Chapter 44 carnival day

By 6 o'clock in the morning on August 1, according to Liu Bocheng's general calculations, all the enemy troops in Nanchang City had been wiped out, more than 3,000 enemies had been wiped out, more than 5,000 guns, more than 700,000 bullets, and several cannons were handed over. The uprising succeeded.Despite the sound of gunfire all night, the citizens were calm as usual, and all industries opened their doors as usual that day, operating independently, in order.What was left on the night of the riots, apart from the numerous bullet marks everywhere, was that there were more soldiers with red ties around their necks all over the streets.

They gathered around in clusters, chatting cordially, and some ran excitedly, greeting loudly: "Are you here too?" "Comrade, you played well!" Here, at this moment, regardless of Whether you know each other or not, seeing each other is like a brother and old friend reunited after a long absence. The joy of victory hangs on everyone's brows; here, at this moment, whether you know each other or not, you can put your feelings intolerable for a long time You can pour out your worries, grief, anger and terror to your heart's content, and you don't have to worry about any danger anymore.Now, this is the world of the workers and peasants themselves!Newspapers were also published.What attracted the most attention in the newspapers was the telegram from Commander Ye Ting to Zhang Fakui, Commander of the 11th Army, explaining the meaning of the riot and advising him not to abandon the cadres and the broad revolutionary masses who had shared weal and woe, but to come to Nanchang immediately to face the crisis and revive the army. Revolutionary voice.The telegram is full of reason and righteousness, which makes people with a little sense of justice unable to be tempted.

When the uprising leaders Zhou Enlai and Ye Ting walked into the street, everyone they knew cheered.But Zhou Enlai didn't have much joy on his face.He was too tired after not sleeping for a few days, and he was thin and tired due to the heavy psychological burden and lack of sleep after the uprising.He walked on the street after the victory, his footsteps were still fast, and it seemed that people always saw his profile.There was always something in his eyes with an inextinguishable spark, in his stern expression that attracted people, even when he didn't say something wise.He and Ye Ting chatted while walking. "I didn't expect the riot to go so smoothly." Zhou Enlai, who has always been meticulous, thought a lot about everything, and he was a little surprised at the victory that came overnight.

"Smooth is better than bad." The taciturn Ye Ting stepped forward, his leather boots rattling on the road.He also did not expect the uprising to go so smoothly.His troops have fought too many vicious battles, and it seems that they are not satisfied with this kind of battle that seems to be smooth. Zhou Enlai and Ye Ting were going to the old provincial government, where the most important meeting after the uprising was to be held.The meeting room is located in the Xihua Hall of the old provincial government—I don’t know whether it’s a hint of history or a pure coincidence. The name of the place where Zhou Enlai presided over the first meeting of the red regime is actually the same as the place where he presided over the State Council meeting of the Republic 20 years later, as well as the office, The place name of his home is the same as Xihuating; from Nanchang to Zhongnanhai, there is a historical bridge.Zhou Enlai walked through the porch and into the West Flower Hall.This is a rectangular conference room about ten meters long and six or seven meters wide. There is a rectangular table about eight or nine meters long in the middle, surrounded by dozens of high-backed wooden chairs, and a portrait of Sun Yat-sen is hung on the west wall. The rostrum is arranged below, only the podium, not the podium.

Zhou Enlai saw papers, newspapers and various publicity materials piled up everywhere.There are already many people sitting in the hall. This is a joint meeting of the Chinese Communists and the leftists of the Kuomintang. Seven members of the Central Committee in Nanchang attended the meeting: Tan Pingshan, Wu Yuzhang, Peng Zemin, Yun Daiying, Lin Boqu, Han Linfu, Gao Yuhan; Zhang Shushi, representative of the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee, Meng Xiangjian and Wang Jiheng, representatives of Shunzhi, and Cai Hongqian, representative of Fujian , Harbin represents Mu Jingzhou, Hunan represents Xu Chili, Zou Jingfang, Fang Weixia, Shanxi represents Wang Yide, Gansu represents Li Sen, Sichuan represents Liu Bocheng, Li Jiazhong, Xinjiang represents Zhang Kaiyun, Northeast represents Chen Rixin, Anhui represents Zhu Yunshan, Huang Lingbiao, Chen Hanzhang, Shanghai represents Ding Xiaoxian, Suiyuan representative Zhang Juemin, Zhejiang representative Wang Guansan, Guangdong representative Peng Pai, Shen Shoujiao, Guangxi representative Huang Rikui, Chen Juxi, Hubei representative Li Lisan, Jiangxi representative Jiang Jihuan, Luo Shibing, Huang Dao, Li Guisheng, Xiao Bingzhang, Deng Heming, Jiang Muxiu, Rao Sicheng, overseas Party branch representative: Ou Zhi Representative Xiong Yujiu, Rizhi representatives Pan Xianjia, Siamese representatives Ling Genzu and Deng Yiyi, Cuban representatives Dong Fangcheng, etc., a total of more than 40 people.

