Chapter 10 Chapter 9: Truman, Stalin, Mao Zedong, and Chiang Kai-shek fell into a strange circle of history around 1950

Truman, Stalin, Mao Zedong, and Chiang Kai-shek fell into the strange circle of history around the New Year of 1950... (Run Moon Lake, Taiwan—Washington, USA, around New Year's Day, 1950) These were the last days of December 1949, and also the last days of the first half of the twentieth century; The last few days of the KMT's complete defeat on the mainland in the year's contest. These days, from Christmas on December 25 to New Year's Day in 1950, Chiang Kai-shek was not in Taipei, the political center of the island of Taiwan.He took Chiang Ching-kuo and his family to live in seclusion at Sun Moon Lake, a scenic spot in Taichung.Sun Moon Lake is the largest natural lake in Taiwan. In the middle of the lake stands a Pearl Island, also known as Guanghua Island.Sun Lake is located in the north of the island, and Moon Lake is located in the south of the island.The water surface of the lake is relatively high, reaching an altitude of more than 700 meters.Surrounding the pool, there are lush forests, embraced by emerald peaks, the environment is quiet, and the scenery is rugged. In summer, the temperature is only about 20 degrees Celsius, which is cool and pleasant. It is a good place to escape the summer heat.Chiang Kai-shek brought his whole family here, the winter solstice has passed, the cold days are ninety-nine, and the surface of the lake in the mountains is cold to the bones. Of course, he did not come here to escape the heat.Over the past few decades, he has developed a habit of wandering among the famous mountains and rivers with quiet scenery, calmly thinking about military affairs.Judging from Chiang Ching-kuo's diary on December 25th, Christmas Day, Chiang Kai-shek came here to "hold his will and nourish his energy."

In the past few days, a fatalistic and desolate mood has invaded his heart.For the president of the Kuomintang, it can be said that he has exhausted his energy and personnel.He already had to lament: "'People plan things, but God makes them happen', this is really a famous saying with profound historical experience." He finally took a plane from Chengdu Fenghuangshan Airport to leave the mainland at 2:00 pm on December 10.This should be regarded as his last day to leave the mainland.He originally planned to fly from Chengdu to Xichang, and planned to make the final deployment in Xichang. He didn't plan to leave until the end.On the tenth day, Lu Han in Yunnan sent a telegram to Liu Wenhui in Sichuan, asking Liu Wenhui to detain Chiang Kai-shek together with other generals in Sichuan.Hu Zongnan and others advised him to leave Rong and return to Taiwan as soon as possible, not to fly to Xichang first.On the day Chiang Kai-shek's plane left Chengdu, Liu Wenhui and Deng Xihou connected the Sichuan Uprising, and Lu Han also connected the Yunnan Uprising.Jiang Jingguo, who followed him, recorded in his diary: "This time I was in the tiger's den, which was more dangerous than during the Xi'an Incident. Between misfortune and fortune, there is no room for it. Remember, I still have lingering fears."

He arrived in Taipei at 6:30 pm that day.After arriving in Taipei, in the past few days, he rode the old car transported from Nanjing to Taiwan via Shanghai, non-stop, and gave speeches everywhere. The frequency of speeches was far higher than when he was in the mainland, and even the attendants were surprised.He spoke everywhere, expressing that he would sadly accept the lessons of mainland China's failure, and that he would "make a complete transformation at the expense of feelings and face" for the Kuomintang.When he talked about emotions, some of the present also shed tears.A subordinate saw that he was still riding in the old car brought from the mainland in May 1949, and couldn't help but sighed to his companions: "These are all cars bought in the year of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War." It's too old, it should have been replaced—”

Coincidentally, Chiang Kai-shek walked over, heard this, and looked at this person silently.There is no blame or approval in the eyes, only sadness.It took a while to spit out a few words: "The country is in trouble, Fang Yin, there is no need to change." After Chiang Kai-shek fled to Taiwan, he kept in close contact with Hu Zongnan in the southwest by telephone and telegraph.Hu Zongnan and Zhang Zhizhong were previously designated as his successors.Zhang Zhizhong stayed in Beiping with Mao Zedong during the peace negotiations, and now Hu Zongnan is his last hope in the mainland.In mid-December, 300,000 troops led by Hu Zongnan were besieged by the PLA Second Field Army in the Chengdu Basin.The tens of thousands of troops led by Song Xilian were cut off by the People's Liberation Army in southern Sichuan.On the 19th, Song Xilian's troops were wiped out, and Song himself was captured in Jinkouhe, Emei County.Hu Zongnan's army was surrounded in the basin, with no way to escape, no hope of asking for help, unable to move, and had become a turtle in a urn.Hu Zongnan held a military meeting in Xinjin on December 22, the winter solstice, and decided to break out of the siege by splitting the main force to Xichang.However, Hu Zongnan himself lacked confidence in breaking through; the next day, Hu fled to Hainan Island by plane, causing great chaos within the army.On the same day, Li Mi's 8th Army and Yu Chengwan's 26th Corps in Yunnan were also surrounded and annihilated by the PLA.Li Mi led the remaining troops to flee to Burma.Yu Chengwan fled to Hong Kong to work as an apartment.Most of Hu Zongnan's troops revolted or laid down their arms after Hu Fei left, and only a few troops fled to Xichang in southern Sichuan.So far, Hu Zongnan Group, Chiang Kai-shek's last main force on the mainland, has been wiped out.December 25 was Christmas. Chiang Kai-shek wrote in his diary at the Hanbi Building in Sun Moon Lake: "In the past year, party affairs, politics, economy, military affairs, diplomacy, and education have completely failed and are hopeless."

