Chapter 4 The third chapter divides and encircles Pingjin Zhang

The entry of the Northeast Field Army, together with the more than 400,000 North China Field Army, has formed an absolute advantage over the more than 500,000 people of the Fu Zuoyi Group scattered in Ping, Tianjin, and Zhangzhou. The Central Military Commission ordered the Northeast Field Army to strategically encircle and divide the Fu Zuoyi Group before it entered the customs, cut off its southward retreat and westward retreat, and turned the enemy from a "bird of fright" into a "bird in a cage". Realize the purpose of suppressing and annihilating North China on the spot.

After Fu Zuoyi learned the news that the Northeast People's Liberation Army had entered the customs on a large scale, he felt that the communication between Pingjing and Tianjin was in danger of being cut off, so he once again reduced his troops, adjusted his deployment, implemented divisional defense, and strengthened the defense forces of Beiping, Tianjin and Tanggu. The specific deployment yes: With Li Wen, the commander of the Fourth Corps and the commander of the Beiping defensive area, abandon Nankou, Changping, Tongxian, and Wanping, and concentrate our forces to defend Beiping; Hou Jingru, the commander of the 17th Corps and the commander of the Jintang Defense Zone, abandoned Tangshan, Lutai, and Hangu, withdrew the 86th and 87th armies to Tianjin and Tanggu respectively, and ordered the 62nd army to retreat from Beiping. Return to defend Tianjin, and defend Tianjin and Tanggu with concentrated forces.

The troops deployed in various places are as follows: Beiping area: North China "Suppression General" headquarters directly under the 31st, 35th, 101st, and 104th; the 16th Army of the Fourth Corps; the 13th Army of the Ninth Corps.In addition, there is a new fourth cavalry division and a supply zone headquarters.Zhangjiakou area: the 105th Army of the 11th Corps and the reorganized 5th Cavalry Brigade and the 11th Cavalry Brigade.Jintang area: the 62nd, 92nd, and 86th Corps of the 17th Corps, the 94th Army of the Fourth Corps, the 87th Army under the North China "Suppression General", and the Tianjin Garrison Headquarters directly under the No. The 326th, 333rd and 184th divisions.

How did the Central Military Commission conduct combat deployment after the Northeast Field Army entered the customs? On November 26, when the main force of the Northeast Field Army entered the customs, the Central Military Commission called the leaders of the Northeast Field Army about the combat plan after the entry of the Northeast Field Army, pointing out: "When your army enters the customs, the enemy's situation will definitely change. The deployment of the combat plan must be decided in a timely manner. Therefore, I hope that you will finish dealing with the rear affairs within a few days. Before the main force reaches Jidong, you will drive past the troops and go to Jidong first. This point is very important. as important.

"As of now, the enemies of Ping, Tianjin, Zhang, and Tang are still sticking to their plans and have no plans to retreat. But it is difficult to determine what will happen in the next few weeks. "Therefore, the first combat mission of the main force of the Northeast Field Army should not be Tangshan, but Langfang and other places on the Pingjin line. There are two divisions of the 94th Army in this place. It is estimated that the strength of the troops may be increased. You must first annihilate this enemy, and then You must be prepared to wipe out any enemies that may reinforce Beiping. Because the main forces of Fu and Jiang are in the area centered on Beiping, they are distributed along the lines of Zhuozhou, Beiping, Tongzhou, Miyun, and Zhangjiakou. You must be prepared to fight with one or most of these enemy troops. The task of cutting off the connection between Pingshan and Tianjin can only be achieved by reinforcing troops to fight and annihilating them. At the same time, the enemy in Tangshan should be surrounded with necessary troops so that they cannot escape.

"After the completion of the two tasks of cutting off Ping, Tianjin and encircling Tangshan, the second combat task is to annihilate the 3 divisions of the 62nd Army and the independent 95th Division between Tianjin and Tangshan. "The third task is to wipe out the enemies of Tangshan. Tangshan is the source of coal in Pingjin. If you go to encircle Tangshan before cutting Pingjin and Tianjin, there is a danger of mobilizing the Beiping enemy to fight in Tianjin and Tangshan or run away by sea. Cheng and Huang are currently Don't encircle Tangshan. If the Yang-Li corps surrounded the enemies of Zhang and Xuan, and the Huailai and Beiping enemies sent reinforcements to Zhang and Xuan, the Cheng-Huang corps would move westward from Jixian and Yang Luogeng's corps would move westward to cut off Ping and Zhang from the vicinity of Zhuoxian. , Work together to wipe out the enemy of the flat tension line.

"The fourth combat mission is to capture Tianjin and annihilate the 92nd Army and other departments. "The fifth combat mission is to wipe out the enemies around Peiping. "The last is to capture Peiping." After the main force of the Northeast Field Army entered the pass, the situation on the Pingjin battlefield was as follows: The Second and Third Corps of the North China Military Region and the Advance Corps of the Northeast Field Army had divided and surrounded the main force of the Fu faction in the Fu Zuoyi Group on the Pingzhang Line. Jiang's troops in the Tang and Tang areas implemented a split package.

As for the battle plan after the main force of the Northeast Field Army entered the customs, Mao Zedong ordered the main force of the Northeast Field Army to enter the customs, and he had serious discussions with the leaders of the Northeast Field Army. On November 18, Mao Zedong asked the Northeast Field Army to encircle the three enemies in Tangshan, Tanggu, and Tianjin. The focus was to prevent the Kuomintang troops in the Tianjin, Tang, and Tang areas from escaping.However, Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, and Liu Yalou estimated that when the Kuomintang army discovered that the main force of the Northeast Field Army was advancing to the east of Jidong, the defenders in Qinhuangdao might retreat to the sea, and the defenders in Tangshan might retreat to Tanggu or Tianjin.Considering the use of troops nearby and the convenience of the main force of the Northeast Field Army entering the customs, it is suggested that the advance corps of the Northeast Field Army (Cheng Zihua and Huang Zhiyong corps) located in the east of Hebei be surrounded with all their strength around the 24th. The Tangshan defenders may retreat to Tanggu or Tianjin. Our advance corps should use the main force It is located in the south of Tangshan and carried out a tenacious blocking attack to prevent Tangshan defending the enemy from retreating south, and waited for the main force of the Northeast Field Army to arrive one after another to take over the encirclement.At that time, Cheng Huang's corps may insert to the east of Peiping to prevent the Beiping defending enemy from retreating eastward, or directly encircle Tianjin, depending on the situation at that time.

