Chapter 10 Chapter 9 Shock Waves of the "Bohai No. 2" Accident

People in their 40s and 50s now know that the "Bohai No. 2" shipwreck occurred in China's oceans, because the impact of this accident was too great, and the big reason was not only that there were 72 oil workers. Difficulty was encountered; it was said that its impact was "too great" because the "Bohai No. 2" incident came at an untimely time.This accident happened on November 25, 1979. It was the beginning of China's reform and opening up, especially the most important and lively moment of CNOOC's foreign cooperation, so the shock wave it produced far exceeded the accident itself.

But no matter what reason is used to cover it up, the sinking of "Bohai No. 2" was an extremely serious accident in the final analysis. 72 oil workers lost their lives in an instant. ACCIDENT.Second, "Bohai No. 2" is an advanced equipment imported from abroad with a huge amount of foreign exchange when China's economic situation was very bad. It was overturned by a typhoon and sank in the sea. Distressed.Third, the "Bohai No. 2" incident occurred just as China National Offshore Oil Corporation was inviting international bids and was preparing for large-scale international development. Therefore, it became a serious problem facing the people of China Petroleum, and even the entire Chinese people. The problem.Is it good to open up to the outside world and introduce advanced equipment, or not?Because the "conclusion" made by the State Council on the "Bohai No. 2" incident at that time was that some leaders of the Ministry of Petroleum did not act according to objective laws, did not respect science, did not pay attention to safe production, and did not pay attention to employees' opinions and historical lessons.After the accident, there was another saying among people from all walks of life: Will the Chinese use such advanced equipment in the world?Since you are not sure of using it well, don't waste the country's limited foreign exchange and people's hard-earned money!

The impact of "Bohai No. 2" on the Ministry of Petroleum and the Chinese Petroleum people at that time was so great that it was almost devastating.The first to bear the brunt was Song Zhenming, Minister of Petroleum, who had only been in office for less than two years, was dismissed from his post, followed by Vice Premier Kang Shien, who was in charge of petroleum work and the main organizer and leader of China's petroleum industry, was punished with serious demerits.Such a disciplinary decision is unprecedented in the history of the Republic, especially for the front of the oil industry, which has always been flying red flags and has made outstanding military achievements. At this moment, the millions of oil workers could not lift their heads up in front of the people of the whole country, and the humiliation they suffered is self-evident.Since the 1950s, Chinese oil workers have been a symbol of China's socialist construction and achievements. There has never been a day or an era when they have not been proud. Where will it be fragrant.On the oil front, there are heroes like the Iron Man Wang Jinxi, and senior officials like Yu Qiuli and Kang Shien. It is said that since the 1960s, there have been dozens of provincial, municipal and central ministries who have left the oil front. This is not the case in other departments. It is an impossible record, so the influence of oil people in all walks of life in China has been envied and envied for many years.

Now, after the "Bohai No. 2" accident, there seems to be a major collapse among the oil people who have been popular for decades-while before that, the Chinese oil people have always been "united as one" for decades.But now the situation is completely different.Even Yu Qiuli, who has always been able to command thousands of oil troops without making a fuss, is rarely listened to at the moment, and he himself is often made irresponsible remarks in newspapers and periodicals... Needless to say, the power level used the "Bohai No. 2" incident to squeeze the oil people. In fact, this kind of struggle is very cruel and ruthless.What is even more frightening is that the cracks within the oil front are both heartbreaking and helpless.Yu Qiuli and Kang Shien both sighed to Tianchang for this before their lives.

Ma Jixiang, the "direct responsible person" of "Bohai No. 2".This old comrade-in-arms of Zhang Wenbin and Qin Wencai, the former deputy director of the political department of the "Petroleum Division", has moved to oil fields such as Yumen, Xinjiang Karamay, Shengli, Jianghan, Jilin and North China. A veteran oilman who made great contributions, he became the director of the Offshore Petroleum Exploration Bureau of the Ministry of Petroleum at the end of October 1978.Since the Offshore Petroleum Exploration Bureau was in Tanggu, Tianjin at that time, his party secretary was appointed by the Tianjin Municipal Party Committee. At that time, the subordinate units of the Ministry of Petroleum were under dual leadership, and the business was directly managed by the Ministry of Petroleum. The personnel and party committees were under the leadership of the local party committees. . The "Bohai No. 2" incident has been raging for more than half a year, and the final specific "person responsible" fell on Ma Jixiang, who was sentenced to several years in prison.The sentencing of such an "Old Eighth Road" and "Old Petroleum" who had made outstanding contributions in the War of Resistance Against Japan, the War of Liberation, and the construction of China Petroleum has seriously hurt the feelings of all oil people, and even Cruel.At that time, the million oil people did not understand that the ultimate fate of such a loyal old comrade-in-arms would be to enter the prison set up by the Communist Party... Ma Jixiang, who worked hard, returned to work in the oil system for a period of time after serving his sentence. He went through the retirement procedures and died on January 25, 1996 at the age of 75.