Chiang Kai-shek understood that the fate of him and the Kuomintang had entered the most critical moment in history.The key is to secure Taiwan, and the most urgent task is to win aid from the United States.With U.S. aid, they can make a comeback and compete with Mao Zedong again. Without U.S. aid and protection, the end is indeed coming.At that time, the atmosphere of failure was already strong, and almost no one thought that Chiang Kai-shek could persist in Taiwan for more than a year.However, the U.S. government led by President Truman has openly adopted the so-called "off-the-hands policy" of throwing off the burden on Chiang Kai-shek.

As early as 1948, President Truman and Secretary of State Acheson lost confidence in Chiang Kai-shek.In January 1949, with the support of the United States, Li Zongren forced Chiang to resign.At the end of January, the U.S. military advisory group withdrew from China, and U.S. military assistance to Chiang Kai-shek was also suspended.At that time, some experts on China in the U.S. State Department hoped that Mao Zedong’s CCP would be just a “land reformer,” and that Mao Zedong’s new China would become “the second of Yugoslavia” and maintain equilateral relations with the Soviet Union and the United States. Of course, they hoped that China would fall to the West.Even though Mao Zedong emphasized on June 30 that he would "leave to one side" to the Soviet Union.The United States still believes that it is possible to win over Mao Zedong as "Tito Second".On August 5, the U.S. State Department published the White Paper on Sino-U.S. Relations.This was a very important document in the relationship between China and the United States at that time.The white paper lists the corruption, stupidity, dictatorship, and incompetence of the Chiang Kai-shek clique one by one to explain that the failure of the Kuomintang is self-inflicted, and it is entirely self-inflicted, not the lack of support from the United States. Chiang Ching-kuo’s evaluation of this white paper is, , is tantamount to announcing my government's death certificate and hinting at how to proceed."

After the publication of the white paper, Mao Zedong continued to write a series of articles in Beiping, "Abandon Illusion, Prepare for Struggle" to refute it.There is also a strong demand within the KMT to criticize the white paper.Chiang Kai-shek knew very well that the protection of Taiwan depended on the United States, so he had to take the method of breaking his front teeth and swallowing them, and replied, "No need." He wrote in his diary: "When Jesus was judged, he was wronged. Yes, but he didn't say a word." After the People’s Republic of China was proclaimed in Beijing, public opinion in the United States was divided into three opinions on the issue of recognizing China: one was for immediate or limited recognition; the other was for conditional recognition; and the third was for more active support for Chiang Kai-shek.Public opinion was divided, and Secretary of State Acheson adopted a "dust settled" policy.Acheson announced that "the U.S. government will wait for the dust to settle in Asia before taking further action." As early as February 24, 1949, before the founding of New China, Acheson met with a group of Republicans When advocating assistance to Chiang’s congressmen, these congressmen called for “intensifying assistance to a free China that has not been occupied by the CCP,” and Acheson announced to them: “The forest has just collapsed, and the dust has not yet settled. It is better to wait for the policy toward China.”

