Chapter 11 4. There is a limit to the height of the building

The height of buildings in the Beijing Imperial City Reserve is limited to less than 9 meters, but the city has not opened up a corresponding "protection zone" for housing prices, but instead allowed them to skyrocket unscrupulously in the city.Therefore, in the city of Beijing—demolition, the people suffer; construction, the people suffer. Beijing's "housing pain index" is much higher than that of Tokyo, which is known as "the most expensive city on earth".In this case, the State Council once again introduced policies to control housing prices.However, "what the prime minister says doesn't count, what the general manager says counts."Housing prices in Beijing have entered a vicious circle.Economist Wu Jinglian has repeatedly stressed that serious attention should be paid to preventing China from becoming a powerful market economy. The practical significance of these words has become increasingly prominent.

Even Premier Wen couldn't help but sigh with emotion, "I have a good heart, and I still have no regrets even though I died nine times." This shows the seriousness of this battle. When you travel to Beijing, the Beijing men who ride rickshaws will lead you around the alleys with eloquent eloquence. At the same time, they will tell you meaningfully: Beijing is really not an ordinary place. Is there any building under the imperial city that is not long? Dare to surpass Tiananmen Square?No.At least not in the imperial city protection area. The man is not fooling around.According to the provisions of the "Beijing Imperial City Protection Plan" officially implemented on April 7, 2003: "In the imperial city, for the traditional one-story courtyard buildings with 1-2 floors, the height of the buildings should be preserved according to the original appearance when they are reconstructed and newly built. It is forbidden to exceed the height of the original building; for buildings with more than 3 floors, the height of the new building must be less than 9 meters when rebuilding." At the same time, it is stipulated that "the planning scope of the imperial city is from east to east Huang (Huang) Chenggen, south to East and West Chang'an Avenue, west to Xihuang (Huang) Chenggen, Lingjing Hutong, Fuyou Street, north to Ping'an Street. The planned area is about 68 square kilometers, and the administrative division of Huangcheng belongs to Dongcheng , West City and two districts."

In fact, because of the city's special political, historical and cultural status, the height of buildings in Beijing presents an interesting ladder shape as a whole. According to the introduction of Mr. Kong Fanzhi, director of the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Cultural Relics, Beijing’s control of tall buildings has gone through two stages: before 2004, there were no restrictions on buildings in the old city, but height restrictions; after 2004, restrictions on modern buildings in the old city There are new constructions in the city; the specific method of restricting the height of buildings is the Forbidden City as the core. The building is 6 meters long, and further outwards can be built 12 meters, 18 meters, and 45 meters to the edge of the old city. This is the method of height limitation. After 2004, strict restrictions were adopted on buildings in Beijing’s old city, which is an overall protection measure. Protection must be reflected within 62.5 square kilometers of the old city, and development must be reflected in the more than 1,000 square kilometers outside the old city.

In fact, as early as November 1999, the Beijing Municipal Planning Institute, with the approval of the municipal government, made a "Regulatory Detailed Plan for the Central Area of ​​Beijing". "The detailed plan takes into account the gentle and open characteristics of the old city of Beijing, as well as the characteristic features of the famous ancient capital, and stipulates in terms of the shape and scale of the urban space. The entire city is centered on the Forbidden City, and the height of the buildings is divided into 7 levels that gradually increase outwards. , forming a gentle city skyline with low inside and high outside. According to the regulations, the Forbidden City and Houhai area are the original appearance protection area, Chang'an Avenue, Wangfujing Street, and Qianmen Street are the 30-meter control area, and the East Second Ring Road and West Second Ring Road The area is a 45-meter control area. Due to the prior planning, the basic image of Beijing’s urban architecture over the years has been that the houses in the city are slightly lower, and the houses outside the city are higher.”

However, what is more interesting is that there are two "ladders" that complement each other in the whole city of Beijing. In addition to the above-mentioned stairs, it is the distribution of population density. According to data from the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics on June 1, 2005, Beijing had a permanent population of nearly 15 million at that time, distributed at a density of 888 people per square kilometer, and nearly half of the permanent population was concentrated in Chaoyang, Haidian, Daxing, and Shijingshan. Suburbs.The population density of the inner suburbs is 15 times that of the 10 outer suburbs.

