Chapter 38 Section VI

I don't know what reason the Jizhong Military Region used to prevaricate the killing of Xiong Dazhen.However, Mao Zedong seemed to be concerned about the exclusion of intellectuals in Jizhong District. Shortly after Xiong Dazhen's death, Mao Zedong wrote the famous article "Absorbing a Large Number of Intellectuals". Mao Zedong wrote in the article: In the protracted and cruel war of national liberation and in the great struggle to establish a new China, the Communist Party must be good at absorbing intellectuals in order to organize a great resistance force, organize millions of peasants, develop a revolutionary cultural movement and develop a revolutionary united front.Without the participation of intellectuals, the victory of the revolution is impossible.

...But many cadres in the army have not yet noticed the importance of intellectuals, and still have the psychology of fearing or even rejecting intellectuals.Many of the schools we run still dare not let go and absorb a large number of young students.Many local party departments are still unwilling to recruit intellectuals into the party.This phenomenon occurred due to ignorance of the importance of intellectuals to the cause of revolution, ignorance of the difference between intellectuals in colonial and semi-colonial countries and intellectuals in capitalist countries, ignorance of the difference between intellectuals serving the landlord and bourgeoisie The distinction between the intellectuals who serve the workers and peasants does not understand the seriousness of the fact that bourgeois political parties are desperately competing with us for intellectuals, and that Japanese imperialism is also using various methods to bribe and anesthetize Chinese intellectuals. A backbone has been formed, and there are favorable conditions for mastering the ability of intellectuals.

Mao Zedong used five "don't understand" in a row to present to those who fear or even reject intellectuals, and his tone is extremely severe and serious.He is skeptical about the "bear case" in Jizhong and dissatisfied with their actions.He called on "the parties in all war zones and all party armies to absorb a large number of intellectuals into our army." Of course, the elements sent in by bourgeois political parties must be eliminated, but the elimination work must be "relying on real evidence."In particular, he pointed out that "don't doubt those more loyal intellectuals because of this, and strictly prevent counter-revolutionaries from framing good people."Perhaps Mao Zedong already knew the truth about the Xiong case, so he was so targeted, and every word and every sentence hit the bull's-eye like a bullet.

Every time I read this text, the author feels that this is a memorial to Xiong Dazhen.It would be a great comfort if Mr. Xiong knew about it. However, due to the war environment at that time, incidents such as "counter-revolutionaries framed good people" were often neglected to investigate.Some people were promoted because of false accusations, and some were promoted because of framing. They all wore the mask of "Left".They are the social foundation of Kang Sheng.This kind of people is different from the worker and peasant cadres who Mao Zedong criticized for "fear" and "rejection" of intellectuals. "Fear" and "rejection" will not harm others, nor will they kill people.People like them are what Mao Zedong called the real "counter-revolutionaries."

People like Kang Sheng took advantage of five people who "didn't understand" in the revolutionary ranks, sold their traitors, and caused serious harm to the revolution.These people actually understand everything, and it is precisely because they understand that they confuse and deceive many worker and peasant cadres who "don't understand".It is also for this reason that the "Bear Case" incident in the Jizhong Military Region in 1939 got off to a very bad start, because there was no accountability system, no follow-up and inspection, and in previous campaigns, there were always bad people who punished good people and counter-revolutionaries who punished good people. A strange phenomenon of revolutionaries.

This phenomenon continued until the "Cultural Revolution". Ye Qisun knew that Xiong Dazhen was detained around the early spring of 1940.Zhu Jiahua, who was the Minister of Education of the Republic of China at the time, sent Ye Qisun an official letter in the form of the "Official Letter of the Central Organization Department" of the Kuomintang—— I hereby send a copy to Xu Huidong, Executive Committee Member of Tianjin Municipality, and I would be grateful if you could check the letter.Sincerely, Mr. Ye Qisun A copy of the original copy is attached The attached copy is as follows:

