Chapter 7 Chapter 6 The Visit of the Heavenly Soldiers

The ancient legends of various ethnic groups in the Andes Mountains of South America all mentioned a tall, fair-skinned, bearded mysterious visitor.Although he has different names in different regions, he will always be remembered as the god Viracocha - "spray of the sea" - with boundless wisdom and magic, who came to the world in a turbulent age. , take on the mission of setting things right. There are different versions of the Viracocha myth in the legends of the inhabitants of the Andes, but the basic plot is the same.At the beginning of the story, a great flood submerged the whole earth, and the disappearance of the sun plunged the world into the vast night.The society is falling apart and the people are displaced.Just at this time:

Suddenly, a burly and handsome white man came from the south.This man has boundless magical powers, transforming hills into valleys, building towering hills from valleys, and letting streams flow out of stone crevices... ① The early Spanish historian who recorded this legend tells us that he heard this story from fellow Indians during his wanderings in the Andes: And they heard the story passed down from generation to generation through ancient ballads from their father... They said that this white man walked north along the path on the plateau, casting spells along the way, and leaving many magical deeds, but since then people Never saw him again.Wherever he goes, he will always use incomparable compassion and earnestly persuade people to respect and love each other, live in harmony, and build a harmonious society.People in most areas call him TicciViacocha...②

Indians in other areas call him Huaracocha, COn, Con Ticci, Kon Tiki, Thunupa, Tapac (Taapac), Tupaca or Illa.He was versatile, as a scientist and engineer, as well as a sculptor and architect.According to one record: "He opened terraces on steep hillsides and built solid walls to support the fields. He dug ditches and irrigated the farmland...He ran around day and night to benefit the common people." Viracocha is also a teacher and a healer, and he relieves the physical and mental pain of the common people from time to time.It is said that "wherever he went, he treated countless patients and restored sight to all the blind"④

However, this kind man who is full of compassion, instructs the people, and possesses superhuman abilities also has a violent side in his personality.When his life was threatened (and this happened several times), he would ask the gods to send down fire from heaven: He preached enlightenment along the way, created miracles one after another, and finally came to a village named Cacha in the Canas region... The people nearby did not listen to his teachings, stood up against him, and threatened to use Stoned him to death.They saw him kneeling on the ground, raising his hands to the sky, as if begging God to help him relieve his distress.At this moment, the Indians claimed, they saw a blaze of light appear from the sky, descending upon them, and surrounding them.Panicked, they ran to him one after another, begging the person they were going to kill to let them live... He gave an order, and the sky fire was extinguished immediately; all the stones had been melted by the fire, and even the biggest stone became limp Yes, like cork.The Indian went on to state: After this happened, he left the village of Kacha, came to the sea, raised his cloak and walked into the waves, and never returned.When the Indians saw him disappearing into the sea, they named him "Viracocha", which means "spray of the sea"⑤

These legends are consistent in their description of Viracocha's appearance.For example, in Sumay Narracion de los Incas (Sumay Narracion de los Incas), 16th-century Spanish historian Juan de Betanzos noted that according to Indian legend, Viracocha was "tall and , with a beard on his face, a white robe and a belt around his waist."⑥ Other accounts, though derived from many different Andean peoples, give similar depictions of this enigmatic figure.According to one of the legends: He was of medium height, bearded, and dressed in a robe... He was over fifty years old, gray-haired, thin, and walked with a cane in his hand.He is very kind to the local aborigines, treating them as his own sons and daughters.He traveled all over the world, leaving miraculous deeds everywhere.As long as he reaches out and touches, the patient will heal instantly.He knew every dialect, even more fluently than the natives.The indigenous people call him Sunupa, Tarpaca, Viracocharapacha or Pachaccan... ⑦In a legend, Sunupa-Viracocha is described as He is a "burly Caucasian man with a very dignified appearance, which is daunting." ⑧ According to another record, he is a majestic giant with blue eyes, a beard on his face, no hat, and long and Knee sleeveless top.One legend mentions his later life.It is said that he is highly respected by the indigenous people and is often invited to "consult state affairs".At this time, he was already an "old man with beard and hair hanging down his shoulders and wearing a robe". ⑨

