Chapter 84 Section ten

Let's talk about the Japanese assistance in the war. During the Korean War, there were rumors in the streets and alleys that the Japanese accompanied the U.S. troops to the battlefield.On this point, it was also clearly pointed out as follows: "Japan's service is not limited to industry and territory. The Korean People's Army will continue to criticize the Japanese participation in the Korean War. The Asahi Shimbun on November 19, 1952 reported such a Fact: Shigeharu (Neo Hiratsuka), the eldest son of Motoji Hiratsuka, a painter who lived in Kitamachi, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, participated in the Korean War with the U.S. Army and was killed in battle near Seoul. According to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, there are similar Example. In order to deny the above-mentioned facts, on September 29 of the same year, George Harman, the director of the Tokyo bureau of the American Columbia Broadcasting Corporation (CBS), reported on the radio that a ghost force composed of 8,000 people was fighting on the Korean battlefield. It is a volunteer force composed of Korean nationals in Japan. He argued that the "Japanese troops in North Korea" referred to by the Communist Party are actually these people.

"However, the next day (30th), the South Korean representative office in Japan issued a statement acknowledging that there were indeed Korean nationals living in Japan who volunteered to go to North Korea through the non-governmental organization system, but the number was only 625. Then, reporter Harman said The 8,000 people in Japan minus these 625 people, which country's soldiers are the remaining personnel? Therefore, the reporter Harman proved that at least 7,375 Japanese participated in the Korean war. War." (Liu Haoyi: "Modern History of Korea") Leaving aside whether this detailed figure is reliable, the fact that the Japanese directly assisted the U.S. military in combat on the Korean battlefield cannot be denied.When the Inchon landed, under the cover of more than 1,000 aircraft, 50,000 United Nations troops were transported by 300 ships. At that time, a considerable number of Japanese transport personnel were used. This is a fact.Some of them acted as navigators, some as sea sweepers, and some as pilots to provide assistance.

The Incheon landing is a very common sense in strategy. It should be said that the United States will ask the old Japanese soldiers to provide necessary assistance for this operation.Regarding North Korea's terrain, the depth of its territorial waters, etc., there is no more abundant information than the Japanese army.Such data, along with others, were centralized in US agencies after the occupation.Another building of the U.S. General Headquarters, the Yusen Company Building, has departments such as history and geography, and many senior Japanese military officers have participated in the work there.

"To assist the Americans, Willoughby employed almost two hundred Japanese—nominally putting them to work under his supervision. At least fifteen of them were senior officers in the Army and Navy. Some of them He has also participated in the formulation of actual combat plans, and most of them have held extremely confidential positions. For example, Lieutenant General Arisue San was once the head of intelligence at the General Staff Headquarters, which is equivalent to Willoughby himself in the US military. Riverside Tiger Lieutenant Admiral Shiro is the deputy chief of the staff headquarters and will serve as the chief representative in the negotiation of surrender in Manila. Colonel Takushiro Hattori will serve as the chief of the operations section of the staff headquarters for a long time and is Tojo's secretary. Nakamura Kappei is the representative of the navy Headed by Rear Admiral and Colonel Omae Toshiichi; Omae pretended to be humble and claimed to be the most stupid person in the Japanese navy. The navy team is also full of talents. None of the people in the Yusen Company building are historians, nor are they People who are good at writing let them collect Japanese records and compile official Japanese war history. Their work is classified as confidential. Since the work of the group of people in the Yusen Company Building is carried out under high secrecy, Some observers believe that the Japanese adopted this way of working to cover up the fact that the staff of the Japanese General Staff Headquarters cooperated with the American occupying forces, and even an American civilian who nominally supervised the work of the Japanese also held this view. People doubt that Kazu Araki The suspicion that the main task of the partners and the staff who assisted them was not to write the history of the war was strengthened by the special treatment they received." (Wells: "Tokyo Tornado")

There is no doubt that the history and geography departments in the cruise ship company building not only collate the historical data of the war, but also organize the military data.It is the tradition of the Japanese Army to use the Soviet Union as an imaginary enemy.From this we can understand the reasons for Willoughby's enthusiasm for employing these old staff headquarters.Moreover, since Japan once occupied North Korea, I must have preserved an extremely detailed "strategic map" of North Korea, including a part of the adjacent territory of Northeast China.It is natural to imagine that these all played a role in the Korean War.

The strategic map doesn't just include North Korea.It also includes the Primorsky region of the Soviet Union and the area opposite Sakhalin Island.Since the strategy against the Soviet Union has been the tradition of the Japanese army since the Meiji period, the research on this aspect is very detailed.On the eve of the defeat, most of these materials were hidden in Matsushiro's underground headquarters in Shinshu.After the armistice, there was a battle over the data among members of the old Army.Almost all of these materials later fell into Willoughby's hands.The job of the history and geography departments of the Cruise Line Building is to organize such information.

This strategic map is still being revised.It was leaked from time to time and caused controversy in Congress. (To give one example, Socialist MP Asuka Da showed the map in parliament.) This strategic map is the best source of information for the U.S. General Command.But the subsequent man-made changes cannot be seen on the map.New changes in the distribution of military installations, factory facilities, villages, population, new communication lines, agricultural production areas, etc. must be revised on the map at any time.The method is to examine the repatriated people from the Soviet Union, make judgments based on their testimonies, and make corrections.