According to Xu Huidong, the Executive Committee of Tianjin Municipality, recent reports have confirmed that Xiong Dazhen (Xiong Dazheng) was arrested in September and handcuffed.Accompanying him with the government of the Border Region (some): the crimes of Japanese spy traitors (namely) Liu Wei (that is, Chu Xpu), Zhang Fang (Chemistry Department), Li Lin (Technical Team Leader), Li Meng (General Director of Trade) The 180 youths introduced by Mr. Xiong were arrested at the same time.Some were detained by the border region government, and some were escorted to trainees in Yan'an.Among them, Zhang Fang suffered the worst punishment, with both hands and limbs completely severed; followed by Xiong Jun and Li Lin, which is strange to hear.Zha Xiongjun is a sincere patriotic anti-Japanese youth, and Hui knows everything about it.It would be unfair to falsely accuse him of being a traitor.I pray that the government of the border region will be released immediately and strictly stopped, so that such incidents will not happen again in the future.According to this, in addition to sending a letter to the Military Committee, I would be grateful if you would forward the corresponding letter to you.Sincerely,

Minister of the Executive Yuan Zhu Jiahua January 23rd, 29th year of the Republic of China There are three kinds of endorsements or comments in this letter: 1. It is planned to send a telegram to the deputy commanders of Zhu and Peng to find out, release, and effectively stop such incidents from happening again in order to maintain law and order.Rong, one, two five 2. To deposit. x one, twenty five xx east twenty five 3. Electric Zhu Peng.One x, twenty-five: Ming, chapter twenty-nine Judging from the attachments and comments of this letter, this document was delivered to the Border Region Government through the channel of the Military Commission in the form of a letter of protest. Since this document was sent to Zhu De and Peng Dehuai, the top CCP officials must have known it all.The "bear case" incident in Jizhong District had already subsided by this time. Xiong Dazhen had been dead for more than half a year, and Mao Zedong's article had been conveyed in a decided form. Facing this late protest, the CCP could only remain silent.However, this fact, which has been criticized by others, has tarnished the party's reputation and damaged the party's interests. I don't know how those who made the "bear case" feel, maybe this is their purpose?

As a member of the upper echelon of the Kuomintang government, Zhu Jiahua, we don't know whether his original intention was to solve problems for Xiong Dazhen and Pingjin students, but from the point of view that he intentionally exaggerated or even deliberately exaggerated his words, he fully cooperated with Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong in their struggle for intellectuals policy.Mao Zedong said in his article, "The bourgeois political parties are desperately competing with us for intellectuals." Adding the adjective "desperately" before the word "compete" can imagine the urgency of the situation.Zhu Jiahua's statement in this letter that Zhang Fang suffered the worst torture is just speculation. His severed hand was caused by a detonator explosion rather than torture. The claim that he "severed all limbs" is completely fabricated.In fact, he was the only student who was not "coerced, confessed, and believed" among the arrested students, because his right hand had been blown up before he was arrested, so the anti-rape group let him go.These inaccurate information also shows that there are indeed no so-called secret agents working for the national government among the students in Jizhong.The information Zhu Jiahua obtained is estimated to have come from the Tianjin Party-Government-Military Joint Office, and the source of the office's information is estimated to be someone who left Jizhong and returned to Tianjin half a year after being involved in the case.All in all, after the Xiong case came out, it was well hyped by the Kuomintang government, which made Chiang Kai-shek proud; on the other hand, it made the CCP's border region government fall into a temporary passivity.

When Ye Qisun learned that Xiong Dazhen was arrested, he was like a thunderbolt.His state of mind is completely different from Zhu Jiahua's.Xiong Dazhen and Yan Yuchang used to be his students and brothers who lived with him day and night. It is difficult for outsiders to understand this kind of heart-wrenching pain.He immediately sent a telegram to Zhu Jiahua, imploring Zhu Jiahua to help investigate and mediate from it, to help this matter in the name of the government, so as to rescue Xiong Dazhen and others.Zhu Jiahua wrote back on May 2, 1940, saying: "The punishment was severe, and life and death were uncertain. On that day, the young students from Peiping had a strong appeal and a good job, and Zhiyan was extremely jealous..." Yun Yun.Zhu Sishi seemed to have lost interest in the "Xiong case", and he did not pursue it with all his strength. The information he disclosed in his reply letter was still the situation before Xiong's death.But this information gave Ye Qisun an illusion that although Xiong was imprisoned, his chances of survival were still great.Therefore, in those years when the news of Xiong Dazhen's death was not confirmed, he never stopped his activities of rescuing Xiong Dazhen.