While waiting for the dust to settle, in late November 1949, Senator Nolan, the main representative of the "Taiwan Gang" in the US Congress, flew to Chongqing to meet with Chiang Kai-shek.According to "Song Xizhuan's Self-Report", Nolan's account of his trip to Chongqing: Nolan told Chiang Kai-shek, "I hope the national army can support the mainland for six months." The pro-Chiang forces in the United States will prompt President Truman and the State Department to change For China policy, the United States should send troops to assist Chiang Kai-shek.Nolan also said, "If the Soviet Union sends troops to support the Chinese Communist Party, and the Third World War breaks out, the United States has the determination and strength to fight this war." Bundle with yourself.For this reason, Chiang Kai-shek rejected Hu Zongnan and Song Xixun's proposal to withdraw the main force to Xichang, Yunnan, or even to the border between Yunnan and Burma, and urgently ordered Hu Zongnan to transfer his main first army to defend Chongqing, but Hu Zongnanji was unwilling.Then Chiang Kai-shek wanted to defend Chengdu desperately.As a result, the Hu Zongnan Group was wiped out in less than a month.

The meeting with Senator Nolan in Chongqing made Chiang Kai-shek pin his hopes on the United States to send troops to help and break out the Third World War at this critical moment.After he fled back to Taipei on December 10, in addition to commanding Hu Zongnan to defend Chengdu by remote control in Taipei, he also discussed with Taiwan Provincial Chairman Chen Cheng and Executive Premier Yan Xishan on the 13th and 14th to adjust the US policy.He asked Chen Cheng to cede the position of chairman of Taiwan Province to Wu Guojian, who was favored by the Americans.Wu Guoframe graduated from Tsinghua University, and later studied at Princeton University in the United States. He has the nickname "Mr. Democracy".He also had to prepare to promote Sun Liren, the most admired general in the Americans, to the commander-in-chief of the army.Sun Liren is also a graduate of Tsinghua University, and graduated from Purdue University in Indiana and the Virginia Military Academy. He is called "the most Western-style military leader" by American newspapers and "the leader of the pro-American faction in the Taiwan Army."Chiang Kai-shek wanted to curry favor with the Americans by using Wu Guozhen and Sun Liren as Taiwan's "face".He also instructed to formally submit a request to the U.S. government on December 23 to send political, military, and economic advisers to Taiwan to assist in defense work.

At 9:50 am on December 24, Chiang Kai-shek and his family left Taipei to spend Christmas at Sun Moon Lake.The name is for holidays, but the essence is that after a complete failure in the mainland, he chose this place with clear mountains and rivers, thinking about implementing the long-planned reform of the Kuomintang. Mr. Sun Yat-sen, the founder of the Kuomintang, reformed the party every time it encountered a major setback.When Chiang Kai-shek was facing danger, he also followed the example of Sun Yat-sen in reforming the Kuomintang.He cited Sun Yat-sen as a precedent and said: "Whenever the survival of the country and the success or failure of the revolution, (the prime minister) must devote himself to the transformation of the party. In the hands of the prime minister, the party's name has been changed five times, and the party organization has also changed five times. reform.” In January 1949, Chiang Kai-shek went to the field and returned to his hometown in Xikou, where he began to plan for the KMT’s reform.In June, he appointed Chen Lifu, Chen Cheng, Jiang Jingguo and others to design and transform the plan.On July 14, he took the "Party Reform Plan" drafted by Chen Lifu and others to Guangzhou and submitted it to the Central Standing Committee of the Kuomintang for discussion.In the next few months, the Kuomintang army was defeated and fled all over the mainland, and all departments were busy relocating to Taiwan. There was no talk of reform at all.Now, the continent has been lost.It is inseparable from the KMT's move to Taiwan.Acting President Li Zongren did not dare to come to Taiwan, so he went overseas.There are also those who are indifferent and waver, and simply work as an apartment in Hong Kong or Nanyang.Taiwan's economy is facing inflation, production is out of balance, the mood on the streets is gloomy, and people are panicking. Some people are shouting "It's almost dawn."Chiang Kai-shek felt that it was time to pay close attention to reform.On December 25, he wrote in his diary: "Recently, I have been thinking about the reform policy of the party, the government and the army and the starting point. If the current party cannot be completely reformed at this time, it will definitely not be able to bear the effectiveness of revolutionary work. .The second is to rectify the army in order to achieve internal purity and unity.”

