The fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign, the failure of the defense of Guangchang, made the Red Army's military adviser Li De's "short assault" and "fort to fort" tactics bankrupt.From April 10 to 28, 1934, the 19th Red Army Corps and the 14th Defense Division fought fiercely with Chiang Kai-shek's 11 divisions in Guangchang for 18 days. At the cost of more than 5,500 people, it ended with the loss of Guangchang. With tears and hatred withdrew from Guangchang. Guangchang is a military hub in the fifth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression". It is one of the main gates of the Central Soviet Area and is located at the confluence of several arteries.The fall of Guangchang made the military adviser Li De, who had always considered himself calm, couldn't sit still.He walked over and over again on the ridges of the rice fields with his hands behind his back, and from time to time glanced at the lonely house next to the rice fields. It was specially built for him by the Red Army Headquarters. The Chinese may be for the convenience of his work, or for him. Live more comfortably.I remember that when he first arrived in the Soviet area, he lived in this house so contentedly.When this stubborn and aloof German was dispatched by the Communist International, he went through all kinds of dangers and set foot on the land of the Soviet Area alone, and his vigorous dream sprouted in the land of the Soviet Area. .He wanted to realize the dream that had not been realized in Germany on the land of China. He felt that the time was ripe, so in the fifth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression", he ignored Mao Zedong's suggestion of guerrilla tactics and insisted on pushing his fortress. tactics.When defending the Bavarian Republic, he was only 19 years old that year. The tragic street fighting made him more confident and calm at the age of 19. He did not believe that the experience of blood and fire would not work in China.

After several months of the fifth campaign against "encirclement and suppression", what he had to eat was not only bitter fruit, but also an inexplicable mood that was harder to swallow than bitter fruit. This kind of mood made him restless. He often wanted to get angry and curse, but Who are you going to get angry at?In the highest "three-person group", Bogu was always humble and cautious in front of him, and he always respected his tactical thinking and never raised any objections.Although Zhou Enlai had put forward different opinions on his tactical play, Zhou Enlai always diligently implemented what their top "three-person group" decided.What dissatisfaction does he have with a partner like China?Are you going to blame those Red Army soldiers?He had traveled through many countries and fought in countless battles, and he had never seen such a brave warrior.On the front line, he had seen with his own eyes the Red Army soldiers with spears and broadswords rushing towards the enemy with shouts. He never doubted that the Red Army was the best army in the world.

But the enemy is advancing day by day, while the land in the Soviet area is shrinking day by day.The Central Soviet Area has been reduced from thousands of miles in length and width to only 300 miles today.At this time, Li De couldn't help being confused and annoyed. He walked on the ridge over and over again, thinking in confusion, confused in thinking. Ruijin in July is full of golden scenery, the rice fields that are about to mature are rippling in the breeze, and there is a beautiful scene everywhere, but what is bad is Li De's mood, he throws away the "beautiful" card that he has sucked half Cigarettes, he broke a straw and chewed it in his mouth. A wisp of bitter juice flowed into his mouth, but he didn't notice it.

He also thought of the just-concluded meeting of the "three-person group". Before Bo Gu and Zhou Enlai met, he had to calm himself down.As early as the beginning of the fourth anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign, Mao Zedong, who was deprived of his military rights, in the name of the chairman of the Soviet, repeatedly suggested that he use guerrilla tactics to destroy the enemy and crush the enemy's "encirclement and suppression" plan.Not only did he not adopt Mao Zedong's plan, but on the contrary, he strengthened his own tactics: short assaults, fortress against fortress.Until then, he thought maybe Mao Zedong was right, but he didn't want to admit this fact. This thought undoubtedly affected his next plan.At the meeting of the Supreme "Three-member Regiment", he proposed the idea of ​​first sending a unit deep into the enemy's rear. Once this idea was proposed, it immediately attracted a moment of silence.Bogu looked at him puzzled, while Zhou Enlai lowered his head in thought. This moment of silence gave Li De time to perfect his thoughts and plans, so he quickly expressed his thoughts.Inserting this team behind the enemy can not only contain some of the enemy, of course, the more the better, but also relieve the enemy's pressure on the Soviet area.On the other hand, we have to think about the future of the Red Army.In case this army makes a bigger achievement in the enemy's rear and establishes a new Soviet area, it cannot but be said to be a tactical victory for Li De.The third idea was completed with the help of Bogu and Zhou Enlai. Zhou Enlai first proposed that this army should be in the name of the anti-Japanese advance team, which could win the hearts of the people and more importantly, it was also a pressure on Chiang Kai-shek’s practice of only suppressing the Communist Party and not resisting Japan.

