Chapter 6 Chapter 2 Blue Symphony

Regarding Chongqing, no matter what words you use to describe its characteristics, God has already cast her into a city of mountains and rivers that is inseparable from rivers and waters.The mountain is the city, and the city is the mountain.The city walks on the water, and the water runs through the city.This is the geographical feature of Chongqing, which is incomparable to countless metropolises in the world. Where there is "unique beauty", there must be a unique and dangerous road. After the sound of gongs and drums to celebrate the establishment of the municipality, the calm Chongqing people found that their road to the "direct jurisdiction" was actually more difficult than the "Shu road" in the mountain city——

With an area of ​​82,300 square kilometers, except for the main urban area, most of them are vast and poor mountains and rivers.It is said to be vast because there is no megacity in the world as large as Chongqing Municipality.The area of ​​a city can extend beyond 1,000 kilometers, except for Chongqing.It is said to be poor because there are more than 80% of the rural population in a city, and among the 80% of the agricultural population, there are 12 national-level key poverty-stricken counties and 8 provincial-level poverty-stricken counties, with a total of 3.6642 million poor people People, in these places, how poor people are, the people of the country and the world can't imagine: the agricultural method is slash-and-burn farming, living in caves and grottoes, and eating stone mills for picnics...

This was the case in the countryside in the early days of Chongqing Municipality, and the situation in the main urban area was not much better. Millions of people are basically squeezed into a palm-sized island in Yuzhong.The only road connected to the outside world is the "Chengdu-Chongqing Expressway" that has just been repaired, and the traffic jam in the entire main urban area of ​​Chongqing is so congested that Mayor Pu Haiqing can't bear it. If all the participants can arrive at 9:30, that is Amitabha.Once, a person in charge of the district government arrived at 10:30.The mayor was so angry that he wanted to scold: It's almost lunch time, what are you doing here?The district cadre said to the mayor with a sad face, "I left home before 8 o'clock, but there was a traffic jam all the way. When I arrived at Yuanjiagang, I couldn't walk at all... The mayor said nothing."That's right, Chongqing is so ugly, if we don't change it quickly, who are we worthy of?What face do we have to call a municipality directly under the Central Government?

Zhang Delin, the secretary of the municipal party committee, usually has a dignified appearance, and people say that he is dignified and full of spirit, but every time the municipal party committee holds a standing committee meeting, what he can't bear the most is that the room is so cold that his whole body is shivering. "What I can't bear the most is wearing a military overcoat when the Standing Committee is held."When he met Ye Ming, who had just been transferred from Heilongjiang to Chongqing to serve as the director of the Electric Power Bureau, the first thing he said was to complain.

But at the beginning of the establishment of Chongqing Municipality, the most difficult thing was that there was no money. At this time, in addition to the 3.66 million poor rural people in Chongqing who have no food to eat, there are still more than 1 million enterprise workers who have not received their wages, and more than 80% of the state-owned enterprises are still suffering large losses... No wonder Pu Haiqing The first time I saw Premier Li Peng bring so many "God of Wealth" from the government departments of the country, he stretched out his hand like a cannonball and asked for money, which made the Prime Minister angrily reprimand, "You, Pu Haiqing, stop talking!"

It’s not that the officials of the central government don’t understand Chongqing, but the central government also has difficulties. What is the purpose of making Chongqing a municipality directly under the Central Government?It is for you to give full play to the regional advantages of the megacity of Chongqing and become the economic center of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River!What is an economic center?Of course, it is an economic pole with strong economic strength that can drive and radiate to the surrounding areas.Your economic center only knows how to ask the central government for money. Why do you want a municipality directly under the Central Government?

