Chapter 13 Chapter 12 It's spring after the unprecedented...

In the spring of 1982, the sun was shining everywhere in China, and spring was full of vigor.Under the banner of bringing order out of chaos, emancipating the mind, and reform and opening up, all walks of life present a gratifying scene.The oil industry front is no exception.After the decline in oil production in 1980, the large-scale contracting measures of "contracting 100 million tons" enabled the whole system to recover the annual crude oil production that affected China's modernization process to more than 100 million tons by the end of 1981.What is even more encouraging is that the offshore oil exploration situation of foreign cooperation has exceeded the expected progress and benefits.

On February 15th of this year, at the entrance of a small three-story building at No. 31 Chang'an Street, Beijing, China's No. 1 Street, a sign with black characters on a white background suddenly appeared, saying "China National Offshore Oil Corporation" ". There is no unveiling ceremony with firecrackers and gongs and drums, and there is no ribbon-cutting ceremony attended by leaders from all walks of life and people from all walks of life.However, a vice-ministerial unit under the Central People's Government was quietly born in this way.On the same day, Xinhua News Agency made a report to the world in the form of a bulletin. Some foreign media commented that this was an "important strategic move" for China's opening up to the outside world.Western media such as Reuters believe that "China National Offshore Oil Corporation" is like China's first giant ship facing the world after opening its doors to the world, and its significance is immeasurable.

The captain of this "giant ship" is Qin Wencai.At the same time, he was appointed by the central government as the first general manager of China National Offshore Oil Corporation.His deputies are: Zhao Zongnai (later vice minister of the Central Organization Department), Liu Dongming, You Dehua, Zhong Yiming, and Zhao Shengzhen.In the following year, four highly respected petroleum experts, Zou Ming, Zhang Ying, Shi Jiuguang, and Shu Zhiqing, became consultants.From the deputy minister of the Ministry of Petroleum Industry to the general manager of CNOOC, Qin Wencai didn't even know whether he was promoted or demoted, but it was a dream of this veteran soldier for many years to start the giant ship of CNOOC.Especially in the process of cooperation with foreign companies in the past few years of reform and opening up, Qin Wencai has been dreaming of this dream. He is always looking forward to the construction of the giant ship of China's own offshore oil company and sailing...

Now that I finally saw the giant ship, I also boarded the giant ship and held the rudder. When the board was listed, Qin Wencai stood there alone and stared at it for a long time. There were nine characters written vertically in that line: China-Country-Sea-Ocean-Stone - oil - general - company - company. "Nine" is very auspicious. Viewed vertically, these nine characters are like a sail, a sail that is blowing with the wind; viewed horizontally, these nine characters are like a long Chinese oil tanker full of crude oil that has set sail; Close your eyebrows and look at these nine characters, it seems like drilling platforms standing on the sea level to explore the underwater world; if you close your eyes and imagine these nine characters, then it must have been created by the hard work of China Petroleum people. One big oil field after another was explored... Ah, this is the world that Qin Wencai has dreamed of for many years, the colorful world that fascinates and excites him!

Compared with the office conditions of the old Ministry of Industry, the "CNOOC" head office at that time was like a pitiful leather bag company. "Dozens of people, some broken chairs and old tables from the Ministry of Petroleum are all our belongings. But all of our soldiers are strong and strong, one of them is worth three!" Qin Wencai has proudly told Chinese and foreign reporters more than once. "The process of China's opening up to the outside world is hard-won, and the process of CNOOC's foreign cooperation is even more hard-won. Now we finally have our own flagship. How will the voyage of this flagship go? How will it go? There are many things to tell, but I The most important two sentences..." Kang Shien said to Qin Wencai earnestly after the formation of the first leadership team of China National Offshore Oil Corporation: First, things must be done in accordance with the law. There are laws to follow, rules to follow, and efficient work; second, the cadre team and the majority of oil workers must carry forward and advocate the lotus spirit of "leaving the sludge without pollution" in foreign cooperation.

