Chapter 54 second quarter

In view of the lack of conclusive evidence from internal and external investigations, Lu Zhengcao's task force had no choice but to release Ye Qisun.However, because Ye Qisun was accused of being a "KMT CC spy" before, he was also imprisoned for this, but now he was acquitted. Again, the fate of the "unsolved case" also befell Ye Qisun.We can read the flavor of that era from the following material - even Ye Qisun, a scientist and educator who has made great contributions to the Chinese nation, will also be shelved by such a piece of doubtful paper, so as to complete a journey from abandonment to The process of discarding again until it is completely discarded.

A few questions about the handover of the Ye Qisun project Ye Qisun, former professor of Department of Physics, Peking University.He was arrested in 1968 for reviewing the Lu Zhengcao case. Recently, the Lu Zhengcao special team came several times, and with Premier Zhou's approval, they wanted to return Ye to Peking University, and we expressed our firmness to do so. There are still several specific issues in the handover: 1. Ye was arrested as a CC spy, and the arrest report written by the Central Task Force affirmed that Ye was the introducer of Xiong Dazhen joining the CC. He personally led Xiong Dazhen in Tianjin to participate in the "North China Party-Government-Military Joint Office "Instigating against Lu Zhengcao's activities, etc.After more than a year of detention and review, according to the comrades in Lu Zhengcao’s task force, whether Ye is a CC spy has not yet been confirmed, so there is a problem. After we take over the review, there are two possibilities: one is insufficient evidence, and the spy cannot be identified. , which is contrary to the original arrest report, it is difficult to explain.For the convenience of future investigation, it is advisable for the Lu Zhengcao task force to write simple written materials on the current situation of reviewing Ye.

2. Ye has been a detainee since his arrest. After returning, the question is not clear. Should he continue to serve his sentence outside the prison for review or be released for review based on "finding no evidence"?How should their political and living conditions be resolved?It should also be settled at handover. We have raised these issues face to face with the comrades from Lu Zhengcao's task force during several interviews.The answer is: The materials are not easy to write, so you can introduce some information in person during the handover, and the issue of remuneration will be resolved by Peking University according to the actual situation.I wonder if it will work?

November 10, 1969 When Ye Qisun returned to Peking University, due to the suspense during the handover, his identity identification became more complicated and confusing.Relevant parties of Peking University made a decision to Ye Qisun that "conflicts between the enemy and ourselves should be handled according to the contradictions among the people".In this way, although the special case review is over, the endless sentence of imprisonment has begun.At Peking University, words such as "Ye Qisun is a spy of the Kuomintang's CC" were always on the lips of some people. It became a wall, stretching around Ye Qisun, shielding people from normal communication with him.

A person who can be called an anti-Japanese hero was successfully framed as a historical sinner by that era.And not only that, people doubted him and spurned him.The image of Ye Qisun as a model scholar and moral role model for many years gradually faded, submerged and completely disappeared in the spread of charcoal lies... This has been since the founding of new China, when our atomic thermonuclear weapons were successfully developed, satellites were put into space, and electronic technology, earthquake forecasting, weather forecasting, national defense industry and other fields were advancing by leaps and bounds, we only knew the high point but not the beginning, and only knew the high point but not the beginning. The origin, only knows success but not the cause, only knows the reason of the student but not the teacher.Because history has forgotten a name.

Ye Qisun's name is inseparable from the beginning of many important disciplines. This is why when the author met Mr. Qian Weichang for the first time and expressed that he did not know who Mr. Ye Qisun was, he made a fuss about it.In a country with a long tradition of respecting teachers and emphasizing education, only knowing the shining students, but not knowing who their teachers are, is like a tree without roots, a river without source, a nation without origin, and a country without history. country.This is an act of forgetting one's ancestors, can he not be in a hurry? However, all this is caused by that period of history.

For the rest of the day, Ye Qisun was under surveillance.His original professor's house in Jingchunyuan was confiscated, his professor's salary was cancelled, his monthly salary was only 50 yuan, and his co-workers were deported. He lived in a dark and dilapidated house.In Peking University, a famous institution of higher learning, he lost his freedom again and lived a life like a prisoner every day. At this time, Ye Minghan had already gone to the "May 7th Cadre School", and he was not around since his uncle was arrested and released.The only thing he knew was that after his uncle was arrested, the workers went to the cadre school to report to him. He could only comfort the workers and asked the workers to prepare the clothes changed by his uncle and send them to the relevant department of the school before handing them over to his uncle.It was the spring of 1972 when he saw his uncle again.

