Yan'an from southern Shaanxi; , Back to Yan'an.They all lived in the second department, and the last two major events are the most memorable ones so far.The domestic situation at that time was that the Chiang Kai-shek reactionaries tore up the "Double Ten Agreement" negotiated in Chongqing and launched a civil war.

Under such circumstances, Comrade Wang Zhen led the troops through southern Shaanxi, and then returned to the border from Longdong in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region.When the soldiers and civilians from our border area came to greet them on the border, they saw Wang Zhen's troops were dressed in rags and were emaciated. When they met, they embraced tightly and wept bitterly. They finally returned to Yan'an, and the main cadres lived in the second department of the party school to recuperate.Comrade Wang Zhen was weak and sick, so he spoke in a weak voice in the conference room of the Second Ministry.

Comrade Wang Zhen said that when the troops arrived in southern Shaanxi, it was a more difficult period in his life than the Long March. He often took out Chairman Mao's photos from his pocket to look at, which strengthened his confidence and strength.At that time, the autumn rains were continuous, and the soles of the soldiers' feet were soaked into hornets' nests, and their clothes were soaked. Only the crotch was dry, which could be used as a gun cleaning cloth; Tender corn cores.When they reached the mountain, the smart soldiers heard the enemy passing by. When the enemy's tired logistics troops came down the mountain, the soldiers went down the mountain to pretend to be the enemy and carried the bullet boxes for them. Our army exhausted all the bullets and gained a lot Replenish.During the operation, the artillerymen were reluctant to discard the cannon. A soldier said that the number on the cannon was recorded in his notebook by Commander Zhu.The soldiers were so lovely, they were loyal to the Communist Party, and finally returned to Yan'an. Some of the lost cadres and soldiers also returned to northern Shaanxi.When listening to Wang Zhen's report, many comrades burst into tears.

The leaders of the party school conveyed that the comrades who came out of the Xinjiang prison came back in a car and asked us to meet them outside the school gate. On this day, we were full of passion and waited at the school gate. Large trucks filled with more than a hundred dear comrades came back.Some jumped out of the car by themselves, and several comrades lost their thighs.There is also a couple, a gay man who is blind in both eyes. Our classmate Zhang Guangtian was released from Suzhou Prison. He can best understand the feelings of comrades who have been released from prison. He carried the comrade who lost a pair of thighs all the way to the dormitory. A comrade who was blind in one thigh and both eyes also walked into the dormitory.Comrade Ma Mingfang, an alternate member of the Central Committee of our party, was tortured by the enemy, leaving a scar on his back burned with a red-hot iron rod.After they returned to Yan'an, they were warmly welcomed by the leading comrades of the Party Central Committee and everyone. The welcome article published in the "Liberation Daily" said: Those who are alive are steadfast and unyielding, and those who are dead regard death as home.When they returned to Yan'an, it was as if they had returned to their mother's arms.

Among the comrades who came back from Xinjiang were Ma Mingfang, Zhang Ziyi, Fang Zhichun, Gao Dengbang, Yang Zihua, Zhu Danhua, Li Zhiru, etc. Zhu Danhua was the wife of Mao Zemin, and Yang Zihua was the wife of Qu Qiubai. My daughter Qu Duyi came to the party school. This child is lively and lovely, but she grew up in the Soviet Union and cannot speak Chinese. She learned Chinese with us. "Male chicken" and "female chicken", but it didn't take long to learn a lot of languages.During this period, Wu Naiyin, a lesbian who was released from prison, studied in our branch, and Zuo Ai was the secretary of the branch.Due to the change of environment and the improvement of food, their health gradually recovered.

Later, Comrade Ma Mingfang gave us a report in the large conference room of the school, telling how the warlord Sheng Shicai imprisoned them for four years behind bars. They were released from prison thanks to the help of Zhang Zhizhong, then director of the Northwest Camp of the Kuomintang and chairman of Xinjiang Province.At that time Zhang Zhizhong was in Chongqing. Before taking office, Zhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao went to visit him and asked him to take care of releasing the patriotic "political prisoners" arrested by Sheng Shicai and try to send them back to Yan'an.After Zhang agreed, he asked Qu Wu to visit the prison to understand the situation in the prison. After some twists and turns, he returned to Yan'an in July 1946.