Chiang Kai-shek was in Sun Moon Lake, surrounded by rippling water and surrounded by green mountains. The more he thought about it, the more he felt that the failures of the Kuomintang in economics, military affairs, diplomacy, and education were not the biggest failures, but the biggest failures were political failures. The most important reason for political failure is the failure of party building. In the last two days of the end of 1949, he successively called Chen Lifu, Huang Shaogu, Gu Zhenggang, Tao Xisheng, Zheng Yanfen, etc., who were members of the Kuomintang in Taiwan, to come to the Hanbi Building in Sun Moon Lake to discuss the Kuomintang issues with him in the cold wind. retrofit problem.In the diary of these two days, Jiang Jingguo described this with extremely complicated emotions—— (December) 30th Father was going to re-form the party and decided on the policy of reform.It is believed that if this is not the case, there are currently more than 400 members of the Central Committee, not only have different opinions, but also cannot unify their will and concentrate their efforts to carry out a revolution against the Communist International.And if you don't resolutely break the line, you will bury yourself in the fire pit, and it will be futile... (December) thirty-first In the morning, my father was still discussing the party's transformation with his party comrades in the Hanbi Building.My father believes: "The main point of the reform is to thoroughly correct the past mistakes of the whole party in Nanxue, and to completely correct the style of work and leadership in order to transform the revolutionary atmosphere; anyone who cannot thoroughly struggle with the Communist Party in terms of action, life and ideological spirit should automatically quit the party. And let the people with lofty ideals revolutionize and build the country.” With the determination to break the boat, my father came to reform the party, nothing more than to regroup and be self-reliant, so as to achieve the mission of anti-communism and restoring the country. A year that determines the life and death of the country has passed tonight.As time goes by, the horse's teeth grow in vain, and the servants are in the dust. Ask yourself what you are doing?Those who have gone can't bear to recall, and those who come will be even more difficult. Looking at the present, can we not work hard to move forward! On the evening of New Year's Eve, all the officials who came to the Hanbi Building to discuss the reform of the Kuomintang left to reunite with their families to watch the new year.Accompanied by Chiang Ching-kuo, Chiang Kai-shek went fishing in a boat in the pool. Looking at the lonely boat, the setting sun, and the evening water against the old man fishing, Chiang Ching-kuo felt quite sad about the way the hero came from.Suddenly, the rod trembled, the fishing line was tightened, the water splashed, and a big fish five feet long was caught. The boatman picked the right words and said, "President, this is the first time I have seen such a big fish in decades." "Good! Good!" Chiang Kai-shek nodded.He was superstitious all his life and believed in Fengshui alchemy, and he caught big fish on New Year's Eve, which was a good omen of "more than every year".There was a faint smile on his face that he hadn't seen for a long time. The beginning of the new year in 1950 was not auspicious for the Chiang dynasty.President Truman endorsed Secretary of State Acheson's China policy.Truman held a press conference and publicly announced the abandonment of Taiwan; at the same time, the United States announced the withdrawal of its nationals from Taiwan.This is tantamount to giving Chiang Kai-shek a heavy blow.Chiang Kai-shek hastily ordered that Taiwanese newspapers, which are usually under strict news control, cannot publish half a page; only a few people in power understand the seriousness of the situation. Although these days are celebrating the New Year of 1950, in the high-end residential area in Northwest Washington, the Chinese or Americans who come and go in and out of Twin Oaks all look very serious, serious, and some are even very serious. It is heavy, and there is no festive color of celebrating the New Year on the face at all, which is very inconsistent with the atmosphere of the whole city welcoming the New Year after Christmas. The owner of Twin Oaks, Gu Weijun, the ambassador of the Republic of China to the United States, felt that he was in an extremely serious situation. This mansion was originally the residence of the American telephone king Beyer.Bayer invented the telephone, made a fortune, and bought land on the most expensive mountain forest road in the capital city of the United States, and built this big house that was a bit bold at the time.Because there are two big oak trees in front of the residential garden, it is named Double Oak Park.This area has beautiful scenery and lush trees. Commercial organizations are absolutely prohibited from operating here. It is a high-end residential area for dignitaries.The price of each house is not low.As early as the early years of the Anti-Japanese War, the Republic of China bought the Bayer mansion as an embassy.It is said that the price is very good when you buy it. Gu Weijun, a veteran diplomat in the Republic of China who has been in the diplomatic field for decades, is very puzzled by the historical changes during this period. The period