Prior to this, Ruijin had received news of peasant riots in several counties in southern Anhui.In the end, the top "three-person group" unanimously agreed that this force should be dispatched to Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Anhui and other provinces immediately. On the one hand, it would publicize the anti-Japanese proposition, and on the other hand, it would go to southern Anhui to establish a larger base.This is also the consistent caliber of the highest "three-person group" to the outside world. They know this team in their hearts, this is a asking stone thrown out, and it is a team that kills three birds with one stone.The success of this force is related to their long-awaited plan-the transfer of the Red Army's large forces.Bo Gu proposed to let the 7th Army take up this mission. Li De and Zhou Enlai did not raise any objections to his formulation.

Therefore, the Red 7th Army was ordered to rush back to Ruijin from Liancheng, Fujian in early July 1934. When the 7th Army just rushed back to Ruijin, due to the violent and short assault tactics on the Eastern Front, this tenacious and hard-working force was lost to only 4,000 people left.Some of the soldiers didn't even have weapons. They carried the spears on their shoulders and returned to Ruijin in a hurry. From the regiment commander to the soldiers, they only knew that they had to accept a new mission, but they didn't know what the specific mission was. , but their eagerness to fight and desire to win is the same.

As soon as the 7th Legion arrived in Ruijin, Li De and Zhou Enlai, the top "three-member regiment", quickly met with the main leaders of the legion.At that time, the head of the army was Xunhuaizhou, Le Shaohua, the political commissar of the army, and Su Yu, the chief of staff of the army. Li De quickly issued a combat mission to the 7th army. Arrive in southern Anhui. Up to this time, the top "three-member regiment" did not disclose to anyone in the army the news of the large army's westward expedition two months later. Judging from the purpose and direction of sending the 7th Army Corps, it has been heading east, but the direction of the large troop transfer is westward, which shows the good intentions of the highest "three-member regiment".It can be seen from this point that it cannot be said that Li De does not understand the tactics of making a move.

The 7th Legion is a ringing arrow released by Li De. He expects that the sharper the arrow of the 7th Legion, the better. By then, it will kill two or more birds with one arrow. This is what everyone in the highest "three-person group" expects.In order to strengthen the leadership of the 7th Army, Li De sent Zeng Hongyi, who had served as a representative of the Central Committee and Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee in the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Jiangxi Soviet Areas, as the representative of the 7th Army.This approach is also a method Li De adopted after careful consideration to control the supreme power of the 7th Army.He is familiar with the leadership of the 7th Army Corps, and he is assured of the combat aspects of Corps Commander Xun Huaizhou and Chief of Staff Su Yu. What is not at ease is that these military leaders are not his confidantes. Li De's confidantes refer to those who stayed Those who lived in Su, Le Shaohua stayed in Su, and he was soon reused as the political commissar of the army.In Li De's heart, only those who have stayed with Su will command the battle, and he can rest assured.He sent Zeng Hongyi as the representative of the army to enhance his awareness of central leadership.Practice has proved that his central leadership is successful. From the departure of the 7th Army to the failure of Huaiyu Mountain, the military power has always been in the hands of Zeng Hongyi and Le Shaohua, who do not understand military affairs. It is also reasonable for the 7th Army to be defeated in the end.