According to a report by the "Beijing Daily" in the same period: the distribution of permanent population density in Beijing shows a gradient change, that is, the urban population density is the highest at 23,008 people/square kilometer; the suburban area is next at 5,669 people/square kilometer; There are only 366 people per square kilometer.The population density of the urban area is four times that of the inner suburbs and 63 times that of the outer suburbs.The large regional distribution of the permanent population has become a new feature of Beijing's population development, and the population density has also shown a distinct step change.

You can jump out and condescendingly imagine the living conditions in Beijing—this city spreads out from the center of the Forbidden City. The buildings are getting taller and more houses are being built, but more and more people are panting. as Xi Chuan said in his article "Imagine the City I Live in", Beijing's "central area is empty. Its core, the nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine and a half houses in the Forbidden City, are completely lonely and silent." ; And the entire downtown area, surrounding this "core", is overcrowded. The city of Beijing, which has a thousand-year history, has undergone three major waves of transformation in the past 50 years.The first time was after the founding of New China in the 1950s; the second time was the "renovation of dilapidated houses" that began in the 1990s; the third time was the major demolition and renovation from 2000 to 2003.As a result of these renovations, more than half of the historic buildings in Beijing's old city were destroyed.

As of 2005, less than 15 square kilometers had been preserved in the relatively complete historical landscape in Beijing. Of the original 20 million square meters of historical buildings (including 13 million square meters of one-story courtyard houses) in the old city in 1949, less than a quarter of them had been preserved. one.There used to be 3,050 hutongs in Beijing. By 2003, there were only 1,600 hutongs (including streets) with a road width of less than 20 meters. In the old city, there were only more than 400 hutongs that were directly called hutongs. Obviously, the remaining old Beijing city really needs to be basically preserved.However, when protecting the old city and emptying the "excess population" in the protected area, Beijing still has not changed its consistent principle of "demolition first, then repair, first big and then small".

The protection of the old city is the most important thing, and the personal settlement is small. On an ordinary day in the early spring of 2005, 71-year-old Li Xiuchun was sitting on a bench at home worrying.Outside the house, are the ruins of the demolished house, and inside the house, there are household belongings all over the floor.Take away the TV and washing machine; throw away the sofa and large wardrobe; pick out the unused clothes and bundle them into bundles and sell them.She has been tidying up like this for months. At No. 29 Ganjing Hutong, Dashilan, Beijing, there are about six or seven families living in this small courtyard house.Now it has been split in half, and the houses of three families were included in the Meishi Street Road widening project, and their houses had to be demolished.Since December 31, 2004, when the Meishi Street renovation project was announced to start, by February 17, two of the three relocated households had left, and their houses had been turned into rubble. Only Li Xiuchun's house remained untouched.The demolition office and people from the street came to ask her when she would move every day. It wasn't that she didn't want to move, but there was no suitable place to go.

Encouraging the evacuation of the population in the old city and gradually reducing the population in the old city is an important content in the 2005 Beijing City Master Plan.In the 1983 version of the master plan, a goal was set to reduce the population of Beijing from 1.85 million to 1.2 million.However, by 2003, the actual population of the old city of Beijing was still no less than 1.65 million. There are too many people. In the old urban area under key protection, there are all kinds of old buildings and dilapidated houses. The whole family eats and drinks inside, which is definitely not conducive to the maintenance of the old city. Therefore, demolition is inevitable, and it is also what the Beijing Municipal Government can think of the most direct and effective way.