Among the old soldiers who assisted the U.S. General Headquarters, remove Nakamura among Yumo (A), Kawabe (K), Hattori (H), Nakamura (N), and Omae (O), plus Tatsuya The (T), which is easy to pronounce in this way, is called the KATOH mechanism.It is the most effective special organization among the Japanese agencies of the Intelligence Department of the U.S. General Command. Although its tasks are different, its strength is said to be comparable to that of the 422nd "Counterintelligence Team" of the Torresian Agency in the United States. Among them, it is said that the Hattori agency (ie H agency) had put forward positive suggestions for the Incheon landing operation.

This organization probably does have secret agents who have worked in the North Korean army for a long time.Some people from the so-called navy and former soldiers of the Japanese army called the ship unit probably served as transporters for the Incheon landing. How was the Japanese navy preserved before this?The Second Demobilization Office is its organ.In this hall, there are dozens of senior military officers headed by the former Navy Vice Minister Minoru Maeda, who are engaged in compiling war history and other work.It echoes the Army Group of the Mail Line Building.Like the group in the Cruise Ship Company Building, the so-called compilation of war history is actually the study of naval strategy against the Soviet Union.Moreover, all available personnel from the old navy soldiers who were demobilized from the Soviet Union and Northeast China were reviewed and placed in this institution.These people later moved to the Old Naval University, publicly established the Institute of War History, and through Willoughby, got in touch with the Historiography Section.

The History Compilation Section has recruited former Navy Colonel Toshiichi Ohmae, Colonel Atsushi Oi, Colonel Yoshimori Terai, Lieutenant Colonel Mikami, Lieutenant Colonel Okumiya Masao, and Nakamura Junpei who served as Secretary of the Navy Minister at the end of the war. It is said that the lineup of the Japanese who assisted in the Korean War was as follows: Admiral Nomura Yoshisanro led the planning behind the scenes, Yamamoto Yoshio was in charge of military administration, Tomioka Sadatoshi was in charge of combat, Hoshina Zenshiro and others were in charge of military supplies production, etc.The above-mentioned people are the brains of the Maritime Garrison, and there are also Chief of Staff Hiroshi Nakazawa, Minister of Security Terai Yoshimori, and Yoshida Eizo of the Marine Force.It is said that this is how Japan established the "Japanese Navy" while assisting the United States in the Korean War.

On the other hand, Colonel Makoto Fukuchi, former adjutant to the Minister of the Navy, first participated in the work of the Demobilization Bureau, and then worked in a private company.But in 1953, at the same time as the "Navy" was being rebuilt, he became Chief of the Investigation Section of the Second Staff Department.The chief of staff is Kogoro Yamazaki, a Ministry of Transport official, but he himself grumbles that he is nothing more than a puppet.At that time, the deputy chief of staff was Colonel Hiroshi Nakazawa. Some of the old Japanese soldiers in the air force system were also sent to assist in the Korean War.Instead of participating as an organization, they were drawn through personal connections. To give an example: Someone is now one of the directors of Japan Airlines, let's call him K. K lost his military post after the war and ran a cafe or something near Higashiyama Park in Nagoya.In the winter of the 25th year of the Showa era, he received a telegram from the Jiming Society.The Jiming Club is located near the land bridge of the Meiji Jingu Gaien Chuo Line. It is a group of pilots who lost their military service after the war, centered on Fujio Tanaka (former principal of Tanaka Aviation School).Tanaka presided over the Yoyogi Cooking School, Yoyogi Weaving Academy, and Aviation Times, among others. The telegram said: "You can come quickly by plane." It turned out that Lieutenant Colonel O'Connell and Colonel Vi Costoro of the US General Headquarters went to Tanaka and entrusted him to recruit personnel.They said that this was an order from the highest authority of the General Headquarters, instructing the retraining of aircraft pilots: a monthly salary of 40,000 to 50,000 yuan, five people will be recruited first, and experienced people with more than 4,500 hours of flying time will be required. , Only select the best people, and keep it strictly confidential.So, in addition to himself, Tanaka also summoned Nakao Junli, Satake Ren, Morita Katsuichi and Sakikawa Goro.The meeting point is in front of the Shimbashi subway station.Arriving there at one o'clock in the afternoon, they were immediately picked up by a jeep and taken to the Yokosuka Naval Hospital, where they were subjected to an unusually rigorous medical examination.The acceptance letter was sent on July 3rd. Only Morita Katsuichi failed due to poor adaptability, and the other four were admitted.They were brought to Atsugi on the Fourth of July.In the car, American officers sat around them so that Japanese staff and American soldiers could not see them.Initially received serial training.I was struggling because I didn't understand the terminology.They don't understand "Contact weather".What it refers to, I later learned that it means "flying with a horizon".The U.S. military ordered them absolutely not to meet the Japanese, and they were not even allowed to go to the cafeteria.After their training, they were isolated in a separate house in Hiratsuka City.Their monthly salary is 90,000 won, and they receive bonuses of 100,000 won twice a year.From January of the 25th year of the Showa era, they were sent to carry out air transport missions, flying B-29, B-17 and other aircraft to Manila, Taiwan, Seoul and other places.This mission continued until the end of the Korean War, but they did not know what supplies they were transporting.The U.S. military also strictly forbids them to talk about what they have done. It's not just the Air Force.It can be inferred that many old army and navy soldiers were drawn to assist in such special work. For example, Japanese nationalities who participated in the Korean War were all revoked, and they were given Korean names.These staff served as important auxiliary personnel in the war, specializing in transportation, setting up camps, supplies, repairs, etc. In addition, I am afraid that some people were used as espionage personnel.Japanese and Koreans look similar, so it is very convenient to impersonate.However, it is impossible to ascertain how many Japanese participated in this kind of work.

---

Notes: