China in 1978 AD was destined to set off a scene that shocked the world.Historians therefore believe that this year was a watershed in which contemporary Chinese society underwent truly dramatic changes. What happened this year? What we seem to remember most now is the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. For the first time, the Chinese Communists put forward an epoch-making strategic policy centered on economic work.Undoubtedly, this historic meeting is like a sound of spring thunder, heralding that the lion in China, which has been sleeping for countless years, will completely shake off the chains that bind its hands and feet, and will roar out to fight!However, many people do not know that the "reform and opening up" decision-making process that influenced China's historical trend and changed the world today was not all smooth sailing thirty years ago.On the contrary, it is full of thrilling struggles and intricate contradictions, the cleansing and confrontation of various motives and souls intertwined, and even some kind of impetus from the other side of the ocean...

Before this year, from July 16 to 21, 1977, the Communist Party of China held the Third Plenary Session of the Tenth Central Committee of the Party.At the meeting, there were four important resolutions: one was to ratify Hua Guofeng as the Chairman of the CPC Central Committee and the Chairman of the Central Military Commission; 1. Chief of the General Staff of the People's Liberation Army; 3. Permanently expel the "Gang of Four" from the Party and revoke all positions; 4. Convene the Eleventh National Congress of the Party ahead of schedule. One month later, in August 1977, the Party's Eleventh National Congress was held.Two major events were announced at the meeting: the end of the "Cultural Revolution" and the determination of the goal of building my country into a powerful modern socialist country within this century.

During that year, I worked as a news reporter in a certain unit of the People’s Liberation Army in Xiangxi, Hunan. Like many people who came here during this period, I experienced 1976, a year of great sadness and joy. My impression of 1977 was: The land of the motherland is "steaming" everywhere.What remains deepest in our memory this year is my classmates who stayed in their hometown and did not come out to work or serve in the army. The long-lost college entrance examination.There is also the portrait of the "wise leader" that our troops and localities have greeted again and again. I remember that the team in my army to welcome the portrait of the "wise leader" has been lined up from the barracks to the train station, and the mighty road is more than ten miles... In fact, this is not the most spectacular.I heard from some of my fellow soldiers who served in the navy that they used special planes and warships to welcome the portraits of "wise leaders"... Now thinking about the things in that era will feel particularly absurd, but at that time we were all "holy" " and "Glory", a little soldier accidentally stained the portrait of the "wise leader", and the punishment he received was the same as that of Chairman Mao's portrait during the "Cultural Revolution".

The warm spring has come, but we still don't know if the cold snap in the spring is still very biting and terrible... The cold that falls to the ground in spring may be frost and cool wind, and the cold snap that stays high may be freezing Thousands of feet of snow peaks and piercing hurricanes. The "Cultural Revolution" was declared over, but "political revolutions of the nature of the Cultural Revolution will continue many times in the future," and the "two whatevers" must still be followed—in this case, from the highest level.The situation at the top decision-making level of the party at that time: Deng Xiaoping had just resumed his post, and he was not the chairman of the party and the prime minister of the government.The work that Deng Xiaoping presided over was mainly education, science and technology and military work. From July 1977 to early 1978, Deng Xiaoping's rectification and education in the army, the restoration of the college entrance examination and the spring breeze blown by the scientific and technological circles have made the motherland full of spring.However, there is still a cold current on the agricultural and industrial fronts—this cold current is a special air current formed under "heat and high pressure". planning".The specific content related to the industrial front is: the state plans to build and continue to build 120 large-scale projects, including ten iron and steel bases, nine non-ferrous metal bases, eight coal bases, ten oil and gas fields, thirty large power stations, and six new railways. line and five key ports.

At that time, the country was at a time when all industries were waiting to be flourished, and ordinary people were all excited when they heard such a grand plan!However, Chen Yun, Bo Yibo and the older generation of economists who are the best at calculating accounts in the party broke out in a cold sweat, exclaiming that this is an impossible "Arabian Nights"!Let's do the math: Take China's steel production in 1977 as an example, when the annual output was 23.7 million tons.At that time, a foreign evaluation center calculated that China would have to spend 40 billion U.S. dollars in foreign exchange to achieve the 60 million tons of steel target, or to spend 5 billion U.S. dollars per year (plus factors such as rising capital prices), and then it would be possible to achieve the goal of 60 million tons of steel in ten years. After completing this indicator.However, China’s export volume at that time was only US$9.7 billion, and it was an extremely dangerous move for the entire national economy to use half of the foreign exchange for steel production. At that time, there were only two ways to increase foreign exchange: agricultural and sideline products and A portion of oil exports.

Can these two paths work? In terms of agriculture: "Learning from Dazhai" for more than ten years, Chinese farmers have been filling rivers, cutting trees, and growing food, which has made their stomachs more and more empty, and the land vegetation has been destroyed to the point of no control.Eighteen peasants in Xiaogang Village, Anhui Province, are gestating an unprecedented peasant revolution—secretly assigning fields to households according to their fingerprints. Another way is to extract more oil.Since the discovery of Daqing Oilfield, the petroleum industry has made Mao Zedong and the Chinese people most proud and assured. Since 1964, it has not only satisfied China's own industry, people's life and national defense, but also freed up some production every year. The exchange of exports for foreign exchange has supported the construction of other industries in the country.Yu Qiuli and Kang Shien, former ministers of the Ministry of Petroleum, contributed a lot, so both of them successively entered the State Council as vice premiers, and at the same time served as the director of the Planning Commission and the director of the Economic Commission for a long time.

In 1977, China’s goal of becoming a modern and powerful country had been determined. However, the way China’s economy advanced became the most intense and lively collision and confrontation at that time. The collision and confrontation between the "ten-year plan" and the "adjustment, reform, rectification, and improvement" that is seemingly cold but actually gathers sprint forces.The former obviously has too many "Left" imprints, while the latter implements the spirit of "seeking truth from facts".However, the question of which of the two is more correct and has the upper hand will all come to the result of the confrontation in 1978.

Therefore, 1978 became particularly turbulent and thrilling! This kind of storm with obvious traces of epoch-making, especially for oil people, feels its thrilling and turbulent waves.The oil people in New China were brought out by "Yu and Kang" (Yu Qiuli, Kang Shien).Since the discovery and development of the Daqing Oilfield, "Yu and Kang" have been in the oil industry just like "Zhu and Mao" in the Jinggangshan period. They established the oil camp of New China. At this time, the peasant revolution was still breeding small whirlwinds in the remote and backward Xiaogang Village of Anhui and Taizhou in eastern Zhejiang, but did not form a storm.As the "leader" of the industrial front and the lifeline of the national economy, the oil industry has become the center of the unavoidable collision and confrontation formed by the above two policies.

Any avoidance is useless.China's economic giant is about to set sail, and the oil flagship must go first.Therefore, the issue of whether and how to deal with Western oil companies' entry into China's territorial waters became the first incident of my country's opening up to the outside world 30 years ago.The process is tortuous and exciting!If history does not record this period of time, it will be a serious deficiency in the history of China's reform and opening up.