However, Zhang Delin and Pu Haiqing, the two leaders in charge of the municipality directly under the central government, can't do without crying for poverty.With the city's 6 billion or so in finance, there is still a shortage of jobs for cadres and workers in all levels of party and government agencies, science, education, culture, health and other industries. The mayor and secretary can reach out to the common people instead of the central government? After being reprimanded by the Prime Minister, Mayor Pu Haiqing really turned around and reached out to the people—— The establishment of the municipality directly under the Central Government of Chongqing must have a decent place to hold a celebration meeting.where to put?Naturally put it in the most famous Chongqing Great Hall of the People!Because this is the most representative and highest official activity site in Chongqing, such as the magnificent building of the Temple of Heaven in Beijing, which was a major landmark built by Deng Xiaoping and He Long when they were in charge of the Southwest Bureau.But more than forty years have passed, it looks old and worn out, and needs to be repaired.

What should I do if I have no money? "If there is no money, we will take the lead in donating money and mobilize the masses to donate!" The secretary and the mayor had exactly the same views on this issue.Therefore, before and after the establishment of the municipality directly under the Central Government, the first thing that inspired the fighting spirit and belief of the people in the city was the actual action of donating money to build the People's Square.As a result, a spiritual civilization construction activity with donations as the specific action and the theme of "knowing the new Chongqing, loving the new Chongqing, and building a new Chongqing" was vigorously launched in the new municipality...

"We can still vividly remember that scene. Everyone was very enthusiastic. Although we were not rich, it was said that we were willing to do our part to build People's Square and our own new Chongqing. Our whole family donated money. ’ a citizen told me.His family donated 2,000 yuan at that time, but his family had a total savings of less than 4,000 yuan. The upsurge of donations lasted for a long time, and the city received donations of more than 8 million yuan from all walks of life.Today, a marble monument is erected in a prominent place in People's Square, engraved with the names and numbers of donors at that time.

With the enthusiastic support and encouragement of the citizens, it took only two months for the builders to build the People's Square, which covers an area of ​​23,000 square meters and integrates sightseeing, leisure and entertainment, physical exercise and gatherings. This is just a prelude to the construction of "New Chongqing", followed by the construction of the Jiefangbei commercial area and the reconstruction of Chaotianmen, each of which aims to bid farewell to the dirty and chaotic and "small county" old Chongqing. Construction, under the leadership of the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government, has been rolled out in an all-round way.

The roads of the new municipality, like the roads of Shu, are steep and difficult. Ye Ming, a Northeast cadre who was transferred to the Chongqing Electric Power Industry Bureau as the director in May 1997. He was originally the deputy director of the Electric Power Industry Bureau in Heilongjiang Province. The Chongqing Electric Power Bureau is now one of the most powerful units in Chongqing. You only need to look at their towering "Chongqing Electric Industry" building on the Yuzhong Peninsula to know their strength. "But when I first came to Chongqing, the situation was completely different from what it is today." Lao Ye has a deep memory of Chongqing at that time. "In the entire urban area of ​​Chongqing, the power grid was seriously dilapidated, and the power supply was in a state of complete disorder. In the past, Sichuan Province The power department is in charge of Chongqing’s electricity. After the municipality, Chongqing’s own power system basically did not exist, and when the family was separated, others did not cut and hand over this area. Therefore, Chongqing became a city without power supply. The only power plant, due to outdated equipment In 1997, the city’s power system suffered a loss of 132 million yuan. In other provinces and cities, the electric power industry is a rich man who gathers money. Otherwise, why is it called an “electric tiger” in the society! But in Chongqing , the electrical sector is a big loss-maker, and people don't believe it." Lao Ye recalled that year with a look of dumbfounding. Director Ye is new here, and he doesn't want to be scolded by Chongqing people, but the power supply is so pitiful—Chongqing's actual power demand should be 4 million kilowatts, but the city's power resources at that time were only more than 2 million kilowatts.Chongqing is also an old industrial base. Those old factories are not very profitable, but the available electricity is like a tiger with a bloody mouth.In addition, Chongqing is also known as the "City of Stoves". In summer, power outages become a common occurrence.Don’t think that there will be no power outages in winter. Power outages in winter were also common in Chongqing at that time. What’s the reason?It's not that the circuit is aging! "The road to starting a business is steep; the process of starting a business is difficult. Sometimes it feels like the road to Shu, and it is difficult to go to the blue sky." Lao Ye said with emotion, "When I first came to Chongqing, there were only 300,000 kilowatts of units, and the main power supply in Chongqing The power plant is another rotten company that does not have an accident for three days, and on the fourth day everyone will be scared to death. Once an accident occurs in the power plant, it is a big deal! If you want to have electricity, you must first have money. Chongqing, a new municipality directly under the Central Government , but I have no money. What to do, relying on my old connections, I went to Beijing to plead with old friends and old leaders. The State Planning Commission, China Development Bank and the Ministry of Electric Power gave us loans, so I ambitiously When I came back to work in the electricity industry, the first was to transform the power grid, and the second was to build a hydropower station. At that time, there was more electricity in the country, and the state was very strict on the new power stations that were launched. However, the higher-ups did not know that Chongqing was short of electricity. Under this situation , I want to start the Majiangkou Hydropower Station and build three 100,000-kilowatt generating units. Both Secretary Zhang Delin and Mayor Pu Haiqing firmly support this project, so I will be bold. To start a sensitive project like a hydropower station in adversity is to take risks. It is risky. I am not afraid. I think the construction of power stations in Chongqing is in line with the actual situation in Chongqing. But in the specific work, many things are unimaginable. For example, we originally hired an authoritative design department, and they built a 3 billion yuan project Project budget: 3 billion, the cost is too high, I can’t accept it, so I found another design institute to plan the budget for the hydropower station, the result is that through scientific and accurate budget and construction, the entire project can be won with 1.8 billion up... "Jiangkou Hydropower Station was completed in three years. It coincided with the period of great development in Chongqing. The whole country was also developing rapidly at that time, but there was a serious power shortage in other places. However, we in Chongqing took timely measures to build Jiangkou Power Station and expand Baihe Power Plant, and completed key projects. With the renovation of Chongqing Power Plant and other measures, the power supply of the new municipality has been fundamentally changed. With electricity, cities and villages are brightened, and industries such as industry, transportation, telecommunications and education are all alive. People's lives are also improved. It has become colorful, and now the nightlife of Chongqing people is famous all over the country, because the night view of Chongqing’s mountain city is so beautiful, what does the night view depend on? Of course it depends on my electricity!” Director Ye stood up very proudly and opened the window, letting me appreciate the interview on the day The night view of Chongqing - it is really the ocean of lights, the world of lights, the beauty of lights... "In 1997, there were 5,821 power cuts in the main urban area of ​​Chongqing. By 2000, it had dropped to 82 times. In 2001, it was zero." The old director Ye Ming finally gave I have a comparable number. Like the power industry, the municipal infrastructure construction in the early days of the municipality is also advancing by leaps and bounds.For example, the investment in communications, the total investment in the first five years of the direct jurisdiction reached 20.7 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 40%, far exceeding the growth rate of the same industry in the country. Not only electricity and communications, but also the construction of infrastructure such as air ports and golden water terminals has also changed its appearance in a short period of time.Large-scale public facilities such as the Olympic Sports Center, Library, University Town, and Color TV Center Radio and Television Earth Station, Broadcasting Transmitter, Three Gorges Museum, Metropolitan Plaza, and Shapingba Green Art Plaza have also been built.Until April 2002, the third annual conference of the Asian Parliamentary Peace Association was held in Chongqing. This was the first grand event for Chongqing Municipality to show its style to the world.Representatives from 39 countries at the meeting were full of admiration for the astonishing development of China's new municipality, which was born just a few years ago. The convening of the Asian Parliament Peace Conference in Chongqing indicates that China's newly born fourth municipality will begin to show its unique and radiant style to the world... The beauty of Chongqing is a kind of stalwart and masculine beauty unique to a mountain city.If you stand at the bottom of Chaotianmen at the confluence of the Yangtze River and Jialing River and look up, you will see the undulating, towering buildings and the busy rainbow-like expressway, light rail, and left and right river piers on the