"Lotus spirit" is the guideline set by Comrade Kang Shi'en for our offshore oil team who is at the forefront of China's opening up to the outside world.For decades, we have followed this construction policy, so our team has never lost its way in the wind and waves.Thirty years have passed, and the helm of "CNOOC", from Zhong Yiming, Wang Yan, Wei Liucheng, to the current Fu Chengyu, they have followed the route of the first "old captain", braved the wind and waves, and advanced relay, never deviated from the direction.This is what Qin Wencai feels most gratified about.

It is impossible for those who have never sailed a boat to appreciate the comfort and heartbeat of riding the wind and waves.People who have not stepped on the platform in the sea and let the drill pipes whirl in the seabed at a depth of one thousand meters will not be able to feel the boiling and excitement of breaking new ground. Both Qin Wencai and PetroChina people have gone through the whole process of moving from a closed society to a new world of all-round openness and cooperation.During this process, there is curiosity, labor pain, joy, tears, and even anger and irritability, loneliness and loneliness, and this is a necessary process to break an old system, old thinking and concepts, and old codes of conduct.

This is another unprecedented breakthrough for the people of PetroChina.For the first time, they found the Daqing Oilfield on the Songliao Plain, thus ending the "era of reliance and use of foreign oil" by the Chinese people.Qin Wencai and the others made an unprecedented move this time, using money from foreigners to serve our people and strengthen our country.What an unprecedented pride and pomp!It shows the national self-esteem and sovereign power of the Chinese people. The wilderness is originally frozen, empty, cold, cruel, and even synonymous with death. But a group of pioneers such as Qin Wencai raised sharp weapons, and the hands that raised the sharp weapons were full of blood and courage.Under the power of courage and blood, the unprecedented sharp weapon casts all frozen, empty, cold, cruel and even dead worlds into sunny, spring-like, fruitful, fragrant and vibrant living world...

Oh, this is unprecedented tragic and heroic spirit!It makes the frozen world boil; it makes the empty world rich and colorful; it makes the cold world warm and sunny; it makes the cruel world passionate and gentle; it makes the dead world highlight life with vitality. Since ancient times, those who have broken the ground are all heroes and geniuses. More than 200 years ago, the other side of the ocean was a mess. It was a "Declaration of Independence" created by prophets such as Washington and Jackson, which ended the division of the United States of America and established a political system that can dominate the world and benefit the future.

Perhaps too many trials and setbacks have made Qin Wencai and other leading figures of CNOOC know one thing: China’s opening up is an important step in building socialism with Chinese characteristics, and a complete legal system is the basic guarantee for China to go global .This is also one of Comrade Kang Shien's entrustment. Interested journalists will notice one thing: on the second day after China National Offshore Oil Corporation was quietly listed, two major newspapers, China Daily and Economic Daily, published the first report of China National Offshore Oil Corporation in English and Chinese respectively. The announcement of the round of international bidding and the No. 1 and No. 2 notices.A deputy-ministerial-level unit is listed on the first day, and enters the international bidding publicity the next day. This kind of efficiency and work style is probably unprecedented in the history of the People's Republic of China.The crux of the matter is that such an international bidding, in the closed Chinese society that has always insisted on independence and self-reliance for decades, its action itself and the content of the bidding have sent an extraordinary message to the world outside of China. The information, that is: China's modernization process has begun to enter the track of global economic operation, and its behavior shows a kind of maturity and rationality.

