Chapter 8 Chapter 7 "The Stone" Finally Touched

In human development, China was once far ahead of all countries in the world, but it fell behind in the late Qing Dynasty. The Opium War in 1840 marked the era of China's complete defeat by world powers.The historical changes in the oil economy are very similar.China was the first country to discover and use oil. Before 100 AD, Ban Gu, a historian of the Eastern Han Dynasty, recorded in the "Han Shu" that "Gao Nu has flammable water".The word "petroleum" was put forward by Shen Kuo, a famous scientist in the Song Dynasty in my country more than 900 years ago, in "Mengxi Bi Tan", and believed that China's "oil is the most, and it is infinite in the ground".

However, China lags far behind Western countries in real industrialized oil extraction.The history of offshore oil exploitation is about half a century behind the west. Before the opening to the outside world in 1978, China's offshore oil exploration was almost zero.There have been some ships in the Bohai Bay and the South China Sea, but they were only minor disturbances and did not become a climate. But at this time, offshore oil exploration and development in the Western world and other regions has been quite mature.Not to mention the great discovery of the Gulf of Mexico in the United States. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Norway and the United Kingdom successively discovered the Ekefisk oil field and the Fodist oil field in the North Sea of ​​Europe, making Norway and the United Kingdom The reserves of the North Sea oilfields it owns reach 5.75 billion barrels and 15.4 billion barrels respectively, and Britain, which has always relied on oil imports, has also become one of the major oil producing countries.The oil reserves of the whole of Western Europe are almost equal to those of the United States, and the oil production in the North Sea alone reaches 2 million barrels per day.The offshore oil exploration and development in the Gulf countries in the Middle East is earlier, more extensive and larger-scale.The great oil discoveries in the Caspian Sea during the Soviet era were equally exciting and enviable.

When China's door to the outside world was opened by Deng Xiaoping, the chief architect of the reform, with ingenious means, the oil people became the pioneers, and the exploration and development of offshore oil was the specific battle and front.After the geophysical prospecting agreements with several foreign companies were signed, in Kang Shien's words, this was just a "reporting of a scene". Of course, if the play is to be good-looking, the director comes first. The Chinese knew almost nothing about offshore oil exploration and development in the past. Even Kang Shien and Zhang Wenbin, who led the exploration and development of large onshore oil fields such as Daqing Oilfield and Shengli Oilfield, still knew little about offshore oil work.At this time, an urgent and particularly important task for Chinese oil workers is: when foreign advanced exploration and development offshore oil exploration and development platforms carrying equipment and many personnel enter the sea area within our sovereignty for operations , how we manage, how to connect, how to perform our duties in accordance with contract procedures and international engineering management laws and regulations have become the top priority.

"Foreigners" have a unique style of handling affairs. Once the contract is signed, everything will be handled according to the contract. If you ask him to move his butt out of good intentions, he will say "let my lawyer talk to you". In the early days of reform and opening up, CNPC people were basically "sea-blind" to offshore oil.And the situation forced the "sea blind" to compete with the "pirates" (people who are proficient in offshore oil exploration often jokingly call themselves).The basic requirement given to Kang Shien, Zhang Wenbin, and Qin Wencai by the government is "must win". Of course, it is better to be "win-win"-when the "foreigner" and our side cannot be satisfied, the "foreigner" is allowed to earn more. money, and we must learn technology and find real new offshore energy.

It is not difficult to see that the responsibility entrusted by the government to oil workers is: no matter what the situation is, no matter how difficult it is to cooperate with foreign companies, we must have the absolute initiative. Finding oil sources and acquiring skills are the goals, and some necessary tuition fees can be spent. But spend wisely. Kang Shien, Zhang Wenbin, and Qin Wencai are all old oil men who were born in the military. Although there are few records of their military exploits in the history of the PLA, when it comes to industrial battles on the oil front, they all fought beautifully and wonderfully. , It can be called a general who is "victorious in a hundred battles" and "wisdom and courage".However, in the face of foreign oil exploration and development fleets that have already deployed or are about to deploy in China's waters, as the commander-in-chief and supreme commander of the management team representing the Chinese government, they feel unprecedented pressure and sense of urgency.

The risk of offshore oil exploration and exploitation is inherently high, and now foreign companies are the main force, and the "sea-blind" Chinese party is also the owner. This kind of risk is tantamount to increasing countless times.No wonder even Kang Shi'en, who had left the Ministry of Petroleum and was promoted to be the Vice Premier of the State Council, had to give up some necessary work even when there were so many opportunities, and he did not hesitate to lead a delegation to travel thousands of miles to learn his skills... Kang Shien touches "stones" in Beihai

China also has a place named "Beihai", but China's Beihai is in Guangxi.The North Sea we are talking about here is in Europe, which is a vast sea area belonging to countries such as the United Kingdom, Norway, Denmark, the Netherlands and Germany. In 1969, just as the world's oil was entering another crisis stage, Ekefisk discovered a large oil field in the North Sea, which belongs to Norway. After that, world-renowned oil companies such as Britain, Denmark, the Netherlands, and the United States rushed to the North Sea one after another. A worldwide climax of offshore oil exploration.During this period, in addition to the discovery of the Ekefisk oil field, world-class large oil and gas fields such as the Sisol gas field were also discovered. Therefore, the North Sea became the third largest offshore oil field in the world after the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Mexico in the Middle East, covering an area of ​​620,000 square kilometers. At that time (1979), the crude oil production reached about 100 million tons, and another 75 billion cubic meters of natural gas were produced.Since the North Sea Oilfield was discovered closer to the present time, and because the exploration and development of the North Sea Oilfield mostly adopted the most advanced international company bidding form, a set of international offshore oil exploration and development models formed by it is scientific and fair. , providing valuable experience and reference for later international offshore oil cooperation.