Yuzhong Peninsula like a giant ship. When you get on the ship that whistles and sets sail, you will feel that this is a world where the sky and the earth are rotating together; if you look back to the south bank of the Yuzhong Peninsula, you will see the green hills and green banks that are full of greenery, and the colorful food. Fang Tea Pavilion, the riverside lamp street full of stars, you will seem to have entered another fairyland of poetry and painting with beautiful scenery... The ten years of being directly under the central government are also the most beautiful ten years in Chongqing.It is because of her beauty that everyone in Chongqing feels confident and proud. And when I say that the beauty of Chongqing is a beauty of magnificence and rapid development—this beauty is simply unbelievable. In 1994, Jiang Zemin, then general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, came to Chongqing for inspection.He quietly informed the leaders of Chongqing of the central government's strategic intention to build Chongqing into the fourth municipality directly under the Central Government.The leaders of Chongqing at that time were naturally very excited. When they asked the general secretary for advice on the future direction of Chongqing's development, the general secretary with a Shanghai accent waved his hand and said, you should work hard to build Chongqing into an economic center on the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The economic center of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River?What is this concept? That is to say, the central government hopes that Chongqing will become the most important city in the west!That is to say, we need to rapidly develop into a metropolis like Shanghai, Nanjing, and Wuhan in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and take on the role of the leader in the economic development of the western part of the country! While welcoming the excitement of the establishment of the municipality directly under the central government, people in Chongqing began to feel a little confused and lost when they began to see themselves overcrowded, with "stick and stick soldiers" carrying poles everywhere and buses traveling at the speed of cattle... Chongqing has lagged behind for decades, can it catch up with other municipalities now?If it cannot become the largest city in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, how can it take on the important task of "economic center"?Standing on the parched Chaotianmen River beach, Chongqing people crowded together in twos and threes, sighing and sighing.Looking at the dilapidated docks and the few uneven buildings that cannot be compared with Shenzhen, Shanghai and other cities, they even doubt when Chongqing will become a municipality directly under the Central Government in the true sense... The new municipality is really big, with a population of more than 30.02 million, which alone can be called the largest city in the world.However, among the 30.02 million people, only 19.1% have the status of "citizens", and 80.9% of the population is rural population, and most of them are poor people in mountainous areas!Some of these new citizens in the municipality are farmers who have never even been to the county seat in their lives. They have to ride a carriage when they go out, and live in caves and cowshed-style straw sheds... When will Chongqing catch up to the level of other municipalities directly under the Central Government has become a heavy burden on the hearts of Chongqing people. In June 1999, He Guoqiang, the new secretary of the Municipal Party Committee who was transferred from Fujian to Chongqing, came. He led the new municipal Party committee and the municipal government to put forward the new strategic decision of "prospering Chongqing and enriching the people" of "self-improvement under heavy load", which opened the real "big hand" of the construction of the municipality directly under the central government. "era.Wang Hongju, who was the executive deputy mayor at the time, was eager to try, and he had great ambitions to change the world.At this time, an economist-type leading cadre from Shanghai who was an expert in urban management came to Chongqing to take up a post. He was Huang Qifan, who later served as the deputy mayor. Mayor Wang Hongju and Executive Vice Mayor Huang Qifan, together with other city leaders, have worked together to bring Chongqing's urban construction into the fast lane. After all, people from Shanghai speak differently.The cadres in Chongqing still remember the words of the new deputy mayor Huang.Huang Qifan generally said this: Chongqing’s urban construction must catch up with the level of other municipalities directly under the central government, and it must spend at least 100 billion to 200 billion yuan every year to make a difference, and we must now work towards this direction and goal. The people of Shanghai are really good, and the cowhide can blow to the sky!There are many people who are dismissive of the new deputy mayor Huang Qifan, but after a few years, people find that everything said by this Shanghai native who once built Pudong beautifully has become a reality in Chongqing: The new municipality has really changed completely!In just a few years, a brand new Chongqing has left Chongqing