Mao Zedong believed that from the layout of the long snake array from Fu Zuoyi west to Zhangjiakou east to Tangshan and Tianjin, the snake head is in Tangshan and Tianjin, the snake belly is Beiping, and the snake tail is Xuanhua and Zhangjiakou.Lin Biao advocated attacking the snakehead Tangshan first to prevent the enemy from retreating south, which is inappropriate.Because the retreat route of the Fu Zuoyi Group was not cut off, especially the retreat route at sea, and when the main force of the Northeast Field Army was still far away from Tangshan and Tianjin, to attack Tangshan with a part of the force first would be tantamount to scaring the snake, and would prompt "the central government to stay in Beiping." The nearby armies, even some or most of the Jiafu army, have advanced to the Tianjin, Tang, and Tang lines, and with the main force located in Tanggu, they can take out the enemy in Tangshan and complete preparations for retreating by sea. It is difficult for our army to enter the border Annihilate the enemy."Therefore, on November 20, Mao Zedong called Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, and Liu Yalou, pointing out: "The timing of encircling Tangshan's enemies is worth considering. Cheng (Zihua) and Huang (Zhiyong) can prepare to encircle Tangshan between the 25th and 27th. Cut off the Tang enemy’s retreat route, but the implementation must wait for our final order.” ("Mao Zedong Military Anthology", Vol. 5, p. 253, Military Science Publishing House, Central Literature Publishing House, 1993 edition)

If at this time Mao Zedong had not completely rejected Lin Biao's opinion that Tangshan should be attacked first, but the timing was worth considering, then by November 26, Mao Zedong had realized more clearly that Tangshan could not be attacked first.He said: "Tangshan is the coal source of Pingjin. If you go to encircle Tangshan before you cut off Pingjin and Tianjin, there is a danger of mobilizing the Beiping enemy to fight in Tianjin and Tangshan or run away by sea and land. If you agree with this, call Cheng Huang and Huang should not encircle Tangshan at present, but if there is definite news that the enemy of Tangshan will retreat, they should encircle it quickly." Therefore, Mao Zedong clearly stipulated that the first combat mission of the Northeast Field Army after entering the customs should not be Tangshan, but in Tangshan. Langfang and other places on the Pingjin line cut off the connection between Pingjin and Tangshan with a part.After completing this task, the second task is not to attack Tangshan, but to wipe out the three divisions of the enemy's 62nd Army and the independent 95th Division between Tianjin and Tangshan.The third combat mission is to wipe out the enemies in Tangshan, then capture Tianjin, wipe out the enemies around Peiping, and finally capture Peiping.

On November 27, Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, and Liu Yalou stated to the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China: "The Pingjin operation was implemented according to the order of the Military Commission"; , implemented with the approval of the Military Commission.” The Second North China Corps advances from Zijing Pass to Pingzhang Line Mao Zedong disagreed with Lin Biao's proposal to fight Tangshan first, so where should the Pingjin campaign start?Mao Zedong believed that the key point of Fu Zuoyi's one-character long snake formation was not in Tangshan, the head of the snake, but in Zhangjiakou, the tail of the snake.Therefore, he proposed to fight from the west, grab the snake's tail first, and force the snake to turn back, that is, first attack and annihilate the enemy in the Pingzhang section of Pingsui Road, and encircle Zhangjiakou.This is because the (North) Pingzhang (Jiakou) line refers to the line from Beiping to Zhangjiakou in the east section of Pingsui Road. It is the only line of communication connecting the Pingjin area and Suiyuan behind the Fu Zuoyi Group, and also the only line of communication for the Fu Zuoyi Group to escape westward. Zhangjiakou is an important hub on the Pingzhang Line.In order to ensure the smooth flow of this line of communication, Fu Zuoyi deployed more than 10 infantry and jockeys (brigades) of his direct troops on the line from Zhangjiakou to Nankou.If our army surrounds Zhangjiakou and cuts the line of tension, it will hit Fu Zuoyi's vital points, and Fu Zuoyi must send troops to rescue him.In this way, our army can lead the enemy to the west and seize the main force of Fu Zuoyi's group, which not only prevents it from retreating westward to Suiyuan, but also makes it difficult for Fu Zuoyi to abandon the main force of his lineage and flee south, so as to achieve the purpose of holding the main force of Jiang's clique in the Pingjin area.Therefore, Mao Zedong said to the Northeast Advance Corps and the North China Second and Third Corps: As long as the 16 infantry and cavalry divisions of the Fu Zuoyi Group are captured on the Pingzhang Line within December, the enemy cannot move and cannot escape westward. Running eastward is a great strategic victory. To this end, Mao Zedong personally deployed an action plan to cut off the tension line. On November 22, 1948, Mao Zedong sent a telegram to Yang Chengwu, Li Jingquan, and Li Tianhuan, the leaders of the North China Third Corps, pointing out: "It is planned to use your three main columns to move eastward quickly and secretly, and cooperate with the southern part of Zhan (Jirecha Military Region) to cut off the connection between Pingzhang and Zhangzhou. , encircle Zhangjiakou, prevent the enemy of Zhangjiakou from shrinking towards Pingzhang, and attract the enemy of Peiping to send troops westward to rescue Zhangjiakou, so as to delay the time for the Pingjin Fu (Zuoyi) army to escape south. For this reason, your three columns are divided in Guisui The troops in the vicinity should not move for the time being, so as to confuse the enemy returning to Sui, the main force should be on standby to advance eastward on the 25th." ("Mao Zedong Military Anthology", Vol. 5, p. 261, Military Science Publishing House, Central Literature Publishing House, 1993 On