around New Year's Day in 1950 is a very special period in the modern history of the world.Truman, Stalin, Mao Zedong and Chiang Kai-shek, the four most important leaders in the middle of the twentieth century, were at the mercy of history and fate, and fell into a strange circle during these days. When Mao Zedong announced that he was "leaning to one side" and fell to Stalin's Soviet Union, he traveled thousands of miles to Moscow and signed a treaty of friendship and mutual assistance. Chiang Kai-shek, who fled to Taiwan, tried every means to please the United States, hoping that the United States would send troops to defend Taiwan, but Truman publicly announced that he would abandon Chiang Kai-shek. , and "send the glances" to Mao Zedong. In the relationship between the three countries and the four parties, the only unfavorable one is Chiang Kai-shek. On December 23, 1949, Chiang Kai-shek instructed the Taiwan authorities to formally submit a request to the U.S. government to send advisers to help defend Taiwan; Special Orders" file.The title of the document is "Instructions on Taiwan Policy Propaganda".The document emphasized: "Everyone expects that the island will fall. Under the rule of the Kuomintang, the civil and military situation there has deteriorated. This situation has further strengthened this estimate." The document also explained why the United States could not send personnel, Weapons and ships will help defend Taiwan or use Taiwan as a base because: "(1) This will not bring actual benefits to the Kuomintang regime; (2) This will involve the United States in long-term adventures. If it is not done well, it may involved in open war; (iii) it would expose the United States to the hostility of the Chinese people; (iv) it would confirm Soviet propaganda and distract the United States in the interest of the Soviet Union." Finally, the document instructs the various departments " In its propaganda to China, it emphasizes the dire situation of Taiwan under the KMT rule” and uses it to make people understand why the KMT is as vulnerable there as it is elsewhere.” This document clearly shows that the United States is ready to abandon the Taiwan authorities. President Truman held a national security meeting at the White House on the afternoon of December 29 to discuss Taiwan's request for defense assistance.General Bradley stated the recommendations of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, advocating assistance to Taiwan.Acheson objected on behalf of the State Department on the grounds that such aid would embarrass the United States among its allies, and major powers such as Britain and India were ready to recognize the new China.In the end, Truman still decided that the United States would adopt a "stand by and watch" policy towards Chiang Kai-shek in Taiwan.The results of the safety meeting were quickly notified to Gu Weijun.Gu Shen felt uneasy. Things that made Gu Weijun confused, painful and uneasy came one after another. At that time, the U.S. Army had only seven divisions, two in Western Europe, four in Japan, and only one division in China.The U.S. military is insufficient to take on the confrontation between the Soviet Union and the United States. As long as Stalin and Mao Zedong form a partner, the United States will appear weaker.This has been a headache for Truman.At the end of December, the United States received a secret report that Mao Zedong was left out in Moscow.Acheson believed that there was an opportunity to take advantage of it. If Mao Zedong could be "Titoized", it would be in the fundamental interests of the United States.Acheson's proposition was more in line with Truman's wishes.Therefore, on January 5, when Mao Zedong's visit to Moscow was delayed, the United States took the opportunity to make an article. Truman held a press conference in Washington and issued a statement on the Taiwan issue to the world.The last two paragraphs of this statement are quoted as follows - The United States has no ambitions for Taiwan or other Chinese territories.The United States has no intention of seeking privileges or establishing military bases in Taiwan, nor does it intend to use its military power to interfere in the status quo.The U.S. government does not take a course that would lead to involvement in the Chinese civil war. Likewise, the U.S. government does not provide military assistance or advice to the Chinese military in Taiwan.The U.S. government believes that Taiwan's resources are sufficient to allow them to obtain the supplies necessary to defend the island.The U.S. government proposes to continue to implement the current Economic Cooperation Agency's financial assistance program within the scope of current legislation. The meaning of Truman's statement is very clear. It stated that in January 1950, the United States had decided to withdraw from the Chinese civil war.On the same day, Acheson held a press conference to further explain Truman's statement.Acheson delivered another famous speech on the basic position of the United States at the National Press Club. Acheson said that what happened in China was part of the historical trend of the Asian people fighting for national independence and getting rid of poverty after the war. revolution.Chiang Kai-shek was not defeated by military superiority, but abandoned by the Chinese people.US aid can only play a limited role, and cannot provide "determination", "will" and "loyalty