people stunned... Facing such dramatic changes, people immediately think of a question: where does Chongqing get so much money to build such a beautiful city? When such a question is brought up in front of Mayor Wang Hongju and Deputy Mayor Huang Qifan, they will smile happily and tell you proudly: that is because we have successfully promoted the reform of the investment and financing system for urban construction, and With the "eight golden flowers" concrete operational measures. A new investment and financing system? What happened to "Eight Golden Flowers"? don't worry.If you want to know Chongqing, you must first see the beauty of Chongqing before you can understand it thoroughly and profoundly—— In my opinion, Chongqing New Town is actually more like a dancing rainbow. She is smooth, free and easy, graceful, dignified, lively, full of style, dazzling and bright, full of content, and the most dynamic and changing... People who come to Chongqing will have a special emotion: there are too many bridges here!It is simply a city of bridges, a world of bridges!So, when did Chongqing become the "Bridge Capital"? Hua Yusheng, CEO of Chongqing Urban Construction Investment Company, known as one of the "Eight Golden Flowers" in Chongqing, is the witness of the construction of Chongqing's "Bridge Capital". Hua Yusheng, born in 1953, is a well-known scholar engaged in economic theory research. He has served as the economics leader of Chongqing Social Science Research Institute for a long time, served as the vice president of Chongqing Economic Management Society, and one of the vice presidents of Chongqing Socialism College. job. In June 2001, at the moment of great development of the municipality directly under the central government, Hua Yusheng was transferred to Chongqing City Investment Company as the general manager. In the past five years, the urban investment company led by Hua Yusheng has achieved an "incredible" huge change like the development of Chongqing city. The company's assets have expanded from the initial 8 billion yuan to today's 46 billion yuan. The company's net assets It has also increased from 2 billion yuan to the current 17 billion yuan.Such changes and strength have made Hua Yusheng's "City Investment" the "boss" with the strongest investment strength in the field of construction in western China in the true sense, and the first to become a "growth pole" of the western economy in this field. When Hua Yusheng came to Chengtou in 2001, the situation at that time was not good.On the first day of work, his mobile phone was blown up. "At that time, among the more than 6 billion debts our company carried, there were 1.8 billion maturing debts, a considerable part of which were corporate bonds previously entrusted to securities companies. Now that they are due, the securities companies cannot get the payment from our company, so they will pay The common people who don’t come to cash in the securities, the common people don’t make a fuss! The securities company had to post a notice in the securities hall, saying that if you want money, you can find the city investment company, and then put me and the company’s financial director on the notice. The mobile phone and telephone number are all written on it. This is not bad, and those ordinary people who want to cash out their securities will desperately call me." "Securities companies are also wicked enough." The author said. "We can't blame others, the responsibility lies with us and the government." Hua Yusheng said, "Later, the government came forward to dissolve the repayment funds of this corporate bond. But since then, especially after Huang Qifan became the deputy mayor, After proposing a new idea for the reform of the investment and financing system, we have truly embarked on a new path of self-development and completely resolved the passive situation of relying on tearing down the east wall to make up for the west wall in the past.” When water flows, there will be rivers; when rivers flow, there will be lakes and seas; with lakes and seas, our world will be magnificent and colorful. Under the influence of the new investment and financing mechanism, urban investment companies have completely entered a benign state.Immediately afterwards, the city investment company reorganized the debts formed by the financing and construction of the water plant a few years ago and the municipal water affairs group at the same time. Taking advantage of the city's tap water price increase, the debts were divested to the water affairs group along with the assets that were originally out of control. The bad debts became Into a reasonable debt, and once again get rid of 800 million yuan of debt burden. In 2002, the municipal government adjusted its development strategy and gave Hua Yusheng and their urban investment company three major functions: the general channel for urban construction financing, the general account for road and bridge construction in the main urban area, and the total land reserve for urban construction funds.The new functions have given wings to the development of "City Investment".Hua Yusheng, an economist and management expert, has since then had the possibility of making "big deals". In the second half of this year, the city investment company, whose credit status has improved and has a