Chapter 8 blood stained wujin country

——Since the 16th century, when Westerners reached the Indian Ocean through exploration, they never dreamed that there was a rich place in the eastern half of the earth.Gold is everywhere here, so after entering the 17th and 18th centuries, Westerners even spared no effort to empty their treasury, and sent expeditionary forces one after another to travel across the oceans and come to the Eastern world.Those curly-haired, high-nosed foreigners are not only interested in the mountains and water here, but more importantly, they are increasingly interested in the countless inexhaustible treasures buried underground.

In 1848, Lieutenant Commander Gordon of the British Navy was the first to lead a warship on an island in a corner of the eastern world——Taiwan, and discovered a large number of Ugin.So, I returned to China and wrote an article, claiming that China in the east is a kingdom of Ugin: there is enough coal for human use for a hundred years, and the underground coal reserves in China are indeed enough for the world.China is a veritable kingdom of Wujin, and this black crown was worn until the 1970s.People still think so.However, in the 1980s, the Chinese, who had always been proud of the Majin Kingdom, began to sing a melancholy serenade.China's coal production is declining day by day, and by the year 2000, my country's coal resources will be in crisis.Large-scale news such as Xinhua News Agency, TV stations, and People's Daily continue to appear.People seem to feel that after 2000, Chinese people may not be able to find kerosene, briquettes, or coal!The news released by the Ministry of Coal, which controls the country's coal production, made Dong even more uneasy: the country's raw coal production has dropped sharply every year, and the national energy shortage, which is dominated by coal, is becoming increasingly serious.Many factories and mines in many areas were closed because of this, and many cities in many areas often had power outages and water cuts.

Is the Kingdom of Ugin really dead?Are China's coal reserves and state-owned coal mines really exhausted? no.Although China's coal resources are in short supply due to excessive social demand, my country is still one of the largest coal storage and mining countries in the world.Officials from the state mines department said so. So, why coal production has taken a seemingly irreversible slide3 Here is a number that explains it: 790,000 townships across the country.Small coal wells have entered the state-run coal mining area, of which there are about 440,000 unlicensed small coal wells.

I shook my head, so the official further explained: That is to say, there are an average of more than 100 small mines in the state-run mines to compete with the state-controlled coal mines.The food intake and appetite of these small mines are much higher than those of the state-run mines.You said, in the face of so many powerful opponents, the Wujinyu Kingdom will not completely collapse in the end? I finally get it, another huge exclamation point of course. Coal, black Ugin, after entering the industrial revolution, it has almost become the driving force of human beings: history, since Watt invented the steam engine, no country in the world has left it for a day, it has its own unique advantages—unlike other minerals Resources need to be refined and processed again and again to become the darling of industrial production.

The development of minerals by human beings is nothing more than the development of coal.It is simple and convenient, even if you use primitive stone tools and iron tools, you can easily obtain them. It undoubtedly provides rare convenience for farmers in Zhonglu who lack mining knowledge and have few mechanical facilities. In 1988, 32.5 billion tons of coal were produced illegally, according to official figures.But the reality is much farther.Can you count the people who are next to the coal mountain, those mountain people whose houses are on the coal seam, and who can carry a few tubes of black gold with a single shovel?There are 790,000 coal mines in countless villages and towns, but how many mountain people have been living and getting rich by relying on Ujin for many years? 0 million?million?Ten million?It will not be a monograph.1/3 of China's population lives in mountainous areas, and 1/3 of this 1/3 sleeps on Ukin. Can you figure out whether it is millions or tens of millions?

The coal power has nourished many subjects.There are many places where a drop of water is as expensive as oil, and one mu of land cannot grow three catties of rice.If they don't want to get rich, but want to have fuel to boil a pot of water, people have to go to the mountains to dig kilns to get coal erbium!And they later found out that these black stones are really valuable Ujin. If you dig for a day, since you can exchange for a month or half a year's wages, why not think that there are such stones under your feet.Anyone can do it as long as they are smart. Almost everyone in Qitaihe thinks so, this is a city born/prospered by coal.The black stone made the barren source of Mudanjiang a new city!The black stone has made the people of this new city have a happy yesterday and today.Relevant information shows that this medium field, originally called Boli, is one of the only three protective development mining areas in my country, with large reserves and high-quality coal... It is said that it was in Tsarist Russia!There are two places that the old Maoyu who come to North China are interested in.One is Mohe/Nare Guangjin, and the other is Boli, which produces Wujin.Although gold is precious, Ugin is sometimes more useful than gold. The Russians who drove a steam train to the Far East to seek gold could not return to Moscow with gold that even bent their necks, but they could take Ugin and drive the steam train back to Moscow. Continental Europe.

