Chapter 35 Chapter Sixteen

On March 20, 1995, two days before Master's death, Hong Kong Wen Wei Po published a full-page article entitled Huang Jiqing, a hero of China's petroleum industry.The opening paragraph of the article reads: Foreigners once judged that China was poor in oil, but in 1959, the Daqing Oilfield emerged.Then, Dagang Oilfield, Shengli Oilfield, Renqiu Oilfield, Changqing Oilfield, natural gas fields in the Sichuan Basin, etc. came out and blossomed in full bloom.On China's 9.6 million square kilometers of land, drilling platforms stand tall and black gold flows. The oil-poor theory collapses on its own.In this turnaround of the oil industry, academician Huang Jiqing, a famous Chinese geologist and 91-year-old honorary president of the Chinese Academy of Earth Shield Sciences, is a special hero. People must still remember that in 1957, Huang Jiqing showed On a zoning map of oil and gas prospects in China, he drew circles on the Songliao Plain, North China Plain, Ordos, Sichuan Basin, Jianghan Basin, Tarim Basin, etc. on the map, and concluded that oil should be found in these places.As soon as the voice fell, from the second year onwards, convenient reports spread frequently.

The author of the article said that Huang Jiqing has a pair of piercing eyes, which can see through thousands of meters underground and can distinguish stratigraphic changes over billions of years.When the assistant brought the report to him before the sick bed, the master smiled lightly and said: I am not superstitious first, not stick to it second, and rely on practice third.At the last moment of his life, Huang Jiqing brilliantly summed up his academic style throughout his life with nine words: not superstitious, not stubborn, and relying on practice.In my opinion, it is inseparable from this style of study that he has been able to make continuous progress in his long scientific career in the past 70 years and become a generation of scientific masters.

It's a crisp autumn Sunday. The wife who has been doing housework for decades, like every holiday, waits until the meals are on the table, and then goes to the study to gently wake up the husband who is buried in reading or working. Huang Jiqing is a 100% old man at home: he doesn't do housework, doesn't care about money, and doesn't care about his children.He sat at the table that day, but he didn't pick up the rice bowl and eat like in the past. He didn't move the chopsticks or the bowl, and a sentence suddenly came out of his mouth: Yes, it's time to invite him!

The wife was taken aback, yo, what kindness did the old man show today, he quickly turned around and called out the eldest son who was reviewing his homework and preparing to take the university entrance exam next year: "Haosheng, hurry up and eat, your father is waiting for you!" The eldest son Haosheng was flattered, thinking of his father But I've never cared so much about myself.He sighed and sat down at the table excitedly. "Go, call Uncle Gu Gongxu and ask him to come home!" The eldest son and his wife Bai Huan had a good time. It turned out that the old man was still thinking about his work!

In the afternoon, when Gu Gongxu came, Huang Jiqing closed the small door, and the two of them had no time to talk.Gu Gongxu is four years younger than Huang Jiqing. This Zhejiang native with a smile on his face is a pioneer of China's geophysics industry and the main founder of introducing geophysics science into China's exploration industry. In 1936, Gu Gongxu graduated from the Colorado School of Mines with a major in geophysical exploration. In the same year, he transferred to the California Institute of Technology to engage in professional research.The Anti-Japanese War broke out, and with the desire to serve the motherland, he interrupted his research in the United States and returned home resolutely.Since then, he has become a pioneer in the application and promotion of geophysical prospecting technology in my country's geological prospecting industry, and also began his lifelong friendship with the geological master Huang Jiqing.This kind of friendship has enabled the two masters to achieve outstanding achievements in the work of exploring the mysteries of earth science.

"I am a machine gunner, and you are a heavy machine gun." Huang Jiqing always likes to compare his geological science technology and Gu Gongxu's geophysical technology in this way. "It depends on the gunner to win the battle. If the gunner doesn't have a good gun, it's useless. With your heavy machine gun, it will be much easier for us to win the battle!" Gu Gongxu acquiesced to this metaphor with a smile, because they had cooperated with each other in the discovery and development of black mines such as Anshan, Baotou, and Daye Iron Mine, and non-ferrous mines such as Baiyinchang and Tongguanshan. Men, Ordos and other oil fields.

