Chapter 9 Eight Unfinished Trials

When Emperor Hirohito of Japan issued an edict announcing acceptance of the Potsdam Proclamation, Japan had to suffer a shameful defeat.History once again proves that a war of aggression that transfers domestic conflicts to other countries is doomed to failure.Japan expert Reischauer wrote: "The exhausted people of this country, which put the last of its strength and energy into the war, are now a people completely bereft of material and spiritual -- a hungry, stunned, defeated The people who have died.” The anti-fascist war had just won a great victory, and the smoke had not completely cleared away, and China and its allies immediately launched the trial of Japanese war criminals.The trial of war criminals is not only a legal issue, but also a political issue; it is not only a practical issue, but also a historical issue.

The purpose of the trial of war criminals is not only to liquidate specific war criminals one after another, but also to eradicate the soil where evil forces can take root and blossom and bear fruit; not only to comfort the countless victims, but also to let the brilliant light of peace shine on mankind the future of.Judgment is a severe punishment for militarists, large and small, and it is also the aspiration of peace-loving people all over the world. In November 1944, the Far East and Pacific Subcommittee of the Allied War Crimes Investigation Commission drew up a list of suspected Japanese war criminals in Chongqing.On February 23, 1944, the Chinese National Government Enemy Crimes Investigation Committee was established in Geleshan, Chongqing. or forcing women into prostitution", "using poison gas, spreading germs and other poisons", "killing prisoners of war or other wounded and sick soldiers" and other thirteen crimes.

After Japan announced its surrender, the trial of war criminals began on two levels.One level is the trial in China; the other level is the trial of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East with the participation of the allies, that is, the Tokyo Trial, which is as famous as the Nuremberg Trial. On December 5, 1945, the War Criminals Handling Committee of the Nationalist Government was established in Chongqing.The cases of war criminals are assigned by the Ministry of Defense to various military courts for trial.China's military courts accepted a total of 1,523 war criminal cases, 110 war criminals were tried and executed, 933 were acquitted and sent to Japan, and 110 were tried and executed. 167 people were sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment.

However, the trial of Japanese war criminals by the Chinese judiciary after the war left many regrets. On August 15, 1945, Chiang Kai-shek made a radio speech to the military and civilians of the whole country and the people of the world: "I remembered the two words in the Sermon of Christ: 'treat others as yourself' and 'love your enemy'. Chinese compatriots should know that "don't forget the old evil" and "be kind to others" are the most noble and noble virtues of our national tradition; we have always said that we only regard the Japanese militaristic warlords as the enemy, not the Japanese people. Today the enemy army has been defeated by our allies defeat, we do not seek revenge, let alone insult the people of the enemy country, we only show pity for them being fooled and driven by his warlords..."

Chiang Kai-shek's policy of "repaying grievances with virtue" against the Japanese invaders was not only due to his personal reasons, but also related to his assessment of the international and domestic situation at that time.Chiang Kai-shek had studied in a Japanese military academy when he was young, and he had a lot of affection for Japan.Chiang Kai-shek is not only a Christian, but also a preacher of traditional Chinese culture, so he advocated treating defeated enemies with a gesture of forgiveness.At the same time, facing the imminent domestic civil war and the imminent formation of the global Cold War, he also hopes to turn the Japanese issue into a pawn that is beneficial to him in the actual political struggle.

It was against this complex historical background that Neiji Okamura, the supreme commander of the Japanese invaders, not only escaped a justice trial, but also turned himself into a senior adviser to Chiang Kai-shek. According to the policy of "Repaying Complaints with Virtue" of the Chinese Nationalist Government, from November 1945 when the first batch of repatriation ships left Tanggu Port, to the last batch of Japanese prisoners and overseas Chinese in Japan on August 21 of the following year By the time of landing, a total of more than 1,255,000 Japanese captives and more than 785,000 Japanese nationals returned home by ship from ports such as Tanggu, Qingdao, Lianyungang, Shanghai, and Keelung.Afterwards, there were also Japanese prisoners and overseas Chinese who returned to China one after another, totaling 3.1 million people.

At that time, China was not peaceful and the transport capacity was extremely tight, but the national government still mobilized a large number of transport vehicles and ships to allow the Japanese who had harmed China to return home in a timely and safe manner.Considering that Japan is in ruins, in order to reduce their living difficulties after returning home, China also allows each person to carry 30 kilograms of luggage.This kind of preferential treatment was unimaginable to the German prisoners of war under the collective management of the Allied forces after the war. However, the tolerant policy of the Chinese government did not receive a kind response from the Japanese side in the following years.