In order to realize this "mature and rational" process, Qin Wencai and his colleagues really worked hard and put in all their efforts. As early as 1978, CNOOC's foreign cooperation had just started. Under the leadership of Kang Shien, Zhang Wenbin and Tang Ke, Qin Wencai organized You Dehua, Tang Changxu and other experts to start drafting the "CNOOC Foreign Cooperation Regulations".You Dehua and several experts still clearly remember that they spent more than 1,000 long and short days and nights in the South Teaching Building of the former Beijing Petroleum Institute, with their revolutionary enthusiasm and pursuit and longing for a new career. At night, through the summary analysis and sorting out of the collected petroleum regulations and documents of more than 40 countries and more than 120 samples of petroleum contracts, finally formed its own "Regulations" with Chinese characteristics.Qin Wencai joked that this is "the legend of turning an egg's belongings into the little goldfish in Pushkin's fairy tale poems". China's "Regulations" are aimed at cooperation with foreign companies, so the "Regulations" need to listen to the opinions of foreign companies and experts.On the issue of interest relationship and sovereignty, foreigners insist that if there is a legal dispute over the interests of the two parties, it must be arbitrated through an internationally recognized legal institution.This sounds like it fits the rules of the game that "when two brothers fight, I must ask Lao Tzu or an outsider to be the referee". "No, we are a resource country. What happens in China, whether it is Chinese or foreign, or both sides, must follow the only law, which is the law of the People's Republic of China. China's offshore foreign oil Cooperating with the "Regulations" must reflect China's sovereignty, and we will not set up a "special zone" on this issue." Qin Wencai's principled opinion was firmly supported by Kang Shien. "On this issue, we must not back down!" Kang Shien said firmly. There is also a keyword in the "Regulations", called "equal priority", that is, in the foreign cooperation work of CNOOC, the engineering design, engineering construction, equipment and material procurement, base service and other fields of the project are given priority under the same conditions. Select Chinese enterprises and suppliers.This is another protection of national interests. Qin Wencai withstood the pressure of many foreign companies and powerful people without giving in.Together with the famous "Qin Five Rules" (the five obligations foreign investors should fulfill when launching engineering projects in China) that he later personally formulated in the offshore oil system, they are all proud of safeguarding the dignity of national sovereignty and vigorously promoting the pace of opening up to the outside world. do.So far, CNOOC's foreign cooperation has entered the stage of rule of law and is in line with international standards. On March 5, 1982, Qin Wencai followed Kang Shien to the solemn Great Hall of the People. "Wencai, it's not the first time for you to enter this hall. Are you so nervous?" Kang Shien saw that Qin Wencai, his old subordinate and new boss of "CNOOC", seemed a little cautious today, so he turned his head and made a joke. Qin Wencai blushed a bit, and said frankly: "This time is different. I directly reported our "Regulations" to the chairmen of the National People's Congress. It is related to the entire business of our offshore oil company. I feel that the responsibility on my shoulders is heavy. !" "Yes, the responsibility is heavy." Kang Shien, who is nearly seventy years old, couldn't help sighing after hearing this.Afterwards, the two walked into the National People's Congress Hall together... "Now I invite Comrade Qin Wencai to introduce and explain the Regulations on China National Offshore Oil Corporation's Foreign Cooperation." These are the words of Chairman Peng Zhen. Amid the applause, Qin Wencai walked to the speaking seat and began to address the highest authority of the People's Republic of China. "It can only be successful!" Qin Wencai kept encouraging herself like this in her heart. "Now, entrusted by the Ministry of Petroleum and China National Offshore Oil Corporation, I will explain the "Regulations" to the chairman of the committee as follows..." Qin Wencai talked about my country's vast sea area, rich oil resources, the current situation and development of the national offshore oil industry. The high-risk, high-investment, and high-tech characteristics of offshore oil, as well as the prevailing international practices in the exploration and development of offshore oil in the world, pointed out: "In order to smoothly promote my country's offshore oil cooperation with foreign countries, we must carry out petroleum legislation." "The "Regulations" not only safeguarded my country's sovereignty and economic interests, but also provided legal protection for the legitimate interests of foreign investors, thus ensuring that foreign cooperation can be smoothly promoted on the basis of equality and mutual benefit. The adoption and implementation of the "Regulations" It will definitely speed up the development of