Despite the restricted freedom, there will still be people visiting. Soon, Ye Qisun heard the news of Chen Yinke's death in Guangzhou, as well as rumors that Rao Yutai, Jian Bozan, Shen Naizhang and others committed suicide because they could not bear the criticism and humiliation.At the end of a series of bad news, it was the news that Zhao Jiuzhang, his most hopeful student, committed suicide. In 1967, the "rebel faction" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, where Zhao Jiuzhang worked, began to fight against the bourgeois reactionary academic authority, and Zhao Jiuzhang was the first to bear the brunt.On the day of the fight, Zhao Jiuzhang was still in the office preparing materials for the satellite orbit research conference. He didn't want a group of Red Guards to break in suddenly, and without explanation, they tied him up and put a 3-foot-high paper hat on him.Just as he was about to argue, before he opened his mouth, a slap hit his face. In an instant, Zhao Jiuzhang's ears could not hear anything.

He and his teacher Ye Qisun became deaf almost at the same time. Zhao Jiuzhang was the first person to introduce New China into the "Space Age". On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union successfully launched the world's first artificial earth satellite.Zhao Jiuzhang immediately pointed out that "this is a milestone in space exploration", and actively suggested to the leaders to organize this huge scientific research project. In January 1958, a scientific research group named "518" was born in the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The group leader was Qian Xuesen, and the executive deputy group leader was Zhao Jiuzhang.Although "518" was dismounted for some reason, Zhao Jiuzhang lost no time in shifting the research focus of the Institute of Geophysics he led to space exploration. He assigned the first research laboratory in the institute to be responsible for this work, and transferred Qian Ji to be in charge of the laboratory. Later, on the basis of the first research room, the second department was established, with a total of 5 research rooms, namely the first, fourth, sixth, eighth, and tenth, which fundamentally strengthened the strength of space research technology.Under the leadership of Zhao Jiuzhang, this research group developed various instruments and equipment in rocket and satellite cavities, carried out detection of cosmic rays and ionosphere, and solved a series of satellite environment simulation experiments under vacuum, low temperature and high temperature conditions. question.These items are the internal organs of rockets and satellites. The absence of even the most inconspicuous small parts will lead to consequences such as satellites not being able to reach the sky and rockets not flying far.

In the "Great Leap Forward" era, when almost everyone was overheated and eagerly looking forward to the launch of Chinese satellites, Zhao Jiuzhang maintained the calmness that a scientist should have. He suggested to the relevant departments: "The conditions for launching artificial satellites are not yet mature. The sounding rockets started..." On December 27, 1964, when he saw that my country's rocket technology had the ability to launch artificial satellites, he was the first to write to Premier Zhou, formally suggesting the development of artificial satellites.He said: "...Since artificial satellites are closely related to intercontinental missiles, their launch can cooperate with the development of intercontinental missiles, serve national defense, and drive our country's cutting-edge science and technology. I propose this proposal to the central leadership..."

