Chapter 5 5. On March 5, the withdrawal order of Beijing and the general mobilization order of Hanoi

Hanoi. A large-scale map of the northern border hangs next to the general post office, showing the latest advances by Chinese forces attacking Vietnamese territory. The train station was packed with people eager to leave the capital. Residents lined up to buy food and stock up on daily necessities. Although the bomb did not fall on Hanoi, the atmosphere is clearly more tense than it was a few years ago. On February 21, the two U.S. senators flew to Vietnam and went to Lao Cai and Lang Son to observe them respectively the next day.They saw crowds of Vietnamese refugees evacuating the two cities for miles.On the road leading from Lao Cai to the mainland, a large number of wounded Vietnamese soldiers were lying on the side of the road, waiting to be transported to the hospital.The garrison in Lang Son has all been withdrawn, leaving only some militiamen and residents who do not want to leave, and many buildings have been bombed.Lang Son is like a dead city.

Beijing. calm as ever.The official news media is limited to broadcasting some relevant diplomatic documents and editorials.The latest results of the battle are reported within the army every day. Moscow. On February 18, the Soviet government issued a statement stating that "the Soviet Union will fulfill its obligations under the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation between the Soviet Union and Vietnam." washington. The U.S. State Department issued a statement that we take no sides in the struggle between the communist countries of Asia. US Secretary of State Vance met with Chinese Ambassador Chai Zemin and asked China to withdraw its troops.

The spokesperson of the State Department said that regardless of the occasion of separation or smuggling, we demand that China withdraw its troops. A US government spokesman said: We are exhorting China, Vietnam and the Soviet Union to remain calm. President Carter, who was denied the Soviet accusation by the U.S. Department of State, expressed to Deng in advance his approval of China's attack on Vietnam. According to the CIA: 18th.Moscow's response so far on the morning of the 18th has been limited to increasing the number of reconnaissance flights along the Chinese border and increasing the number of spy ships in the South China Sea near the coast of Vietnam.

20th.There is no indication that Vietnam has moved any of its troops in Cambodia to the northern border. 24th.Two Soviet transport planes arrived at Hanoi airport this morning to unload the first batch of Soviet-made military aid. Analysts noted that the scale and speed of Soviet aid to Vietnam survived far from its emergency airlifts to Angola and Ethiopia. Xinhua News Agency summarizes the attitudes of various countries towards my self-defense counterattack (until February 22): 1. Those who condemn our country, support Vietnam, and ask me to withdraw troops and cease fire: the regimes of the Soviet Union, Cuba, Czech Republic, Bulgaria, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Mongolia, Afghanistan, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Almania, Angola and Cambodia.

2. Those who expressed regret to me and asked me to withdraw troops: Laos, India. 3. Those who oppose China and Vietnam's military actions in Vietnam and Cambodia: Canada, Sweden; and those who demand my withdrawal: New Zealand. 4. Those who demand that China withdraw its troops from Vietnam and Vietnam withdraw its troops from Cambodia: the United States, Japan, the five ASEAN countries, Australia, Romania, Yugoslavia, the United Kingdom, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Finland, and Iraq. 5. Those who regret both me and Viet Nam, expecting both Viet Nam and Cambodia to dictate their own destiny: the rest of the European Community.

6. Those calling for a negotiated settlement: Egypt, Mali, Libya, Madagascar, Bangladesh, Cyprus and other Nordic countries. 7. Non-statement of public statement: Portugal. 8. Support our country: Democratic Kampuchea. Kyodo News, Beijing, February 24th: On the afternoon of the 24th, a person from the Chinese authorities told the reporter of Kyodo News that Vietnam still needs to be taught a little "lesson".He repeatedly emphasized the principles of China's counterattack stated by Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping a few days ago, first, limited, second, not for a long time, and third, not to expand.He also said that China will not retreat as much as it did when the Sino-Indian border war ceased fire in 1962.