"Just go to the North Sea to touch the 'stones'!" Kang Shien is indeed a seasoned oil strategist and an outstanding leader in oil management. He chose the North Sea oil field in Europe when he was talking with Song Zhenming, Minister of Petroleum, and others during the preparation stage for going abroad. As a destination for studying and studying offshore oil management work experience. "Crossing the river by feeling the stones".This was the most popular catchphrase among the central leaders in the early days of China's reform and opening up, and later became another classic catchphrase after Comrade Deng Xiaoping's "it doesn't matter whether the cat is white or black, as long as it catches mice."

"The beginning of geophysical exploration is only the reconnaissance stage of our entire offshore oil development. The real opening up campaign is the bidding later. The bidding is tantamount to assigning the offshore oil areas determined by our country to be developed to various foreign companies To complete the implementation plan. It is tantamount to letting others fight for us. Winning or losing, for foreign companies, it is a matter of making money and losing money, but for us, it is not just a matter of losing money and making money, but The directionality of the national oil development strategy. Only success, not failure. This success means that it is best to get oil out, and at least it is necessary to find out the situation on the seabed. Comrade Deng Xiaoping said that our reform and opening up is to cross the river by feeling the stones, We are wading through the ocean by feeling the stones. We have to drink a few sips of salt water, and we may even drown people, but we must not be afraid, otherwise we will not be able to learn the skills.” Kang Shien from May to July 4, 1980 During the longest and most in-depth "Trip to Beihai", Song Zhenming and Chen Jinhua, then deputy mayor of Shanghai who accompanied the delegation, said these words the most.

The first stop of Kang Shien and his party was Norway.Norway, a small Nordic country, was always an oil-poor importer in the past, but the discovery of oil fields in the North Sea made this beautiful small European country an oil exporter, and at the same time triggered comprehensive economic and social development.The Norwegian government has always held a friendly attitude towards the Chinese people. The arrival of Kang Shien and his party was considered as a gesture of friendship from China after the opening up to Norway, and was therefore warmly welcomed by everyone including the Prime Minister.When the Chinese delegation expects to learn some international experience in offshore oil exploration and development here, the Norwegian energy department and various oil companies have shown rare sincerity and selflessness. They said to Kang Shien and other Chinese oil industry counterparts that in the North Sea The Norwegian Petroleum Corporation, you Chinese friends can look at it at will, and we will tell you without reservation if you have any questions or consultations.

"The later facts also proved that Norway is one of China's most valuable friends in the process of international offshore oil exploration and development cooperation." Qin Wencai commented in such words. "Ah—it's so grand and majestic here!" Standing on the platform of the Beihai Oilfield, the 65-year-old Kang Shien seemed to have returned to the scene when he first came to the Yumen Oilfield when he was young...the same excitement , but at this moment, the Chinese oil leader is excited to be infected and moved by the advanced offshore oil drilling platforms towering in the blue sea and blue sky in the Western world... "This is the advanced productivity! This is the international high level!" Kang Shien said with emotion to Song Zhenming and other members of the Chinese oil company delegation beside him, "Look at how they have developed to this level. Our current offshore oil exploration technology and capabilities are like when we fought against Chiang Kai-shek in the past." , is at the level of millet plus rifles..." Therefore, he repeatedly said to his fellow PetroChina staff: "If you want to find oil fields in China's seabed, you have to put down your airs and learn from other foreign companies with an open mind." "Western capitalism does have many advanced aspects that we should learn from. When we get together with capitalists, we don't learn their rotten things, but their advanced management experience and mature international project contracting experience and legal knowledge. There must be the spirit of the lotus, and the sludge will not be polluted." The "lotus spirit" put forward by Kang Shien for PetroChina's foreign cooperation work has since become the guiding principle for China's oil industry to open up to the outside world, go abroad, and go to the world battlefield, and lead PetroChina people have been going all the way to this day... "You and your team are so sincere and eager to learn, which left a deep impression on me and