Now it is Songliao's future Daqing Oilfield. "The area and stratigraphic conditions of the Songliao Basin are much larger and more complex than the several basins we have worked in the past. The first phase of census and exploration work has been basically completed, and the next step is to determine the reference well. Relationship It’s great! So I want to hear your opinion.” Huang Jiqing said. Gu Gong stated that the so-called benchmark wells are exploration wells aimed at obtaining representative data of the entire oil field.The determination of the location of the reference well must be done with great care. Whether or not oil can be produced once the well is drilled down will not only affect the morale of the entire Songliao campaign, but also have a direct relationship with the future fate of the oil field.Another important factor is that as soon as a reference well is drilled, it costs millions of RMB, or the currency value of the 1950s!It’s okay to get oil out, but if you can’t get oil out, if one well goes down, it’s equivalent to starving tens of thousands of people for a year. Since 1957, millions of people have fled famine every year in New China to beg for food.Gu Gongxu was as clear as Huang Jiqing about all this.On the shoulders of Chinese scientists in the 1950s and 1960s, most of them shouldered two burdens: one was to make scientific achievements that catch up with the world's advanced level, and the other was to use the least amount of money to do the biggest business.Chinese scientists are more respectable than scientists from any other country in the world.However, a few years later, the catastrophe of the Cultural Revolution made them the most deplorable scientists in the world.This is off topic, pause!stop.

"It's still an old saying: nothing happens!" Gu Gongxu replied to Huang Jiqing with a smile. "Okay! You can bite out a golden doll in three bites on the big cake in Songliao. You, the smiling Buddha, have really made great contributions to the whole Chinese people!" Huang Jiqing was very happy, he knew that what Gu Gong narrated would not happen in three bites. , is to drill three reference wells to complete the feat of oil production.This kind of courage is absolutely impossible without superb science and technology: in an area of ​​tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of square kilometers, poking a few barrel-sized wells and ensuring that they will see oil is the same as finding a needle in a haystack. The difficulty is comparable, and Gu Gongxu's ability lies in this place.

But this time he added a sentence: "I heard that the Ministry of Petroleum is also launching in Songliao. If we can cooperate with them, the effect can be better, and at least it can save Chairman Mao a lot of money." "I'll do this job, and tomorrow I'll call Weng Wenbo to discuss it." Huang Jiqing was quite confident. "Then, I will go to Songliao in a few days. Zhu Dashou and Wang Maoji of the Changchun Petroleum Geophysical Exploration Team have done a great job. If they drill wells in reference wells, they must grasp two principles: first, they must drill at the thickness of sedimentary rocks. The largest area is predicted to be the area with better oil-generating conditions and the best oil and gas records; second, try to focus on the local structure, because the structure near the oil source area can play the role of being close to the water platform, and such a structure is likely to store Oil and gas collection. I think these two points should be paid attention to, and the cowhide will not be blown if nothing happens!" Gu Gong laughed to himself while talking.

"Brother, I wish you success again!" Huang Jiqing slapped Gu Gongxu's shoulder hard.Since the opening of the oil census in the Songliao Basin, Huang Jiqing has been paying attention to the direction of each strategic deployment and the specific tactics ahead all the time.Although his personal position has been constantly changing during this period, and some changes even made him feel sudden and helpless, the Songliao Basin has always been in his stomach like an unborn fetus, and he doesn't care how others come and go. Shaking him, teasing him, and even destroying him (the Anti-Rightist Movement in 1957 was an example), Huang Jiqing never gave up his high hopes for Songliao Petroleum and his whole-hearted enthusiasm.