to the government" to the people of other countries.Acheson repeatedly emphasized that the United States must not do some stupid things to replace Russia's "unenviable position", but insist on the position that "whoever destroys China's territorial integrity is the enemy of the United States". At the same time, the US government has announced that it is preparing to withdraw its nationals in Taiwan. In a certain sense, it can be said that the words of Truman and Acheson were addressed not only to Chiang Kai-shek, but also to Mao Zedong. For Gu Weigou, the Kuomintang government's ambassador to the United States, the above news was of course very frustrating.He also received reports that the United Kingdom has notified the U.S. government that it intends to recognize the CCP regime on January 7 or at the latest on January 9.This means that many countries in the Commonwealth of Nations will follow suit one after another.Among Asian countries, just after the New Year, Pakistan recognized the CCP regime, and Ceylon also recognized it on the 6th.Then came Afghanistan and Israel.In Europe, Norway, Denmark, Finland, Sweden and Switzerland quickly followed suit.The rapid recognition of the CCP regime by many countries put him in an unusual and embarrassing situation as a diplomatic representative of the Kuomintang regime. These news alarmed the Kuomintang people in the United States and angered the "Taiwan faction" in the U.S. Congress. Song Ziwen was very worried about the development of the situation in Hong Kong. He once called Gu Weigou several times a day and complained about Chiang Kai-shek's fault. .It is to ask Ambassador Gu to solve the asset problem of China Airlines in Hong Kong for him.Hu Shi and Jiang Tingwei came to Shuangoak Park worriedly to express their concern about the development of the situation and put forward some useful or useless suggestions.The leaders of the Republican Party in Congress known as the "Taiwan Gang", Nolan, Smith, Zhou Yide, and Lodge, all came to meet with Gu to express their dissatisfaction with the government's Taiwan policy. The House and Senate continue to debate.At this time, Li Zongren, who had come to the United States for medical treatment, still had the title of acting president, and asked Gu Weijun to arrange for him to meet with President Truman as an ambassador.An official from the U.S. State Department said that he had received a direct phone call from Chiang Kai-shek, asking the U.S. not to treat Li Zongren as a VIP, and that Chiang’s wife Soong Mei-ling, who had been in the U.S. for more than a year, also needed his care.A few days ago, Dong Xianguang, who had a deep relationship with Chiang Kai-shek, came to Twin Oaks to convey Chiang's message, and he must do his duty at this critical moment and not resign. In the current complex situation of reversal, Gu Weijun felt that it was becoming more and more difficult to be the ambassador of the Twin Oaks Mansion. As the representative of the Republic of China in the United States, Gu Weijun is very sensitive and familiar with the development and changes of the US government's China policy after World War II.He was a seasoned and seasoned diplomat, who was known as "the elder of China's diplomatic circles" at that time, and he had been active in the political arena of the Republic of China for the longest time.At the age of 30, he fought for the interests of the Chinese nation at the Paris Peace Conference after the First World War, which even impressed the international people. It was the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 to discuss the Shandong issue. At that time, the Japanese representative wanted to inherit the defeated country Germany unconditionally. As for the rights in Shandong, Gu Weijun, as a representative of China, spoke immediately, stating the reasons why China should directly take back the rights in Shandong Province, comparing Confucius to Nasu and Shandong to Jerusalem, especially emphasizing that China cannot abandon Shandong, just as the West cannot lose its holy city ​​Jerusalem.As soon as he said this, US President Wilson, British Prime Minister George George, and French President Clemenceau all came forward to shake hands and congratulate.He made a majestic speech and refused to sign the peace treaty, leaving room for the country to take back the Shandong Peninsula in the future. He became famous in the diplomatic circles. Since then, he has served five times as the foreign minister, the finance minister, and the three prime ministers. He used to be the ambassador to Britain and France, and has served as the ambassador to the United States for several years.He had dealt with many great figures, and Mr. Sun Yat-sen died in Gu's residence in Tieshi Hutong, Beijing.He has also dealt with Chiang Kai-shek for many years.He believed that Chiang Kai-shek's greatest advantage was that he was an outstanding patriot, but he was also familiar with many of Chiang's shortcomings.In recent years, what makes him particularly regretful is that when the New China was rising on the mainland and the Kuomintang was retreating steadily, Chiang Kai-shek was so unconscious that he thought that the third world war was about to break out, and the Soviet Union and the United States would go to war, so China would once again go to war. Play an important role.Chiang Kai-shek's resignation and various efforts to make a comeback in Taiwan are based on the outbreak of