The "Beijing's Eleventh Five-Year Plan for the Protection of Famous Historic and Cultural Cities" published in 2007 proposed: "During the 'Eleventh Five-Year Plan' period, Beijing will gradually release some functions of the old city and reduce the population density of the old city. According to the requirements of Beijing's overall urban planning, to In 2020, the population of Beijing's old city will decrease from 1.8 million to 1.1 million, with an average of 40,000 people relocated every year. Based on this calculation, about 200,000 people will be relocated during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period." According to the report of "China News Weekly": "All the relocated households will receive a sum of compensation. The standard here is implemented in accordance with Beijing's No. 87 document, which has a set of complicated calculation formulas. Take Li Xiuchun's family as an example: Li Xiuchun and Her wife and a daughter live in a bungalow with a total area of ​​28.8 square meters. The compensation is 8,020 yuan per square meter, plus other subsidies, and her family can get a total of just over 300,000 yuan. At the same time, the government Provided low-cost housing for relocated households, all located within Beijing’s Third Ring Road. For example, Li Xiuchun could choose Xuanxiang’s Home in Shazikou, outside Yongding Gate. The housing price is more than 4,000 yuan per square meter. "However, Li Xiuchun said that the one-bedroom house in Xuanxiang's home is 40 square meters, and the three of them cannot live in it. They can only buy a two-bedroom apartment, which costs 80 square meters. The total cost is 400,000 yuan. She is short of 100,000 yuan. I can’t afford it. Even if I could move there, Li Xiuchun said that she used to only need to walk 200 meters to see a doctor, but now it’s a huge difficulty to reverse the car; it used to cost 40 yuan a month to use a gas tank In the future, it will cost at least 60 yuan a month to burn natural gas; and the property fee will cost more than 100 yuan a month. This sum seems to be a small amount of money, but it is not small for Li Xiuchun: the financial situation of her and her wife The only source is the pension of several hundred yuan per month." Faced with such contradictions, Zhang Dong, the general manager of Beijing Dashilar Investment Co., Ltd., the main implementer of the reconstruction plan for the Dashilar area, admitted that he had no choice. "It can't be solved. This is also a problem that puzzles us, and this is not a small number of households. This is a social problem. It shouldn't be said that I need to renovate this area, and I will bear it." If Beijing wants to develop, it must undergo transformation, and transformation often means overthrow and reconstruction.For "development", the scholar Wu Zuolai has this evaluation: "The word development becomes the god of the city, but how many people share the well-being and benefits brought by development? Development is a god of wealth who only loves the rich and powerful, not the sun." God can’t shine on everyone.” Beijing used the method of demolition to remove the aborigines in the central urban area, and then redeveloped the land.These people can move back again, but the land is not what it used to be.In the 2005 investigation report by Guan Guoxiang, deputy to the People's Congress of Xicheng District, Beijing and director of the Urban Construction and Environmental Protection Committee, such a figure was mentioned: In Xicheng District, the relocation price is generally around 7,000 yuan per square meter, and it costs 50 yuan to buy a two-bedroom apartment (70 square meters). The demolition compensation for residents is generally around 300,000 yuan per household, so most demolition households cannot afford it. No matter whether Li Xiuchun and the others are willing to relocate, or where they can relocate in the city, they cannot resist the wheels of the city after all.However, another question arises: who has the right to live in the city, in the inner city? Wu Weijia from the School of Architecture of Tsinghua University expounded such a point of view: in a city, there are large families and high-income people, and there should also be some low-income people, such as housekeepers, nannies, and drivers, to serve the high-income people.Such a community is complete and can create a virtuous circle, and it is impossible for only rich people to live there. The fact is that it cannot enter a virtuous circle as experts say. "High housing prices" have already become street rats in Beijing, and everyone shouts and beats them.But after playing for so many years, it has become more and more "robust". In the book "Same Core City" written by Wang Yunfei, let us see the parallel pattern of European and American cities with envy: "San Francisco itself has only 120 square kilometers and 750,000 people. But by rail transit, it only takes 30 minutes to reach other cities. A big city, Oakland. Similarly, it only takes 10 minutes to reach Berkeley, the seat of the famous Berkeley