Because it is related to PetroChina and Huang Jiqing's own destiny, it is necessary to introduce some historical background to readers: In the autumn of 1956, according to the instructions of the central government, the organization of the Ministry of Geology made major adjustments.The original regional geological bureaus were abolished and replaced by several general bureaus such as the Northeast Geological Bureau and the Southern Geological Bureau. The original General Committee was revoked and reorganized into the Petroleum Geological Bureau.Several other leaders of the General Committee, Liu Yi was promoted to the director of the General Office of the Ministry of Geology, Xie Jiarong was appointed as the second deputy director of the Institute of Geology, and after Huang Jiqing served as the first deputy director, Xie no longer cared about the oil work.Li Ben stayed in the Petroleum Bureau as the deputy director.As the chief engineer, Huang Jiqing was actually the only technical chief responsible for petroleum geological work in the country at that time.Because the Ministry of Petroleum Industry had not yet been established at that time, Huang Jiqing was also the main technical advisor of the General Administration of Petroleum Administration led by Kang Shien.During this time, Huang Jiqing experienced several major events.One is that he personally presided over and led the new China's first oil and gas prospect zoning map in China.This map has played an important role in guiding China's petroleum industry in the future, and many oil exploration designs in my country today still come from this map.The second thing is that he used his identity as the chief engineer to establish the country's first and most powerful backbone team of petroleum technology. Technical experts such as Zhu Yun and Guan Tucong were transferred to the Petroleum Bureau. Later, these people were all in Daqing and other oil fields. made an outstanding contribution to the discovery.The third thing he experienced was the anti-rightist struggle. This movement almost caused this superstar to fall, and He Changgong made a contribution here.This matter has been mentioned before, so I won't repeat it here.The political shock was not over yet. From the winter of 1957 to January 1958, Huang Jiqing was hit again, but this time it was his job choice.One day, Huang Jiqing, who was still being treated in the hospital, asked Song Ying, the deputy minister who came to visit, and said: "I am currently holding two positions (chief engineer of the Petroleum Bureau and first deputy director of the Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, the predecessor of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences). Song Ying is the director, and the deputy director is Xie Jiarong, Sun Yunzhu, several famous geologists (note by the author), director, do you think the Bureau of Petroleum Geology or the Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources is more important?" At that time, Huang Jiqing hoped that he could concentrate on the oil industry. What he said was that he hoped that the leader could help him get rid of the affairs of the deputy director of the research institute.Unexpectedly, Vice Minister Song Ying blurted out that the research institute is of course important, and he didn't ask Huang Jiqing at all: What do you think?Afterwards, Huang Jiqing regretted his quick talk very much.In this way, he put himself in a difficult position to ride a tiger.Huang Jiqing faced two choices at that time: If he wanted to continue to concentrate on oil, then he had to leave the Ministry of Geology and go to Kang Shien, or he could become the executive deputy director of the Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources.Huang Jiqing knew in his heart that in the eyes of the leaders of the Ministry of Geology, oil is only one aspect, and the function assigned to the Ministry of Geology by the central government is the geological work of various minerals in the country, so it goes without saying who is more important and who is less important.Huang Jiqing scolded himself for pretending to be smart, but in the end he missed the job instead.But later he was lying on the sickbed and thought again: Although the establishment of the oil industry must start with general survey and exploration, the most important part is systematic exploration and development.As a petroleum geology expert, in addition to geological knowledge, he should also be familiar with deep well drilling, mud selection, various logging and oil testing methods, and leading a geological and mineral research institution can quickly acquire these technologies.Thinking about it this way, Huang Jiqing calmly accepted the realistic choice.Soon, he resigned as the chief engineer of the Petroleum Geology Bureau and was approved.It didn't take a few days for Huang Jiqing to realize: the party group of the Ministry has decided to withdraw even the Petroleum Geology Bureau.what is going on?It was only later that he found out that the central government was considering the formal establishment of the Ministry of Petroleum Industry. If the Ministry of Geology had another Petroleum Bureau, it would cause dispersion and duplication of technical strength and other issues.This decision makes some sense, but it is not satisfactory.Later, the actual work of the two industry departments of the Ministry of Geology and the Ministry of Petroleum proved that as petroleum geology and petroleum exploration and development, they are intersecting and inseparable scientific and technological work in various aspects.The Ministry of Petroleum Industry wants to explore and develop oil fields. Without geological work, it is tantamount to being blind.However, the geological department needs to conduct petroleum geological survey without its own exploration and development team, and it is impossible to completely and accurately judge and find out the situation of underground petroleum.Therefore, after the start of the self-owned oil industry or the self-owned Ministry of Geology and the Ministry of Petroleum, these two departments are brothers and old enemies.The systematic science and technology of oil exploration make these two departments destined to become close brothers who cooperate in needs, but who is the hero after the success of an oil field?When it comes to who should take the top spot in the credit list, it is difficult for the Ministry of Geology and the Ministry of Petroleum not to become enemies.Constant chatting, indistinct cutting, insufficient love, inexhaustible hatred... The Ministry of Geology and the Ministry of Petroleum have been fighting side by side for decades, and they are always in this state.Whose fault is it? Nobody.Back then, He Changgong from the Ministry of Geology and Yu Qiuli from the Ministry of Petroleum were closer than brothers. They were both former subordinates of Mao Zedong.Wherever the party points, we rushed there, but our heads fell to the ground. Why did we think about fame and fortune for a while?Both He Changgong and Yu Qiuli patted their chests in front of Mao Zedong and the people of the whole