The second person who was severely punished for the "Bohai No. 2" was Song Zhenming, the Minister of Petroleum. He was the one who suffered the most serious psychological blow because of this accident.Song Zhenming was appointed as the Minister of Petroleum by the National People's Congress in 1978. He was 52 years old at the time. In August 1980, he resigned due to the "Bohai No. 2" incident. He served as Minister for less than two years.When Song Zhenming was 12 years old, he was the "Little Eighth Route" of the Anti-Japanese War. He followed the army from north to south. In 1952, as the acting political commissar of the 13th Regiment of the 57th Division of the People's Liberation Army, Song Zhenming took off his military uniform with all the officers and soldiers of the 57th Division and became an oil man in New China.He is tall, majestic, and extremely capable of motivating. He was an outstanding commander in the Daqing Battle, and he always stood on the front line of the most difficult battle.Song Zhenming, the only member of the petroleum division who became the Minister of Petroleum of the Republic from the grassroots cadres, he became the Minister of Petroleum at the age of 52. He is the second generation leader of Deng Xiaoping. It is a symbol of a person who has taken an important leadership position in the party and the country, and it is also the pride of countless new PetroChina people who fought and grew up with him. Song Zhenming, who became the first deputy minister of the Ministry of Petroleum at the age of 49 and the minister of the Ministry of Petroleum at the age of 52, had good luck in his previous oil career, and was highly valued and favored by "Yu and Kang".However, perhaps the history of the past was too smooth. Less than two years after he became the Minister of Petroleum, the "Bohai No. When the leader and a group of bureau cadres came back from the "Ten Thousand Miles in the Northwest", something happened to the "Bohai No. 2", and 72 lives were put on the young oil minister. On August 29, 1980, Song Zhenming resigned. For the next 10 years, he was unhappy and sick from overwork. He died on June 13, 1990 at the age of 64.Before Song Zhenming died, he insisted on returning to Daqing, where his dreams haunted him. "Born as a Daqing person, dies as the soul of Daqing. Why do you need to erect an inscription when your ashes are buried in Daqing?" At the last moment of his life, Song Zhenming asked his comrades in arms and workers to support the Daqing battlefield where he fought bloody battles with everyone. Revisited one by one, and wrote the famous long narrative poem "Ten Thousand People's Square Testimony" on the sickbed——

After Song Zhenming passed away, thousands of people in Daqing saw him off.Beijing Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery held a burial ceremony for his ashes.Jiang Zemin, Li Peng, Li Xiannian, Yao Yilin, Song Ping, Li Ruihuan and other central leaders sent wreaths.And most of his ashes were placed in the seven famous commemorative sites of Daqing according to Song Zhenming's last wish, "so that my soul will always be with Daqing"... But I know that the farewell to the remains held in Daqing At the scene, someone threw out the wreath sent by Yu Qiuli—they resented that Yu Qiuli, who was at the top of the central government, did not speak up for Song Zhenming.This matter spread to the ears of Yu Qiuli in Beijing, and the veteran oil minister and one-armed general sighed to Tianchang with tears in his eyes: "Song Zhenming was single-handedly picked up by me, how could I not speak for him? But..." Behind a "but", there are so many grievances that this old oilman, a member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and secretary of the Central Secretariat, cannot express in his heart.And this grievance that has been suppressed in the heart of the one-armed general for many years has not been released after many years. On the evening of October 31, 1994, Yu Qiuli, who had made outstanding contributions to the new China's oil industry, suddenly fell to the ground and never stood up again... He lay on the bed of No. 301 Hospital for nearly five years. A complete "vegetative".According to his secretary, during these five years, only when his relatives played in his ear the recording of Premier Zhou Enlai declaring in 1964 that "the period when the Chinese people used foreign oil are gone forever", the old oil minister Hui's face gradually turned red and red... It seemed that he had some kind of consciousness. On February 3, 1999, Yu Qiuli's heart stopped beating completely, and he was 85 years old.