University. In this way, the big city of San Francisco with a population of 6.6 million shown in the brochure is composed of the above-mentioned San Francisco, Oakland , Berkeley and other cities." However, Beijing's urban structure is accompanied by a planned economic system with highly concentrated power, which spreads from one center to the surrounding areas. Administrative agencies, scientific research institutions, educational facilities, and commercial facilities are all concentrated around the center, rather than scattered to other places. more distant areas.This makes people flock to the center without hesitation. Beijing's "primary" effect also makes outsiders flock to it in the face of high housing prices.According to a staff member of the Ministry of Health: "There are 594 tertiary and first-class hospitals in the country, and 37 in Beijing. In terms of number, it is not particularly high, but Beijing's medical level is very high in the whole country. "It is an indisputable fact that Beijing's educational strength ranks first among Chinese cities.According to the information provided by the Ministry of Education, the schools included in the national "211" project plan, including the newly added 211 colleges and universities since September 8, 2005, Beijing has a total of 23 schools, ranking first in the country. It was under the temptation of such "center" and "prime" effects that 28-year-old Yang Gang (pseudonym) and 27-year-old Ding Li (pseudonym) became legendary "house slaves". Yang Gang is from Xingtai, Hebei, and Ding Li is an authentic Beijing girl. The two belong to an "office romance".Today, the young couple lives in an apartment of more than 100 square meters in Century City, Haidian District. The best floor, the best orientation, and of course the most expensive price. The total price is 2.9 million, with a down payment of 1.16 million, 900,000 from parents, 200,000 from grandma, and a fraction from aunt. What awaits Yang Gang and Ding Li is 30 years, 10,000 yuan per month; they add together With a salary of 13,000 yuan per month, excluding the monthly payment of 10,000 yuan for the house, there is only 3,000 yuan for living expenses. Right now, the biggest wish of the young couple is to save money to buy furniture. The biggest entertainment activity in normal times is to go to various home furnishing forums, dream about filling up the home, and then fall asleep with great excitement, and wake up with nothing but the house——Yang Gang said , the four walls of the house are still a bit exaggerated, the curtains are there, the kitchen and bathroom facilities are a few buddies pooled together, but I dare not buy the top-notch ones, the TV is moved from Ding Li’s boudoir, the newly bought bed, the specifications It has also shrunk from the planned 1.8 meters to 1.2 meters.Yang Gang said rather helplessly: "It's been more than a year since we moved, and we haven't invited anyone to play at home. When guests come, there isn't even a sofa to sit on." Experts say that the monthly payment accounts for one-third of the income is safe, but now the monthly payment accounts for more than half of the country, and the two live cautiously on 3,000 yuan: "Life is like walking a tightrope. You can't get angry with the leader, you can't resign, Don’t get sick, be careful when crossing the road and don’t get into an accident... A house has defined the track of my life, and I can only move forward and toward money.” What made Yang Gang indignant was the bank interest of 970,000 yuan. He vowed to save money and repay the loan in advance, and never work for the bank.What made him feel even more heavy was the down payment made by the whole family.Among them, 200,000 yuan was saved by grandma for a lifetime. "Repaying the loan to the bank is physical work. Although it is tiring, it is calm. As for my family, I owe an emotional debt that will never be repaid." When Yang Gang was also happy, he casually talked about the house with others, and announced that he lived in Century City by the way, which immediately attracted a burst of admiration: "It's okay, buddy! The house in the school district is a big house!" At that moment, Yang Gang felt that 2.9 million heard the sound. up. It's a pity that this kind of joy is really "the unbearable lightness of being".Only his wife, Ding Li, understands her husband’s changes best. She said that the once carefree young man will never come back—“When we bought the house, the whole family asked him for him, and he was the only one playing PSP. , still looks like a child. It’s good now, I’ve just lived for more than a year, and I’m much older, and my walking posture sometimes feels like a middle-aged person.” Regarding the "housing pain index" (that is, the ratio of housing prices per square meter to monthly income), "World Financial Report" published a report in June 2006, comparing Tokyo, known as "the most expensive city on earth" with our Beijing Made a comparison: "The current population of Tokyo is nearly twice that of Beijing, and the area of ​​Beijing is three times