Zhang Guotao sat on the grand master's chair with an elusive expression on his face.He stared at Zhou Enlai, as if he had something to say to him.Zhang Guotao's negative attitude towards the Nanchang Uprising made the uprising people no longer pay attention to him.And he was embarrassed himself.This made him the highest and most leisurely person in the Nanchang Uprising.Originally, he wanted to return to Hankou to report to the Central Committee, but due to traffic barriers, he could not make the trip, so he had to act with the army.He felt that not only Tan Pingshan looked down on him, but even Zhou Enlai, Li Lisan, Yun Daiying and other comrades were dissatisfied with his opposition to riots and illusions about Zhang Fakui.The uprising was victorious, and Zhang Guotao felt that his "leadership prestige" had been hit. Apart from attending the meetings of the Front Enemy Committee as usual, everything was more negative.During the meeting, instead of sitting in the center, move the chairs to the wall.Zhang Guotao stared at Zhou Enlai, he was thinking about Zhou Enlai in his heart.

"Zhou Enlai, who served as the secretary of the Front Enemy Committee, could have taken on the responsibility of political leadership, but he did not do so. He did not talk much about political issues, and even seldom called meetings of the Front Enemy Committee. Even when meetings were held, important policies were not discussed. Zhou Enlai, who also served as the director of the staff of the Revolutionary Committee, paid attention to military issues. He probably wanted to achieve military victory so that the insurgent army could gain a foothold in the Dongjiang area of ​​Guangdong. Perhaps he thought that everything had to wait for military victory Furthermore, if you talk too much about political leadership too early, you are either empty talk or asking for trouble. Most important figures in the CCP, such as Li Lisan, have a similar state of mind to Zhou Enlai, and generally emphasize that riots are justified. Anyone who doubts or Whoever raises an objection is wavering and not firm enough." This is a passage from Zhang Guotao discussing Zhou Enlai in "My Memories".

Zhang Guotao's conclusion is: "This kind of idealistic view regardless of success or failure is the root of putschism." Zhang Guotao's stubbornness and prejudice are deeply rooted in his heart.He didn't like He Long either, so he whispered in Zhou Enlai's ear when he was free: He Long was a bandit, and he participated in the riot because we promised him a high-ranking official in the Second Front Army Commander-in-Chief?Such a person cannot be reused; Ye Ting also looks down on him: taciturn and serious, how can this unite the masses, how can it educate the masses?Whether Zhang Guotao liked it or not, Zhou Enlai arranged for Ye Ting to report on the uprising first.Then discuss the formation of a provisional government, called the "Chinese Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee".

There are two opinions on whether Zhang Fakui, Huang Qixiang, and Zhu Huiri were elected to the revolutionary committee. Li Lisan still insisted on the initial discussion before the riot: "Zhang Fakui has obviously turned to Wang Jingwei. Wang Jingwei is the target of our revolution. Are we going to overthrow the master and save the 'running dog'? I firmly oppose the absorption of Zhang Fakui!" Tan Pingshan's status in both the Kuomintang and the Communist Party is very special: on the Kuomintang side, he is regarded as a member of the old alliance and a figure very close to Sun Yat-sen; The title of director of the Revolutionary Committee is likely to fall on his head, so the words are particularly magnanimous: "I still say the same old saying, it is better to have more revolutionaries. Besides, 80% of the Revolutionary Committee are our comrades." , adding one or two centrists or centre-rights will not affect the overall situation, what do you think?"