In terms of war compensation, according to incomplete statistics, during the 15-year war of resistance, the direct property losses of the Chinese government and people amounted to 180 billion U.S. dollars, and the indirect losses exceeded 600 billion U.S. dollars.The failure to recover this huge sum of money is a huge loss for China under the conditions of victory.This is the disregard of China's due rights by the two superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, under the Cold War situation. At the same time, Chinese decision makers also bear certain responsibilities for this. After the war, China only received 25 million U.S. dollars in compensation from Japan.From 1948 to 1949, the China Compensation Commission sent ships to Yokosuka, Japan, to receive compensation materials from Japan 22 times successively, and returned more than 15,000 boxes of compensation materials, with a total value of 2,000 taels One and a half million dollars.This figure is only 3/10,000 of the compensation demanded by the Chinese government.

In contrast, other victimized countries in Asia have received more compensation.In the name of war reparations, Indonesia received US$800 million, the Philippines US$800 million, Myanmar US$200 million, and Vietnam US$39 million.Even neutral countries such as Switzerland, Sweden, Denmark, and Spain have received varying amounts of compensation for property losses. Later than China's trial of Japanese war criminals, the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, which mainly tries Japanese Class-A war criminals, opened in Tokyo. On January 9, 1946, MacArthur, Commander-in-Chief of the US Army in Japan, issued an order to establish the International Military Tribunal for the Far East.Ten days later, the Allies announced the "Charter of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East."The charter stipulates that the crimes tried by the Far East Military Tribunal include "crimes against peace", "crimes against the laws or customs of war", and "crimes against humanity".

On February 18, 1946, MacArthur appointed Australian Webb as the chief judge, and also appointed ten judges from China, the Soviet Union, the United States, the United Kingdom, the Philippines, Canada, New Zealand, India and other countries.quite ironic What's more, the court is located in the former Japanese Army Ministry, and the chief judge's office is located in the original office of Hideki Tojo. The International Military Tribunal for the Far East held a total of 818 court sessions, 131 internal judge meetings, 419 witnesses testified in court, and 779 witnesses provided confessions and sworn statements. Thousand, three hundred and thirty-six copies, and 48,412 pages of trial records.The trial lasted for two years.