November 24th, the North China Third Corps was telegraphed again, asking them to lead three columns of the main force to set off from the current site on the 25th, quickly and secretly advance eastward, and arrive near Zhangjiakou in 6 days (the sooner the better), and then Surround the enemies at Zhoujiahe and Huai'an in the southwest of Zhangjiakou with two columns, insert one column between Zhangjiakou and Xuanhua, cut off the connection between the two enemies in Zhangjiakou, and prevent the enemies at Zhoujiahe, Huai'an, and Zhangjiakou from escaping .If the enemies of Zhoujiahe and Huai'an quickly retreat into Zhangjiakou or the enemy of Zhangjiakou quickly shrinks to the east, they should quickly go east, cooperate with the troops of the Jirecha Military Region to cut off the connection between Ping and Zhang, and encircle Zhangjiakou, Xuanhua or Xiahuayuan. "In short, the principle is to capture a group of enemies and prevent them from running away to the east. After capturing and encircling them, do not attack. Wait for the main force in the Northeast to enter the pass (keep secrets) and encircle and annihilate the enemy before attacking." On November 25, Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, and Liu Yalou replied to the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China, fully agreeing with the Central Military Commission's deployment of the North China Third Corps, and suggested that Yang Dezhi's North China Second Corps and Cheng Zihua's Northeast Advance Corps also join the Pingzhang Line. Mao Zedong adopted the suggestion of the leaders of the Northeast Field Army and decided that the Second North China Corps and the Northeast Advance Corps would also join the Pingzhang Line operations. After the 11th Column of the Northeast Field Army entered the customs, it was assigned the task of attacking the Pingsui Line and cooperating with the North China Army to block the Fu Zuoyi Group.Miyun in the northeast of Beiping was the necessary place for the 11th column to go west to Pingsui Road. At that time, a Kuomintang security regiment was stationed in Miyun City.The 11th Column quickly organized its 31st Division to storm Miyun City. Eleventh Column Commander He Jinnian recalled: I set off from Jixi on the evening of November 30, and entered the north and south areas of Yukou Town (northwest of Pinggu) on December 2. Miyun City is located in the triangular area where the Chaohe River and the Baihe River converge. It is an important county town on the Pingcheng Road.There are strong fortifications around the city wall and at the entrance of the city. Among them, the fortifications in the northeast corner of the old city are the strongest and are the core fortifications.Outside the city, there are outer trenches with a depth and width of 7 meters, and the inner side of the trench is densely covered with light and dark castles.The city is bordered by Chaohe River in the southeast, Baihe River in the west, and Pagoda Mountain in the north. Surrounded by mountains and rivers, it is its natural barrier.The barracks, stations, and Pagoda Mountains in the north of the city are all peripheral strongholds of Miyun. From the perspective of geographical location, Miyun is a stronghold on the outskirts of Beiping. It can not only threaten our northeast main force from the flanks to advance to the vicinity of Peiping, but also prevent us from crossing the Pinggu Road and heading west to the Pingsui Line.The Pingsui line is an important line of communication for Fu Zuoyi's department, from which he can retreat to Suiyuan, his old nest, if necessary. After our column received the task of crossing the Pinggu Road, going straight into the Pingsui line, and cutting off the enemy's retreat, Miyun became an obstacle for our westward march to Pingsui Road, especially the Baihe and Chaohe rivers near the city, which were our westward barriers. The place where you must pass.In order not to affect the main task of cutting off the Pingsui line, so that the troops can quickly cross the Chaohe River and Baihe River, and plan to seize Miyun by camera, on December 2, when the commander of the 31st Division led the commanders of the division's regiments and combat Comrades from the Reconnaissance and Reconnaissance Divisions went to a high mountain to the northeast of Miyun in disguise to observe the terrain. They found out that there was only one security regiment in the reconnaissance city, and there were only one or two thousand policemen, so they made up their minds to capture Miyun.According to the enemy's situation, the column immediately ordered the 31st Division to attack the Chaohe Bridge in the east of the city first, and then surrounded Miyun from the east and north; ordered the 32nd Division to attack the Chaohe Bridge in the south of the city; Warn against the enemies of Huairou and Changping, cover the 31st Division to attack the city, and at the same time send reconnaissance troops to approach Huairou and Changping. On December 3, after the 31st Division seized the Chaohe Bridge in the east of the city with the 91st Regiment, it immediately used the 91st Regiment to attack the barracks and attacked Baota Mountain with the 93rd Regiment. At 20 o'clock on the 3rd, the 91st Regiment occupied the barracks, part of the defending enemy was wiped out, and the rest rushed into the city.We learned from the captives that the outskirts of Miyun City had been guarded by the enemy's 155th Division 464th Regiment, 465th Regiment and 297th Division 1st Regiment of the 13th Army who fled back from Gubeikou and Shixia Town.My 93rd Regiment took the wrong road and did not occupy the Pagoda Mountain, the station and other strongholds until noon on the 4th.All the remnants of the peripheral strongholds took advantage of this gap to shrink into Miyun City at night.The enemy defense in the city has increased to four regiments, and the enemy's situation has undergone major changes. At that time, the 32nd Division had seized the Chaohe Bridge in the south of the city, and most of them crossed the Chaohe and Baihe Rivers. The column then ordered the division to leave one regiment to guard Huairou and Beiping, and