China's offshore oil industry..." Qin Wencai's last words aroused warm applause from the audience.When he left the speaking seat, he was a little elated, because he saw Chairman Peng Zhen applauding the most powerfully and smiling at him. The results of the discussions at the meeting of the chairpersons of the National People's Congress and the subsequent meeting of the Standing Committee fully achieved the desired effect of Qin Wencai and Kang Shien.Not long ago, the "Regulations on CNOOC's Foreign Cooperation" approved by China's highest state authority was officially announced in the name of the State Council. At that moment, Qin Wencai and the PetroChina staff were all elated and rushed to tell each other. "There is a way! We can finally let go and do it boldly!" "OK, China also has a petroleum law, and we can do it with confidence!" The bosses of foreign oil companies also cheered and rushed to tell each other. The wind is calm, the waves are calm, the sun is warm, the sky is blue, and the clouds are white... The Chinese ocean landscape that oil people look forward to has already appeared in the South China Sea, the East China Sea, and the Bohai Bay. The British BP company is here, the American Arco company is here, and the Japanese oil company is also here... Modern drilling platforms, offshore oil cities, and blue torches that burst out from the depths of the seabed The formed China Sea is boiling!It constitutes the most beautiful landscape of China's modernized industry opening up in the early 1980s, deeply attracting the attention of the whole world... This gorgeous landscape is still one of the most exciting chapters on the industrial front of socialism with Chinese characteristics. However, Qin Wencai feels that there is still a lot to do in order to make China's offshore oil development better adapt to international standards, especially in a country like China that has long been operating under the planning system, certain rigid and inefficient The system was still advocated as an "advanced" thing at that time. "From the beginning of our establishment, our CNOOC Corporation has paid special attention to adopting an oil company system that can be in line with international standards. Simply put, it is to build it into a highly efficient company system rather than a hat-wearing company with too many people. In the past When we engage in oilfields on land, due to the special age and the usual human sea tactics, often when an oilfield is completed, the oilfield becomes a city with tens of thousands, even hundreds of thousands, or hundreds of thousands of people. This kind of The system and mechanism of oilfields combined with social functions have greatly reduced oil production and oilfield benefits. If an oilfield with good prospects can still deal with it, if the oil production of the oilfield continues to decline in the future, the problems will be very serious. CNOOC When the head office was established, we resolutely followed the instructions of the Party Central Committee and the Ministry of Petroleum, and tried to create a new path in terms of system and mechanism. Therefore, we determined from the very beginning that we would never copy the domestic wrangling mechanism to adapt to Sino-foreign cooperative development. For example, we did not engage in the so-called "big and comprehensive" so-called "big and comprehensive" so-called headquarters of any level and size, but established the company strictly according to the company's model. In a word, from top to bottom, we must Lean and efficient. Practice has proved that this principle is correct. At the beginning of the establishment of CNOOC, there were less than 20,000 people. Now nearly 30 years have passed, and the team is still less than 20,000. If we follow our traditional system in the past, today’s CNOOC does not have hundreds of thousands of people! With the burden of hundreds of thousands of people, no matter how good the efficiency is, it will be dragged into a mess sooner or later!” Qin Wencai also introduced another principle he insisted on to the author: “We used to be used to the party committee The factory manager responsibility system under the leadership. When CNOOC was established, I insisted on the manager responsibility system despite political risks and various pressures. This is not a problem today, but in the early days of reform and opening up, let alone such a Even such a formulation may cause a lot of trouble. Fortunately, under the correct leadership of the Central Committee and the Party Group of the Ministry of Petroleum, we have adhered to this principle. Therefore, CNOOC’s general manager responsibility system can be said to be the best in the country. One of the earliest units in the industry. Twenty or thirty years ago, it was a fierce struggle to remove and abolish so many official titles with "long" at once. But we have made it through, and it has gone relatively smoothly... " History has always held special respect for those founding fathers.Similarly, the reason why people especially respect the exploits of the pioneers lies in this.At the beginning of China's reform and opening up, every step forward and every step up was full