reliable source of debt repayment funds, issued 1.5 billion yuan of ten-year corporate bonds to the whole country with the special approval of the State Council. The nationwide public offering of corporate bonds is also the first among the 12 provinces and municipalities in western China to be issued to investors across the country with the special approval of the central government and the first corporate bond to be listed and traded through the securities trading system approved by the China Securities Regulatory Commission , it marked that the city investment company began to directly raise funds from the capital market, making the construction of the new municipality integrated into the global financial market and the global economic tide... In the second half of this year, the national leaders with Hu Jintao as the general secretary began to appear in front of the world with a new look.The new generation of leaders stood at a new historical height in China's development and embarked on the voyage of the western development.As the only municipality directly under the central government in the west, Chongqing undoubtedly has a new opportunity for great development.Hua Yusheng and his city investment company seized this once-in-a-thousand-year opportunity. Relying on strong financial strength and early decision-making advantages, they frequently "live" for large projects that affect the overall development of Chongqing and the construction of the west, such as Wanzhou Airport, Qianjiang Airport, and then successfully revitalized the "Chongqing Development" and other projects. What Hua Yusheng is most proud of is that his urban investment staff participated in the construction of so many bridges that Chongqing people are proud of.From Shibanpo Bridge Double Line Bridge, to Caiyuanba Yangtze River Bridge, Jiahua Jialing River Bridge, from Yudong Yangtze River Bridge to Chaotianmen Bridge...Wherever Chengtou people dance the dragon, a boiling world will be set off, and wherever it will be presented A prosperous world. The history of bridge construction in New Chongqing is a history of urban construction, and at the same time it is a new history of bridge construction in the world. However, it is just a trickle of waves in the sea of ​​great changes since Chongqing was directly under the Central Government. The ancient Greek philosopher Archimedes said: Give me a fulcrum, and I can move the earth. Avanti, a character in Chinese folk tales, said: Give me a drop of water, and I can give you a sun. The leaders of the Chongqing Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government told the central government: Give Chongqing a policy, we can turn stones into gold, and let the Yangtze River and Jialing River become the lifeblood of the new municipality... Well, the central government’s policies, especially after the deployment of the western development strategy, “according to the requirements of the western development’s ‘connecting points with lines, connecting points with areas, and advancing with key points’, Chongqing should take the lead in the implementation of the western development strategy if conditions permit, and give full play to it. To play a bigger role and strive for greater achievements.” In the early years, Jiang Zemin encouraged Chongqing people in this way. The country's western development has given the biggest policy to the west: emancipate the mind and boldly take a path suitable for its own development. Under the background of such a policy, Chongqing people have further liberated their minds and made greater reforms than before.However, in the first few years of the establishment of a municipality directly under the Central Government, Chongqing faced far more difficult difficulties than other cities and provinces.In a word: I am shy in my pocket, but I want to make a name for myself.But ten years later, looking at the vibrant and prosperous Chongqing today, outsiders may never be able to imagine how the people of Chongqing went from a poor city to a rich city, and how to quickly and easily build the beautiful city we see. Paintings of cities and villages... The leaders of the municipal party committee and the municipal government of the new municipality have changed one after another, and each leadership has expanded their thinking and updated their concepts on the basis of the previous one.In recent years, according to the large-scale construction needs of the municipality directly under the central government, the municipal government has successively established and integrated eight investment and financing companies that implement government operation functions. They are: Chongqing Urban Construction Investment Company, Chongqing Real Estate Group Company, Chongqing Development and Investment Co., Ltd. , Chongqing Energy Investment Group Corporation, Chongqing Expressway Development Co., Ltd., Chongqing Highway Construction Investment Co., Ltd., Chongqing Water Holdings (Group) Co., Ltd., and Chongqing Construction Investment Corporation.These are the "Eight Golden Flowers" that enjoy a good reputation in Chongqing (with the establishment of Chongqing Yufu Asset Management Co., Ltd., it is now the "Nine Golden Flowers").These state-owned companies represent the government and undertake different industrial functions in urban