the people of my country." At the prime minister's residence at No. 10 Downing Street in London, Mrs. Thatcher, the "Iron Lady", held the Chinese oil leader Kang Shi tightly. En's hand, his face was full of admiration. What does the successful development of the North Sea Oilfield and such a great performance today show?Explained ten words: wisdom, initiative, risk, investment, patience! "Travel to the North Sea" kept Kang Shien in a state of high excitement and emotion.After returning to China, he immediately called Zhang Wenbin, Qin Wencai, etc. to the small meeting room in his home, and held special meetings for three consecutive days.It has been many years since Zhang Wenbin and Qin Wencai, who took over the Yumen Oilfield to participate in the Daqing Battle, have seen Kang Shien so excited. , is the wisdom under the guidance of advanced science and technology. Seismostratigraphy is like our doctors mastering X-rays, which can clearly see the underwater world!This is what Comrade Deng Xiaoping said "Science is the primary productive force"!What is science?To put it bluntly, it is the wisdom of people who have mastered advanced thinking and advanced technology!But it is not enough to have wisdom, one must have a little spirit, and the spirit of initiative is the most important in this spirit!The successful discovery and development of the North Sea Oilfield is the first in the world's petroleum history. It combines the best and best of international petroleum technology and teams, thus creating the myth of the North Sea.The entire North Sea oil field is a common stage for the world's major oil companies.In this arena, everyone is equal and competes fairly, and its premise is: the corresponding international economic laws.Offshore oil exploration and development is the most risky operation for human beings in all energy development on the earth. This risk includes the risk of fighting between man and nature, huge capital investment and possible complete failure of fishing for moons in water!But it is worth taking this risk. It is not only a scientific test of capital investment, but also a test of the confidence and will of oil people.A North Sea oil field, an investment of 60 billion U.S. dollars, what does it mean?It shows the huge investment in offshore oil, which is so huge that it may be boundless that we can't imagine.Such a huge scale allows us to see that the cause of going to the sea is so magnificent and great, and at the same time so sinister and unpredictable.This even more requires us to adopt a scientific attitude, cherish and pity each copper coin for the country, the nation, and the people. Only in this way can we live up to our mission.However, finding oil at sea is as difficult as finding a needle in a haystack, with endless mysteries.The sea is full of temptations and wonders, the complexity of the underwater world, the unpredictability of offshore operations, etc., etc., all constitute the hardships and arduousness, length and uncertainty of offshore oil exploration and development... Only enough patience, Only with a hundred times of patience and persistent patience will it be possible to reap the rewards, and only then will one day hold the big golden doll! "This is the 'stone' we found in the process of investigating foreign offshore oil exploration and development! With such a 'stone', we can survive the long river full of rapids and dangerous shoals in foreign cooperative development of offshore oil! " Kang Shien passionately summed up and summarized the "ten characters" and other "six characteristics" of CNOOC, which were later called "Kang's model" or "CNOOC model" by oil people. "Crazy English" by Wang Tao, Wei Liucheng and others Wang Tao, the last minister of the Ministry of Petroleum of China and the first general manager of PetroChina.When he was the general manager of PetroChina, Zhou Yongkang, now a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, was his deputy. Wei Liucheng, the current secretary of the Hainan Provincial Party Committee, was the fourth general manager of "CNOOC". In the late 1970s and early 1980s, Wang Tao and Wei Liucheng were both heads of secondary units under the Ministry of Petroleum, and they were in the prime of life.Especially Wang Tao, who was urgently summoned by Zhang Wenbin and Qin Wencai to Zhuozhou, once known as the "General Staff Headquarters" of PetroChina, to participate in a group of "mixed committees" and resources selected by the Ministry of Petroleum for foreign cooperation. The evaluation committee training class, in his own words, "is an unexpected return." Wang Tao was a professional in the Soviet Union in the 1950s. After returning to China, he had been working on the oil front line. Zhuozhou participated in the training, and when they saw that the lecturers on the podium turned out to be "foreigners", Wang Tao and more than 120 experienced elites from the oil front were shocked and went to the wrong place for themselves.After listening to the mobilization by Zhang Wenbin, Qin