the rest turned around and took the 96th Regiment. Cooperate with the 31st Division to attack Miyun, and the other regiment is the division's reserve team. On the afternoon of the 4th, the enemy was tightly surrounded in Miyun City.The column ordered the 31st Division to capture Miyun City on the 5th. The deployment of the siege is: the 31st Division and the 91st Regiment have 5 mountain cannons, located in the northeast corner of the city, serving as the main attack, the 93rd Regiment is serving as an assist at the north gate, and the 92nd Regiment is the division reserve team; The ninety-sixth regiment of the division had 8 mountain guns and attacked from the southwest of the city.The command post of the 31st Division is located on a high ground 1 km away from the breakthrough in the northeast corner.The general offensive is scheduled for dawn on December 5. When we captured Miyun, we originally planned to take advantage of it and planned to fight a regiment of the enemy, but we didn't expect to fight a division, so we were "sticky".In order to cut off the Pingsui line before the enemy, the head of the corps adjusted the deployment and ordered the fourth column to go first and quickly march towards Kangzhuang! At 5 o'clock on the 5th, the battle to attack Miyun began.The northeast corner of the city, the north gate and the south gate were fired at the same time.The 1st Battalion of the 91st Regiment, which was in charge of breaking through in the northeast corner of the city, launched an attack with two companies at the moment when the artillery preparations were over.Since the artillery fire failed to open the breach, the troops did not carry out continuous blasting, and the attack route was not chosen properly, although repeated attacks were stopped by the enemy, I suffered heavy casualties, and the first attack failed.At the same time, the 96th Regiment of the 32nd Division, which made a breakthrough from the southwest corner, quickly broke into the city through the city wall after 20 minutes of artillery fire to prepare for the breakthrough.After the first attack of the 31st Division was blocked, it adjusted its strength and firearms, and ordered the 2nd Battalion of the 91st Regiment to take on the task of breaking through the northeast corner of the city, and ordered the 92nd Regiment to detour from the east of the city to the direction of the 96th Regiment. The Sixteenth Regiment broke through and entered the city to assist the regiment in expanding its victories. After the 96th regiment broke into the city, it failed to control the breakthrough, and the second echelon failed to keep up. The breakthrough was re-sealed by the enemy from both sides, so that the troops of the regiment that broke into the city were in an isolated position.The enemy concentrated more than two battalions of troops to carry out a counterattack, trying to wipe out my troops who had rushed into the city, and the fighting was particularly fierce.The Ninety-Two Regiment ran forward and quickly entered the battle. In one fell swoop, they broke through the breakthrough that the Ninety-Sixth Regiment had lost and entered the city.At this time, the formation of the enemy's counterattack troops was chaotic.Taking advantage of the enemy's chaos, our Ninety-two Regiment quickly surrounded this group of enemies with three battalions, annihilated them in one fell swoop, and joined forces with our Ninety-six Regiment that broke into the city.After that, consolidate and expand the position, and actively develop in depth. Just as the enemy launched a counterattack in the direction of the 96th Regiment, the main force of the 31st Division launched a second attack.The troops accepted the lessons of the setback in the previous assault, chose sheltered terrain for the assault, and prepared enough explosive materials.After the five mountain cannons opened the gap and carried out continuous blasting, the commando of the 91st Regiment quickly and bravely broke through the enemy's core position in the northeast corner of the city at 14:40.At this time, the 93rd Regiment also entered the city from the north gate, and the 92nd and 96th Regiments also developed in depth.All the troops worked together to attack the enemy, divided and surrounded the enemy and wiped them out. At dusk, the battle ended successfully. According to statistics, except for the enemy commander and a few entourages who escaped in disguise, more than 6,000 enemy people were all wiped out, and 6 pursuit guns, 16 heavy machine guns, 150 light machine guns, more than 2,000 long and short guns, and a batch of ammunition were seized.After the war, the 2nd Battalion and 5th Company of the 91st Regiment won the title of "Miyun Sharp Knife Company". The liberation of Miyun not only made our way westward to the Pingsui line smooth, but also disrupted Fu Zuoyi's deployment, forming a threat to Peiping from the northeast. On December 11, according to the situation at the time, Mao Zedong issued the "Battle Policy on the Battle of Pingjin": "The enemies in Zhangjiakou, Xinbaoan, Huailai, and the whole of Beiping, Tianjin, Tanggu, and Tangshan, except for a few units such as the 35th Army, 62nd Army, and 94th Army, are defending by relying on fortifications. In addition to having strong combat effectiveness, the attacking spirit is very poor, and you have already become frightened birds, especially after you enter the customs. You must not overestimate the enemy's combat effectiveness. Some of our comrades have suffered from overestimating the enemy's combat effectiveness in the past After being criticized, they have already understood. Now that the two enemies Zhangjiakou and Xinbaoan are indeed surrounded, it is generally difficult to break through and escape. About half of the Sixteenth Army was quickly wiped out. The Huailai 104th Army fled south in a hurry. It is estimated that the enemy may be wiped out today or tomorrow. After the enemy is wiped out, you plan to cut off the connection between Nankou and Beiping with four vertical lines from southwest to northeast. It is estimated that this will not be easy to achieve. That is, the Ninety-Fourth Army, the Sixteenth Army, and