According to Zhang Guotao's situation at the time, he didn't want to speak at first, but when he heard Tan Pingshan's words, he regained his spirit: "I agree with Pingshan's opinion. People like Zhang Fakui are the ones who just slap him and come over with a slap. Why not?" Pull him here to completely isolate Wang Jingwei and Chiang Kai-shek and strengthen the revolutionary camp." Zhou Enlai said: "Zhang Fakui is indeed a pivotal figure in the army. But we have done a lot of work, including the telegram sent to him by Comrade Ye Ting today, but we have not received any response from him. This cannot but make us doubt his interest in the revolution. Sincerity. Do you think it should be included or not?” Because there were many members of the Kuomintang present, Zhou Enlai could not speak too seriously, and he could not insist on his own opinions too much.Except for Li Lisan, Yun Daiying and a few Communist Party members who raised their hands to express firm opposition, most people took a wait-and-see attitude.Zhou Enlai had no choice but to make a compromise choice: "Then let's include it first."

In this way, a revolutionary committee composed of 25 people was created.They are: Zhou Enlai, Tan Pingshan, Zhang Guotao, Ye Ting, Peng Pai, He Long, Li Lisan, Xu Teli, Lin Boqu, Wu Yuzhang, Song Qingling, Guo Moruo, Su Zhaozheng, Yun Daiying, Deng Yanda, Peng Zemin, Zhang Shushi, Jiang Hao, Yu Youren, Chen Youren, He Xiangning , Jing Hengyi, Zhang Fakui, Huang Qixiang, Zhu Huiri. The seven members of the presidium are: Song Qingling, Deng Yanda, Tan Pingshan, He Long, Guo Moruo, Yun Daiying and Zhang Fakui.Soong Ching Ling was elected chairman of the Revolutionary Committee.She was in Shanghai at the time, but when she got the news of the Nanchang riots, she immediately publicly expressed her support.Everyone remembers what she said: "The Nanchang riots expressed the high determination of an unconquerable nation." The 7 members of the presidium are called the chairman.But Tan Pingshan has a special status.Since Soong Ching Ling and Deng Yanda were not in Nanchang, and Zhang Fakui was not coming, Guo Moruo was not here, and He Long was leading the troops. Only Tan Pingshan and Yun Daiying were in charge of the presidium, so naturally Tan took the lead. On August 2, the Revolutionary Committee carried out a number of appointments.Tan Pingshan served as the chairman, Wu Yuzhang served as the secretary-general, and the staff group was the most spectacular. In addition to Liu Bo as the chief of staff, Zhou Enlai, He Long, Ye Ting, Zhu De, Nie Rongzhen, He Jinzhai, Cai Tingkai, and Zhang Guotao were all members.Military aspects: He Longdai was appointed as the commander-in-chief of the Second Front Army, who is also the commander of the 20th Army, Ye Ting was appointed as the commander-in-chief of the former enemy and the commander of the 11th Army, Zhu De was the deputy commander of the Ninth Army, and Guo Moruo was the director of the General Political Department.In addition, Lin Boqu served as the chairman of the Finance Committee, Zhang Guotao served as the chairman of the Agricultural and Industrial Movement Committee, Zhang Shushi served as the chairman of the Party Affairs Committee, and Li Lisan served as the director of the Political Security Department.At the same time, Zhu Peide was removed from the post of chairman of Jiangxi Province, and Jiang Jihuan was still the acting chairman. Other matters, such as the promulgation of the "Joint Meeting Declaration", "Letter from the Communist Party of China to the Revolutionary Comrades of the Kuomintang", "August 1st Uprising Propaganda Outline", "Agrarian Revolution Propaganda Outline", etc., have all been prepared one by one.The Revolutionary Committee issued a shocking order: Chiang Kai-shek is wanted!Wang Jingwei is wanted! In the afternoon, a meeting was held to celebrate the founding of the Revolutionary Committee and the swearing-in of the members at the stadium next to the Imperial Palace. Many newspapers in Jiangxi reported the grand occasion of the day: In addition to all the committee members and dozens of representatives of various groups, there were more than 200 people's organizations. Sincerely, Nanchang is an unprecedented grand event, and it is also a good omen for the Chinese revolution to open a new era. The sun testified: there was a frenzied flow of people offstage, and on the stage, all committee members took over the heavy seals, and overnight, Nanchang became the red capital.The topic of riots became a hot topic.