These are things for later. However, Kang Shi'en may be the one who really suffered the greatest blow and pressure from the "Bohai No. 2" accident.Because Kang Shien is the founder and main organization leader of the new China's petroleum industry. Since he became the director of the Northwest Petroleum Exploration and Geology Bureau of the Ministry of Fuel Industry, Kang Shien has never left the petroleum work in his life, and has always been in the position of decision-making and organizational command. top level. When the "Bohai No. 2" accident happened, although Kang Shien was no longer the Minister of Petroleum, he was the Vice Premier of the State Council in charge of the Ministry of Petroleum, and all major decisions of the Ministry of Petroleum should be related to him.At a time when the country is in the midst of booming industries and the oil industry is at the most tense and critical moment of opening up to the outside world, "Bohai No. 2" hit the head of the oil man like a blow. Of course, Kang Shi'en can be said to be the hardest hit.He was punished with a serious demerit, which also set a precedent for a deputy prime minister of the country.What made the oil people extremely anxious at that time was that it was at a critical moment of what to do next in the strategic step of opening up the oil industry.The big tree of Kang Shien fell, and the one million Chinese oil army became stragglers?

Petroleum people are in a hurry!He was so anxious that he even cursed at others: Damn, no one has ever done a well in the ocean!Can you guarantee that nothing will happen?Besides, there is a strong wind at sea, can we withstand it?I have been working in oil all my life, bleeding and sweating, but now it is good, if something happens, I will be nothing!Grandma, exploring for oil is really not a human job!No, we are the ones who kill people, and we are the ones who are scolded to death. There is no justice in this world! There are also people in the oil system who have been wronged by specific matters in the past, or who think they have suffered losses in promotion, housing allocation, and salary.

At the meeting of the leading cadres of the factories and mines of the Ministry of Petroleum, Yu Qiuli, the old minister, appeared.He glanced at the meeting place of leading cadres of factories and mines, which had always been full of enthusiasm and the atmosphere was extremely warm, but now it has become lifeless. He changed his usual eloquent and impassioned style, and said with a sad expression and a dignified tone: "Comrades, this time the 'Bohai The No. 2 accident caused the sacrifice of so many comrades. I feel very sad. As a member of the State Council, as the former leader of the Ministry of Petroleum, I am also responsible..." Yu Qiuli said in a very tone Low, the atmosphere at the venue was even more dull.