Comrade Ma Mingfang said that Chen Tanqiu and Mao Zemin were the key "principal criminals" in prison. The enemy subjected them to various tortures that ordinary people could not bear, and they were secretly shot to death in September 1943.They were steadfast and unyielding before they died, showing the revolutionary heroism of the Communists who regard death as home.It also mentioned that Comrade Qiao Guozhen was seriously ill and dying.He is from Shenmu County, Shaanxi Province. He loves to eat dumplings. His comrades tried their best to make more than a dozen dumplings. I know Qiao Guozhen. In April 1934, he and my uncle Meng Zhongmu met several times when he was recovering from illness in Xiangshan, Beiping. At that time, he was working as a worker in the Kailuan Coal Mine.This year, Jiang Xiaoxian, the leader of the Third Gendarmerie Regiment, sent someone to Xiangshan to arrest Qiao Guozhen. After hearing the news, his friends reported to him and gave him a few dollars. He fled secretly to Tianjin.Unexpectedly, this time Comrade Ma Mingfang mentioned that he had died in Sheng Shicai's prison.During the Great Revolution, he also organized a peasant association in Sanyuan, Shaanxi, which was praised by the majority of farmers. When I was working in Sanyuan Wuzi District in 1938, some peasant party members still missed him very much.

Afterwards, I had some understanding of the "Xinjiang incident" in which a large number of comrades of our party were detained in Sheng Shicai Prison, and I learned some of the process. Back then, Sheng Shicai pretended to be progressive and put forward the slogan of "pro-Soviet, anti-imperialist", which won the trust and support of the Soviet Union. In 1935, at the invitation of Sheng Shicai, the Soviet Union sent a group of Communist Party members to work in Xinjiang. In 1939, the Party Central Committee appointed Comrade Chen Tanqiu as the representative of our Party in Xinjiang and the head of the Eighth Route Army Office.Chen Tanqiu is one of the founders of our party and a member of the Central Committee of our party.During this period, more than 100 outstanding Communist Party members and leading comrades, including Mao Zemin and Ma Mingfang, came to work in Xinjiang from Yan'an and the Soviet Union, and they did a particularly good job.Patriotic educator Du Chongyuan also served as the dean of Xinjiang College during this period, and Lin Jilu served as the dean of the college.Du Chongyuan also successively invited Mao Dun, Sa Kongle, and Zhang Zhongshi to teach at the school. They have done a lot of useful work for the people of Xinjiang, and they have won the love of the masses and have had a great influence.Sheng Shicai was afraid because of this and held a grudge.After the Southern Anhui Incident, he betrayed his faith and exposed his anti-communist nature. In the spring of 1943, more than 100 people working in Xinjiang led by Chen Tanqiu were all arrested and imprisoned. In September of that year, comrades Chen Tanqiu, Mao Zemin, and Lin Jilu were arrested Killed secretly in a prison in Xinjiang.After Chen Tanqiu and others were killed, under the leadership of the prison party organization headed by Ma Mingfang, all the Communist Party members in the prison contacted fellow prisoners detained in various places, carried out many hunger strikes, and won festivals and festivals.Comrade Ma Mingfang also continued to educate the fellow sufferers on the integrity of the party, to strengthen everyone's will, to learn the noble character of the martyrs, to inherit the will of the martyrs, and to endure all kinds of torture tenaciously with the spirit of not being afraid of sacrifice. In the day and night of the day and night, the indomitable struggle was organized in an organized way.Their slogan is: "Faith, communism; volunteering, return to Yan'an", until the final victory.

In 1984, as deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Gansu Provincial People's Congress, when I went to Urumqi to attend the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seven Provincial People's Congresses, I paid homage to the Cemetery of Revolutionary Martyrs, where several tall tombstones were erected, including Chen Tanqiu, Mao Zemin, Lin Jilu, Du Chongyuan, Qiao Guozhen and other revolutionary martyrs.In front of the tombstone, I silently bowed my head in mourning and admired the martyrs. At the same time, I remembered Comrade Ma Mingfang, the leader of the Northwest Bureau.

We will always miss them. Their blood is surging, they are loyal to the party, their heroic revolutionary spirit, and their souls who have been wronged will remain in the world forever.