country, but when they returned to their respective offices, facing a team of millions of people under them, it was difficult for them to do nothing. Consider the reputation and interests of your own department.Brothers quarreled, and the old man had to calm them down in the end.For things like the discovery of the Daqing Oilfield, Mao Zedong did not fail to see or hear about the intentional or unintentional fame and fortune disputes between the Ministry of Geology and the Ministry of Petroleum. In the end, the old man had no choice but to drag the ministers of the two ministries in some public places from time to time. Let's say that both of you have made contributions.Such words can appease for a while, but it is difficult to last.The reason is that some objective existences cannot calm the employees below.For example, they also work hard on mining or oil exploration. Some industries can build their own homes through mines and oil, live in modern cities, and build pioneers in mines and oil fields. Such a monument that future generations will admire forever.But the workers in the geological industry are not good. Once the mine or oil field is found, the treasure and the treasure land that shed blood and sweat for it no longer belong to them. Their names will not be on the pioneer monument that future generations will admire forever.If they want to move into the city here, then the city will say: pay the money first!They have no money, and they can't even pay their salaries and normal geological survey fees. How can there be huge resettlement fees for the city?So the city rejected them.So the geological staff and the geological department shouted that the society was unfair, and that the government and history should give them the reputation and treatment they deserved again!If such fame and fortune and injustice are caused by the division of labor and the times, then the following situation is incomprehensible and unbearable: the same is looking for oil and drilling wells in the barbaric Tarim desert, and the bonuses and wages of employees on one side Plus a field subsidy of 1,000 to 2,000 yuan a month, and live in a mobile hotel with full-time waiters for cleaning and folding quilts.The employees on the other side are so messed up that they can't get seven or eight hundred yuan a month, and they can only sleep and hit the bases.The only difference between the two phalanxes is that there are employees from the Ministry of Petroleum on one side and employees from the Ministry of Geology on the other.Under such circumstances, it is no wonder that the employees of the Ministry of Geology don't scold their ministers, and the ministers don't complain to their superiors!It's okay if the problem can be solved quickly and well, but such a problem is almost never completely solved.The difference in remuneration between the oil search workers of the Ministry of Geology and the oil search workers of the Ministry of Petroleum is still the same today.Society always sympathizes with the weak, because the author is also a member of the weak.I have no intention of making irresponsible remarks to the big brothers of the Ministry of Petroleum. They have dug one after another oil wells that support the industrial buildings of the Republic and the prosperous people's lives. They have the right to receive corresponding reports and treatment. Not everyone is willing to go even if they are paid seven or eight thousand yuan a month to fight in the desert, where there is no human habitation, no greenery, and no rhythm.The question is, why can't another group of oil hunters who are working hard and sweating in the sun not get the same material and spiritual treatment, which is not high at all?I think: As long as this inequality exists, fierce competition for fame and fortune may arise.To eliminate this injustice, the final point should be to reform and improve the scientific division of labor and coordination between the government and industry departments, and to perform major surgery from the system.Otherwise, such conflicts will never be resolved. Well, let these questions be left to political managers who specialize in industrial division of labor and institutional reform! Huang Jiqing quickly found Mr. Weng Wenbo from the Ministry of Petroleum.What is the relationship between these two people?In today's buzzwords, it's called iron, an absolute iron buddy.Weng Wenbo made a name for himself in forecasting in his later years. In fact, before that, he had been an authoritative figure in the field of geophysics in China, and he was a master of petroleum geophysical prospecting just like Gu Gongxu.The friendship between Weng Wenbo and Huang Jiqing can be reversed to Weng Wenbo's cousin Weng Wenhao.The Weng family in Ningbo, Zhejiang produced two outstanding geological scientists in the 20th century.Weng Wenbo is 23 years younger than his cousin, but they are very close. In 1991, I asked Master Weng Wenbo face to face. He said that he was raised by Weng Wenhao's mother since he was a child. Later, he engaged in geophysical research and was also influenced by his cousin who was a leader in China's geology at that time. In 1936, Weng Wenbo graduated from the Department of Physics of Tsinghua University. When faced with what to learn and what to do next, Huang Jiqing, who was the acting director of the Central Geological Survey, once suggested to Weng Wenhao: China’s geological undertakings should catch up with ore prospecting. Weng Wenhao nodded after hearing this, and said: I have a cousin who studies physics, and I will give him an idea to send him abroad to study earth science. Physics major!Later, Weng Wenbo really took the examination of the geophysical prospecting major at Imperial College London, UK, and has since embarked on the career of geophysical prospecting to serve the motherland.The reason why Huang Jiqing has always attached great importance to this brother is that the two have had a close and fruitful cooperation in the discovery and development of Yumen Oilfield. At that time, Weng Wenbo was the chief engineer of the newly established Exploration Department of the Ministry of Petroleum Industry, and he was actually the main leader of the geological work of the Ministry of Petroleum. The two masters Huang and Weng originally came from a family and were both Weng Wenhao's disciples. In addition, Huang Jiqing has been serving as a technical consultant for the Ministry of Petroleum.Now, the oil exploration in the Songliao Basin is at a crucial point. When Weng Wenbo heard this, he assured Huang Jiqing: I will report to Minister Yu and Comrade Kang Shien immediately, and let our Songliao Petroleum Exploration Bureau contact your Changchun Geophysical Exploration Team as soon as possible. Get in touch and jointly study and determine the layout of the reference well location holes. Although the cause of fame and fortune disputes between the Ministry of Geology and the Ministry of Petroleum in some specific achievements began in Daqing Oilfield, the cooperation and cooperation between the two ministries in the exploration and development of Daqing Oilfield can be regarded as a model.