Qitaihe is definitely a beautiful mine. There are 292 highlands in Lushan alone.In winter, the forged and plain-covered hilltops are really beautiful. The hilltops of Lushan Mountain are not only beautiful, but also more attractive because there are oily coal seams under the thin plain clothes.The coal, black and black, looks like it is about to flow oil, and a spark of a match can ignite a raging flame.The Lushan mining area has a radius of more than 40 kilometers, with a preliminary survey of 20.2 million tons of coal reserves, and a total of 7 coal seams.Among the locals, there is a layer of frost, and coal can be seen in a hole dug with a shovel.Since coal is useful and can be exchanged for money, the people of Qitaihe will naturally not give up this advantage of making a fortune easily.You don't have to take risks like a gold digger, and you don't have to work so hard to see the yellow after thousands of sifting.I don't know when someone dug a shovel of coal in the mine and drilled the first well.So, the peasants who wiped off the soil came, the workers who suspended their jobs without pay came, and the blind people who were alone, alone or with their families came... In a blink of an eye, Qitai River was like a piece of roasted pork just out of the pot. Attracted countless diners, so you have a chopsticks and a bowl, three times five divisions, and within a few days, this land that has been silent for thousands of years suddenly became noisy.At first there were a dozen or so people, then hundreds or thousands of people... People held shovels and pickaxes, carried baskets and wooden baskets on their shoulders, and threw cotton trousers on the ground, counting it as a self-reliant territory. The 912 small coal mines have not been used for a long time, and they have set up camp here without much expense.

Look, what if Xie Jin came here to shoot the little Japanese in the 1980s who caught laborers and carried coal! For movies, you can save a lot of money on the set.No makeup, no props, everything is ready-made!Anyone who comes here for the first time will say this in his heart at the first glance. When the Western world began to install large-scale electronic computers in the coal mining industry and implement fully automatic control of mining, the original human backing in China achieved unprecedented development in the mid-1980s.Standing at the mouth of the well, looking straight down, there is no safety device, not even the most basic safety rope.There is only one stone ladder that only takes up one-tenth of the width of the well enclosure, and sends the coal diggers with heavy loads on their shoulders to the wellhead in full daylight—that is to say, people leave the well.Generally, it can only mine shallow coal seams with a vertical depth of 50 meters and an oblique length of more than 100 meters.Leave the deep mining to the state-run, what we want is coal, real coal, coal that can be turned into money!Mining Roll chanted frantically.

A few years ago, Qitaihe was just a little-known border town. Even after it was officially confirmed as a prefecture-level city in Heilongjiang Province, the power of municipal management was still very limited.This is how coal mine management works here.The State Economic Commission, the Planning Commission, the Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources, and the Ministry of Coal used to have a No. 78 document.There are three main ideas in the document: first, the Qitaihe coalfield resources are managed by the Northeast Inner Mongolia Coal Industry United Company; second, the governments at all levels in Heilongjiang Province have the right to strengthen the guidance of the coalfield's mine management; third, the supervision and management of the coalfield belongs to the geological and mining department .These three checkpoints are like layers of strict checkpoints. Shiqing made the Qitaihe coalfield a state where everyone controls and no one cares.This allows miners who are good at drilling and operating have enough room to maneuver.However, the three giants, the Northeast Inner Mongolia Coal Industry Joint Company, the local government, and the geological and mining department, which are clearly authorized to manage, give full play to their advantages in terms of power and exercise their mining approval rights indefinitely.Big power is at the top, and small power is at the bottom. Within a few days, 21 units in the small Qitai River were issuing coal mining licenses.As a result, anyone who wants to go to the mountain to mine coal can obtain a legal mining license through relationships.A bank from another county wanted to build mines and mine coal here, but the Qitaihe local government rejected this outsider.The Department of Geology and Mining has also taken special measures to prevent it from entering the treasure land.The bank was irritated and gave a free loan of 3 million yuan to a unit that has the right to issue mining licenses. It turned around and raised flags for the joint efforts of three nearby counties in the Qitaihe mining area. Donkey Kong.

Hey, if I don't nod my head, I don't want to get a little bit of coal if you come here!Here, wealth is more deterrent than power. Mishan City Cotton Spinning Factory has suffered from stagnant production in the past few years. The head of the factory finally got a mining license, and more than 20 young men who were able to carry coal in the whole factory were organized to go up the mountain.However, the first night's bed was still warm, and a group of heavenly soldiers and generals beat these young men into a daze, and fled down the mountain without even caring about their bedding and luggage.