On March 16, 1940, Ye Qisun went to Chongqing to attend the first session of the Fifth Councilors' Meeting of the Academia Sinica.Before boarding the plane, he specifically approached Mei Yiqi and begged him to think of a way to see if he could find a high-level representative of the CCP stationed in Chongqing and explain the ins and outs of the "Xiong case" face to face, hoping to pass the high-level CCP to the Jizhong Military Region. To exert influence and release Xiong Dazhen.Mei Yiqi gave full cooperation.The high-level CCP in Chongqing that Ye Qisun mentioned was actually Zhou Enlai. Mei and Zhou Enlai were both Nankai alumni and students of Zhang Boling.Now, Zhang Boling is temporarily living in Chongqing because he is avoiding the war, and he is in the same city as Zhou Enlai. Looking for a rescue channel from the friendship between teachers and students, this is the best way they can think of.We don't know whether Mei Yiqi wrote a letter to pay tribute to Zhang Boling, but Zhang Boling did receive Ye Qisun warmly and had breakfast with Ye, which are recorded in Ye's diary.During the meeting, through Zhang's mediation, Ye Qisun met with the CCP's representative in Chongqing, and gave him some supporting materials about Xiong Dazhen, hoping that he would hand them over to the Yan'an CCP Central Committee.But Ye Qisun never saw Zhou Enlai.Perhaps Zhou knew the outcome of the Xiong case, so he couldn't bear to see each other.In short, Ye Qisun's trip naturally returned in vain. According to records, until the peaceful liberation of Beiping and the PLA entered the city, Ye Qisun, as the acting principal of Tsinghua University, told Marshal Chen Yi, who came to inspect Tsinghua University, about Xiong Dazhen’s grievances in tears.Although he knew that Xiong was dead at that time, he was still unwilling to admit this reality. He still had a chance, thinking that Xiong Dazhen would suddenly appear in front of him along with the People's Liberation Army. Ye Qisun knew that the news of Xiong Dazhen's death was around the spring and summer of 1941. One day, he met a student who had worked in the Jizhong Military Region on the streets of Kunming. He talked about the "bear case" in Jizhong. The man said that Xiong had been executed by the anti-rape department, and most of the rest lived in peace.Maybe this person doesn't know the relationship between Xiong and Ye, he may just say it casually, but in Ye Qisun's place, it feels like the sky is falling and the ground is falling.He firmly believed that Xiong Dazhen was wronged and his death was innocent.He once approached Sun Lu who introduced Xiong Dazhen to Jizhong, and asked him why he was trapped in Xiong Dazhen's death and ignored him.Sun Lu is not a member of the Communist Party, and he knows nothing about the situation in the Jizhong Military Region. He just listens to his classmate Zhang Zhen and is eager to send anti-Japanese talents to Jizhong.Ye Qisun originally thought that Sun Lu was a member of the Communist Party, but after he explained it, he realized that he was also a non-Party person.But he didn't stop there. Instead, he became even more annoyed. He scolded Sun Lu angrily: You are nothing, you don't understand the rules of the Communist Party, and you don't know the ups and downs inside. How dare you give someone away?Sun Lu had no choice but to apologize to Master Ye.When recalling the Xiong case in Jizhong, he said: "At the beginning, I was running around with a patriotic heart. I had no funds to post money by myself, and I had nothing to say when the enemy was shot to death. How could I think of such a thing? I am even a member of the Kuomintang. No, isn’t it funny to introduce a spy in there?! Tsinghua people asked me how to explain it!... But Mr. Ye complained that there was no reason for me. Xiong Dazhen came out of Jizhong, and he already knew about it. Going back, doesn't it explain the problem? Didn't Mr. Ye himself want to go? We are all the same, only patriotic, and nothing else!" And more often Ye Qisun blamed himself.He regretted that he didn't persuade Xiong Dazhen at the beginning, and didn't take a stricter attitude to prevent him from going to Jizhong. In his clear and clear thinking in the past, Xiong Dazhen's trip to Jizhong was completely a game of blind chess.Its occurrence and development are more like a nightmare, its erratic, vague, weird and mysterious, all like a dream.Several times I saw Xiong Dazhen in my dreams, just like before I was alive, leisurely on the incense burner peak, teachers and students