The day the 7th Army set off was July 6, 1934, and it was a sunny day. After a short rest, the 7th Army added more than 2,000 recruits.Most of the more than 2,000 recruits did not have weapons. They only carried swords and shuttle marks, but they also brought a lot of other military supplies. Some cooking utensils of the 7th Army amounted to more than 500 Dan.These shoulder-to-shoulder teams formed a mighty moving army. The Eastern Expedition of the 7th Army was also a preview of the Red Army's Western Expedition a few months later. Standing in front of the gate of the Central Ruijin Agency, Li De watched the mighty troops of the 7th Army passing by in front of his eyes. He was both excited and nervous. What effect will it play.Until the follow-up troops of the 7th Army came out of Ruijin, and the people who saw them off had dispersed from the street, Li De was still staring in the direction where the 7th Army disappeared. He seemed to see the beautiful prospect of the 7th Army—the 7th Army broke through all the way and pulled out the city. Chiang Kai-shek mobilized a large number of troops to chase and intercept them. The soldiers of the 7th Army Corps fought their way bravely and established a large red Soviet area in southern Anhui. There were red everywhere and singing... Li De was a little intoxicated thinking of this, and he rushed to the 7th Army and disappeared A rare smile appeared in the direction of him.He walked back to his room calmly and firmly, and the rest was waiting for the news of the 7th Legion's victory.

Soon, messages and news about the 7th Army were put on Li De's desk one by one: On August 9, the 7th Army failed to attack Fuzhou and lost hundreds of soldiers. Intention, the 7th Army was forced to withdraw from Taoyuan in Fuzhou and move to the east of Fujian... News from the Southern Anhui Soviet Area: Riot organizations in several counties have failed. Enemy news: After Chiang Kai-shek learned of the 7th Army's intentions, he called back a large number of pursuing troops and "encircled and suppressed" the Soviet area again... Li De looked at the news on his desk and felt that his hopes were being lost little by little. However, he didn't want to lose his calculation so soon.He used to stand in front of the military map, and gave unrealistic orders to the 7th Army again and again. He imagined that the arrow released could ring.

When Li De completely gave up his hope for the 7th Army, he gave the order for the Red Army to advance westward in the Central Soviet Area.At that time, the 7th Army was fighting hard with the enemy in the white area. When the 7th Army arrived in the Fujian, Zhejiang, and Jiangxi Soviet Areas, it joined forces led by local local Zhimin at Chongxi, north of Geyuan, to form the Red 10th Army.At this time, the Red Army in the Central Soviet Area had already crossed the Xiangjiang River and marched westward, and the enemy mobilized more troops to encircle and suppress the newly formed 10th Army.Encountered with the enemy in Huaiyu Mountain, the troops were dispersed by the enemy. Fang Zhimin led a remnant to hide in the mountain to fight guerrillas. Zeng Hongyi, the representative of the Central Committee, surrendered after being arrested. The enemy fought unyieldingly in prison, and died heroically in Nanchang in mid-July 1935. After the anti-Japanese advance team was surrounded by the enemy in pieces and dispersed, a part led by Su Yu formed an advancing division and moved to the Fujian-Zhejiang border area, and still bravely and tenaciously persisted in the guerrilla war for three years.After the Anti-Japanese War broke out completely in 1937, the Red Army guerrillas in the southern provinces were unified and reorganized into the New Fourth Army, and the gathered 7th Army was organized into the Second Detachment of the New Fourth Army.When the 7th Army shouldered multiple missions and dealt with numerous enemies, the main force of the Red Army was undergoing an arduous Long March. Faced with the fate of the 7th Army, Li De never expected such an ending.Only then did he feel that he was so powerless to control the fate of the Red Army.Until later, when Li De left China in despair, he was still thinking hard. Not only was he thinking about his own fate, but what puzzled him even more was the fate of the Red Army.