the Ninety-second Army concentrated in the Nankou, Changping, and Shahe Townships for defense. But the Fourth Column's move directly threatened the northwestern and northern suburbs of Beiping, and could restrain these enemies from moving. If these enemies dare to advance westward to receive reinforcements from the Thirty-fifth Army, they can directly cut off their rear route or directly attack Peiping. Therefore, these enemies will probably not dare to advance westward again. Our North China Yang Luogeng Corps surrounded the thirty-fifth Army with nine divisions. One division is an absolute advantage. They proposed to annihilate the enemy as soon as possible. We plan to ask them not to fight for the time being, so as to attract the enemy in Tianjin. Blocking the 104th Army with a single column, both enemies were repelled. "Now we agree that you will immediately go to the vicinity of Nankou with the Five Columns, and threaten the enemies of Beiping, Nankou, and Huairou from the northeast. In the future, this column will be located in this area, so that in the future (about 10 or 15 days later, the Yangluo Geng Corps in North China After the annihilation of the 35th Army), the fourth column was freed to use in the east. In this case, please order the fifth column to continue westward today. "The third column must not go to Nankou. According to our telegram on the 9th, the column can be opened to the east of Beiping and the south of Tongxian, threatening Peiping from the east, and forming an encirclement of Peiping with the fourth, eleventh, and fifth columns. "But our real purpose is not to encircle Beiping first, but to encircle Tianjin, Tanggu, Lutai and Tangshan first. "According to our estimation, around December 15, your ten verticals, nine verticals, six verticals, eight verticals, artillery verticals, and seven verticals can be concentrated in the area centered on Yutian. We propose that from December 20 to December Within a few days of the 25th, we took swift action and encircled Tianjin, Tanggu, Lutai, and Tangshan with six columns: Three Columns (from the eastern suburbs of Beiping), Six Columns, Seven Columns, Eight Columns, Nine Columns, and Ten Columns. The enemy, if the enemy at various points is still in the same state at that time, the method is to place two columns in the area centered on Wuqing, namely Langfang, Hexiwu, and Yangcun, and insert five columns into Tianjin, Between Tanggu, Lutai, Tangshan, and Guye, the enemy should be cut off. Each column must build two blocking positions to prevent the enemy from running away. After that, the troops should rest and recover from fatigue. At this time, the Four Columns should move from Pingxibei to Pingdong. Our North China Yang Luogeng Corps should wipe out the enemies of Xinbaoan before the Four Columns move. In the East, according to the situation, we should strive to wipe out the enemies of Tanggu first and control Haikou. As long as Tanggu (the most important) and Xinbaoan are conquered, the overall situation will be alive. The above deployment is actually to deploy Zhangjiakou, Xinbaoan, Nankou, Beiping, Huairou, Shunyi, Tongxian, Wanping (Zhuoxian, Liangxiang) Already occupied by me), Fengtai, Tianjin, Tanggu, Lutai, Tangshan, and Kaiping were all surrounded by enemies. "This method is basically the method you used during the battles on the Yixian, Jinzhou, Jinxi, Xingcheng, Suizhong, Yuguan, and Luanxian lines. "In the two weeks from today (December 11 to December 25), the basic principle is to encircle and not fight (such as Zhangjiakou and Xinbaoan), and some are to divide but not encircle (that is, only strategically encircle and isolate All the enemies should contact each other instead of encircling them in campaigns (for example, against Ping, Tianjin, and Tongzhou), so as to wipe out the enemies one by one after the deployment is completed. In particular, the enemies in Zhangjiakou, Xinbaoan, and Nankou should not be wiped out. This will force the enemies east of Nankou Quickly decide to run wildly, I hope you can understand this point. "In order not to make Chiang Kai-shek make a quick decision to transport the enemies from Pingjin to the south, we are going to order Liu Bocheng, Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yi, and Su Yu to annihilate the Huangwei Corps, leaving the Qiu Qingquan, Li Mi, and Sun Yuanliang Corps under the command of Du Yuming (about half of which have been wiped out) Left and right), the remaining units will not be deployed for final annihilation within two weeks. "In order to prevent the enemy from fleeing to Qingdao, we are going to order Shandong to concentrate some troops to control a section of the Yellow River near Jinan, and make preparations on the Jiaoji line. "It is impossible or very unlikely for the enemy to escape to Xuzhou, Zhengzhou, Xi'an, and Suiyuan. "The only or main thing is to fear that the enemy will escape by sea. Therefore, in the current two weeks, we should generally adopt the method of encircling without fighting or separating without encircling. "This kind of plan is unexpected, and it will be very difficult for the enemy to detect it until you have finally completed your deployment. The enemy may now estimate that you are going to attack Peiping. "The enemy always underestimates the enthusiasm of our army and always overestimates their own strength, although they are also frightened. The enemy in Pingjin never expects that you will be able to complete the above deployment before December 25. "In order to complete the above-mentioned deployment before December 25, you should encourage the troops to not hesitate to fatigue, not to be afraid of loss of numbers, cold or hunger within two weeks, and after completing the above-mentioned deployment, rest and reorganize, and then attack calmly. "The order of attack is approximately: first Tanglu District, second Xinbaoan, third Tangshan District, fourth Tianjin and Zhangjiakou Districts, and finally Beiping District. "What are your opinions on the above-mentioned plan? What are the shortcomings of this plan? What are the difficulties in implementing it? Please consider the telegram." On the same day, in