Suddenly, on the rostrum, there was a roar: "But, we can't affect the country's oil industry because of this! It affects the glorious tradition and revolutionary spirit of our 'oil people'!" The cadres in the audience were familiar with the old minister. Shocked and vibrated again with a loud voice. "I hope everyone cheers up. We must stand the test! I also believe that our people in the Ministry of Petroleum can stand the test!" Yu Qiuli changed the subject and said, "Now I have four hopes: first, we must treat criticism correctly ; secondly, we must be brave enough to face up to criticism, and we must never defend our shortcomings, let alone cover up our mistakes; thirdly, we must fully promote democracy, open up our voices, and humbly solicit and listen to various criticisms and suggestions, and we must never be untouchable; fourthly, we must arouse the revolutionary spirit, Work hard, work hard, and the entire oil industry will pick up from where it fell!" "Do you have confidence?" Yu Qiuli stopped talking and stared at the familiar and unfamiliar faces in the audience. "Yes..." The echoes from the audience were sporadic and weak. "Do you have confidence?" The old minister's eyes sparkled, and his voice doubled. "Yes!" The voices from the audience were still low and uneven. "Do you have confidence?" On the stage, the one-armed general revealed his true colors—the right arm that made thousands of troops feel powerful and glorious in Daqing was waving and roaring in the air again! "Yes—!" There was an earth-shattering echo in the venue. Yu Qiuli's face softened a lot, and he muttered, "It's not too bad." However, the "Bohai No. 2" accident dealt too heavy a blow to oil people, and Yu Qiuli's agitation could not completely reverse it.The most terrible thing is that at this moment, another oil commander-Kang Shien had a big accident: in the autumn of 1980, just as Qin Wencai and others started round after round of negotiations on bidding issues with several foreign companies, they were waiting for Kang Shien who finally made up his mind When comrades made decisions, the vice premier, who had worked hard for the new China's oil industry for decades, suddenly felt discomfort and pain in his bladder. Under the urging of his secretary and his family many times, Kang Shien came to the 301 Hospital for an examination, and the results surprised everyone. Shock: Kang Shien suffered from bladder cancer. Hearing this news, Kang Shien, who was already very thin and had been under various pressures in recent months, although his face was calm, the pain in his heart could be seen in the eyes of people close to him—he lay down ... with exhaustion and pain, and countless unspeakable worries and helplessness. The opening up of the oil industry has just started, and the production situation of various oil fields has also begun to decline in the past two years. There are many things that need to be dealt with urgently! The 65-year-old Kang Shien seemed to feel powerless for the first time, but he was unwilling. However, the doctor in the hospital ordered him to "lie down"—how could he lie down! The impact of the "Bohai No. 2" accident is straightforward: in 1978 and 1979, China's self-produced crude oil reached 100 million tons, reaching 1.06 billion tons. 100 million tons, which was an iconic figure for China's oil production at the time.However, after more than two years of adjustment and reform, the national economy is in a recovery period, and all industries are waiting to be flourished. Oil is an indispensable energy source. In a sense, the output of oil directly affects the speed of national economic growth. , which is an invariable law of the world's economic developing countries and developed countries, especially the national economy under the globalized economic form. After the Third Plenary Session of the Party Central Committee in 1978, China has set sail like a ship centered on economic construction. How can there be a decline in oil energy? However, in 1980, China's oil production really fell, falling below 100 million tons.This is no small matter!The Prime Minister is in a hurry!All economic departments of the government are also anxious, because the decline in oil and energy means that all other economic planning indicators will decline and be lowered... This is absolutely not allowed to happen! Deng Xiaoping was in a hurry.The whole party is in a hurry. Kang Shien, who was lying on the sickbed, now had this burden that worried him even more.Oil is his life, and oil production is the honor of this Chinese oil leader who takes oil as his life. In the decades since Kang Shien became the head of the oil department in New China, oil production has never declined. In the words of people in the oil sector, the tip has always been upward.At present, the country is in a great situation where thousands of horses are galloping, but the production of oil has declined. This is related to the honor of Kang Shien and the entire oil industry!It is a big issue related to the economic development of the country!It is also a political issue related to whether the party's central work can proceed as planned!Because at the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party, the central government determined a major policy: starting from 1979, it took three years to "adjust, reform, rectify, and improve" the country's national economy, while in 1980 it was three years. The last year of the annual adjustment period. "If the oil production cannot reach 100 million tons, the entire country's economy will have to be readjusted." The anxiety of the leaders of the State Council can be imagined. Whether or not 100 million tons of crude oil production can be maintained was a severe test for the Ministry of Petroleum at that time, and it was also related to the country's economic destiny and strategic issues. "The state's investment in the Ministry of Petroleum in 1980 was 1.7 billion yuan, which was half of that in 1980. If the investment is reduced by half, our crude oil production must be worse, and the decline may be even greater..." Jiao, who was in charge of the work of the Ministry of Petroleum at that time Vice Minister Liren told the leaders of the State Council. "The investment will definitely not be more than that of the previous year. This is an overall consideration of the country, but your crude oil production cannot drop below 100 million tons, especially if it can't fall any further. Otherwise, the impact will be too great!" The leader of the State Council stood up from his chair, and he was a little rude to Jiao Liren. "If we want to guarantee 100 million tons, we suggest that the state should invest at least 500 million yuan in the Ministry of Petroleum." Jiao Liren finally said. "Well, I will bring your opinions to the executive meeting of the State Council for discussion. In principle, I agree with this plan." The then prime minister really didn't have much money in his pocket.An