Chapter 22 twenty two

Even if we look at the past without doubting the past history of mankind, we still firmly believe that the Greek and Roman gods, as well as most myths and legends, are wrapped in an atmosphere of a very remote past.Since the beginning of human beings, ancient scriptures and historical materials and myths and legends have been widely circulated among the people. At the same time, modern culture has also provided us with evidence about the unknown era in the past. In the jungles of Guatemala and Mexico's Yucatan, there are countless ruins, which are not inferior in scale to the magnificent pyramid complexes of ancient Egypt.The Korula Pyramid, 100 kilometers south of Mexico City, the capital of Mexico, has a base area larger than that of the Giza Pyramid; the Teotihuacan Pyramid, 50 kilometers north of Mexico City, covers an area of ​​nearly 20 square kilometers.In particular, it should be pointed out that the remains of the buildings unearthed in Korula and Teotihuacan were constructed entirely according to the data of the stars.The earliest written sources on Teotihuacan say that it was a place where the gods met for human affairs.Remember the fact that this happened before modern humans after all!

Ancient structures found at Chichen Iza in Mexico, Tikal in Guatemala, Copan in Honduras, Palenque in Mexico, and more have now been shown to have been constructed according to the requirements of the Maya's almost mythical almanac . Perhaps the human beings did not build the pyramids for their own purposes; nor did they build those temples for their own purposes—because the almanac has already stipulated that human beings must build a building that meets the scale of the almanac every 52 years .Therefore, every stone on the building has an extremely unique relationship with the almanac, and each complete building is also built with extremely precise astronomy.

■Incomparable spectacle Today, among the Mayan ancient cities that tourists are most interested in, Jichen Yiza can be regarded as a particularly attractive place.This city on the Yucatan Peninsula is famous for its temples, so it is also known as the Temple City. There are special cars from Merida in Venezuela or the tourist city Cancun to this place, and there are also small planes that fly directly to Jichen Yiza. Gichen Iza was the most important center of Mayan culture on the Yucatan Peninsula before the Spaniards came to the Americas. Even today, the ruins restored by people after the post-production still make people feel solemn and impressive.At the center of a large group of religious buildings stands the 30-meter-tall Kukulkan Pyramid.The base of the pyramid is square, with a side length of 55.5 meters. Its architectural layout is indistinctly consistent with the calendar.Viewed from bottom to top, the pyramid is divided into 9 layers of square platforms. They are stacked layer by layer and gradually shrink from bottom to top, just like a delicate and huge birthday cake of Lingban; There is a staircase in the middle, each with 91 steps, until the top of the tower. There is another step on the top platform. There are two pillars on the steps, which support a small holy object.Each ladder has 91 steps, that is, there are 4 steps totaling 4×91=364 steps. If you add the top ones together, there will be no more and no less, which is exactly the number of days in a solar year with 365 days; 9-storey tower The ladder of the seat is divided into 18 parts, which exactly corresponds to the number of months in the Mayan calendar.In addition, 52 exquisitely carved stone slabs are neatly arranged on each side of the pyramid; the number 52 here corresponds to a calendar cycle of the Mayans.

The natives of Central America have always believed that they lived in a cyclical process, the smallest of which was 52 years.The Mayans believed that each time such a cycle passed, their celestial leader returned to them.In addition, they also believe that there were four so-called celestial leaders who descended to the earth. They circled the earth 13 times, and after 52 years, the shortest cycle in the Mayan calendar, they returned to the earth where humans lived. This belief is still maintained in today's folklore activities.In most cases, the Maya held this event on a very high flagpole, with 4 Indians in colorful costumes dancing around the flagpole, playing flutes while dancing, and at the same time, some other People are singing beside.An Indian commanded the dancers to climb up the flagpole with a long rope.At the top of the flagpole, they tie a rope to the flagpole, and then tie the other end of the rope to their chest or to the heel of their left foot.After that, the Indian in command made the four people on the flagpole jump from top to bottom around the flagpole, while stretching their hands to the ground, just like those relief images of gods.

The length of the rope has been carefully calculated in advance, so that each Indian can just touch the ground with his hands after turning 13 times around the flagpole.In this way, the sum of the 13 turns of the four Indians is 52, which is exactly equal to the number of years in the smallest calendar cycle of the Mayans, and it is also the time they expect the celestial leader to return to the world. The Mayan priest-architects have completed another stunning masterpiece, the geometry and orientation of this ancient building is enough to gracefully calibrate the precise calibration of Swiss clocks, creating an effect that is both mysterious and full of drama .This masterpiece is associated with an event that is repeated twice a year, at the beginning of spring and autumn: March 21 and September 21.