order to strengthen the leadership of the troops participating in the Battle of Pingjin, the Central Military Commission sent an order: "Our troops in the Northeast are entering the pass one after another, and the battle to attack the enemies of Ping, Tianjin, Zhang, and Tang has begun. This is a huge battle. Not only should the field armies of the two districts be under the unified command of Lin, Luo, Liu, and Tan, but the Seventh Column in Central Hebei and the local corps should also be under unified command. I hope that the North China Military Region will order the Seventh Column and the Central Jizhong Military Region to connect to the radio stations of Lin, Luo, Liu, and Tan Contact, report the situation to Lin, Luo, Liu, and Tan, and accept the task. The Jizhong Military Region should also send personnel to contact Lin and Luo in Jixian County. Inform Lin and Luo of the cadre allocation and management policies of Ping and Tianjin, and at the same time strengthen the radio communication, so that Lin and Luo know all important matters prepared by North China." According to the Central Military Commission's policy of "separation without encirclement", Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan, and Liu Yalou ordered the main force of the Northeast Field Army to quickly and bravely insert between the points of Beiping, Tianjin, Tanggu, Lutai, and Tangshan, and cut off the gap between the points. Contact, the specific deployment is: The eighth, ninth, seventh, twelfth, and second columns on the left and the main force of the special forces are directly commanded by the head of the field army to cut off the enemy in Tianjin, Tanggu, and Tangshan; The 3rd, 6th, 10th, and 1st Columns on the Central Road and the 7th Column in North China are under the unified command of the 1st Corps to cut off the communication between the enemies of Peiping and Tianjin, and threaten Peiping from the east and south; The fourth, fifth, and eleventh columns on the right, under the unified command of the Second Corps, approached Beiping from the north and west. Beginning on December 12, the Northeast Field Army was deployed as scheduled, and the troops began to move in three groups, advancing to the Ping, Tianjin, and Tang areas with all their strength. The columns on the left went straight between Tianjin and Tanggu. The Ninth Column and the 29th Division of the Tenth Column started from Fengrun and Yutian and pointed directly at the Tangtang section of the Beining Line. Occupy Tangshan on the 13th, Lutai and Hangu on the 14th, Junliang City, an important stronghold between Jin and Tang on the 19th, Huansuo, Fanjiazhuang, Zhangguizhuang and the airport on the outer periphery of Jindong on the 20th, and Xinxin, an important stronghold north of Tanggu He wiped out more than 2,800 enemies. On the 21st, it occupied the front line of Xianshuigu and Xincheng, cutting off the land and water connection between Tianjin and Tanggu. Northeast Field Army Special Forces Units Entering Tianjin and Tanggu Areas The eighth column started from Baodi and Xianghe areas, and attacked the suburbs of Tianjin in three routes. On the 19th, they captured Yangcun, an important stronghold north of Tianjin, wiped out more than 2,000 people from the newly formed 333rd Division, and captured the division commander Song Haichao. On the 20th, they captured Beigou, Beicang, and Yixingbu, the outlying strongholds in northern Tianjin. On the 21st, Yangliuqing, an important town in the west of Tianjin, was captured. On the 22nd, they occupied Baitangkou and the Shuanggang line, cutting off the retreat of the Tianjin defenders to Dagukou. The seventh column entered the Beitang and Xinhe areas on the 19th, and the second column entered the vicinity of Beitang on the 20th. The special forces and the 12th column are accelerating their advance to the Jin and Tang areas. So far, the army on the left cut off the connection between Tianjin and Tanggu, forming a strategic encirclement of Tianjin and Tanggu. The columns in the middle line went straight between Pingjin and Tianjin. The Three Columns departed from the Xianghe area on the 11th, and occupied Niubaotun, Majuqiao, and Langfang to the east of Peiping on the 13th, and captured Nanyuan Airport, an important stronghold south of Peiping on the 17th, and seized 25 aircraft. On the 19th, the enemy's counterattack was repelled, the position was consolidated, and it approached Wulidian, Madao, Wuji, and the May Fourth Battalion in the southeast of the suburbs of Beiping. The Ten Columns started from Yutian and attacked Langfang. On the 14th, they captured Langfang, an important town between Pingjin and Tianjin, and cut off the Pingjin Railway. On the 15th, they took control of Qingyundian, Caiyu Town, Langfang, and Jiuzhou. The Sixth Column set out from Jixian County and marched towards Anping, occupying Yongledian, Matou Town, Zhanggezhuang, and Anping Town on the 16th.The North China Seven Columns occupied Fangshan and Liangxiang on the 13th, and occupied Huangcun, Nanyuan, Panggezhuang, and Anding Station on the 15th. When the various ministries moved forward, in a dilapidated elementary school in Xin'an Town, Baodi County, Hebei, the First Column of the Northeast Field Army was holding a meeting of cadres above the division. "Comrades," Li Tianyou, commander of the column, addressed the cadres, "After the Liaoshen Campaign, the North China Kuomintang did not expect that we would enter the customs immediately. There were more than 500,000 enemies in North China. As soon as our Northeast Field Army came in, plus the North China brothers Once the troops cooperate, the enemy will be completely exposed to the iron fist of our army." "Yes," political commissar Liang Biye put his clenched fists together and interjected excitedly: "Two fists, the enemy can't bear it." "The military commission's combat policy is: the basic principle of the current enemy is to surround and not fight, and some are to separate and not surround, so as to attract the enemy in Pingjin and make it difficult for them to make a quick decision to escape. After the deployment of our army is completed, the It annihilates one by one." Li