Create a golden civilization The legendary Viracocha is best known for bringing civilization and enlightenment to the Peruvian Indians.Before his coming, it is said, "the people lived in a state of confusion, naked, like a savage. They had no other dwelling but their caves; every day they crept out of their caves and went out into the fields to feed their hunger". ⑩ Viracocha changed all that.According to legend, he ushered in a golden age of Peruvian Indian culture that will be remembered by generations to come.All the legends emphasize that Viracocha carried out the work of enlightening the people with compassion and compassion, and never used force unless it was absolutely necessary.He set an example, followed good guidance, imparted knowledge and skills to the people, and established a civilized way of life for them.It will always be remembered that he introduced to Peru the arts necessary for civilized society, such as medicine, metallurgy, farming, animal husbandry, writing (according to the Incas, Viracocha initiated the use of writing, which was later forgotten by his descendants).He also introduced to the Peruvians a deep knowledge of engineering and architecture.

The Inca-style stone buildings in Cuzco have impressed me with their excellent construction quality.However, after careful investigation in this ancient city, I was surprised to find that the so-called Inca stone buildings here, measured by archaeological standards, are by no means all the works of the Incas.This group was indeed skilled in the use of stone; there is no doubt that many of the monuments in the Kuzco region were indeed by their hands.However, some of the city's more remarkable buildings appear to have been built by pre-Inca civilizations.There are indications that the main contribution of the Incas lies in the restoration of ancient buildings, rather than construction.

Similarly, the very well-designed road network that runs through the entire territory of the huge Inca Empire may not have been built by the Incas.As mentioned above, two parallel arterial roads crossed the Inca border from north to south: one along the coast and one through the Andes.Before the Spanish invasion, the Inca Empire had a total of over 15,000 miles of paved, well-used roads, and I always thought they were all built by the Incas.After careful investigation, I now venture to conclude that this road network was most likely inherited by the Incas from an earlier civilization.Their contribution lies in repairing, maintaining and integrating a pre-existing transportation system.In fact, experts still aren't sure (although they won't admit it) just how old these breathtaking roads are, or who was responsible for their construction.

Local legends add to the mystery of these roads.According to these legends, Peru's road network and excellent buildings not only "existed in the Inca era", but both are "the works of red-haired white people" who appeared here thousands of years ago⑾ According to a local legend, there are two kinds of "apostles" accompanying Viracocha to Peru: one is "Huaminca" (God Soldier) and the other is "Hayhuaypanti" (Heavenly General).Their task is to spread the Lord's message to "every corner of the world"⑿. Other legends mention: "Conn Tichi returned surrounded by a retinue..."; All the disciples of Qichadao went to the east, leaving only two by their side..."⒀; "A lord named Conn Tichi Viracocha led a group of disciples out of the lake..." ;"Therefore, Viracocha disciples were ordered by the Lord to go to various regions..."⒁

Devil's masterpiece The ancient Sacsayhuaman Castle is located in the northern suburb of Kuzco.At noon one day, the sky was covered with leaden gray clouds, and we came to the castle together.A cold breeze blew across the desolate plateau.I climbed the steps, passed through a stone gate with a high lintel made for giants, and entered the castle along the winding and winding rows of high walls. I raised my neck and looked at the huge granite above my head.This 12-foot-high, 7-foot-wide boulder weighs more than 100 tons. It is certainly not a natural product, but a man-made carving.After some carving (the craftsman's hand looks so light and smooth, as if rubbing a pile of wax or plaster), the stone surface presents various shapes of angles and corners, and the harmony is like a symphony.Orderly juxtaposed with this granite block, there are many intriguing polygonal large stones, some placed above it, some below it, and others erected on both sides.