construction. According to the modern enterprise management mechanism, they operate at full capacity and in all directions, and play a "leveraging" role for the construction and development of municipalities directly under the Central Government. He Zhiya, Chairman of Chongqing Yufu Asset Management Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Yufu Company).Before joining Yufu Company, he was the deputy secretary-general of the municipal government, and before that he was the deputy head of the Yuzhong District Government. In June 2006, the native Chongqing native was ordered to come to Yufu Company. "Chongqing has been directly under the central government for ten years, and it really deserves a big book. I am a person who has experienced and personally experienced every great change in the municipality in the past ten years, especially in terms of urban construction and development." Our interview evoked He Zhiya's He talked eloquently, "The amount we invest in fixed assets in Chongqing now is several times that of the early days of the direct control. In 2006, it was close to 250 billion! This was unimaginable in the past. In the past few years, we built a It usually takes six or seven years to build a large bridge, but now five super-large bridges on the Yangtze River and Jialing River are being built in the main urban area of ​​Chongqing at the same time, with an investment of more than 12 billion yuan. Don’t you think this kind of change is earth-shaking?” He Zhiya is a scholar at heart, and when he talked about the time when Chongqing spent 12 billion yuan to build a bridge a year, the pupils behind the two glasses flashed with uncontrollable excitement and excitement. Didn't it mean that when Chongqing was established as a municipality directly under the Central Government, it was so poor that it didn't have much financial resources to use?Doesn't it mean that the economic strength of the "fourth municipality directly under the Central Government" is not as good as that of a medium-sized regional city along the coast?Why does Chongqing have so much money to invest in infrastructure in just a few years?It's a mystery. Unraveling this mystery has to be found from the actual operation effect of the "Eight Golden Flowers".Let's dissect it from Chongqing Yufu—— Chongqing Yufu was not included in the earlier "Eight Golden Flowers".Chongqing Yufu Company was listed on March 18, 2004, but its development is extremely astonishing.At that time, after the municipal government approved its establishment, like several other "golden flowers", it was managed by the Municipal State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, and it was a key state-owned enterprise in the city.The municipal government formed such an asset management company with the state-owned equity held by the Municipal Finance Bureau and the assessed state-owned land assets of 1 billion yuan.The government granted Yufu three functions: first, strategic restructuring of state-owned enterprises (mainly debt restructuring and asset restructuring); second, land acquisition and management; third, strategic investment. "Only 3 years after the establishment of the company, Yufu's assets have grown to 15 billion yuan! This alone is enough to show that the city government's decision-making at that time was wise and correct." He Zhiya proudly revealed his wealth. "It's so amazing!" Reminiscent of the landmark buildings and public cultural venues that have had a huge impact on the new Chongqing during the interviews, the author can't help but feel extremely amazed from the bottom of my heart: a company spends three years Isn't it a miracle that time works successfully and does a lot of great things? It is worth mentioning that after the establishment of Yufu Company, it played a role in digesting the non-performing assets of state-owned enterprises, and played an important role in driving the economic take-off of Chongqing's state-owned enterprises. We know that Chongqing, as the fourth municipality directly under the central government of the Republic, has a weak foundation and a poor foundation, especially the industrial economic benefits are very backward. It was not until 2000 that the city turned losses into profits.However, during the period when state-owned enterprises turned losses into profits in three years, the 32 billion non-performing assets approved by the state for debt-to-equity swaps and debt divestitures have not been effectively disposed of; in addition, a large amount of historical non-performing assets before 1999 were not included in the asset company’s disposal due to quota restrictions at that time And stranded in the four major state-owned commercial banks, of which Chongqing Industrial and Commercial Bank alone has 15.7 billion. In 2003, the municipal government negotiated with ICBC and proposed to dispose of ICBC's 15.7 billion non-performing assets by repurchasing equity and debt in a packaged and discounted manner. ICBC was naturally very happy and supported this idea.But when it comes to specific disposal, the negotiations are extremely tense and difficult.Of course, the banks want higher profits, while the government wants lower profits.In the end, it is the common "municipality interests" that make the government and the bank reach a consensus.It was later