A new mine owner who claimed to have a good background came to Lanju Village, and he said arrogantly that he would fight Qitaihe with the Eight King Kong within ten days.The young man hadn't been in the mine for half a day before he was roasted alive by the raging ground fire and turned into a scorched meatloaf.It turned out that the opponent quietly sent someone to sneak into his mine, set fire to it and slipped away.The coal in Qitaihe is almost all combustible anthracite, fat gas coal and coking coal.The ground fire burns endlessly, so that the ground does not grow grass in summer and is not covered with snow in winter. If you want to live a prosperous life in peace, first go to our temple to worship three times!The king kong on the top of the mountain made no secret of their power. As a result, those around Qitaihe who wanted to dream of Wujin on the coal mountain all realized a truth. Although Qitaihe is a country without a monarch, if they want to gain a foothold, they must first rely on an indestructible king. unit of strength.Ever since, in a short period of time, in Qitaihe, there was a wave of party and government leading agencies, industry and commerce, banks, taxation, public security and other units that may or may not come forward to set up coal mines in the whole society.This heat turned this coalfield kingdom, which had been in a state of anarchy for a long time, but was still intact, into a mixed Panhou Dageng. The order is to rectify small coal mines, there must be no ambiguity.The order came from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council.Although the main leaders of the city knew that the actions they were going to take were in vain, but as the new municipal party committee, how much they wanted to show their hands to the province and the central government by rectifying small coal mines.Sadly, as soon as the hands were revealed, the City Resources Bureau received six threatening letters within three days of this operation.The letter said that whoever has the ability to walk up the mountain, they will explode him for burial.What is a burst funeral?Throw dynamite or put it in your briefcase; or put it under your bed or in the office, and it will blow you to death!Engineer Liu of the Resources Bureau only showed up at the mining area in Lanbang Village. At night, someone from the sub-mine office where he lived brutally attacked him by throwing 16 bricks in a minute. Who dares to fart on the mining area? It scares away the officials, and makes the coal miners happy!The mine owners specially organized a special celebration party for this purpose. In the symphony played frequently with wine glasses, they announced: Mingfu, we will occupy all the coal fields in Qitaihe! As a result, in recent years, the two main mining areas of Beiguo Media City, which was born because of coal and closed because of coal, have suffered devastating damage respectively.Of course, while the people who mined black gold obtained a large amount of banknotes that could not be used up in a few lifetimes, they also paid a huge price.In 1988 alone, 120 people died in this palm-sized area... Although Qitaihe City has kept this powerful black tide at a low level, the vivid and terrifying scenes are still lingering in people's memories .Although we are shocked by this, the coal in Qitaihe and the coal diggers in Qitaihe are like the coal in Shanxi and the coal diggers in Shanxi. Whether it is yesterday or today, it is simply nothing. Shanxi is China's coal capital, and its coal production accounts for as much as one-fifth of the country's coal production.For decades, it has been the main energy province of the Republic.However, in recent years, illegal mining and coal mining here is also the most serious place in the country.According to the statistics of the provincial mine management department, there are more than 7,300 small coal mines in Shanxi, with an annual output of more than 92 million tons of coal, which is equivalent to one-tenth of the coal output of the entire country and one-third of the coal output of private mines in the country. as many as one.Behind these two numbers, it seems that it is not difficult for us to imagine the fierce competition between the unusual small private mining mines and the state-run mines in the Ugin Kingdom! Lu'an Mining Bureau, one of the seven major mining bureaus in Jin State, is a typical mining area. In the 40 years after liberation, every inch of land in Lu'an has made extraordinary contributions to the construction of the Republic. Wang Senhao, the governor of Shanxi Province who went out from here, opened a coal cutter in the Lu'an mine. What is Lu'an like today? I found that people in Shanxi no longer glow when they talk about Yi'an as in the past.This thing coal, when it is no longer used to burn, can blacken the whole world!A big black man with coal stars all over his face said in a buzzing voice. Chewing carefully, it is meaningful. Farmers who had never thought of getting rich, went to the state-run mining area to dig a load of coal just to heat the pots and kangs in their homes.Later, I bought a few loads for relatives and friends from other places; then I bought a few cars for friends from other counties and provinces; The production methods of nylon clothes, even color TVs and cars with red units are primitive, but the purpose of production belongs to the scope of the industrial revolution.It is impossible for the country to give these small coal cellars and small mines any form of investment and convenience.As a result, farmers threw away their hoes and began to become artisanal coal miners.They don't have so much deep pockets and a large number of machinery and equipment, but they have their advantages.This advantage is the local power of village union