walking slowly, Xiong Dazhen took pictures of himself in the shade of green trees with a Leica camera he bought in Germany.Suddenly he lost his way, saw the winding roads, but Xiong Dazhen was not seen.Hearing Xiong Dazhen's cry for help in the dense forest, he followed the sound, and saw Xiong's feet and handcuffs, covered in blood, and saw Ye Qisun, shouting "Teacher, save me".Ye Qisun hurried forward to rescue him, but he tripped over a grass tree under his feet. After doing this three times, he got up and fell, but he couldn't help him within a short distance.Seeing that Xiong Dazhen was drifting away, he took a closer look and found that he was standing on a moving swamp, chasing the water... In such a nightmare, he is helpless and helpless. Such a situation is like life. Everything can be calculated, only life is difficult to measure. Indeed, as Sun Lu said, during his stay in Tianjin, after Xiong Dazhen went to Jizhong for some time, he once revealed his intention to go to Jizhong to fight against Japan in person.Most of the people who go to Jizhong are the talents of the student generation, and top figures like him who are big intellectuals and great scientists are still rarely joined.His thoughts were dissuaded by Sun Lu and others. Sun Lu and Lin Feng said to him: Although you will play a great role in Jizhong, you are old after all. Devils play hide-and-seek and run around on two legs. You will not be able to bear it at your age. Instead, you will have to find someone to take care of you, which is tantamount to adding trouble to Jizhong.Ye Qisun is a person who doesn't want to cause trouble to others, so he stopped thinking about going to Jizhong.Xiong Dazhen's death hurt him enormously.In his stern and rational life, only the incident of Xiong Dazhen made him violent and out of control. If anyone accidentally touched the incident of Xiong Dazhen, he would become emotional.His relatives recalled: After the "Thinking Reform" in 1951, Ye once said: Someone went abroad for a meeting and passed by the Soviet Union, and saw that many people in the Soviet Union were wearing cotton clothes, not all leather clothes.Ye said that from this point of view, the living standards of the Soviet people were not as high as those in Europe and the United States.I said that his view was wrong. The living standards of the Soviet people were generally improved, and everyone lived well; in Europe and the United States, only a few people had a high standard of living, while the majority of people lived at a low level.Ye suddenly said very angrily: "Don't always teach people, I don't want you to teach. You are a member of the League, and I am a member of the masses. Of course, your thinking is not as advanced as yours." Then he said: "The Prime Minister knows me. What do you know?" Said: "If it weren't for Xiong Dazhen, I would have gone to Jizhong a long time ago, and I would be almost the same as Yang Xiufeng now." (roughly) Because he was very angry and lost his temper at the time, I didn't ask him what the last sentence was. What's the meaning. ("The Cornerstone of Chinese Science and Technology", p. 494) Ye Qisun's great glory is due to the deep trauma and indelible unfortunate memories that that period of history gave him.As a scientist and educator who deeply loves the motherland and dedicated his life to it, he has his own profound judgment and insight.In front of him, the idea of ​​treating people outside the party as a backward class immediately appeared one-sided and superficial. A page of history has been turned, and the sun rises as usual.But as an individual life, Ye Qisun has been savoring this cup of bitter wine in the years after the "bear case" in Jizhong. He wrote in his diary on June 23, 1947: "Today is the Dragon Boat Festival in the old calendar. Every Dragon Boat Festival, I think of Dazhen. Nine years ago on the Dragon Boat Festival, he returned to Tianjin from the mainland. It was a surprise. Who Knowing how sad things will be in the future, I have been reading "Baishi Taoist Song" for the past few days, and seeing his "five days of desolate thoughts" line, I feel even more sad. (Song Volume 2: Staying on the road at the Dragon Boat Festival, expressing my heartfelt feelings.)” In Ye Qisun's life, every May Dragon Boat Festival is Xiong Dazhen's memorial day.I don't know if it's a pure coincidence or God's deliberate arrangement, Qu Yuan and Xiong Dazhen, two unrelated tragic characters, but because of chance, they came together in Ye Qisun's heart and became his eternal pain.