the Third World War as an important basis.As soon as the war breaks out, the United States will actively resume aid, the Allied forces will fight, and Chiang will return to the mainland, just like returning to Nanjing from his accompanying capital Chongqing.During the Anti-Japanese War, the Pearl Harbor incident in the Pacific Ocean involved the United States in World War II. As an ally of the United States, China received a steady stream of American aid; Roosevelt asked Chiang Kai-shek to attend the Cairo Conference as the leader of the fourth largest country for strategic needs. Chiang Kai-shek's reputation has been improved. In the current adversity, Chiang Kai-shek is still revisiting the dream of the year, and some celebrities in the United States also believe that a world war is about to break out, which has fueled Chiang Kai-shek's fantasy.Gu Weijun himself is very sober, and he agrees with Mr. Nehru's point of view: there will be no world war in the next five or six years, and all major countries have fully experienced the cruelty, disaster and hardship of a world war.No politician, therefore, will resort to war unless compelled by insurmountable circumstances.Gu Weijun regretted that Chiang Kai-shek did not understand this view, which led Chiang and many KMT officials to believe that a world war was imminent, which in turn led to the adoption of various wrong policies. People who are sober often suffer. Gu Weijun has no choice but to try to persuade those leaders not to believe that a world war is about to break out, and not to think that once a war breaks out, they can return to the mainland.However, no matter how much he said, it was in vain.Especially in Chinese society, the words of leaders are often regarded as the pillars to support a dangerous building.He had no choice but to do nothing. After Truman issued a statement on the Taiwan issue on January 5, Song Meiling felt that she could no longer stay in the United States, and decided to return to China on January 10.She left the mainland and came to the United States in November 1948. At that time, she never thought that it was the day she said goodbye to the mainland.She now had to fly from New York to Manila on a Pan Am flight.Chiang Kai-shek would send a special plane to Manila to pick her up and return to Taipei; Gu Weigou went to the Philippine embassy in the United States to handle the formalities for her to land and transfer in Manila.According to the original plan, Song Meiling came to the United States to encourage the United States to provide Chiang Kai-shek with US$3 billion in aid.She came at the wrong time!Chiang Kai-shek spent a lot of money to help Republican New York Governor Dewey run for president.Republicans blatantly accused Democrats that President Truman's administration had failed to provide Chiang Kai-shek with the money necessary to defeat Mao Zedong's army.Chiang Kai-shek also asked Gu Weijun to award Dewey a special auspicious star medal on behalf of Chiang Kai-shek.But Dewey lost the campaign.Truman was re-elected president by a narrow majority.Truman will never forget what Chiang Kai-shek did in the presidential election of the United States. Song Meiling came to the United States this time, but she could no longer create a "Song Meiling whirlwind" like she did during the Anti-Japanese War last time.This time, there was no red carpet in Washington.She was not invited to spend the night at the White House.No one invited her to the Senate and House of Representatives to deliver an emotional speech.Only the retired Secretary of State Marshall took her as a personal friend and took her to live in a private house for a few days.Truman, who had just been re-elected as president, did not want to cater to the "Taiwan gang" of the Republican Party.Truman not only did not give her face, but also unceremoniously revealed to the press that the total amount of aid provided by the United States to Chiang had exceeded 3.8 billion US dollars, but it still could not save Chiang from his failure in the mainland.Truman taunted him and said, "She came to America to get some more handouts. I wouldn't want her to live in the White House like Roosevelt did. I don't think she would like living in the White House much either, but what she likes or doesn't like I don't care at all." Soong Meiling was rejected by Truman and could not perform miracles as in the past. She left Washington angrily and lived in seclusion in the villa of Kong Xiangxi's family in Riverdale. In the early morning of January 10, 1950, Gu Weijun took the night train from Washington to New York, and saw off Song Meiling who was returning home at LaGuardia Airport.When he arrived, she had already boarded the gangway of the plane.He still had time to say goodbye to her.She asked him to take a picture with her on the gangway.From a distance, she is wearing a cheongsam, and she still looks elegant and luxurious.It was only from a close look that he noticed that her face was tired and sad, and her eyes were sad.He couldn't help but hear the voice of her "radio speech to the United States" on the New York radio station yesterday (9th) evening, under the arrangement of a friend: In a few days, I will go back to China.I am not going back to Nanjing, Chongqing, Shanghai or Guangzhou. I am not going back to our mainland. I want to go back to the island of Taiwan where my people live. .With or without aid, we must fight on.We have not failed.