The Great Pyramid of Kukorgan must have been painstakingly and precisely designed by the builders, and people were able to see this unparalleled spectacle through the pyramid on the two days of the vernal equinox and the autumnal equinox.In the early morning of March 11, the rising sun shines on the east side of the pyramid.The higher the sun rises, the more places the light hits on the eastern middle steps.The stairs extend from the ground to the top of the pyramid, and on both sides of the stairs gradually reveal the image of two snakes decorated with feathers - which happens to be the symbol of the god Kukulgan.The snake extends from top to bottom, with the head gradually touching the ground.At the same time, in the nine platforms of the pyramid, a triangular pattern of light and shadow appeared, located on the edge of the steps, from which the feathered serpent was projected.The higher the sun rises, the more ripples of light and shadow will be cast. Along the edge of the stairs, the ripples will slowly move down, and finally dissipate in a piece of light.Each time, this illusion lasted for a full 3 hours and 22 minutes, exactly.On September 21, people can still see the same astonishing scenes, but in the reverse order of what happened on March 21.

Perhaps the entire pyramid was a demonstration of the priestly mastery of architectural geometry dedicated to the service of the gods.As a masterpiece of ancient Mayan astronomers, the Kukurgan Pyramid conveys to us an immortal belief from beginning to end, and even if the ancient manuscripts of the Mayans have long since decayed, even if the Mayan temples have long been destroyed, this belief But it has always maintained its original clarity: the god Kukurgan came to the world, he stayed among the people and taught us, and then he left us and returned to heaven.God Kukurgan once made a promise that he will return to the world soon.

Priest Yagur once wrote in his book: The gods descended from the hometown of the stars...they spoke the wonderful language of the sky.Their signs are unmistakable, they are indeed from heaven.When they return again, they will clean up all that they have created. ■The largest building on earth is located in the small town of Choula, 100 kilometers south of Mexico City. It looks lifeless, and its population is only 11,000, but there is a wide square in the center of the town.On its outskirts, there is a huge building known as the largest engineering plan in the ancient world. (Tlahchiualtepetl) "artificial mountain".

The Korula Pyramid was once used to enshrine the god of peace, Quizakotel, but now it has long been occupied by Catholics, and a richly decorated church was built on it.The base of the pyramid covers an area of ​​45 acres and is 210 feet high, making it three times larger than the Great Pyramid of Giza.Although after years of relentless erosion, its outline has gradually become blurred and weeds are overgrown around it, but we can still see that it was once a majestic and majestic ancient Babylonian pagoda (Ziggurat), with four neat and orderly pagodas reaching into the sky. Straight "ladder".At the base of the tower, each side is nearly half a kilometer in length.

The tunnel into the pyramid is more than 6 miles long, but it is not old - it was formed by several groups of archaeologists digging inside the pyramid from 1931 to 1966.Based on the artifacts excavated from it, archaeologists deduce that the construction of the pyramid took place over a very long period of time, that is, through a collective engineering plan over many generations.It took at least 2,000 years from construction to completion, and its participants came from different cultures and races, including Olmec, Chiaotihuacan, Toltec, Zapotec (Zapotec), Mixtec, Corula and Aztec.Korula has been influenced by these cultures since prehistoric times.