One of these carefully carved boulders is 28 feet high and weighs 361 tons (about the equivalent of 500 family cars).Looking at this stone, I couldn't help but have a series of questions in my heart. How did the Incas (or other peoples earlier) have the ability to undertake such a large-scale stone works?How were they able to cut and chisel these huge stones with such precision?What means of transportation did they use to transport these large stones from the quarry dozens of miles away?What method did they use to move these stones around without any effort, suspend them in mid-air, and combine them into spectacular stone walls?According to the opinion of ordinary scholars, this nation has not even invented vehicles, let alone a machine capable of lifting dozens of strangely shaped boulders weighing up to 100 tons and arranging them into a maze-like three-dimensional pattern. I know that early colonial historians were as baffled as I was when they saw these monoliths.For example, the respected 16th-century Spanish historian Garcilaso de Vega marveled when he visited Sacsayhuaman Castle: Before visiting this castle, it was really hard to imagine its peculiar design; after seeing this castle with my own eyes, I realized that it is indeed a masterpiece of craftsmanship in the whole structure, which makes people suspect that it is a masterpiece of the devil, not from the hands of human beings .The entire castle is made of countless huge stones, which is amazing: How did the Indians collect and transport these stones... How to carve these stones with extremely precise techniques and stack them into a castle?At that time, the Indians did not have iron and steel equipment capable of piercing, cutting, and polishing these stones, nor did they lack cattle and vehicles that could carry them.In fact, there were no cattle or vehicles capable of transporting these stones in the whole world at that time, because these stones were too large, and the mountain roads in Peru were too rugged at that time...⒂ Vega also mentioned an intriguing selection.According to his records in the book "Review of the Inca Dynasty", there was an Inca monarch in ancient times who tried to follow the example of the ancestors who built the Sacsayhuaman Castle and established his achievements in engineering.He planned to transport a huge boulder from several miles away and set it up in the castle to add to its splendor: "More than 20,000 Indians pulled this boulder and marched along the rugged and steep mountain road... On the way, the stone suddenly Falling off the cliff, crushing more than 3,000 workers to death.”⒃Of all the historical records I have consulted, only Vega mentions that the Incas did use—or attempted to use—huge stones in the Sacsayhuaman castle. type of engineering construction.This record shows that the Incas at that time did not have this kind of construction technology, so that thousands of workers died tragically. Of course, this alone doesn't prove anything.However, Vega's report only deepened my doubts about this great castle.Looking at the stone castle towering in front of me, I couldn't help but suspect that it was most likely built by an older, more technologically advanced people before the Inca era. I was reminded of how difficult it is for archaeologists to date structures like roads and drystone walls, which are made without any organic compounds.In this case, carbon-l4.And the thermoluminescence identification method is not useful at all.Although new assays, such as chlorine-36, are under active development, practical applications are still far away.Therefore, before the breakthrough in identification technology, most of the views of "experts" on Inca culture can only be regarded as guesswork and full of subjective prejudices.Since the Incas "used" the Sacsayhuaman Castle for a long time, some scholars concluded that the castle was "built" by the Incas. "Construction" and "use" are two different things, how can there be an equal sign in the middle?Maybe, when the Incas came here, they saw a ready-made castle, so they moved in unceremoniously and took it as their own. If this is the case, then, who was the person who built this castle in the first place? According to ancient myths and legends, the people who built this castle were the Viracocha people, a group of bearded, fair-skinned strangers known as the "Heavenly Soldiers". During my travels around Peru, I continued to consult the writings of 16th and 17th century Spanish adventurers and ethnographers.They have detailed records of the ancient Peruvian Indian myths and legends before the European invasion.Most notably, these legends repeatedly emphasize that the coming of Viracocha is associated with a great flood that inundated the entire world and wiped out most of humanity. Notes: ① "South American Mythology", p. 74. ②Ibid. ③Clemens Marken compiled "Inca Etiquette and Law", Vol. 48, p. 124. . Clemens R. Markhem, trans. and ed, Narratiues of the Rites and Laws "of the Yncas. Hakluys Society, London, 1873. VOl. XLVⅡ, P.124 ④ "South American Mythology". 74 pages. ⑤ Same as above, pages 74-76. ⑥ Same as above, page 78. ⑦ Same as above, page 81. ⑧John Hamming's "Inca Fall" 97 pages. John Hemming The Conquest of the Incas, Macmillan, London, 1993, P.97. ⑨ "South American Mythology", p. 78. ⑩ Ibid., p. 72. ⑾ Ignatius Donnelly, "Atlantis: The World Before the Flood", p. 394. Ignatius Donnelly, Atlantis: The Antediluuian World, Harper & Brothers, New York, 1882, P.392 ⑿ "Encyclopedia of World Myths and Legends", page 657. ⒀ Leila Saville, "Encyclopedia of Myths and Legends: Oceania, Australia and America", pp. 179-180. Sheila Savill, ed, Pears Encyclopaedia of Myths and Legends: Oceania, Australia and the Americas, Pelhem Books, London, PP.179-180. ⒁ "South American Mythology", 76 pages. ⒂ Vega, "Commentary on the Inca Dynasty", 233 pages. Garcilaso de la vega, The Royal Commentaries of the Incas, Orion Press, New York, 1961, p. 223. ⒃ Ibid., p. 237.