Three months later, the twelfth meeting of the Central Special Committee chaired by Premier Zhou personally made a decision to develop China's first artificial satellite. Just as he worked hard "day and night" to approach the satellite in his heart, the hurricane of the "Cultural Revolution" came. Zhao Jiuzhang didn't take it seriously at the beginning. As long as satellites are allowed, what about the "Cultural Revolution"? It wasn't until the rope was on his body and the high hat was on his head that Zhao Jiuzhang had gained insight. What followed was endless parades and criticisms.The rebels forcibly hung a "specially made" sign weighing more than 20 kilograms around Zhao Jiuzhang's neck, and made him wander around in front of and behind the house of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.Poor Zhao Jiuzhang, who was in his sixtieth year, was strangled with deep blood grooves on his neck, and every step he took was painful.What's even more hateful is that Zhao Jiuzhang bowed his head and confessed his guilt every time he criticized the rebels, and made him bend his waist to 90 degrees.Because Zhao Jiuzhang had been sitting at the desk for many years and had a serious back disease, he really couldn't meet the requirements. The rebels kicked him and burned him with cigarette butts to force him to submit.But the kick hurt, the cigarette butt went out, and Zhao Jiuzhang's waist still didn't bend down. Zhao Jiuzhang is not afraid of criticizing and parading in the streets. What he is afraid of is that he will never be able to build artificial satellites in the future.He thought of his old friend Qiao Guanhua. He wanted to call him to find out what happened, but he searched all over the house, but the phone number never appeared.The rebels had already turned his family upside down.Calling Qiao Guanhua was hopeless, and Zhao Jiuzhang thought of his assistant Qian Ji again. He worried that Qian Ji would suffer the same fate as him. If so, what about the artificial satellite? Zhao Jiuzhang suffered from insomnia. In order to understand the progress of the artificial satellite, Zhao Jiuzhang tried every means to contact Qian Ji.Finally one day, when the opportunity came, Zhao Jiuzhang asked someone to bring Qian Ji a note he had already written.Fearing that Qian Ji would be implicated, Zhao Jiuzhang had to use German. After the note was brought out, anticipation became Zhao Jiuzhang's most important homework every day.Apart from being wrestled by the rebels and having no right to choose, he stayed at his home every day, waiting, hoping, hoping to get some even a few words about the artificial satellite.Soon, he was locked in the bullpen again.The intensity of forced labor reform quickly shattered Zhao Jiuzhang's remaining illusions.What kind of transformation is that? A 60-year-old man works in the fields during the day and accepts criticism at night.The Red Guards were tired of criticizing, so they asked Zhao Jiuzhang to write the confession materials. Long-term physical exertion and malnutrition made Zhao Jiuzhang extremely weak.Every night, because of the extreme pain in his waist, he couldn't lie flat on the bed, let alone turn over.Looking at her husband who was so tortured that he almost lost his face, Zhao Jiuzhang's wife was heartbroken.But what can she do?I had to wait for my husband to come back from the criticism every night, and try to give him a massage, massage, or burn him with herbs, and tears and sweat flowed every time.Despite this, Zhao Jiuzhang's obsession with science has not stopped. One day in 1968, when he learned that there would be a total solar eclipse in China, he dragged his sick body to the Revolutionary Committee at that time, and suggested that relevant experts be organized to observe it as soon as possible.One can imagine what kind of mood Zhao Jiuzhang was in at that time.For science, Zhao Jiuzhang is an absolute saint; but for politics, he is at a loss.This is very much like his teacher Ye Qisun. Zhao Jiuzhang, who is optimistic by nature, has the will to live without regrets, not to mention his beloved satellite business. Logically, he would never take the road of committing suicide.However, on the day of June 8, 1968, because of the death of a person, his will to live was destroyed, and his life path was suddenly narrowed!This person is Yao Tongbin. Yao Tongbin, born in Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province in 1922, is a member of the Communist Party of China and an expert in metallurgy and aerospace materials. He graduated from Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1945, went to the Department of Industrial Metallurgy, University of Birmingham, UK to study in 1947, and received a doctorate in 1951. In 1954, he went to the Metallurgical Casting Research Office of the German Federal University of Technology Aachen as a researcher and assistant professor. After returning to China in 1957, he successively served as a researcher and director of the Materials Research Office of the First Branch of the Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense, and director of the Materials Research Institute. I remember Yao Tongbin once said this sentence: "I am not returning to China for reputation and status, but to contribute to the launch of my country's rockets with everyone." The research contribution of modern metallurgy on the viscosity and fluidity of metals and alloys is obvious to all. In 1962, he organized the formulation of the research direction of the material technology of the Fifth Academy of the Ministry of National Defense, and arranged the pre-research of the material technology according to the requirement of "materials must be advanced".In the four years before and after this, in addition to proposing a large number of research topics to various fraternal units in China, he carried out more than 500 research topics in the institute.He also led and directed the development of manganese-based brazing filler metal alloy brazing and brazing process research projects, developed domestic No. 1 and No. 2 manganese-based brazing filler metals, and replaced the old-fashioned welding structure of my country's liquid rocket engines with brazing structures. The vibration fatigue damage of liquid rocket engine materials and the vibration fatigue damage of liquid rocket welded structures are studied.It plays a key role in the design, material selection and manufacture of rocket components. It was such an outstanding scientist who was brutally murdered by the rebels on June 8, 1968! That day, Yao Tongbin could not have gone to work.These days, the rebels in the research institute are making a lot of noise.But out of love for work, Yao Tongbin still went.When it was almost noon, he heard that the situation in the area where his family lived was tense, and many rebels were beating, looting and making trouble everywhere.Yao Tongbin was thinking about his youngest daughter, so he went home