villages and township union townships.Its development was like a wildfire in a coal field, and within a short time, raging fires in small agricultural mining coal mines were ignited in the area of ​​the Lu'an Mining Bureau.The locals called this coal mining team the 100th Unit. In the history of the establishment of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, there has never been such a unit numbered 100, which is vivid and vivid, with two baskets on one shoulder pole. The small coal mines in Shanxi were dug out like this.Don't underestimate this army. The tunnel warfare it uses not only plunges the state-run mine into a state of full-scale people's war, but also puts it in an atmosphere of soldiers approaching the city at all times. The pain in the corners and periphery of the Lu'an Mine was the most pressing issue at the beginning. An area of ​​18 square kilometers in a certain work area was originally planned as a reserve reserve for the Seventh Five-Year Plan.However, this year, when the leaders of the Bureau of Mines were about to bring this fist into the capital to present themselves proudly to the prime minister and ministers, the fist no longer existed. From Lizhuang in the northwest corner to Xushui Village in the southeast corner, there are a total of 17 shafts, large and small, and 11 tunnels. The actual excavation area exceeds 14 square kilometers! What do you mean, all our back warehouses have been dug?The mine manager couldn't help but gasped.Yesterday, at the Provincial Coal Work Conference, he had to compete with Yangquan, Xishan, Jincheng, Fenxi and other brothers in No. 7 and No. 5 middle schools.But now, due to the loss of this powerful straight right punch, Lu'an will undoubtedly lose in the socialist competition boxing ring. keep!When did Lu'an Mine learn this trick?Governor Wang Senhao patted the director of Lu'an Mining Bureau on the shoulder during the meeting break, and said half-truth.He walked out of the coal pile in Lu'an, and he knew every inch of the earth pond there like a finger. However, today is not what it used to be. Those villagers who accidentally stepped on public coal and had to fight privately for three days to criticize repairs, now pull back baskets and carts without feeling the slightest blush. When the entrepreneurs of Lu'an Mine looked back at the fist behind them, the only thing they could do was put on a smiling face and dedicate it to the farmers brothers and brothers without hesitation. Big brother compliments. Without a fist, I had to rely on my body to support it.Luqiu Mine had no choice but to come up with a general mobilization: dig deep into the potential and ensure quality and quantity.The central idea is to make a fuss about the existing main mining area, and strive to complete and exceed the annual production targets for the Seventh Five-Year Period. Regardless of long-term considerations, but from the immediate perspective, the coal reserves in Lu'an's main mining area can still live a few years with peace of mind.The steamed bun in the palm of the hand, the watermelon under the buttocks, they should not run away!The mine manager of Shigejie Mine is full of optimism. It's time to do more practical things for everyone!The mine manager was also thinking about this problem while lying on the bed.In the past few years, the life of the workers in the mine has been hard enough.The country's energy resources are in short supply, and the tasks imposed by the higher authorities are getting heavier year by year, but the lives of the miners are declining year by year.No, the wages have not increased, but the prices of radishes and potatoes have doubled.That day, an old gray miner ran to his office, fell to his knees, and begged the mine manager to give him a room, or he would die here on the spot.It turned out that this old miner had a son who was assigned to the Lu'an Bureau after graduating from university. He has been working in the mine for 30 years and still lives in a dilapidated house of 12 square meters.Last week, my son found a girl with great difficulty, and it was agreed that once we got married, the girl would be satisfied with the young man who was a college student, but as soon as he stepped into the humble house of his in-laws, his heart would be really cold.house!Don't even think about getting married without a house!The girl's words seemed to throw a hanging rope to the family, and the mine manager's heart sank: How many workers like this are there in the mine!A large kang, a quilt, and an old house—this is the entire family property of many miners in the coal city. Last year, the mine manager had the honor to visit abroad as a delegation of Chinese coal miners. When he returned to the mine to report to the workers, he only said half a sentence: We Chinese coal miners are worthy of the team.I can't say anything after that. Instead of comparing with those western countries, just compare with the neighboring Soviet Union.Donbass, in the USSR, is as important in the country's coal industry as Shanxi in China.Coking coal in the USSR 40 came from the Donbass.But the miners here are the highest-paid and most enviable occupations among the thirty-six industries.A young miner can earn 700 rubles a month, more than ministers and academicians.In the coal mine hall, a cold appetizer, hot soup, main dish, sweets, and drinks for a full lunch cost only 3 rubles! And some miners in China's coal capital still live in the old kilns left by the Japanese, whistling hard steamed buns and pickles... Coal miners cannot do without coal if they want to improve their lives.Only by mining more coal can more economic benefits be obtained.In the past few years, the tasks on everyone's shoulders have been heavy enough. The mine manager feels uncomfortable looking at the