reported to the central government, approved by Premier Wen Jiabao and Vice Premier Huang Ju, and given an average compensation rate of 22.5%, which pleased the Chongqing municipal government, enterprises, and banks. "However, these 15.7 billion non-performing assets involve more than 1,160 companies. If all the institutions of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China in the city want to negotiate with these more than 1,000 companies that have debt relationships one by one, they will negotiate to resolve this more than 10 billion yuan. Non-performing assets, I don’t know how long it will be delayed! And the cost will be huge, and there will be a lot of tails that have not been disposed of. In response to this situation, the municipal government has repeatedly studied and discussed, and finally decided to form an asset management company. Specialized in this work, Yufu Company came into being under such circumstances.” He Zhiya introduced the birth process of “Yufu”. The newly established Yufu Company has a heavy burden. The original intention of its name is to make Chongqing rich, but when it does real work, it is responsible for dealing with debts.There are more than a thousand state-owned enterprises, large and small, how to deal with them? "Rely on market-oriented operation methods." He Zhiya replied, "According to the plan approved by the central government, the original non-performing assets of 15.7 billion yuan will cost 3 billion yuan at an average compensation rate of 22.5%! First of all, we must get these 30 billion yuan. 100 million yuan? The government has already said that it will not get this money from the finance department. It can only rely on market operations and independent financing by the company.” "3 billion yuan is not a small amount, where are you going to raise your own money?" "In addition to 15.7 billion non-performing loans, 5 billion can be digested by other policies, and there are 10.7 billion. This 10.7 billion needs to be purchased from banks with more than 2 billion funds. At that time, there were two ways: one was to rely on low costs The second is to rely on bank loans. At that time, trust product financing was not yet mature, and banks were afraid of taking risks, so the only way was bank loans. So through the support and coordination of the municipal government, the company obtained a market-oriented loan from the National Development Bank , more than 2 billion yuan of non-performing loan repurchase funds required by the company have been put in place, making it possible for us to operate. On this basis, we will fully adopt the principle of specialization to dispose of all non-performing assets of enterprises that need to be repurchased .The first batch of 117 municipal-level enterprises, with a total of 8 billion debts, Yufu Company used 1.7 billion funds to recover the debts and equity from the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, and disposed of them to the enterprises at a basically equal price. By the end of 2004, this work It is basically completed, and the banks and enterprises are very satisfied. Most of the mortgaged land and houses involved, as well as machinery and equipment worth 1 billion yuan, were also repurchased by the original enterprise. At the beginning of 2005, the debts of 548 district and county-level enterprises were also repurchased in this way. The basic disposal has been successfully completed..." "I heard that Chongqing Yufu's approach has been appreciated by the World Bank?" "Yes. The World Bank is very concerned and has called Chongqing's operating model Chongqing's 'Yufu model'." The chairman, who was born as an urban construction expert and is now engaged in investment, financing and economic work, asked me to remember that Chongqing is a "special point": "This special point is about the housing prices in Chongqing. The housing prices in Chongqing are not high. It is you It is about one-third of that of Beijing. However, the cost of building buildings in Chongqing is actually higher than that of ordinary cities. It is a mountain city, and houses are built on hillsides, and the increase in housing prices is basically parallel to the increase in residents’ living income. One of the important The reason is that the municipal government, including Yufu, has a reasonable control and operation of land resources through state-owned companies with primary land reserve functions. The housing prices in Chongqing are indeed a blessing to ordinary people. It should be said that this is also Chongqing is an achievement of implementing the scientific concept of development in the process of municipal construction. However, the housing prices in Chongqing are showing a steady upward trend, and the development of Chongqing's entire economy is also showing a steady upward trend. It makes Chongqing rise like a new sun , full of vigor and vitality!" How well said!In terms of urban investment and financing, the leaders of the Chongqing Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government made a scientific decision in line with the market rules. Didn’t it bring a new sun to the new municipality? Today's Chongqing is like a new sun. The light of the new sun is colorful and vivid, passionate and unrestrained, and every ray of light carries golden depth and nobility.