Wencai and other leaders, Wang Tao and the others understood what was going on. It turned out that from this day on, he and his "oil rats" who have been in the oil field for many years are going to have sex with foreigners. deal! "I have been back to China for nearly 20 years, and I have been the head of Guangguang for 15 years. This time, the reform and opening up have allowed us to learn from the beginning." Wang Tao and his "scholars" who smelled of oil were very excited. . "I'm in the Mixed Committee, how about you?" "Hi, hello, the mixed committee, the mixed committee, the gangsters will do it! I'm struggling, it's the evaluation committee, and I don't know what the resource evaluation committee is for?" The students joked with each other about their future majors.At the mobilization meeting, after some mobilization and explanations from Vice Minister Zhang Wenbin, Wang Tao and the others suddenly realized that this resource evaluation committee was set up for international bidding, and the owner’s country needs to evaluate the resources in its own region. The purpose is to In order to conduct the final "bargaining" on resources with collaborators.The so-called "mixed committee" refers to a mixed committee that needs to be organized at a common management level by the Chinese and foreign parties in foreign cooperation projects. "The comrades who participated in the training class are some leaders and technical backbones of various oil fields. They were finally determined after repeated discussions and careful selection by the party group of the Ministry. You are the first batch of commandos for PetroChina to open up to the world and will undertake Our country’s oil legislation, contract negotiation with foreign companies, resource assessment, mixed management and other important tasks, none of us have done in the past, and it is also a gap in the country. Your task is: to learn the skills, prepare to work with Multinational troops fighting!" Zhang Wenbin said to his subordinates in the language unique to soldiers. "We're going to do it at sea this time! I heard that foreign devils want to lead us?" Some people were worried. "Minister Zhang has already said that our oil strategy will be transferred to the sea. It is certain that we will do it, and the 'multinational forces' will participate in it. This does not mean that foreigners must lead us. You must know that they are invited by us. The guest is helping us. The master is us! This point cannot be ambiguous." "Let me tell you, in our country, let us be the third grandson, how can this be possible!" "You're not entirely right. We ask foreigners to help us drill wells and find oil at sea because we don't have enough technology, equipment, management experience, and funds. In this case, we have to learn from them humbly. There is no one who The problem of being the third grandson! Besides, you and I have never done anything to find oil at sea! Find oil for the country, so what’s the matter with you being the third grandson once?" "No, he is a foreign teacher and expert. We should learn some real skills from him!" In those days, the students had all kinds of discussions.But the one thing that bothers them the most is learning a foreign language. "Learning a foreign language well is like when we fought against the devils back then. You have to practice your marksmanship first!" Zhang Wenbin taught his subordinates carrying drill pipes with easy-to-understand principles.Someone also passed on an anecdote about Qin Wencai's visit to the United States to the students.It was the first time that Qin Wencai, Sun Jingwen, and Li Renjun led a delegation to the United States for investigation. Because many members of PetroChina did not understand English, the "foreigners" often closed their eyelids and wanted to sleep when they introduced them endlessly. Qin Wencai always "listened" to other people's introductions with his eyes wide open in a serious manner. Later, the "foreigner" took a very close look at him-because when the delegation of the Chinese Petroleum Corporation visited the United States for the first time, the US Central Intelligence Agency actually sent an intelligence officer. Officer, who has been following the Chinese delegation as a "reception official", this intelligence officer later showed extra "enthusiasm" for Qin Wencai.It was not until the delegation left the United States that Qin Wencai knew the reason why he was so valued: Americans thought that Qin Wencai knew English except for translation. "Actually, I'm from the real Tuba Road. Apart from 'OK' and 'Hello', I know a lot!" Qin Wencai said after returning to China. "Haha...Minister Qin is pretending to understand, confusing the enemy!" "Yeah, the first time we fight against each other, we pretend to understand when we don't understand, and we can deal with it for a while, but in the future, we have to deal with 'foreigners' every day, and if we pretend to understand, I'm afraid they won't know if they sell it! Therefore, the people of