Chinese judge Mei Ru’ao ​​who participated in the Tokyo trial recalled that when trying the culprits of the Nanjing Massacre, “We spent almost three weeks listening to the oral testimony of Chinese and foreign witnesses who came from China and witnessed it, and the defense of the prosecutor and the defendant. The confrontation between lawyers and lawyers was difficult, and more than 100 written testimonies and related documents were accepted.” It can be seen that the Tokyo Trial complies with both moral principles and the spirit of the law.The questioning of the Tokyo trial by a small number of Japanese conservative forces after the war is groundless. On the other hand, on the whole, the Tokyo Trial was far less comprehensive and thorough than the Nuremberg Trial.Due to the rapid development of the post-war international situation in the direction of the Cold War, the international procuratorate did not have enough time to discover more evidence, and there were some biases in sentencing. Beginning on April 11, 1948, the Tokyo International Military Tribunal began to read out the 1,231-page verdict, which was completed eight days later.The court handed down judgments on twenty-five defendants, seven of whom were sentenced to death including Hideki Tojo, Kenji Doihara, and Iwane Matsui, sixteen including Yoshijiro Umezu and Teichi Suzuki were sentenced to life imprisonment, Matoku Togo, Shigemitsu Aoi and the other two were sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment.Among the Japanese militarists, only seven were sentenced to hang for the "September 18th Incident", "July 7th Incident" and the Pacific War. The lightness of the sentence is astonishing. Soon after, the Allied forces successively released all suspected war criminals except the 28 Class A war criminals.Only a few years later, the Allies also granted early release to eighteen Class A war criminals who had been sentenced to prison terms. After the war, the war criminals who escaped trial but were severely punished were Lieutenant General Shiro Ishii, the founder of Unit 731.The fact that such a devil who has committed heinous crimes against the people of the world can enjoy his old age and even be honored with a monument is indeed thought-provoking. American reporter Powell used the "Intelligence Disclosure Act" of the United States to obtain the top secret intelligence of the US military, and discovered the behind-the-scenes transactions between MacArthur's assistants and the remnants of Unit 731 after the war: members of Unit 731 provided their research results to the US military, The Allies pardoned them. Although there are an unknown number of Americans among the captives used by the Japanese Army’s bacterial warfare troops to conduct various experiments on live bodies, for practical purposes, an expert in charge of this matter in the U.S. military pointed out: “The information of Ishii’s troops is that they have invested millions of dollars. US dollars and the results of long-term research, this kind of information is attached to living body experiments, and we cannot obtain it in the laboratory under the blame of our conscience. We only spent a small amount of seven hundred dollars to obtain these materials. cheap stuff." Therefore, the U.S. military and the State Department decided: "Because of the importance of the Japanese army's bacterial warfare intelligence, the U.S. government has decided not to expose any member of the Japanese bacterial warfare group as a war criminal." These shady stories tell people that the end of the war does not mean that justice will come automatically.The struggle between justice and evil will continue to exist for a long time in human history. On January 4, 1946, Allied High Command submitted a purge plan to the Japanese government.The plan lists seven categories of people who demand removal and purge: the first category is war criminals, the second category is professional soldiers and the special police and officials of the Army and Navy Department, and the third category is extreme nationalism, violence and secret patriotic groups. Members, the fourth category is the main members who participated in the activities of the Mainland Political Wing Zan Association, Wing Zan Political Association and the Great Japan Political Association, the fifth category is members of financial institutions and development institutions related to Japan's expansion, and the sixth category is the administration of occupied areas Sir, the seventh category is other militarists and ultra-nationalists.The above-mentioned personnel were all required to be removed from public office and deprived of their qualifications to run for parliament, so as to exclude their influence on politics. According to preliminary statistics, there are more than 200,000 people in Japan in the above seven categories.However, this plan was not actually implemented. In the U.S.-occupied area of ​​Germany, the registered population was more than 13 million, and 3.44 million people were prosecuted, accounting for 26 percent of the total population; 940,000 people were officially sentenced, accounting for 26 percent of the total population. seven percent of the population.After the war, the Federal Republic of Germany, with the help of Western countries such as the United States, Britain, and France, ran counter to the Third Reich in terms of system, and all citizens also aimed to get rid of the Third Reich. In the trials of war criminals, the Allied Forces tried more than 80,000 fascist war criminals across Europe, but only prosecuted more than 5,000 Japanese war criminals in more than 50 courts in the Pacific region.Eighty thousand to five thousand, this figure is intriguing.Are the atrocities committed by Japanese war criminals really inferior to those committed by German war criminals?the answer is negative.So, why is there such a huge difference in the strength of the trial? In the 1950s, the government of the People's Republic of China released most of the 1,108 war criminals detained during the trials in Shenyang and Taiyuan.Only forty-five people were prosecuted, and