that of Tokyo. In this way, the population density of Beijing is only 1/6 of the population density of Tokyo. In any case, Beijing Housing prices in Japan should not be more expensive than those in Tokyo.” "Currently in downtown Tokyo, an apartment building with a usable area of ​​80 square meters (a well-decorated unit with 3 bedrooms, 1 living room, 1 kitchen and 1 bathroom, comes with a balcony of 20 square meters and a corridor of several square meters, as well as basic electrical appliances, including LCD TV, etc., first-class decoration, roughly equivalent to a 120-square-meter rough house in Beijing) plus a parking space, the price is about 30 million yen, equivalent to 2.25 million yuan, and the price of an apartment unit is about 23,000 yuan per square meter. " "In 2005, the per capita income of Japanese people was US$34,510 (276,000 yuan), and the monthly income was 23,000 yuan. Tokyo people's 'housing pain index': 23,000 (average housing price per square meter) ÷ 23,000 yuan ( Monthly average income) = 1. In the same year, Beijing’s “housing pain index” was: 6485 yuan (average housing price per square meter) ÷ 1471 yuan (monthly average income) = 4.41.” We came up with a seemingly unacceptable In fact, in 2005, Beijing's "housing pain index" was far greater than that of Tokyo. Today, in the face of rocket-like housing prices and snail-speed wages, Beijing's "housing pain index" may be even better.The Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics and the Beijing Investigation Team of the National Bureau of Statistics released on March 15, 2010: From January to February 2010, the average price of off-plan residential houses within the Fourth Ring Road in Beijing was 31,220 yuan per square meter, The price is 17,254 yuan per square meter, the average price of the fifth to sixth ring road is 11,776 yuan per square meter, and the average price outside the sixth ring road is 10,409 yuan per square meter. Let's do another comparison.According to the data of the "2010 Beijing Social Construction Analysis Report" jointly released by Beijing University of Technology and Social Science Literature Publishing House on July 17, 2010, the current ratio of housing prices to income in Beijing is 25:1.That is to say, the income of an average family for 25 years can buy a house. In 2008, the per capita disposable income of urban residents in Beijing was 24,725 yuan, and the per household disposable income was 64,285 yuan.Among them, the per capita disposable income of 20% of high-income families is 47,110 yuan, and the average household disposable income is more than 122,000 yuan. For 20% of low-income families, the per capita disposable income is only 10,681 yuan, and the average household disposable income is more than 27,000 yuan. In 2009, Beijing commodity housing prices rose as high as 73.5% for the whole year. In 2008, the average area of ​​commercial housing sold in the Beijing housing market was 110.7 square meters. According to the average price of 17,810 yuan per square meter in November 2009, it would cost 1.6 million yuan to buy a 90-square-meter ordinary commercial housing, which is equivalent to that of an average family. 25 years of disposable income. In fact, high housing prices may mean more problems for people living in Beijing.On Tencent's financial forum, a letter written by a middle-class Beijinger to his wife who insisted on buying a house caused fierce reactions.Here, you are also invited to watch: beloved wife: Hi! Please forgive me for communicating with you by letter, because I am not good at quarreling, and you are not good at face-to-face communication. You insisted on buying a house that day, and I explained a few words, but you were unhappy, and there was no chance to communicate these days.Then I will express my point of view in words. I remember that before we got married, we reached an agreement on the housing issue. We believed that the housing price was too high at this stage, and we should rent a house first to see how it changes. Besides, both our parents also have our single room in their homes.However, the stock market and housing prices have risen sharply recently, and you have been a little shaken, so you suddenly lost your temper because of the house that day.It's not that we can't afford a house. Is our savings, income, and buying a house a problem?The problem is only on the timing, quality, and which developer to choose. My dear, let's discuss the following issues: First look, is the time right? Now the whole world is in economic crisis, our country is no exception, even more serious.If you look at the violent incidents surging around the world and around the country, you can understand where the danger of rising unemployment is and how far the economic crisis has reached. The economy is self-adjusting. Since last year, the economy has been adjusting. Countries around the world are busy cutting taxes. In our country, some people who think they understand the economy have increased taxes and introduced huge credit to save the economy. They came out, but