Tianyou paused for a moment, and continued: "In order to further confuse the enemy and create the illusion of the enemy's command of the battle, so as not to quickly transport the enemy from Ping and Tianjin to the south, Chairman Mao also ordered the Huaihai battlefield to leave the enemy's remnant troops for final annihilation; Shandong Our army controls a section of the Yellow River in the south; on the battlefield in North China, the enemies Zhangjiakou and Xinbao will not be destroyed prematurely. The current situation in Pingjin and Tianjin is: in the east, our Northeast Field Army has occupied Tangshan in the northeast of Tianjin; The remnants of the enemy in Fengtai, Shijingshan, and Wanshoushan on the outskirts of Peiping are prepared to quickly cut off the connection between these enemies." "The Battle of Huaihai started shortly after the end of our Liaoshen Campaign. It went very smoothly there." Liang Biye took over and said, "But why did Chairman Mao ask Huaihai to stop for a while? It was because the Battle of Huaihai was going to end prematurely. The enemy in North China will inevitably be impatient, and there is a possibility of escaping from the sea. Therefore, what our columns east of Peiping must do is to divide the enemy as soon as possible, and Tianjin and Peiping want them to sever contact. This is As the commander said just now, separate but not surround." Liang Biye and Li Tianyou looked at each other, Li Tianyou nodded and announced: "The headquarters ordered us to insert between Beiping and Tianjin as soon as possible to isolate the enemy and prevent them from shrinking and breaking out." Liang Biye emphasized: "Separate it, divide it, and seize it! Don't let it flee from south to west!" In the end, Cao Lihuai, the deputy commander and chief of staff, assigned tasks to the divisions: advance southward and hit the Pingjin railway directly. So far, the Central Army cut off the connection between Beiping and Tianjin, cut off the way for the Beiping defenders to retreat to Tianjin, and approached the suburbs of Beiping from the east and south. On the 14th, the Four Columns on the Right entered the Nankou and Badaling Lines, and immediately set up defenses there to prevent the Beiping Kuomintang Army from reinforcing the Pingzhang Line. The Fifth Column and the Eleventh Column attacked from Shahebao, Qinghe Town, Yangfang Town, and Baiyangcheng area, through the western suburbs of Beiping, to Fengtai, Wanping, and Shijingshan. On the 14th, the Eleventh Zong occupied the Xijiao Airport, and on the 15th and 16th it occupied Haidian, Mentougou, Xihuang Village, Nanbeixindian and Shijingshan.On the 14th, the Five Columns entered Wanping and Fengtai, important strongholds in the southwestern suburbs of Beiping. On the 17th, the Fifth Column and the Eleventh Column approached Xizhimen and Deshengmen, and together with the troops in the middle, they completed the strategic encirclement of Beiping. At the same time, the North China Military Region mobilized troops from the Central and Southern Hebei Military Regions and local armed forces, and deployed them in Baoding, Shijiazhuang, Hengshui, and Cangzhou to prevent the enemy troops from Ping-Jinjin from escaping southward via the Ping-Han and Jin-Pu roads, and prepared to intercept the collapse of Pingjin. of the enemy. In order to encourage the whole army to fight bravely, on December 11, Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan (Second Political Commissar of the Northeast Democratic Alliance Army), Liu Yalou, and Tan Zheng issued instructions on "Mobilization of Political Workers for Current Combat" to each division and division: "(1) After our army arrives in the eastern part of Jibei, we will soon cooperate with our North China allies to fight to annihilate Fu Zuoyi's troops and the Jiang's troops under his command, capture Pingjin and Tangshan, and complete the liberation of the entire North China. "(2) The current situation is extremely favorable to us. Although the enemy has five battlefields across the country (Pingjin, Taiyuan, Xi'an, Wuhan, and Xuzhou), there are only two battlefields with the largest military strength and a decisive role in the overall situation, namely Xuzhou. The battlefield and the North China battlefield. These two battlefields are now in danger. After Xuzhou was occupied by our East China Field Army, 22 divisions of the 3 corps, Qiu Qingquan, Li Mi, and Sun Yuanliang under the command of Du Yuming, fled from Xuzhou to Anqing. The main force of East China is surrounded by Xiaoxian, Dangshan, Yongcheng, and Mengcheng in a vertical and horizontal area of ​​20 miles. 30,000 people have been wiped out, and the rest are being wiped out. The 11 divisions of the Huangwei Corps, which were reinforced from the southern section of Pinghan to Xuzhou, It is also because our main force in the Central Plains and a part of East China are encircled between Suxian, Mengcheng, Bengbu, and Yongcheng. The fierce battle has lasted for more than 10 days. After a few more days, the final solution will be resolved. The enemy in North China suffered serious setbacks on the southern front After entering the customs with our army in the Northeast, I felt extremely isolated, panicked, and lost ground. Fu Zuoyi's main force was blocked in the lines of Zhangjiakou, Xinbaoan, and Huailai, while Jiang's armies were distributed in Pingjin, Tanggu, Tangshan, etc. Since our troops are dispersed, we can cut off their connections at any time. This situation is conducive to our army dividing up the enemy and annihilating them one by one. After our army in the Northeast joins up with our allies in North China, our combat strength has reached more than one million. The strong military strength is something that the enemy in North China cannot accept; and in addition to the vast old liberated areas where I have gone through the 8-year War of Resistance Against Japan, I am very sure that I will wipe out all the enemies in North China and capture Ping and Tianjin. "(3) If I can completely annihilate the enemies in North China and occupy Ping and Tianjin, it will be a great victory. Not only will the whole of North China be liberated, but the two liberated areas of Northeast China and North China will be completely connected. After the army annihilated Fu Zuoyi, and our army in East China and the Central Plains wiped out Du Yuming's armies, Chiang Kai-shek had no main force in the country. At that time, the situation in the north of the Yangtze River would be stable, and the foundation of national victory would be consolidated from then on. Therefore, this combat relationship极大。