Who is the creator of this pyramid has not been determined yet, but archaeologists speculate that its earliest project was a towering pyramid shaped like a cone, which looked like a bucket with an upturned bottom, a flat top, and a tower above it. temple.Many years later, on this pyramid, a similar Shizuo pyramid was built. At the same time, a solid and thick stone slab was laid on the top of the first pyramid, making the foundation of the temple more than 200 meters higher than the surrounding plain. foot.In the next 1,500 years, after the participation of multiple nations and cultures, the Korula Pyramid gradually took on a complete appearance.During this period, the foundation of the pyramid was continuously expanded, but the height did not continue to increase.In this way, as if implementing a large overall construction plan, Korula's "artificial mountain" slowly revealed its typical 4-story pagoda structure.It now measures 1,500 feet on each side at the base, about twice the size of the Great Pyramid of Giza, and has a total volume of 3 million cubic meters.As the book "Mystery of the Pyramids" said: "This is the largest building built by humans on earth." ■Two Towers of Babel Because of the brutal and barbaric actions of the Spanish army led by the Spanish "Conqueror" Cortez (Heman Cortez) against the Sanctuary of Quetzalcotel and the residents of Corula, the culture of ancient Central America suffered unprecedented damage The catastrophe, there are less than 20 manuscripts and scrolls surviving today. It is said that the documents burned by the Spanish invaders at that time contained many "ancient histories". What kind of history is it?What kind of secret does it contain?The Franciscan friar Bermardino de Sahagun, a historian and eminent linguist, is said to have "traveled around to the Indian camp elders and begged them to bring the memories of the Aztec Croat history, religion and legends, recorded in Aztec hieroglyphics".He compiled the ethnic, mythological, social and historical materials of ancient Mexico collected over the years, and wrote a 12-volume masterpiece.But as soon as the book came out, it was banned by the Spanish authorities. Fortunately, there is still an incomplete copy preserved.Diego de Duran (Diego de Duran) is also a monk of the San François Order. He devoted his life to collecting local myths and legends, trying to dig out the lost ancient culture and knowledge. In 1585, Brother Diego went to Korula. A local old man over a hundred years old told him a story about the construction of the pagoda: In the beginning, the sun had not yet been created, and Korula was still in darkness and chaos. .At that time, the land was flat and vast, with no hills to be seen; the water surrounded the entire plain, and there were neither trees nor creatures.When the sun rose first in the east, immediately after, a group of deformed giants appeared in the world, and they occupied all the lands.Falling in love with the beautiful sun and light, they decided to build a tower; it was a tower so high that its top touched heaven.They searched for various materials for construction, until they found a kind of mud and asphalt with strong viscosity, and immediately started to build the tower... When the tower was finally built to the maximum height, the top of the tower touched Heaven.The Lord of Heaven was very angry because of this, and he said to the inhabitants of the sky: "Have you seen that the mortals on the earth were deceived by the beauty of the sun's light, and built a proud tower, which has been leading to us. You Teach them a lesson, lest these mortal subjects should infiltrate heaven and live with us." Then the inhabitants of heaven struck, and they destroyed the tower like lightning, and scattered the builders of the tower to all parts of the world. There is obviously a very close connection between this Mesoamerican legend and the story of the Tower of Babel in the Middle East described in the Bible.These two different versions of the legend of the tower may ultimately come from a common and extremely ancient ancestor, but they have been passed down orally for thousands of years, and their respective evolutions have gradually formed the current legend.Does this possibility really exist? In the "Bible? Genesis", the story of "Babel Babel" is told: At that time, the accent and language of the whole world were the same. While migrating towards the east, they saw a plain in the southern lands and settled there.They said to each other, "Come on, let's make bricks and bake them thoroughly." They used bricks for stones, and stone ports for mortar.They said, "Come, let us build a city, and a tower, the top of which shall be conceived in heaven, so that our fame may spread far and wide, that we shall not be scattered all over the earth." The LORD comes, and he will see Cities and towers built by the world. "Behold," says the LORD, "they are one people, and they all speak the same language. Now that they have done this, there is nothing they cannot do later. Let us go down there and confuse their speech, Make it impossible for them to speak to each other." So the LORD scattered them from there all over the earth.So they stopped working and built the city no more.That city was called Babel because the LORD confused the language of the world there and scattered them all over the earth. Most intriguingly, the builders of the Tower of Babel claim that their purpose in building this timeless structure was to keep their name alive—even if their civilization and language were forgotten.Did the builders of Korula Tower also have the same motivation? ■Important Evidence Until today, archaeologists are still not sure when the Korula battlements started to be built.But there are evidences that some ancient buildings existed for thousands of years when the city began to expand and develop in 300 BC; superior. Archaeological discoveries can prove that there is an extremely ancient civilization still hidden in the jungles of Central America, waiting to be excavated by archaeologists.For example, on the south side of the University of Mexico City campus, next to the highway connecting