On the morning of February 17, 1979, 17 divisions and 225,000 Chinese troops assembled on the Sino-Vietnamese border, with 12 divisions, began to attack 11 counties in 6 provinces of Vietnam along the entire border.Among them, 6 divisions were invested in the front of Gaoping, 3 divisions in the direction of Lang Son, and 3 divisions in the front of Lao Cai. On the afternoon of February 18, the Chinese army's offensive in Lao Cai, Gaoping, Dong Dang and other places was stopped by the resistance of the Vietnamese army. On the 19th and 20th, Lang Son reinforced a division and 40 tanks, Cao Binh Zhengguan reinforced a division and 40 tanks, Lao Cai reinforced 2 regiments and 40 tanks, and launched another attack.Chinese troops occupied Laojie on the 20th and surrounded Tongdeng.Afterwards, the Chinese army stormed Tongdeng and Gaoping, occupied Tongdeng on the 24th and Gaoping on the 27th.The fighting between the two sides was most intense in Lang Son.The Chinese army occupied Lang Son on March 4 after investing eight divisions in succession.

——Shigeo Hiramatsu: "Chinese People's Liberation Army Sino-Vietnamese War" Lang Son, an important border town in the northeast of Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam, is 130 kilometers away from Hanoi. As far as the terrain is concerned, there is nothing to rely on in the meantime, and there are railways and roads leading directly to Hanoi. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Vietnam convened diplomatic missions in Hanoi on March 5, informed them of "preparation for emergencies", and suggested the following three points: 1. Prepare the air defense shelter; 2. Preparation of food, canned food, kerosene for lighting, fire prevention equipment, medicines, etc.;

3. Repatriation of the elderly, women, and children, or temporary asylum in a third country. Xinhua News Agency, Guangxi, Yunnan Frontier Frontier, March 5th: China's Guangxi and Yunnan border guards were forced to fight back in self-defense against the Vietnamese invaders. In the past 16 days, our border guards have dealt annihilating blows to the Vietnamese armed forces in the Tong Dang, Lang Son, Gaoping, Qixi, Lao Cai, and Gantang areas. On March 5, Xinhua News Agency issued a statement on the order of the Chinese government regarding the withdrawal of all our border guards into our country.

The Chinese government reiterated that we do not want a single inch of Vietnam, and we will never allow others to invade our territory.We are hereby telling the Vietnamese authorities that after the withdrawal of the Chinese border guards, no more armed provocations and intrusions will be carried out in the border areas of China.The Chinese government solemnly declares that if the above-mentioned situation occurs, we reserve the right to continue to fight back in self-defense.The Chinese government once again suggested that China and Zhao should quickly hold negotiations. Kyodo News from Beijing (Meet the reporter):

According to official sources here, the People's Liberation Army has incapacitated the Kung Gau Division of the Vietnamese regular army within 16 days. Therefore, we believe that the Vietnamese side has lost its combat effectiveness to carry out organized military provocations near the border.According to this authority source, the Chinese army believes that the Vietnamese troops that have lost combat effectiveness are the elite 3rd Division, 345th Division, and 346th Division of the People's Army, with about 27,000 troops.This person said that the equipment of the Vietnamese army was worse than we estimated, and the morale was not so high. Children and old people aged 14 and 15 were forced to join the war. According to senior officials of the Chinese authorities, during the 16-day war with Vietnam, the Chinese People's Liberation Army wiped out tens of thousands of Vietnamese soldiers and captured hundreds of people. After the Chinese army withdrew in March 1979, they returned to camp without "strictly guarding the border."At the same time, on March 5, the day when China announced its withdrawal, Vietnam issued a national general mobilization order, requiring men aged 18 to 45 and women aged 18 to 35 to join the militia guerrillas. , Militia Self-Defense Forces.The Vietnamese army ostentatiously occupied most of the riding points on the border, stationed troops and repaired fortifications, harassed and provoked in our territory, and caused troubles as before.Until "unbearable", in 1981, our army captured Faka Mountain and Koolin Mountain.Three years later, he "couldn't bear it anymore" again, and sent heavy troops to capture Laoshan, Zheyinshan, and Balihedongshan, so there was a stalemate in the Laoshan theater for more than five years.