none were sentenced to death. The investigation of Nazi war criminals by European governments is still ongoing, while the investigation of Japanese war criminals by Asian governments has largely stopped since the mid-1950s.Japan did not participate in the UN's 1978 resolution "There is no time limit for the prosecution of war criminals", creating a legal loophole for the continued prosecution of war criminals. In post-war Japan, the old system and old ideas have been preserved to a considerable extent. In May 1949, the U.S. government formally ordered MacArthur to suspend Japan's war compensation plan, so that Japan could resume production and become America's "actual ally" in the Asia-Pacific region as soon as possible.After the outbreak of the Korean War, the U.S. troops stationed in Japan went to the Korean battlefield. MacArthur ordered the establishment of a "police reserve" in Japan to maintain social order. A large number of former Japanese military officers and policemen joined this paramilitary force. Those high-level war criminals released by the Allied Forces were not only lifted from the purge when the "San Francisco Peace Treaty" came into effect not long after, but also became active again in the political, financial and public opinion circles.It was these remnants of militarism that started the rise of nationalist forces in Japan. The war criminal Nobusuke Kishi, who served as Minister of Commerce and Industry in the Tojo Hideki Cabinet, was successfully elected as the Prime Minister of Japan in 1957; the Class-A war criminal Shigemitsu Aoi served as the president of the Reform Party in 1952, and then served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Deputy Prime Minister.Japanese scholars called them "war criminal politicians".It is completely unthinkable in the former fascist countries in Europe such as Germany and Italy that certain war criminals re-emerge and dominate the political situation. Certain Japanese bureaucrats and businessmen who talked about the war of aggression as a war of liberation and that the Japanese army did nothing wrong continued to act as plutocrats and economic crocodiles who commanded the wind and rain.These elite figures have no sense of creating a new Japan at all, and they maintain a semi-feudal imperial bureaucratic rule model.Japanese scholar Jiro Motozawa pointed out in his book "The Emperor's Bureaucracy" that Japan's post-war democratic politics and market economy were not sufficient, and Japan was still not a society of the people, but a society of bureaucrats. society. Although post-war Japan initially established a democratic regime with the separation of powers, it has neither carefully reformed the bureaucratic system and cultural spirit, nor completed a comprehensive and thorough "national reflection" and "national apology". .Although history has entered the 21st century, some Japanese still have a lingering affection for the "jihad" psychology of Greater Asiaism supported by the survival logic of the jungle, and cannot bear to part with it. "There are two sad facts about the fact that the Emperor died in his bed like any other person--that she should have lived a good life; He died before his punishment." This is a passage from an editorial titled "Hell Waits for the Evil Emperor" published in the British "Sun" on September 21, 1988. The finishing touch. Although the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs protested to the British side, the editorial told the people that after more than 40 years, the British soldiers who experienced World War II have not forgotten the atrocities committed by the Japanese in the South Pacific during the war.So, have the Chinese people, who had suffered even greater devastation, forgotten the crimes committed by the Emperor? Japan's modern emperor system is not so much a symbol of Japanese tradition and culture as it is a barometer of Japan's political climate.Since the "Meiji Restoration", all the political and social changes in Japan were first reflected in the attitude of the Japanese towards the emperor. In Japanese history, emperors were often arbitrarily dismissed, exiled and even forgotten by the people.The emperor has no direct relationship with the lives of the people.During the shogunate period, there was even an embarrassing situation where the emperor's court was impoverished and borrowed money from businessmen.There have also been several female emperors in Japanese history, and their lineage has already experienced many breaks. When the shogunate ruled lost popular support, as a countermeasure against the barbarians, the later Mito school beautified the emperor as an absolute authority, and used this idealized emperor as the cohesive force of national unity.Japanese historian Tominaga Kenichi believed in the book "Modernization and Social Changes in Japan" that during the "Meiji Restoration" Japan regarded the emperor of an ancient autocratic country as the ideal ruler of a modern national country, so the "Meiji Restoration" could It is said that it started from the restoration of the ancient emperor system.Moreover, this recovery proceeded rapidly in an exacerbated manner. Before the Meiji, Japanese schools carried out patriotic education in a loose way; during the Meiji period, the education of the emperor's ancestors had become the only important content.In elementary school, there are rules such as worshiping the emperor's statue, raising the national flag and shouting long live.The Education Decree of 1880 required that the students' respect for the Emperor must be vigorously cultivated.For more than half a century before Japan's defeat, the Japanese received such education in schools: the ancestors of the emperor were the sun god and Amaterasu, the emperor was the ruler of Japan since the founding of the country, and the emperor's family has been It has never been interrupted, that is, the line of ten thousand generations, and Japan is considered to be a kingdom of gods; the emperor is both a god and a man, and he is also the ancestor of the Japanese; the emperor's Japan has the mission of ruling the world. The