of ups and downs and contradictions and struggles. All successful people stood up through such ups and downs and struggles.Qin Wencai is one of the brave and successful pioneers. There are a large number of brave and successful reformers and explorers beside him and behind him. Only in exchange for today's brilliant results of reform and opening up. "From 1978 to engage in offshore oil foreign cooperation work, and later served as the general manager of CNOOC, until 1987 to retreat to the second line, in the past ten years, China's offshore oil has grown from scratch, from weak to strong, not only discovered A group of very promising offshore oil fields have paid huge profits and taxes for the country, and more importantly, they have cultivated a professional team familiar with offshore oil exploration and development and international cooperation. This is our invaluable treasure and also China’s invaluable treasure.” Qin Wencai I am most proud of this.When talking about his work, he listed a number in a very simple way: "When CNOOC was first established, the state only gave 120 million yuan, and we borrowed 80 million from the bank. When I left office, in addition to paying taxes and In addition to repaying the money, the company has deposited more than 300 million US dollars in revenue..." "The current CNOOC is even more remarkable. In 2007, the annual sales revenue was 159.3 billion yuan, the annual profit was 56.5 billion yuan, and the national tax and special income fees were 37.4 billion yuan. By the end of 2007, the total assets of CNOOC had reached 306.2 billion yuan. RMB 167 billion in net assets. The oil and gas equivalent obtained by the company throughout the year was 40.46 million tons, becoming one of the three large state-owned enterprises supporting China's oil and gas energy. In less than 30 years, the opening up and development of our oil industry Foreign cooperation has achieved such great development and progress. As one of the parties involved, whenever I recall the initial scene of China’s opening up to the outside world, it is like a dream, but it is a good dream, a sweet dream. If I must say it, it is : Under the direct leadership and command of the Party Central Committee and Deng Xiaoping, relying on the strong support of various departments and fronts, we have carried forward the ingenuity and wisdom of PetroChina people, and made dreams that were unimaginable at first come true!" Qin Wencai said When he said this, his face was filled with infinite light. On the 80th birthday three years ago, when someone asked Qin Wencai to summarize his life's "successful experience", he summarized four sentences for himself: To be a man should be based on virtue, to do things should be based on integrity, and knowledge comes from hard work , ability comes from practice. China's opening up to the outside world and its offshore oil business have come this year. In a sense, isn't it following such a "philosophy of life", or in other words, following such a "road of national philosophy"? Oh, thirty years—in the long river of history, it can only be counted as a flick of a finger.But for a person's life, thirty years is not too short. A government minister in the prime of his 50s at that time is now a faltering old man thirty years later; I, who was a young man, became an old man over half a century old. In the past 30 years, the changes in China are like the changes in Beijing. If you don't go out for a few days or months, you may lose your way and don't know your way. Thirty years ago, in order to find accommodation for foreign friends who came to discuss cooperation, Qin Wencai drove a jeep all over Beijing!find it!In the end, it was found that apart from the Beijing Hotel, they could only go to the abandoned courtyards in the Old Summer Palace and the Summer Palace as accommodation for foreign guests and as a venue for negotiations between the two countries; thirty years later, the officials of the Beijing Olympic Organizing Committee announced to the world: Beijing Four There are hundreds of hotels above the star level, which can receive more than 20,000 foreign guests who come to participate in and watch the Olympic Games at once. Thirty years ago, China needed foreign oil companies to help us find oil due to its own capabilities, backwardness in technology, and shortage of funds.Thirty years later, PetroChina's "overseas corps" have spread all over the world. They have played a strong role in the international oil field in the Middle East, South America, Central Asia, Africa and other places, with an annual production of more than 70 million oil and gas equivalents. tons, made a special contribution to alleviating my country's domestic energy shortage, and also earned a large amount of foreign exchange for the country. Thirty years ago, Qin Wencai and his CNOOC team could only work in a few dusty three-story buildings.Thirty years later, the new building of "CNOOC" towering high into the sky, standing diagonally opposite the East Second Ring Road of Beijing and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is majestic and looks like a giant ship traveling at high speed. The motherland is busy and dedicated...