they did not dare to enter the real economy. Instead, they entered the stock market and real estate market to make profits.Just look at the actions of those state-owned enterprises that have easily obtained huge loans in the stock market and real estate market: Sinochem Fangxing, which bought Beijing Land King, is a state-owned enterprise, and a Shanghai state-owned enterprise bought Beijing Daxing Land King... This shows that China The horror of the real economy: Even if you give money, you dare not invest it, so you have to use it for speculation. Look at the demand: the number of people taking the college entrance examination has begun to decline, and the number of primary and secondary schools has been decreasing for more than ten years, indicating that a huge change in the demographic structure is imminent. Look at the household debt ratio: China's debt far exceeds that of the United States, right?How many of these young people who buy a house have prepared their pension expenses, medical expenses, and education expenses?How long can these explicit and implicit liabilities support housing prices?How long can China's low-wage strategy support housing prices? For the cycle and fluctuation of housing prices, you should really look at the real estate situation in Japan and Hong Kong over the past decade.There are many discussions on the Internet, so I won't say more.Have you ever seen a plane that goes straight up?Housing prices are like airplanes, and it is impossible to fly upwards all the time.When you run out of oil, you will always return to the surface. Furthermore: property tax should also be collected, right?Property fees, parking fees, should they go up?Just look at the treatment of car buyers, and the cost will continue to rise.When we bought a house, it was like an old cow hitched to a cart, an old donkey hitched to a mill, and forced to serve developers as cattle and horses for the rest of our lives.What brings is not security, but burden. Data speaks, do the math: the house you want to buy is 2.6 million, based on the current mortgage interest rate of 5.94, the loan is 30 years, and you have to pay back 20,000 per month. Let’s rent a house and it won’t cost 20,000 per month. Preservation: Does the house preserve its value?In some countries, houses may preserve their value, but in this country, it seems more like a pyramid scheme.A house with no land rights, no quality assurance, and no system to guarantee property rights, how can it preserve its value?When beating drums and passing flowers, the common people are mostly the ones who take the last stick. Now you and I really want to repeat the story of pyramid schemes? Is the quality guaranteed?You said that the real estate is only 17,000 yuan per square meter.Yes, it's not expensive, but the core reason why I don't want to buy a house is quality.The "suicide" and fallen Yilou in Shanghai is just a microcosm of China's real estate.In fact, if you look at Wenchuan Beichuan, the West Railway Station, and the Asian Games venues, you will understand that the officials of the Chinese Ministry of Construction are right: "The average life expectancy of Chinese real estate is 30 years." You can look at Shihan on Sina.com Bing, Niu Dao's blog will understand.How meaningful is it for us to spend 2 million to buy a house without land rights that can only be used for 20 or 30 years? Wife, let's stop arguing about buying a house. For a house, is it worth it to have a dispute and hurt the couple's relationship? Having said so much, I also feel that I am a bit wordy and the paragraphs are scattered. No wonder you call me "Tang Seng".Tonight, I can't sleep all night for my husband, I'm crying, I don't know what to say, I just hope you change your mind and don't be fooled by the developer to force me to buy a house.When the economy went down last year, I heard that some rag harvesters committed suicide, some steel sellers committed suicide, and some cotton farmers committed suicide...but I didn't hear any developers committed suicide.As for what I said, "The developer is not destroyed, why should the family be?" It's just a joke, don't take it seriously. It's not that I'm cruel, it's the developer's spokesperson who said: "If the housing price falls, replace 10 steel bars with 5!" It's the developer who said: "Social development requires someone to make sacrifices!" Is it not good to buy a house when you are constantly "sacrificing"? Honey, change the money into dollars and wait and see, the house will be there soon.After a big rise, there will be a big fall, and after a big chaos, there will be a big order.One day, the country will escape the kidnapping of developers.When the developer's capital chain breaks and housing prices fall like the building in Shanghai, there will be houses. Now, what we need now is not money or housing, but mutual respect, love, unity, understanding, plus, a little patience... Sincerely, salute husband Beijing 2009-7-11 On May 14, 2010, the "Beijing Evening News" published a comment "Miss Leaving Beijing Housing Listing", saying