increase of 500 million yuan in investment in an industrial sector is not a small amount.However, petroleum energy has too much influence on the entire country, and Jiao Liren's plan was later adopted. However, the Ministry of Petroleum has no idea how to complete the task of 100 million tons. Yu and Kang, two veteran oil ministers, got together again.In the ward, Yu Qiuli held the unusually thin hands of his old comrade-in-arms, and said distressedly and anxiously: "Old Kang, it seems that the two of us have returned to the time when we first arrived in Songliao." Kang Shi'en smiled reluctantly and said, "At that time, we only knew to charge forward, and there was hope of victory if we rushed forward. I think we should show the energy of charging that year." When Yu Qiuli heard it, he immediately felt relieved: "With your words, my confidence is enough! I think we should study a plan on how to maintain an annual output of 100 million tons, and 100 million tons should become a priority for the Ministry of Petroleum in the next three years. Basically leverage. From the perspective of the overall national economy, the 100 million tons must be stabilized, and I think it can be done.” "I completely agree. We will report this matter to the central government." Kang Shien nodded emphatically. For a long time, he and Yu Qiuli have always coincided with each other on major issues and key decisions. "The morale of the Ministry of Petroleum has not been very high during this period. It is necessary for you, the old minister, to cheer up!" Kang Shien supported the sick bed with one hand, and held the hand of the old comrade who was parting with the other, with passionate begging in his eyes. . "I'm going. I'm going. You take a good rest, and the oil issue cannot be separated from you, Lao Kang!" Yu Qiuli reluctantly said goodbye to his old comrade-in-arms for the time being.In the next few days, in the name of the director of the National Energy Commission, he once again went to the Ministry of Petroleum to hold a meeting and talk to someone, explaining the meaning and specific methods of the Ministry of Petroleum's guarantee of 100 million tons of production. One day, when Yu Qiuli was discussing with an old oil man how to protect 100 million tons, another old oil man quietly came over and whispered in the ear of the old minister: Someone went to the relevant central department to sue you, To say that you insist on 100 million tons of oil is to continue to engage in "leftist" tactics. "Fuck him, I'm not afraid of offending people, I'm not afraid of suing! If I'm afraid of offending people or suing, I can't do anything!" Yu Qiuli was furious, waving his right arm again and again.Later, he said: "Now when some people see someone criticizing 'Left', they say everything is 'Left'. In fact, he didn't understand anything at all!" In fact, under the circumstances at that time, even an old revolutionary like Yu Qiuli and a senior party leader could not fully estimate the influence of "left" thoughts on society and all walks of life. In December 1978, the Party convened the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, which clarified a major policy centered on economic work. However, around the question of what path to take and how to go, there were problems and some understandings in the country, especially on the ideological front. The confusion and fuzzy concepts of the "Gang of Four" are still relatively serious, the remnants and poisonous influence of the "Gang of Four" have not been eliminated, and there are still many bad people and people with ulterior motives in society. All kinds of contradictions and struggles, and the confrontation of many different concepts and ideologies in society are also very intense at this time, even affecting high-level officials. In 1982, Yu Qiuli, who was wholeheartedly presiding over the work of the Energy Commission and deploying national oil and coal production, was suddenly asked by General Secretary Hu Yaobang to talk to him. Hu Yaobang told him: There have been some changes regarding your work.Comrade Deng Xiaoping once said that some comrades in the army suggested to the central government to let you return to the army to take charge of political work.So the central government decided to make you the director of the General Political Department. "What's your opinion?" Hu Yaobang asked Yu Qiuli.Yu Qiuli, who was unprepared, thought for a while, and said in his usual firm tone: "I obey the party's arrangements." In this way, Yu Qiuli, who had left the army for 24 years and made outstanding contributions to the oil front, bid farewell to him. Those "iron men" brothers went to work in the General Political Compound in Ping'anli, Beijing.On the day he took office, he didn't even have a military uniform. He went there in the "Minister of Petroleum Uniform" - Chinese tunic suit.Although he is in the Iron Horse Barracks, Yu Qiuli always thinks of China's oil business when he is busy with work.Not long after taking office as director of the General Political Department, he and General Secretary Hu Yaobang went to the southern front to visit soldiers in the "self-defense counterattack".On the way back, he suggested to Hu Yaobang: go to Shengli Oilfield.The general secretary smiled: "Why, haven't you jumped out of the 'oil' yet?" Yu Qiuli nodded with a sullen face, and said, "Yes, the oil department has been somewhat embarrassed by the 'Bohai No. 2' accident in recent years. , I would like to invite the general secretary to cheer up." "Okay, let's go together!" Hu Yaobang said happily.Therefore, these two close comrades in arms temporarily changed their course and arrived at Shengli Oilfield before returning to Beijing.Many people still remember the scene when Hu Yaobang inspected Shengli Oilfield. He and Yu Qiuli stood and sang together: "On the coast of the Yellow Sea, there is a group of outstanding descendants of the Chinese nation. The liberation of mankind is the responsibility of saving the country." , It is all up to us to bear the hope of the four modernizations, the responsibility of energy, we have to take the lead..." The following words are Hu Yaobang's impromptu changes. Hundreds of oil people sang with enthusiasm, so they sang along with the general secretary and the old minister. This is the first time Yu Qiuli has done for the oil industry in public since he left the oil front.There is an objective reason for this. At that time, the person in charge of Shengli Oilfield was Li Ye, an old secretary who had followed him for more than ten years.The old minister knew that after the "Bohai No. 2" accident, his voice in the Ministry of Petroleum was limited. It was an unspeakable painstaking effort for him to do so and choose Shengli Oilfield. What was said above is also a digression of this article. We are still going back to CNOOC's foreign cooperation work under the influence of the "Bohai No. Waiting for Qin Wencai and the others.