PetroChina must think To achieve a breakthrough in finding oil at sea and learn some real skills, it is just like we fought against the enemy on the battlefield. In this sense: learning a foreign language is like our drillers learning to drive a drilling rig. This is hard work! No! If you study hard, you will suffer losses and lose the battle!" Zhang Wenbin encouraged the students with such words. "Learning a foreign language is like a driller learning how to drill!" This saying was popular in the Zhuozhou Petroleum Exploration Foreign Affairs Training Class for a while. The training camp has begun. Those oilmen who were still thinking about their drilling footage on their own drilling team yesterday, or searching for those mysterious structures buried in the vast underground on the sand dunes in the wild, gathered from all over the world, and led the search for oil. The passion and sensitivity unique to the profession, like looking for a clear spring in the desert, running desperately, scrambling to learn all the "prescribed actions" assigned by Zhang Wenbin and Qin Wencai... Among them, English is the most direct and important—— All future cooperation with the "Multinational Forces" must be in English.This "mastery" is not a simple conversation such as "Hello" or "Have you eaten?" It is an exchange and contest between countries, owners and contractors, and may even be a merciless confrontation at any time. "Petroleum English 900 Sentences", this is the main textbook for each student in the training class.These oilmen who have made outstanding contributions to the country in various oil fields in the past, now in Zhuozhou, in order to compare their skills with others, they show the same energy as the iron man Wang Jinxi and the 1202 drilling team to catch up with the world drilling record. But they often blush for fighting for a desk and occupying a favorable terrain for self-study. "Old Wang, your voice is too loud! Can you lower it by three decibels!" Wang Tao's voice is so loud that once he reads it, others can't learn it. For this reason, the students unite and beat Wang Tao. .Helpless, Wang Tao had no choice but to hide in the only place that belonged to him—the mosquito net. "Good guy, old Wang is really good! Why did your white mosquito net become a flowered mosquito net?" Some students found that Wang Tao pasted pieces of paper full of English words all over the inside of the mosquito net. "It's so convenient! You see, when I lie down, the sky full of English is poured into my head; when I open my eyes, the world of English flies into my field of vision again... This is called the forced English learning method! "Wang Tao shook his head and proudly introduced his learning tips in front of the old buddies of the students. The Zhuozhou training class was later called the "Phase I of Huangpu" of PetroChina's reform and opening up by Wang Tao and other trainees.At that time, there were two achievements that made them very proud: one was the average score of 898 for the 87 people who participated in the business test; the other was the average score of 888 for the English test. "You guys can work on the oil front after China's opening up for at least 15 to 20 years!" When the training course was over, Zhang Wenbin waved his fists and cheered for the trainees on the spot. "In fact, these backbones have been the pioneers and leaders of China's oil industry during the 30 years of reform and opening up. Although many of them have retired now, they are still making useful contributions to China's oil industry. Some play a role in other important positions." That day, in Qin Wencai's office, he counted the names of the soldiers under his command for me, and said affectionately. Among the long list of names, there is one I am more familiar with. He is the current Secretary of the Hainan Provincial Party Committee, Wei Liucheng.It is not uncommon for the Ministry of Petroleum to have high-ranking officials.In the past, Yu Qiuli and Kang Shien served as vice premiers, and Zhou Yongkang, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, and others are all party and state leaders from the Ministry of Petroleum.In the early 1980s, Wei Liucheng was still a member of the "young school".In the big study of "touching stones" in the Ministry of Petroleum, he was sent to the "Western Foreign Languages" - Xi'an Foreign Languages ​​Institute for advanced studies. "Did you to school by bus or on foot?" In the first class, the foreign teacher asked Wei Liucheng and his group of oil students this sentence, which meant: Do you come to school by bus or on foot? What?What is he asking us?The students sitting in the classroom looked at each other at a loss, and no one knew what the teacher was talking about. "Wei Liucheng, didn't you say that you only studied English in middle school and university, why are you dumb?" Wu Zhongyi, Lu Taixing and others who also came from Changqing Oilfield asked Wei Liucheng in a low voice. "Drilling in the ravine all day long, I gave it back to my