that the housing of the lady is a "rigid demand", if the lady is driven out of the capital, "it is estimated that the housing rental market in the city will Add more than 200,000 housing units", the sharp increase in rental housing will definitely make the rent plummet.The cheaper the rent, the more money-holders will switch from buying to renting, and the demand for new houses and second-hand houses will also drop.That's when "the real inflection point in housing prices occurred." When many media cite this report, they will add two words before the title: jokes.Some netizens pointed out sharply: "It's really brazen, unscrupulous, and bullying the disadvantaged to put the shit pot of rising housing prices on the lady's head. Why don't you dare to clamor for the old man who takes care of the lady and buys houses for the lady, mistress, and aunts?" They are all driven out of the capital? Picking the soft persimmons is the perfect grandson's art of war!" Some people even said straight to the point: "It is better to kill corrupt officials than to lower housing prices and chase young ladies." This verifies the view of Li Daokui, a professor at Tsinghua University and member of the Monetary Policy Committee of the People's Bank of China: high housing prices may slow down the urbanization process, thus affecting future economic growth.Rising property prices are also a potential political flashpoint, especially among young people who feel excluded from the housing market. Why are housing prices in Beijing so high?Who is pushing up prices?Experts and scholars from all walks of life have different opinions, but the views of the people are relatively unified - "It is definitely not just the high income of individual consumers and the so-called rigid demand that determine the high housing prices in Beijing, but the local government in the upstream industry chain of the real estate industry Land auctions, joint hype under the collusion between officials, businessmen and even banks..." However, the intertwined interest chain in the middle is not something that ordinary people like me can speculate on, let alone shake.Even Premier Wen Jiabao's determination and efforts to curb skyrocketing house prices have been repeatedly "scorned". On February 27, 2010, Premier Wen said in a joint interview with ChinaGovernment.com and Xinhuanet: "I understand the feelings of the masses very well. I also know what the so-called 'snail dwelling' feels like." At the same time, he expressed confidence in China's economic development , "I am determined to manage this matter well during the term of the current government, so that the real estate market can develop healthily and housing prices can be kept at a reasonable price." On this side, as soon as the Prime Minister’s words fell, Beijing auctioned three land kings within one day on March 15 (that is, the first day after the closing of the “two sessions”), and all of them were state-owned enterprises—“the eldest son of the Republic.” ": After 84 rounds of on-site bidding, Beijing Yuanhao Real Estate Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Sino-Ocean Land, won the auction of the land in Dawangjing Village, Chaoyang District, at a total price of 4.08 billion yuan. The equivalent floor price is as high as 27,500 yuan per square meter. Unit price king.Subsequently, Beijing CITIC Xincheng Real Estate Co., Ltd., after 64 rounds of bidding, won the Daxing Yizhuang land for 5.24 billion yuan, becoming the king of the total price.But only 6 hours later, the unit-price land king was taken away by the Jimen Bridge land in Dongsheng Township. Beijing Shibo Hongye Real Estate Development Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of China South Industries Group Corporation, won the land at a price of 1.76 billion yuan. The actual floor price of the plot exceeds 30,000 yuan per square meter. On March 16, CCTV immediately produced an issue of "Policy Down, Housing Price Up" on the "News 1+1" column.Bai Yansong unceremoniously pointed out at the beginning: "Is the real estate market in the hands of the prime minister or the general manager? During the two sessions, everyone remembered that the prime minister's work report said that housing prices in some cities should be curbed. There is such a trend of rising. But in one day, the prime minister’s report was given eye drops, and the three land kings set high prices one after another, and before the building was built, the price was already higher than the second-hand housing, and even the commercial housing next to it, sometimes You are wondering if what the prime minister says doesn’t count, but what the general manager says counts.” There are still many people who expressed dissatisfaction with the "eldest sons of the Republic" who "provoked" Wen Jiabao's execution on the first day after the closing of the two sessions. For example, "Global Times", "Youth Times", and the headlines recommended by the World Wide Web are fierce: " The rebellious deeds of the eldest son of the Republic. According to a reporter from "Shanghai