Meiji government has fully realized the importance of the divine emperor to the maintenance of Japan's national system. In order to show the emperor's care for the people and expand the emperor's influence among the people, the emperor also personally toured all over the country, which is unprecedented in history. precedent.Emperor Meiji reigned for forty-five years, during which he traveled more than eighty times, almost all over the country.This pervasive publicity and education model finally aroused the people's crazy love and worship for the Emperor. The Emperor is at the heart of the war.Regarding Emperor Hirohito’s war responsibility, the Japanese historian Kiyoshi Inoue analyzed three aspects: First, according to the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, the Emperor is the sole and supreme ruler of the Empire of Japan, and he is also the sole and supreme ruler of the Imperial Japanese Army. The only and supreme absolute commander; second, Emperor Hirohito, as the moral and spiritual supreme authority of the Great Japanese Empire, demanded that Japanese citizens, as subjects, unconditionally loyal, obey and respect him; The situation has been thoroughly researched and considered. Zentaro Kimura, a consultant to the Central Reserve Bank of the Wang puppet regime and a doctor of economics, once said: "From the commander to the ordinary soldier, everyone is burning with the sincerity of serving the country loyally, and they are closely connected with each other. Their sincerity is all gathered in the Under the tenet of 'for the sake of the emperor alone', the great results of the Great East Asian War were due to the great imperial prestige." The emperor once said to the military department: "No soldier or soldier is allowed without my order." Therefore, Japan's constitutional monarchy is obviously different from the British constitutional monarchy. Emperor Hirohito is not a "virtuous king" who does not care about current affairs. He dominates the course of the war from beginning to end. Emperor Hirohito is Japan's number one war criminal, a fascist through and through, and the chief culprit who killed fifty million people in Asia.What is the concept of 50 million people?If compared with the 5,500 people who died in the Great Hanshin Earthquake that occurred on January 17, 1995, the former is more than 9,000 times the latter.That is to say, even if such a huge earthquake occurs in Japan every day and causes such heavy casualties, it will take 25 years to continue to do so every day before reaching 50 million people. The trial of Hirohito is in line with morality, public opinion and historical trends.In the public opinion in the United States at that time, 33 percent of the people believed that Zhang executed Hirohito. Thirty-seven percent of the people advocated Hirohito's trial, and only 7% believed that he should not be controlled or kept as a puppet.Regarding Truman's idea of ​​retaining the Japanese emperor, even Roosevelt's Secretary of State Hull thought: "It's too accommodating." On the eve of the end of the war, the United States sought the opinions of allies on Japan's request to retain the emperor system. Due to relying on the United States everywhere, Chiang Kai-shek immediately called to agree.In contrast, the Australian government expressed strong opposition.The Australian government first called London: "We insist that the Emperor, as head of state and supreme commander of the armed forces, is responsible for Japan's acts of aggression and war crimes, and therefore demand that he be deposed." Then he called Washington: "The Emperor should not be exempted from Japan's aggression. The responsibility for the crime. Clearly abolishing the emperor system is the fundamental way to break the Japanese people's worship of the emperor as a god. It is in the name of the emperor that they committed many atrocities. If the emperor system is not abolished, the Japanese will not change, and We will launch an invasion of the Pacific Ocean." The Australian government believes that the Japanese army had premeditated and planned terrorist policies and atrocities during the war, and the highest Japanese authorities, including the emperor, would never be ignorant. Cohorts make no difference. However, the United States has its own small calculations.Grew, a special adviser to the US State Department who served as the US ambassador to Japan for ten years before the war, pointed out: "The emperor is the only force that can stabilize Japan. If we don't support the emperor, we will bear a heavy burden. manage a society of 70 million people facing collapse." After weighing the pros and cons, the U.S. government decided not to touch the emperor's system after the war, so that it could quickly control Japan and transform Japan into a loyal ally of the United States in Asia with the emperor's cooperation. This is the triumph of realism over morality.The post-war American occupation of Japan led by Truman and MacArthur, although it promoted demilitarization and democratization reforms in Japan, it also preserved the emperor system for Japan very conspicuously. The irony is that no matter how hard the Americans tried to eliminate the influence of the "popular indoctrination" carried out by the militaristic government in the past, they did not actually touch the spiritual structure of the Japanese and Japan's huge old bureaucratic system.After the war, most Japanese did not think about future politics or governance at all.They were content with their current basic political structure: still governed by a full-fledged emperor, though obliged to defer to the decisions of the occupying forces. As a result, the Supreme Command of the Allied Forces became a shogun in the eyes of rural Japanese.A rural mayor said: "The emperor could not find a better person to take on this role." This is probably the result that the arrogant General MacArthur never dreamed of. The Mikado system is the internal catalyst of the war machine.While the Japanese soldiers sanctified the emperor, they also made themselves small.Keiichi Eguchi, a Japanese scholar, pointed out