husband!" Wei Liucheng blushed and muttered in a low voice. On the podium, the foreign teacher shook his head helplessly.Wei Liucheng and others clearly saw that the teachers on the stage were doubting whether their group of adult PetroChina employees could still learn ABC... "Take it! Take it down firmly!" The hearts of Wei Liucheng and other people in the oil field were stung: We PetroChina people started from the iron man Wang Jinxi. When did we ever give up in the face of difficulties?Isn't it just 26 letters?We swallowed the words one by one and chewed them up, didn't we! Yes, not just 26 letters!Swallow it in your mouth!Chew it up! Swallow it in your mouth!Chew it—! Weiliucheng and the "Xiwai" trainees from Changqing Oilfield competed with "English" from then on.At that time, there were very few learning tools and textbooks that could be used for reference, and there were almost no other English books that could be used except fixed textbooks.But every night, the students discovered that Wei Liucheng was always muttering about something restless in bed—the secret was finally discovered later: "Dude, you're eavesdropping on the Voice of America!" "Hush - I'm practicing my pronunciation!" Wei Liucheng pressed his partner's mouth nervously, telling him not to reveal his "secret" - at that time, "Voice of America" ​​was often regarded as an "enemy station" "Mil!If it is pushed back a few years, anyone who eavesdrops on the "Voice of America" ​​may be arrested, and even be labeled as a spy of "Litong foreign countries"! Wei Liucheng's method was quickly imitated by the students: they first secretly recorded the relevant programs of "Voice of America" ​​with a tape recorder, and then played them slowly, listening and reading each word, and turned to the "English-Chinese Dictionary" if they didn't understand. "... This method later became an effective weapon for almost all trainees.However, soon each of them had a copy of the "English-Chinese Dictionary" was "ravaged" miserably! More than three months later, Wei Liucheng was ordered to go to Beijing to serve as the chief representative of the Chinese side in the joint management committee of China Nanhai West Company and British BP Company.When he reported to Qin Wencai's office, Qin Wencai almost didn't recognize this sturdy man in the past, "Why do you look like a different person?" Qin Wencai looked at the beloved general who had lost a lot of weight distressedly, and asked. Wei Liucheng smiled shyly, and had no choice but to recruit truthfully: "It's all done by 'Crazy English'!" Wei Liucheng, who reported to the new unit—Nanhai Western Petroleum Company, found that under the unified deployment of the party group of the Ministry of Petroleum, the wind of "crazy English" in the oil system set off by Zhang Wenbin and Qin Wencai has been blowing strongly everywhere—that is, Wei Liucheng Nanhai Western Petroleum Company, a new unit of the South China Sea, transferred 90 front-line backbones and sent them to East China Petroleum Institute for "Crazy English" training, which took up to one year and completely off-duty learning. In another place in Bohai Bay—Longkou, Shandong, Zhong Yiming, another pioneer of CNOOC, is doing one thing even more "crazily": establishing "Longkou University" and setting up "popularization classes" and "intensive classes" , "improvement class". "In order to improve the students' English proficiency, we need foreign teachers to teach." Zhong Yiming instructed Zuo Huankui, director of education and training, to try to find "foreigners" to teach.Zuo Huankui immediately invited Dr. Taylor and the Dole couple to "Longkou University" through the Hong Kong Huaan Foundation. Not long after the class started, suddenly a few people came from "above" and asked Zhong Yiming and the others: "Do you know who the Taylors are?" "It's a foreigner!" "Do you know who they are besides foreigners?" Zhong Yiming and the others were a little confused when they asked the people who came to investigate: "I don't know, we only know that their English level is high, and they are very good English teachers." "Wrong! They're still Christians!" "They are Christians, what does it have to do with us asking them to teach English?" Zhong Yiming snorted with a laugh. "We are a socialist country, and most of the petroleum students you train are members of the Communist Party. How can the Communist Party members let Christians be their teachers?" "Joke! We let Dr. Taylor teach English classes and teach our students to master English. What he 'foreigner' loves to teach hinders us!" "Then... what happened, you have to take responsibility yourself." "Responsible is responsible! If you want to eat pork, don't you care whether the pig butcher is a vegetarian or a meat eater? Really!" Zhong Yiming watched off the people who came to investigate with anger and amused, and said to his subordinate Zuo Huankui: "Let the students We raised our voices and told the whole world that we are learning English!" "We learn English." "...Learning