Securities News" citing information from real estate agencies, "Shortly after the birth of the new 'Land King' on the afternoon of the 15th, homeowners in Beijing's Wangjing area clearly raised their prices." The author of "Worker's Daily" lamented that the central enterprises "don't give anyone face." The "Beijing News" used an editorial to accuse the central enterprises of robbing "land kings" for harming fairness and justice; "Southern Metropolis Daily" used the Beijing deputy mayor's shattered land price prediction As a reference, it is determined that if the "land king" of central enterprises is not curbed, it will be difficult for housing prices to return. "Beijing Evening News" Su Wenyang simply laughed and cursed, and suggested that next year's CCTV Spring Festival Gala sketch "please Pan Shiyi and Ren Zhiqiang to perform"-in China, what else can make us laugh and cry more than high housing prices and "land kings"? There are also some media whose views are more calm and rational. The headline of the youth topic section of China Youth Daily believes that in the absence of rigid institutional constraints, it is powerless to criticize central enterprises. Faced with the hope during the two sessions and the disappointment after the two sessions, the author of "Yanzhao Metropolis Daily" appealed that "politics is not only a matter of freedom of expression, but also the implementation and cooperation of policy execution." "Southern Metropolis" interpreted the real estate carnival behind the land king with a comment signed by Qiufeng. "The process is all thanks to the inflation policy... The real estate industry has become a big casino, where the wealth of the whole society is undergoing a reverse transfer. Zhou Ruijin, a senior Chinese media person, mentioned "the emergence and growing of special interest groups with the background of public power" in an interview with SOHO China's internal magazine "SOHO Tabloid" in 2009. The phenomenon of being too high, cleared away a corner of the fog.Zhou Ruijin said: “In the tide of the market economy that began in the 1990s, in the promotion of the market-oriented reform of production factors, in the fields of real estate, mining resources, financial securities, and energy industries, rent-seeking through government-business collaboration has become quite common. In the new century, along with the 'advancement of the state and the retreat of the private sector' and the depreciation of ordinary private enterprises, some state-owned monopoly enterprises, as well as many powerful private enterprises with official backgrounds, rely on public power as their backing and umbrella, making excessive profits unscrupulously profits, and even seek illicit capital returns.” In recent years, Mr. Wu Jinglian, an economist, has repeatedly stressed that serious attention should be paid to prevent China from becoming a market economy of the elite, that is, the principles of elite capitalism.Zhou Ruijin believes that "this is by no means aimless, but has a sharp and realistic pertinence." According to a speech "Why my country's House Prices Are High" at the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference in 2009 by the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, a survey of "development costs of real estate companies" in nine cities across the country in 2008 showed that among the total expenditures , the proportion of the part flowing to the government (ie land cost + total tax) is 49.42%.China's real estate industry may be the most typical industry in the world where the government and the people compete for profit, and it is an area with a high incidence of corruption. Zhou Ruijin said: "Because real estate income is the most important source of local fiscal growth, during the world financial crisis, some local governments frequently appeared voices of real estate rescue and local policies. Zhou Jiugeng, the real estate director of Jiangning District, Nanjing, who was sentenced for accepting bribes, once threatened to punish developers who dared to sell real estate at lower prices? When ordinary people are eagerly looking forward to a big price cut in the real estate market that is far from the practical value and national income level, However, local governments can reap GDP achievements from supporting and boosting the real estate industry, while some officials can continue to fill their own pockets." As the capital and the central government, Beijing can be regarded as the "old root" of these special interest groups, and the resistance to reform here can be imagined.Therefore, it is no wonder that during the 2010 National People's Congress, Premier Wen quoted the poet Qu Yuan's sentence at the press conference on Sunday: "I have the kindness in my heart, even though I died nine times, I still have no regrets." To express his feelings. “Because his governance is limited, by the system of which he is a member, he wants to express his wishes publicly,” said Chen Yongmiao, an independent researcher in Beijing, analyzing the prime minister’s citations.