in the book "Studies on Japanese Imperialism": "The reason why the Japanese people have been engaged in the war for fifteen years is because of the superstitious belief that this war is a just and just war. Its legitimacy and The basis of justice is first of all that it is a "jihad", that is, the emperor's war. Just because it is a "jihad", because the Japanese people are willing to endure all hardships and sacrifices for His Majesty, so either in the distant Nanming, or in the On the frozen soil in the north, go to jade fragmentation, special attack, and self-determination. Shouldn’t the emperor be ashamed and apologize for his own immorality? Shouldn’t he take the corresponding action?” The emperor's attitude was the opposite.In the "Monologue" published later, Hirohito shamelessly described himself as "the emperor who is distressed for peace" and "the emperor who has always prayed for peace".He tried to wash the blood off his hands. Emperor worship is a cancer that has not been touched in Japanese society so far.The biggest flaw of the Tokyo Trial is that it did not hold the culprit of the war, Emperor Hirohito of Japan, for war crimes. Japanese scholar Yasumaru Yoshio was once a "militaristic boy" who shed tears after hearing the broadcast of the emperor announcing his surrender.After reflecting on his own youth and the entire Japanese society, Yasomaru Yoshio pointed out in the book "The Formation of the Modern Emperor System" that although modern Japanese cherish individual freedom, they seek it in a fake concept system. The sense of identity, the emperor system is also a "monument of shame" for every Japanese. Few Japanese, however, recognized the Emperor's system as a "monument of shame."The absence of the emperor in the Tokyo Trial, the emperor's carelessness during the democratic transformation, and the cover-up of the emperor's crimes in post-war cultural education made it possible for the emperor to be re-mythologized.Soon after Japan's rapid economic growth, there was a return of conservative thoughts, and the emperor system was also at a new starting point.Former Prime Minister Nakasone once declared that the emperor exists like a bright sun.Conservative writer Akira Izumo wrote: "Britain was under the rule of the Roman Empire for 450 years, and then it was ruled by the King of France for another 300 years. The Stewart family, the Hanover family, and the Windsor family have several blood relations. There have been changes. But our country is united throughout the ages, and the imperial line is continuous. The "Emperor's Country-Japan" is a masterpiece, and there is no such a very civilized and outstanding country anywhere in the world." Political and cultural circles The glorification of the Emperor system is spared no effort. Since the 1980s, the approval rate of the emperor has been rising, reaching more than 80%.When Emperor Hirohito was seriously ill, there were sometimes as many as 70,000 people a day who came to the palace to sign and pray, and the queue stretched for a kilometer. On June 1, 1999, the Japanese official issued a statement pointing out that the "Kun" in "Kim no Dai", which will be officially legalized as the national anthem, refers to the emperor, so the Japanese national anthem once again became a compliment to the emperor.Professor Norihiro Kato of Meiji Gakuin University believes that "Kimi no Dai" is opposed to the democracy that is the foundation of Japanese national existence after the war, and legally stipulating "Kimi no Dai" as the national anthem means the self-denial of the Japanese people.Legislating "Kim no Dai" means that although the Japanese nationals gained sovereignty due to defeat in the war, they chose the same relationship with the emperor after 54 years as before the war. It can be seen that the emperor system must be preserved, and it has become the institutional guarantee and spiritual source of postwar Japanese conservative forces "resurrecting the dead".Although there is a huge difference between the "symbolic emperor" after the war and the "sovereign emperor" before the war, the possibility of transformation between the two is not impossible. At the same time, when cleaning up historical garbage and judging war crimes, due to the incomplete trial of the Tokyo International Military Tribunal, most Japanese people still have a contradictory and vague understanding of the nature of war.They believed that since the emperor had no sins, the emperor's generals, bureaucrats, and soldiers also had no sins. For a long time, foreign aggression has been Japan's basic national policy and a huge driving force for Japan's economic development.Many Japanese have gradually formed such a misconception that foreign aggression is a matter of course.The incompleteness of the trial made the Japanese think that although they failed in World War II, it was only a failure of war strategy and wrong timing, and they did not realize the injustice of foreign aggression itself. The Tokyo trial is long over.However, in another sense, the Tokyo Trial is a trial that is far from being completed and is still not over. It is precisely because of the loopholes and flaws in the Tokyo Trial that the dregs of nationalist forces in Japan have risen for more than half a century; it is precisely because the Tokyo Trial was abandoned halfway that the peoples of all countries who have been invaded and persecuted by Japan for decades have remained the same. The Japanese and the Japanese persevered in appealing and recovering, and civil issues such as comfort women's compensation, labor compensation, and germ warfare gas bomb compensation continued to rise and fall, wave after wave. The Tokyo Trial is only the beginning of exposing and pursuing war crimes, not the end.After the Tokyo Trial, every denunciation and lawsuit against Japan's war crimes can be seen as a response and continuation of the Tokyo Trial.This struggle between justice and evil will continue for a rather long historical period. All countries with a sense of justice will not stand idly by. People with any sense of history will not turn a blind eye to this.