English for our modernizations (we learn English to serve modernization)." The "General Staff Headquarters" led by old coaches Qiu Zhongjian and Zou Ming collectively moved "stones" Among the people who have worked in the PetroChina team, there are two names that everyone knows.One of them is Qiu Zhongjian and the other is Zou Ming.These two old gentlemen are still alive now, and they accepted my interviews successively. Qiu Zhongjian, aged 75, is an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a famous geologist.I knew his name as early as more than ten years ago when I was writing another oil work. He was one of the dozen or so important geologists who were commended by the state for discovering the Daqing Oilfield, and he was also the director of the exploration of Shengli, Tarim and other important oilfields. Key organizers and leaders. Zou Ming, 93 years old, is alive and healthy.One day before the Spring Festival this year, I visited this man who took the risk of transporting more than 300,000 silver dollars back from the dying Kuomintang to the Yumen Oilfield through untold hardships, so that New China could fully accept the discovery and development of the Chinese themselves. first oil field.Mr. Zou Ming was the deputy general manager of "China Petroleum Corporation" in the old China era. He made great contributions to the protection of Yumen Oilfield on the eve of the founding of New China. Thirty years ago, Zou Ming was already 64 years old. During the "Cultural Revolution", he was labeled as a Kuomintang "ambush agent" and spent seven years in Qincheng Prison.Like Qiu Zhongjian, at the important juncture of PetroChina's opening up to the outside world, Kang Shien personally named Zou Ming to Zhuozhou to accept the new task. "Old Zou, you suffered the most during the 'Cultural Revolution', and I didn't protect you well..." On that day, Kang Shien went to the Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development to find someone who had just implemented the policy and arranged to work here. Zou Ming, holding his old friend Zou Ming's skinny hands tightly, said with a sob. "How can I blame you? You are also a mud bodhisattva crossing the river, so you can't protect yourself!" Zou Ming said repeatedly, looking at Vice Premier Kang Shi'en, who was about the same age but also looked very old. Kang Shien and Zou Ming knew each other very early, and it was Kang Shien who took over the Yumen Oilfield from Zou Ming.Later, when Kang Shien was the director of the Northwest Petroleum Bureau, Zou Ming was the deputy director. In 1950, Kang Shien brought 9 people from the northwest to Beijing to participate in the establishment of the Petroleum Administration Bureau of the Ministry of Fuel Industry. Zou Ming was one of the 9 people.This veteran oilman with a background in business is highly respected by Kang Shien for his integrity.During the battle of Daqing Oilfield, he was Kang Shien's effective logistics minister-in charge of the supply of materials for the battle. "Mr. Zou, now the country is going to open up to the outside world and cooperate with foreign oil companies to develop offshore oil. You have had a lot of experience in cooperation with foreign oil companies in the old China. I know that when New China was founded, the leftovers on the mainland Those oil equipments were basically purchased by you when you came to the United States for two years during World War II... This time we are going to cooperate with the United States, Britain, Japan and other countries on a larger scale to search for oil at sea. This work, in addition to You, basically no one has done it before, so I specially ask you to come out of the mountain and show the way to young people!" Kang Shien begged his old friend like this. Zou Ming is a typical old intellectual of the old era. Seeing that Kang Shien, who holds the important position of deputy prime minister, was so earnest, he quickly agreed: "Oh, see where you are talking! As long as Shien, you think I, an old cow, can Pull the plow once, and I'll go!" "Okay! The old horse is out of the mountain, and one will be the top three!" Kang Shien laughed happily. In this way, Zou Ming, together with Qiu Zhongjian and other senior experts from the Ministry of Petroleum, with the hope of a new round of oil glory for the Republic, regardless of old age and infirmity, left his family and the capital without hesitation, and went to the small city of Zhuozhou to work in the foreign cooperation of the Ministry of Petroleum. The "General Staff" took command and personally led a brand new "Oil Multinational War". Why did the Ministry of Petroleum create a "General Staff"?This is because with the full development of China Petroleum's foreign cooperation projects, since May 1979, on the more than 2,000-kilometer coastline of my country's South China Sea, East China Sea and Bohai Bay, there have been sudden gatherings from the United States, Britain, France, Norway, Geophysical oil exploration vessels of more than a dozen oil