malnourished faces, but what can he do?What he was thinking of was another account: mining an extra one million tons this year would build a dormitory for the workers!The mine manager set a high and difficult coal production target against his will, and the workers sweated a lot without saying a word, not for themselves! However, the dreams of the mine manager and miners were all shattered by a shocking explosion. It's on fire!Run for your life!Cries for help echoed throughout the Shigejie minefield. When the miners panicked and crawled out of the tunnel, teachers and students rushed out of the classroom. When the night shift workers who were resting woke up from their dreams, the hillside The wellheads in the playground, on the playground, and in the residential area have already been on fire. The cold tap water in Maokou has now turned into boiling water with a temperature as high as 98 degrees. The fire pit is too hot to lie down and the coal well is on fire!The most terrible thing on the coal field finally happened!This is the calamity demon commonly known as the ground fire! ... The underground coal seam was originally a closed fuel field. When people dug holes and dug wells and tunnels, a large amount of carbon dioxide began to seep into the closed fuel field. , Once ignited, it will be difficult for human beings to conquer. In May 1962, 160 kilometers northwest of the United States, such a disaster occurred in Thalia. Smoke was generated in every gap on the ground, and fire was found in the holes. The smell of sulfur filled the air, and the whole city was full of smoke. The people on the ground are like oil cakes stuck on the baking pan, and within a few minutes, the bone marrow will be fried out!The government mobilized a large number of drilling rigs to try to go straight to the coal seam, dig wells and inject water to put out the ground fire.But this plan not only failed, but increased the fire.Because after the water is roasted by the fire, it is decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen, and the fire caused destruction to the coal field is by no means an example. This disaster should never, never should have happened to the difficult Lu'an Mining Bureau. The cause of the fire was quickly found out: it was the small coal kiln of Huojiagou farmers who crossed the border and opened up the roadway of the state-run mine, causing a major fire... How many coal resources were burned?No one can calculate.Because any coal field cannot be exhausted by manual mining.And the ground fire can just burn out the coal seams that are connected one by one. The dream of thousands of miners in the Shigejie Mine turned into a yellow beam, and even lost all their money.A fire caused a direct economic loss of 28.13 million yuan!It seems that the miners without houses will have no hope in a few years, while the miners who have houses found that there are cracks in the walls of their houses... Even those who have houses have to relocate and become homeless. The miners hold high the iron rods and levers, trying to fight the miners in small mines in towns and villages.Just after the wind was released, Huojiagou Village called in 10 times as many folks as the miners to fight against the giant clams.Poor miners choose between wealth and life. We don't care that much!If it is burned, it belongs to the state-run mine, and if it is not burned, it is reserved for us to make a fortune and marry a concubine!The miners gained power in one step, and they made a living every step of the way, and You'an Mine began to collapse from then on: At the same time, other key mining bureaus in Shanxi suffered the same fate, so that the issue of small coal mines in Shanxi villages and towns, which has always been affirmed by the central government, had to be addressed by the prime minister!new assessment. Once on February 29, the State Council issued a notice requesting that all kinds of small wells in the state-owned coal mines under construction and production should be immediately cleaned up and rectified in accordance with the law. On May 26, Shanxi Tan Township Mine Rectification Office was established and made a decision: Immediately close and fill indiscriminately excavated private mines within the range of state-owned coal mines, and unconditionally withdraw small coal mines that cross the border and over-rise, and build a permanent airtight wall. But it happened too late.I appreciate that this is not all true, but all of a sudden, the terrible noise that Shanxi has no coal to pull can be heard everywhere! Coal is tight!The whole country was thrown into a panic. In the second half of 1988, China's coal supply from south to north was completely out of balance, and the provincial governors and ministers had to change their strategic deployment. The big coal country will soon announce that the 2000 plan will be shattered due to the lack of coal! China's modernization process will be postponed for 30 years due to energy shortage! ——Foreign newspapers have commented that China, with its billions of people, will not be exposed tomorrow. The meal is still being eaten, but people find that the vegetables in the basket are more expensive than yesterday, and the number and time of eating electricity are more and longer than before. From now until the end of this century, China's coal supply and demand tension is a foregone conclusion!Wangxue Mine is unable to tap the potential more effectively, and the reconstruction and expansion of some key mining bureaus in the area has lost practical significance due to the destruction of small private mines. The mourning music of the Wujin Kingdom has been played slowly in Mingzhou. On the black body, there are pieces of bright red blood spots, together with life, burning endlessly on the loess soil...