without heeding the advice of his colleagues. As soon as he got home, before he could speak to his daughter, several rebels followed Yao Tongbin's footsteps and rushed in, holding him and dragging him out.Yao Tongbin refused to accept it, saying that they were trespassing on private houses and violating human rights.This angered several Red Guards who rushed forward, and one of them, a young man in his twenties, tore off Yao Tongbin's glasses, and then kicked Yao Tongbin's vagina.Yao Tongbin immediately knelt on the ground, in unbearable pain.The nose is also bleeding profusely.But this didn't lessen the disaster for Yao Tongbin. Seeing this, these people said that he was pretending, so they beat Yao Tongbin more brazenly, punching and kicking as if they were beating a rubber man!In the end, the two guys raised iron bars and slammed Yao Tongbin on the head as a summary of the operation! Yao Tongbin, who was already unconscious, was dragged by these people to the so-called "Leftist" headquarters, blood dripping all the way.Someone recognized Yao Tongbin and wanted to step forward to stop them, but seeing the vicious look of those people, they shrank back in fright. When they came to the headquarters, several people threw Yao Tongbin on the ground like a sack and asked their leader to "inspect the goods".I saw the man walking over in square steps, stroking Yao Tongbin's face on the ground with his feet, slightly curling the corner of his mouth, and said, "Why don't you talk? What are you doing here without talking? Get it back, get it back!" Just like that, several people dragged the pale-faced Yao Tongbin back the same way, and threw them on the sidewalk of Yao Tongbin's house, as if they were throwing a bag of garbage. A neighbor found Yao Tongbin lying on the ground and ran to ask others to help take Yao Tongbin to the hospital for emergency treatment, but no one dared to take the risk and everyone avoided it.The neighbor had no choice but to drag Yao Tongbin home and put him on the sofa in the living room. At 3:00 p.m., Yao Tongbin finally stopped breathing due to severe head trauma and excessive blood loss. He was 46 years old! The death of Yao Tongbin shocked the Institute, and also shocked Zhao Jiuzhang! In the few days after Yao Tongbin's death, Zhao Jiuzhang's hair suddenly turned white.He suddenly lost his judgment, he didn't know where he was, what happened in this world, and what it was all for!Yao Tongbin, what an excellent aerospace materials expert, and what an important key person in the process of developing artificial satellites, unexpectedly...unexpectedly...In the past, he always thought that God would favor a person, not for what he wanted, but for what he wanted. His hardships and setbacks, let him learn lessons in pain, and grow in pain, for the moment when he will soar into the sky one day.Therefore, in the days of his suffering, Zhao Jiuzhang did not fall. He has to wait until that moment. He still wants to make his dream fly to the blue sky again. He also wants to use what he has learned to let China's artificial satellite fly out of the earth earlier. !That was his lifelong wish!He is so obsessed with this sky, standing under the deep starry sky, Zhao Jiuzhang has dreamed countless times that the artificial satellite that condensed his half-life hard work will fly over his head, how pleasant it is!But now, that charming starry sky has turned into a terrifying black hole, full of traps and full of confusion.A kind of deep despair entangled him, and the great confusion suffocated Zhao Jiuzhang like poisonous gas, making him unable to breathe and beyond. On October 26, 1968, Zhao Jiuzhang walked through the swampland of his life in a posture of never looking back.On that day, the 19th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China just passed.According to the previous practice, as a scientist who has always been valued by the government, on October 1st, he will receive an invitation card with the national emblem of the People's Republic of China and be invited to the viewing platform of the Tiananmen Rostrum to meet with the party and state leaders. People celebrate National Day together.Although this is not an earth-shattering event, for a scientist like Zhao Jiuzhang who is utterly loyal to the scientific cause of the motherland, it is a kind of spiritual encouragement and recognition, which is also what he is most proud of.But this time, the bright red invitation did not come.In fact, the week before the National Day, Zhao Jiuzhang was looking forward to it. He hoped that the leaders of the party and the country would still think of him, the person who stood with Chairman Mao, Premier Zhou and other leaders every year. people.But he was looking forward to it until the night of the National Day, and that invitation did not appear! In fact, the invitation was sent to the Chinese Academy of Sciences three days before the National Day, but was quietly withheld by the rebels. As a result, the last ray of hope in Zhao Jiuzhang's heart was also shattered.That night, he turned off the light and sat on the bed, looking at the darkness ahead, as if he saw the rest of his life. In the next few days, Zhao Jiuzhang seemed unusually calm.He began to tidy up the books and articles in his home, carefully put away the things that had not been touched for many years, and wiped the books that had not been confiscated one by one, carefully putting them in a large wooden box.Zhao Jiuzhang also found a blackboard on the back of the bookcase, which was brought back from his unit in 1958 when he was explaining satellite knowledge to experts at home. It has been a full 10 years. No, it was the only public property in his house.For this blackboard, Zhao Jiuzhang specially sent a letter to Deng Zengkun who had been with him for many years, asking him to come to his house to help carry the blackboard back to the office. It's hard to imagine how complicated Zhao Jiuzhang's mood was when he returned the blackboard.How he wanted God to suddenly give him a chance to change his decision and regain his belief in living, but no!Everything was in his expectation, everything was still dark. That night, after washing, Zhao Jiuzhang lay peacefully on the bed. As usual, he wanted to read a book for a while.But he has packed all the books into wooden boxes.Zhao Jiuzhang realized this, suppressed his own thoughts, took out the sleeping pills he had accumulated for a long time from under the pillow, and moved them one by one in the palm of his hand.Suddenly, a drop of tears fell on these pills, followed by another drop, two drops, three drops... Finally, Zhao Jiuzhang poured these tablets that had been wet by his own tears into his mouth, and fell asleep quietly. catch... In this way, a generation of scientific master Zhao Jiuzhang left this world forever, with his nostalgia for the earth and his regret for artificial satellites, he left forever, without a suicide note or a will!