companies in countries such as Germany and Japan.All of a sudden, the "Multinational Petroleum Forces" flying the "ten thousand national flags" launched a massive "seismic and geophysical prospecting war" in the sea area specified by me.The scene of the battlefield made the Chinese near the sea feel novelty and consternation.The strange thing is that there are huge waves rolling up under the sea under the constant bombardment—geophysical exploration is a technical work based on the principle of seismic waves triggered by ground explosions. technological means.After the start of seismic geophysical prospecting, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive and accurate analysis and processing of field seismic data. This task is arduous and arduous. It is not only related to the success or failure of China Petroleum's foreign cooperation projects, but more importantly, it is to discover the foundation of my country's offshore oil fields. Therefore, The Ministry of Petroleum has formed a strong technical team in order to obtain the results of seismic work carried out by foreign companies in my country's waters.A large China Marine Resources Assessment Committee was established in Zhuozhou, and two veterans, Qiu Zhongjian and Zou Ming, were appointed to lead the team.In particular, the Marine Resources Evaluation Committee bears a heavy responsibility, which directly affects the overall situation of offshore oil development. Therefore, Zhang Wenbin, Qin Wencai and other leaders who are accustomed to using military debates call it the "General Staff" of the foreign cooperation projects of the Ministry of Petroleum at that time. . “总参谋部”秉承余秋里、康世恩在上世纪六十年代大庆会战时创立的“先生产、后生活”的原则，当石油部党组决定成立海洋资源评估委员会，便有人在涿州石油部物探局招待所迅速腾出全部房间，让给邱中健、邹明领衔的近200名精兵强将入驻此地。 一时间，小小的涿州物探局招待所，来也匆匆，去也匆匆，每天人声鼎沸，从1980年那个夏天开始，这里便再也没有安静过一天…… 而此时，在我国沉静了几万年的广阔海域，一场空前的“多国部队的海洋之战”正已进入白热化程度。上世纪八十年代初的中国，许多地方的百姓还整天在喊着“千万不要忘记阶级斗争”和“提高警惕，保卫祖国”的口号，忽然有一天他们往大海近处望去，突然间发现了我“神圣不可侵犯”的海域怎么会飘扬起了“外国侵略者”的国旗？“当时有不少地方的民兵和人武部自动组织起来，正要对付这些突然冒出来的'侵略者'，要不是我们及时向地方政府和武装部门取得联系，还真不知会出什么意外呢！”有位海洋石油工作者这样告诉我。 三十年后的今天，我们很难想象当时的国情与国民的心态：新中国经历了从被别人封锁到“文革”十年自我封闭的几十年岁月，我们的人民几乎一直是在自己的国土上，看着唯一的一面五星红旗高高飘扬中走过来的，祖国高于一切，已成为全体国民的统一信仰，谁越出一步，谁就可能被视为“卖国贼”。 “卖国贼”的名声可不是闹着玩的。 秦文彩等中国石油人在改革开放初期，没少被人这样骂过。什么叫忍辱负重？大概秦文彩最能回答这样的感受。 但像邹明这样的老石油人，当第一次听到因为自己参与同外国公司合作的工作而被人辱骂时，他真的愤怒了：老子什么时候卖过国？如果我是卖国贼，为什么当年蒋介石和美国人千方百计想拉拢我和一批老石油人毁掉玉门油田时，我们冒死要保护它呢？别看邹明一辈子弱不禁风的身板，但爱国和干石油的骨气却是异常的硬朗。来到“总参谋部”，邹明老先生接受的是一项全新的工作——宋振明部长于1980年6月出访欧洲回来，就交给他一大摞英国BP公司北海油田的经济运算资料，说：“老邹，这一大堆洋玩意儿，我们代表团的成员都看不懂，你早年出国留过洋，看完后给大伙儿讲讲！” “行。交给我吧！”邹明没有说第二句多余的话，便操起唯一的一台老式计算器，整整花了一个星期时间，总算把BP公司在北海的二十几个油田经济分析资料批复演算了一遍。 做完这件事后，邹明向年轻的部长提了个请求：“我们该有台像样的计算机了！西方国家的石油公司早在四五十年代就有了大型计算机，并能通过自己编程序进行经济运算了，可我们还在用简易的手工计算机运算，怕下一步会给国家大规模开展海洋石油勘探开发带来严重的滞后与阻碍。” “老邹，你的想法正是我一直伤脑筋并且全力求得中央有关部门全力支持的一件大事！'面包会有的！计算机也会有的！'”宋振明部长还是当年指挥大庆会战时那样充满朝气，他那虎虎生风的性格深深地感染了邹明他们。 邱中健是整个“总参谋部”——资源评估委员会的“总参谋长”，他受副部长阎敦实的领导，直接组织指挥汇集到涿州的近200名石油精英，开始了一场特殊而艰苦的激烈战斗——根据各国公司所获取的物探资料，准确评估出海洋区域内的地质结构和石油储藏量，简称“资源评估”。它的目的和意义在于为下一步如何开发我国海洋石油提供精确的规划和数据，用军事用语来解释，就好比大决战前，“总参谋部”为整个战役提供详尽的作战依据和作战方案。 “对外开放前，我们中国的石油人基本上都是'旱鸭子'，海洋上找油的经验几乎是零。与外国公司合作的大门一开，了不得呀！到涿州的头一年，我们就从外国公司手中接过了重达130多吨的原始地震磁带、报告和图件等，所有这些资料，都得靠我们这近200人的技术人员将它分析、解释和整理出来！现在想起当时的工作情景，我还觉得实在太难忘……涿州离北京也就一个小时的路程，可在那两年中我记得也就回过三次家，那也都是回部里开会顺便到家里看一眼就走了。大家都是一个样，一心想着干活！所有的人都明白：如果在我们手里耽误一天，国家损失的可能就是几万、几十万美金。那时候，国家还很穷，1美金外汇，好比现在手上10000元人民币似的。那真叫珍贵哪！”邱中健回忆道。 后来我从秦文彩和其他参与涿州“总参谋部”工作的同志那里了解的情况，证实了邱中健的话。 “时间就是金钱”这句话，石油人要比普通中国人早感受了五年乃至十年的光阴。 与外国公司合作，一个最大的特点是，“资本家”对效益和利益的格外看重。你中国不是与我订了合同吗？既然订了合同，你就得按合同办。拖延一天，你就得赔一天的钱！中国人吃惯了大锅饭，也干惯了长官意志的事，于是也就常常不把时间概念放在眼里。可“老外”不干，你拖延没关系，可你得赔钱！成倍成倍地赔，而且还必须赔外汇！ 中国石油人急眼了！延迟一天，“老外”得让我们赔几倍、甚至几十倍的钱，这咋吃得消？无论如何咱们不能让“老外”宰咱！不让人宰你就得拼命地干。 余秋里和康世恩两位政府副总理，那时都得常常为国家少花还是多花几个外汇要掐着手指算，咱小小石油人还能怎样？ 秦文彩有一天到涿州检查工作，老伙计阎敦实跟他开玩笑道：“我现在这儿快成'西点军校'了，以后假如你管海洋石油，我的这些精兵强将，你可得全给我收编！” 秦文彩抱起双拳，笑言：“那我在此先谢了！” 果不其然，秦文彩往物探局的招待所四楼、五楼扫了一眼，内心真是感动：大热天里，上百名国内可数的石油专家，拥挤在连台摇头电扇都没有的简陋楼房内，办公、住宿合着用，唯一的“好处”是，白天上班能穿“大裤衩”，深夜能在凉台上透透凉…… 秦文彩听邱中健说，就是在这种条件下，他邱中健和龚再升、王善书等专家仅用两个星期，审完了平时需要一两个月才能审完的100幅构造图。“涿州的两年多时间里，我们真正做到了完全彻底、一心一意，除了睡觉，连吃饭时大伙儿常常端着饭碗还在研究讨论图纸，那种劲头，跟当年余、康指挥大庆会战的创业时期不相上下。”年届75岁的中科院院士邱中健，今天谈起涿州“总参谋部”的那段经历，依旧激情澎湃。 “我还给你讲一件事。”邱中健说：有一天深夜，负责外国物探资料接收工作的陈泽芬，接到一份美国埃索公司地震处理资料当夜11时到北京机场的电报，这份电报上说，所有空运的资料必须在6小时内从机场卸完，因为埃索公司租用的美国飞虎航空公司的波音747飞机，在北京国际机场停留的时间仅有6小时，超时罚款，且数额巨大。 陈泽芬找到了物探局生产科的张志远。“这深更半夜的哪儿去找人找车呀？”张志远有些为难了。 “如果我们不能在6小时之内把资料卸完，不仅赔不起，而且在外国公司中会产生极坏影响。无论如何也得想法把车和人都找到！”陈泽芬一边擦着额上的汗珠，一边跟张志远说大道理。 “我明白了！”张志远一挥手，便转身消失在夜幕之中……不一会儿，在他带领下，30多名生龙活虎的年轻人，连车带人齐刷刷地站在陈泽芬面前。 “老陈，人、车都齐了，现在听你指挥！”寒风中，穿着棉衣棉裤的张志远跑到陈泽芬面前来了个立正敬礼。 “你真有办法呀！咋一下找了这么多人？” “这简单，我跟团委书记一说，他立马行动，这不都来了嘛！”张志远说得挺简单，可这支突击队能在短时间毫不含糊地组织起来，并在之后的数小时内突击连续作战的精神，让目睹他们的首都机场工作人员感动不已。那是寒冬季节的深夜，重达9万多斤的5万盘磁带和资料，你得一箱箱小心翼翼地搬运，从午夜一直搬运到凌晨3时，25辆卡车全部装满。机场地勤人员惊讶地问陈泽芬：“你哪儿雇了这么能干的劳务工呀？” “哐当——”当张志远他们争分夺秒卸装完货物的最后一瞬，机场货运部的大门被无情地撞上了，机场货运处的广场上重新恢复了沉寂，耳边只有呼啸的北风仍在刮着……怎么只有我们这些人啊？30多名刚才还是汗水淋淋的小伙子们突然感到冷清起来——冷！太冷了！ 为了保护这25辆卡车的地震资料，他们像坚守疆场的战士，一分钟一分钟地等候着东方的黎明……5时左右，或许是年轻石油人的精神叫人太感动了，首都机场的几位地勤人员扛来两大桶热腾腾的稀粥，让张志远他们喝。 “香！”“暖和！”年轻的石油人都说这是他们一生中喝过的最好的粥！ “中国海洋的第一份资源评估报告就是在这种条件下大伙儿拼出来的。这个成果后来获得了国家科技进步一等奖，主要是为之后的国家海洋石油开发对外招标提供了必要依据。”邱中健说。