Cuernavaca, stands a circular stepped pyramid with a very complex structure, with 4 corridors and a main staircase. After 1920, archaeologists excavated part of the pyramid's remains from volcanic lava.After a detailed examination of the lava, geologists believe that the volcanic eruption, which not only buried all three sides of the pyramid, but also covered the surrounding 60 square miles of land, can be concluded to have occurred in "at least 7,000 years." before". However, this geologically important evidence has not been valued by historians and archaeologists, or they have ignored it intentionally or unintentionally, because their reason tells them that it is impossible for Mexico to survive in such a long prehistoric age. , there exists a civilization capable of building such a pyramid.What's more worth mentioning is that American archaeologist Byron Cummings (Byron Cummings), who excavated the monument for the National Geographic Society, was confronted with the clear hierarchy of the upper and lower parts of the pyramid (including When looking at the various parts completed before and after the volcanic eruption), he couldn't help but admit: "This is the oldest temple on the American continent discovered so far." Cummins' deduced date for the pyramid is even further ahead of geologists' identification.In his article "Quiquico and Ancient Mexican Culture", he said with certainty: "The temple was in ruins 8,500 years ago." ■Eternal historical mystery The most attractive thing is the huge and breathtaking buildings in Huanaco City.There is a tall pyramid rockery in Chengzhong. In order not to loosen the soil under it, its foundation is made of stones. There are huge stone statues everywhere in the city, and they are very old, so they have suffered from the wind and sun.The stones used in the walls of the city are staggeringly large, and one can't help but wonder how Yi could have completed it with human power.In addition, traces of Kinong buildings are scattered all over the city, the most attractive of which is a stone gate hewn out of whole rock.This stone gate stands on a pedestal that is 30 feet long, 15 feet wide, and 6 feet thick. The pedestal and the door are carved out of the same rock... And what kind of human beings were there at that time? In what way did tools and equipment complete such a large-scale project?We can't answer these questions, and we can't know what kind of means of transportation people used to transport these huge stones here... This text is the sixteenth-century Spanish historian Vega in the face of years of experience. Destroyed, but still very intact Emperor Huanaco City, the mood when I was shocked by its magnificent momentum. More than 400 years later, at the end of the twentieth century, even though the city of Tihuanaco was plundered, there are still scattered pillars carved from whole rocks around it-although these stones are extremely huge and heavy, they are cut It is so neatly carved and so exquisitely carved that people have to be overwhelmed by its momentum and have to suspect that it came from the hands of God. The pyramid rockery mentioned by Vega in the above quotation is the AKspana pyramid.Like the pyramids on the Giza Highlands, this pyramid was built according to the four basic directions of east, west, south and north, and its accuracy is equally astonishing.The difference between the two is that the foundation of the Yakapana pyramid is not as square as the pyramid of Giza.However, only because each side is 690 feet long, it has enough qualifications to be revered as a masterpiece of ancient architecture, and it is proud of the entire ancient city of Dihua Xike. At the beginning of the construction of the Yakapana Pyramid, the hills were first piled up with soil, and then the surface was covered with huge neutral feldspar (andesite), and then the steps were built and the tower body was polished extremely smooth.However, with the Spanish conquest of Bolivia, for hundreds of years, the pyramid became a cheap quarry for invaders.Architects came from all over the world to plunder the priceless stone trees on the pyramid, and today only 10% of them remain. In the process of looting stone materials, how many extremely precious historical materials were destroyed by those shameless thieves?The purpose of building this pyramid may have become an eternal mystery of history.Today, the only thing we can be sure of is that the construction of this pyramid is not just for decoration or out of ritual needs, it seems to be used more as some kind of mysterious "device" or mechanism.Archaeologists later discovered a crisscross network of channels made of fine ashlar inside the pyramid.The angles and connection points of these channels have been extremely precisely measured and designed by the factory (the error does not exceed 1/50 inch), and its function is to guide water layer by layer from the water storage tank on the top of the tower, and then enter the pyramid tower. body of the ditch, and finally rushed back.The foundations of the southern side of the pyramid. Using so much manpower and spending so much thought to build this complicated water diversion system is definitely not a whim of the ancients, but must be because of some special and important purpose.Archaeologists speculate that the construction of this pyramid is related to some primitive religion worshiping the rain god or the river god, and the purpose is to pay high respect to the power of water. A scholar, after an in-depth study of all the characteristics of the water diversion system inside the pyramid, determined that these artificial waterways are "parts of ore washing equipment, and their possible purpose is to wash the ore sand mined nearby." Other scholars believe that the mysterious "technological device" inside the Yakapana pyramid is related to death.The proof of this is the name of this pyramid, AKapana.In the ancient Aymara dialect still in use today, "Hake means 'mankind' or 'people'; Apana means 'death' (perhaps drowned here). Thus, AKapana is Refers to the place where people die...".What can be proved is that people also call the Yakapana Pyramid the Pyramid of the Dead.