华北敌人数量还相当众多，其中若干部分且有战斗力，必须经过激烈的战斗方可取得胜利，任何轻敌观念因而放松作战准备，那就是极其有害的。望各部到达集结位置后，即依此进行作战动员，鼓励士气，振奋全军，不骄不傲，为消灭傅作义及华北全部敌人而战。这是目前政治工作的主要内容。 “（四）其次，由于冀东与华北解放区人民对于东北我军入关作战寄以热烈厚望，而我们作战亦必须得到他们的支持和配合，否则就不可能进行胜利的作战。同时还由于我们所攻占的目标，又是平、津等大都市与文化商业中心，我军的行动必为全国人民与国际人士所注目。这就需要我军成为英勇作战的模范，成为团结人民、团结友军、遵守纪律、执行政策的模范。如果我军没有良好的纪律，如果我们不切实整顿纪律，如果我们之中有一部分不守纪律，我们就将受到广大人民及友军的指责与鄙视；我军声誉与我党在中外人士中的政治影响，必致同遭损失。为了整顿纪律，提高全体指战员的觉悟程度，必须： “第一，力戒骄傲，任何对于人民、对于友军、对于地方机关团体骄傲不谦虚的表现，在他们面前以劳苦功高与以主力军自居的表现，以及粗暴无理的表现，是绝不允许的，必须反对。 “第二，为了主动的团结友军，应在各种场合给他们以可能的关切与照顾（例如在行军宿营或作战之时），充分发扬我军的友爱互助精神。而在发生争执与纠纷时，不论有理无理均应忍耐、退让，检讨自己，原谅对方，宁可自己吃亏，不可因此伤害对方情感。我们的口号是：团结至上，团结战胜一切。 “第三，在城市工作与城市政策问题上，严格执行军队保护一切原封不动的规定。在这个问题上，许多部队必须检讨，不从政策观点统一集中观点出发，而从自私自利目无纪律的本位主义出发的思想与严重的现象，必须从根本上予以改正。” 12日，林彪、罗荣桓、谭政又给各纵、师下达了《关于平津作战政治鼓动》的指示，要求各级政治机关和全体政工人员，全力到下面去鼓动作战。 早在战役发起前的一个月，即1948年10月31日，中央军委就电示东北局，为便于东北野战军入关作战，应“争取一个月内修通沈锦线、彰武义县承德铁路，整理热河及冀东境内主要公路，以利军运，并迅速运囤粮弹；否则，将无法供应大军作战”。 1948年11、12月，中央军委又多次电示东北局、华北局，部署东北野战军入关以后，保障东北、华北两大野战军的作战供应问题，对人粮、马料、经费、柴草、民工、道路、运输等事项，都作了具体而明确的安排。 东北野战军提前入关，后勤补给上遇到了很大困难。为此，12月15日，中共中央华北局就支援平津前线作战给冀中、北岳区党委发出指示： 华北军区领导人薄一波（右）、聂荣臻（中）、腾代远（左）合影 “革命战争胜利发展，华北形势已起重大变化。我华北人民解放军，以风驰电掣之势，驰骋冀热察绥之间，屡歼敌军，连克多城，已使敌军疲于奔命，穷于应付。而我东北人民解放军，则乘解放沈、锦，肃清辽南之余威，雄师百万，进军关内，声势浩大，先声夺人，军行所至，势如破竹，敌军望风披靡，弃甲曳兵而走，榆关、秦皇岛、唐山等要地，不战而下，冀东广大地区，尽人掌握。现正陈师平张、平津之间，截断铁路交通，肢解敌军，将包围于少数孤立据点之内，聚而歼之。在此形势下，平津解放已指日可待。傅作义虽尚企图负隅顽抗，但大势已去，终难逃避覆灭之命运。平津一下，则华北蒋介石势力，即在基本上被肃清，这对于全国革命形势，不仅在军事上，而且在政治上，都将具有重大的决定意义。我华北人民，为了全部解放华北，为迅速解放全中国，对于解放平津的战争，必须踊跃参战，积极支前，以争取迅速胜利。尤其对我东北人民解放军，应该发挥真挚的兄弟般的友爱，给以充分的爱护，表示热烈的欢迎。他们对解放华北、解放全中国，都起着决定作用，建立伟大功勋，华北人民应该感谢他们，酬劳他们；他们远道行军，备尝艰辛，华北人民应该欢迎他们，慰问他们；对于他们的任何冷淡和歧视，都是不应该的。你们必须教育和动员人民，对我们东北人民解放军，作诚挚而热烈的欢迎、爱护和支援。” 16日，聂荣臻、薄一波、滕代远、赵尔陆指示冀中军区和华北第七纵队：“你们应该根据军委、军区历次指示，不惜疲劳，不惜使用大的人力财力，全力支援东北我军作战。应绝对听从林、罗、刘指挥，坚决执行命令，完成任务。” 12月20日，东北野战军领导人就注意与华北同志团结致电各部：“我华北军区已从各方派出负责干部到平津前线组织支前工作，华北首长一再通令各地积极参加作战，坚决服从命令，这种精神很值得我们学习。我各纵、师在与各地同志接洽中，必须十分注意以阶级友爱的同志态度交涉问题，要充分了解他们的困难和实际性，向他们提出要求时，必须估计到客观情况，对于他们向我们提出的要求，必须尽可能予以完满答复。对于部队必须很好的管理约束，使其遵守纪律和团结友爱。 此外，中央还考虑到东北、华北两区货币不统一，边区币不能通用的现状，拨给了东北野战军能够通用的银元1100万元，为东北野战军的后勤保障工作提供了极大方便。同时，为保证平津决战的顺利进行，周恩来（中共中央副主席、中央军委参谋长）、李富春（东北军区副政委兼后勤部长）、黄克诚（中共冀察热辽分局书记兼东北第二兵团政委）、薄一波（华北局第一书记兼华北军区政委）、滕代远（华北军区副司令员）等领导同志，亲自抓支前工作。 东北、华北领导机关以及冀中、北岳、冀东、冀热察等地区领导机关都发出了支前指示或动员令，并建立了支前指挥机构。 东北军区和野战军为适应部队入关作战的需要，建立了军区司令部运输部和野战军后勤运输部，并令两个后勤分部先行入关，布置兵站线，铁道纵队加紧抢修北宁铁路，以保证物资、弹药、粮食的运输。 12月21日，华北局致电冀中、北岳军区，就后勤布置和组织联合后勤指挥部的问题作出指示： “为全力支援东北军作战，后勤布置：我东北主力在解放全东北后，未及休整，则远道入关，连续作战，长途跋涉，备历艰辛。由于他们到西面后，人地两疏，和大军集中作战，故在粮秣、油、盐、柴、菜供给上当会遇到许多困难。为此，我华北全体党政军民，尤其是冀中、北岳要尽一切力量踊跃支前，保证我东北部队在粮食、柴、草、油、盐、菜蔬供给上和伤员、弹药转送上不受困难或少受困难，减少其后方顾虑，集中力量歼灭华北蒋、傅匪帮，迅速完成解放平津、解放全华北的伟大任务。为此，关于后勤支前工作，特作如下决定： “（一）由冀中、北岳组织平津战役联合后勤指挥部，以王奇才为司令员，罗思川为政治委员，肖思明为副司令员，李济寰为副政治委员，统一指挥冀中、北岳支前工作。并确定丰台至天津地区由王、罗负责，丰台至清河镇由李负责，王、罗和李要建立电台与地面的联系。 “（二）王或罗和李济寰同志即分别亲到林、罗处，程、黄处受领任务和接受指示，并经常保持联系取得指示，以便适时的进行工作。 “（三）应速派支前干部，随各兵团及纵队办理随军支前工作，及时解决问题。 “（四）各地粮草油盐应迅速向前赶运，在未运到前，即按东总指示办法就地征借，并将粮食和副食随时报告东总、程黄和我们。 “（五）为了及时解决部队困难，除在一般的情况下，有关支前重大问题须遵照报告请示制度外，如遇有战地的必须紧急处理的事项，王、罗、肖、李可一面机断处理，一面报告我们，以免误事。 “总之，一切为了前线，一切为了胜利，而在支前实施中，要先东北部队，后华北部队，先野战部队，后地方部队。以上王、罗、肖、李应将办理情形，随时告东总和我们，或及时汇报和请示军委。” 在东北野战军主力对平、津、塘地区国民党军实施“隔而不围”的同时，华北第二、第三兵团对包围在新保安、张家口的国民党军实施了“围而不打”的方针，严密包围，待命攻击。 华北第二兵团在包围新保安后，广大指战员强烈要求早日攻克新保安，歼灭第三十五军这个老对头。 第三十五军是傅作义起家的部队，全套美式武装，兵员充足，士气较高，被称为“王牌之王牌”。 1947年10月，聂荣臻（右四）在前线部队接见于清风店战役中被俘的国民党第三军军长罗历戎（左一）。右一为萧克、右五为杨得志、右六为耿飚、右七为罗瑞卿 12月10日，杨得志、罗瑞卿、耿飚致电中央建议：在不妨碍整个作战方针实施的情况下，待东北野战军第四纵队炮兵、弹药增援到来后，以先歼敌三十五军为好。 11日，程子华、黄志勇也向中央军委建议，待怀来追歼战结束后，即以兵团主力参加歼击第三十五军。 中央军委从抑留并就地歼灭傅作义集团于平津地区的全局考虑，决定对新保安“围而不打”，并强调指出：“目前全力防敌突围，大约10天以后方能攻歼该敌。你们预做攻击准备是可以的，但不要实行攻击。” 华北第四纵队司令员曾思玉说：“傅作义的嫡系三十五军是我华北部队的冤家对手，过去曾多次与我纵交锋。这次抓住它，恨不得马上一口将它吃掉。同志们的这种心情是可以理解的，但这里有个全局和局部的关系问题。全歼敌于华北战场，是平津战役的根本目的，是毛泽东同志关于平津战役的战略决策。新保安只是一个局部，局部必须服从全局。在战役整个部署就绪之前，对新保安守敌围而不打，是为了防止张家口和平、津、塘敌人西窜和南逃，是为了就地全歼华北之敌。为了实现战役的总意图，毛泽东同志具体规定两星期内对新保安等地之敌围而不打。” 一天，曾思玉来到前沿阵地视察，战士们一见到他就围上来说：“司令员，赶紧下命令攻城消灭三十五军吧！” “你们有点着急了吧！消灭三十五军很容易，现在是围而不打，这着棋是毛主席将傅作义的军。我们牵着他的鼻子走，想什么时候打，就什么时候打。他好比是猴子拿辣椒，吃不得，丢不下，跑没本钱，守没力量。等我部署完毕后，就一口吃掉它。那时，蒋介石在华北战场上的重兵集团就要被我就地全部歼灭。你们说哪样好哇？” 战士们听完司令员的解释，都欢笑不已，齐声回答：“妙极了！” 杨得志说，这个围而不打的决策确实非常英明，但是要广大的基层指战员在短时间内理解毛主席的决策，需要做很多工作。为此，罗瑞卿亲自组织政工干部向部队讲述暂时“围而不打”，服从全局的重大战略意义。在讲明毛主席的战略意图之后，大家提高了认识，心情更为振奋，克服了急躁情绪。 根据中央军委的指示，杨得志调整了部署，把重点放在防止第三十五军向东突围上。以三纵主力位于新保安东南桥家营、东西水泉、宋家营、上下八齿、二台子一线，以1个旅位于新保安以南李家房、王家房、吴家堡、朱家屯、碱滩、马圈、小屯一线。 以四纵位于新保安以东永安村、山青店及东北上下八里、枣口以及东南东八里、大屯、马家台、辛庄线。 以八纵主力位于新保安以西及西南阎家房、金堂房、韩家房、西黄庄及西北梁庄、鸡鸣驿一线。 各部队占领阵地后，构筑层层工事，有针对性地展开战地练兵活动。同时开展政治攻势，瓦解敌人。 华北第三兵团根据中央军委赋予的任务，全力包围张家口，防止敌人逃跑。其具体部署是： 以一纵布防于张家口以南、以东和东北地区，控制沙家房、沙岭子、榆林堡、乌拉哈达、朝天洼、西甸子一线； 二纵布防于张家口西南地区，控制宁远堡、北辛堡、北辛渠、孔家庄、郭磊庄一线； 六纵布防于张家口以西、以北地区，控制南天门、汉诺坝、水关台、正北沟、苏家桥、万全一线。 兵团领导要求各纵队构筑三至四道阻击阵地，昼夜严密监视敌人。各纵队按照部署，进入指定阵地，迅速构筑工事，切断张家口对外的所有道路，至10日前完成了对张家口的第一道包围圈。 第三兵团前委还颁发了政治动员令，要求全军严格执行命令，克服一切困难，不怕任何牺牲，不轻敌，不疏忽，不让一个敌人跑掉。谁的阵地上跑了敌人，谁就要负完全责任。 15日，各纵队相继占领轿顶山、西甸子、十三里营房等外围据点，进一步收缩了对张家口的包围圈。 同一天，北岳军区部队及骑兵第三、第四、第五师解放张北县城，旋即解放康保、商都等地，形成了第二道包围圈。 同时，晋绥第八纵队及晋绥军区地方武装在集宁、丰镇、卓资山一线，形成了第三道包围圈。这样，张家口守军已被解放军层层包围起来。 不过，尽管包围了张家口，但在兵力对比上，解放军并不占优势。 当时，张家口守军有1个兵团部、1个军部共7个师旅计5.4万余人，华北第三兵团有8个旅，连同地方部队也不足6万人。 华北第三兵团司令员杨成武（左三）、副政委兼政治部主任李天焕（左五）、第二纵队政委李世民（左一）、与东北野战军第四纵队司令员吴克华（左二）、政委莫文骅（左四）会师后合影 因此，中央军委在12月15日致电杨得志、罗瑞卿、杨成武、李天焕，指出：华北第二兵团以9个旅对付第三十五军的2个师及一部杂军，自可保障胜利。但一旦第三十五军被歼，张家口守军有突逃的可能，华北第三兵团以8个旅包围张家口守军5个步兵师、两个骑兵旅有无确实把握，是否需要从南口的东北野战军第四纵调出一部分兵力，增强华北第三兵团包围及万一在张家口守军突逃时追歼的兵力，请杨罗耿、杨李考虑电复。 15日12时30分，杨成武、李天焕复电中央军委：现张家口守军还有兵力在5万以上，我在数量上不占优势。我们估计在华北第二兵团开始攻歼三十五军或三十五军已被歼时，张家口守军有极大可能突围逃跑，逃跑的方向基本向西，向东可能性极小，而且最大可能是集中兵力行宽正面在张家口、万全公路以南、以北，清水河以西，在飞机掩护和归绥守军接应下向西突围。如东面东北野战军或华北第二兵团能抽出一部兵力加强张家口外围，防敌突围，则更为妥善。 同日18时，杨得志、罗瑞卿、耿飚也复电中央军委：最好能调东野第四纵队增强张家口方面。 16日8时，中央军委电示林彪、罗荣桓、刘亚楼：张家口5万以上守军无论如何不应让其逃跑，应当在华北第二兵团攻歼第三十三军以前增加一部兵力，可考虑以东北野战军第四纵队主力3个师加强到张家口方面。 同日16时，东北野战军领导人复电表示：第四纵队可全力开张家口归杨成武、李天焕指挥，协同华北第三兵团包围张家口。 17日，东北野战军第四纵队3个师4万余人即从南口出发，20日抵达宣化、张家口地区。 这样，包围张家口地区的解放军兵力增至近10万人，张家口守军无论是固守还是突围逃跑，都逃脱不了被歼的命运。 到12月中旬，东北、华北人民解放军在继完成对平张线之敌的包围之后，又切断