Chapter 25 Uprising figures——Liu Bocheng and Zhu De were rivals

Another person whose experience is somewhat similar to Ye Jianying's and who went to the August 1st uprising is Liu Bocheng, a famous general of the Sichuan Army.Liu Bocheng's long military career began in the general school run by the Shu Military Government in Chongqing.There, he was an outstanding soldier, not only excellent in academics and military skills, but also well-behaved and upright.He doesn't smoke or drink, doesn't care about gambling, and has no bad habits. He is called the "Bodhisattva" in the army by his classmates.In the war against Yuan and the army of protecting the country, he always took the lead and went to the front line to command.When he led his troops to attack Fengdu City Gate, he was shot twice in the head, one bullet scratched the top of his skull, and the other bullet entered from the right temple and exited through the right eye.He passed out in a pool of blood.

Several soldiers found him among the corpses, carried him to the post office in the city to rest, and invited the pharmacist to apply some herbs to stop the bleeding.There was no stretcher when the troops moved, so Liu Bocheng was packed into a basket, with a quilt on his head, and was jolted and carried to the campsite.At this time, he was still enduring severe pain and strongly advocated holding a memorial service for the fallen soldiers.When everyone saw him appearing with bandages all over his head, they all shed hot tears.After the disintegration of the army, in order to avoid the search and capture of the Beiyang Army, comrade Kang Yuncheng and others braved hardships and dangers to protect Liu Bocheng and ran around, and later hid in a local farmer's house.The farmer is generous, giving food and finding medicine for him.

Kang Yuncheng stayed by Liu Bocheng's side all the time, washing his wounds and changing his dressings.Two or three months later, Liu Bocheng's body gradually recovered.After that, they changed their names and surnames, disguised themselves and sneaked to Chongqing for medical treatment.He was treated for a brain injury at Kuanren Hospital first, and then transferred to a private clinic run by a German in Linjiangmen for eye injuries.Dr. Wo of the clinic is very skilled in medicine, especially in surgical operations.Liu Bocheng had two surgeries in this private clinic. Mr. Wang Erchang witnessed both operations.He recorded this process in popular classical Chinese.The writing is so vivid that it is unbearable to rewrite it again. The respectful record is as follows: The first operation was just to cut off the carrion and straighten out the blood vessels, and it took a while.A few days later, when Dr. A (that is, Dr. Wo) brought the artificial eye prepared for the general from Germany, the injured eye regenerated with carrion, especially more than before, so a second operation was performed.Due to the need to cooperate with artificial eyes, the second operation lasted nearly 3 hours.At that time, the general refused to administer anesthesia, and said: "Save the country and the people, the future will be long, and the safety will damage the nerves?" Doctor Ah is a famous doctor, arrogant, and has the bad habit of militarism. Of.During the first operation, the general sat still. Doctor Ah nodded repeatedly and said, "Good! Good!" The second operation has been going on for a long time, but the general's skin does not twitch and his complexion does not change.

After the bandage was finished, Doctor Ah saw that the handle of the chair held by the general was dripping with sweat, and asked in surprise, "Does it hurt?" The general said: "Every time a knife is cut, remember the secret number, and it is sure to be correct." In the past, Hua Tuo treated Guan Yu with "Mabosan" for general anesthesia, and only used the knife on the arm and ear.The general healed his wounds twice, and the rest of them personally waited on his left and right sides. Witnessing his Shen Xiong's determination made the Western doctors astonished, and the militarism was astonishing. It must be thousands of Guan Yu.

No wonder Dr. Wo, who was like a Prussian soldier, raised his thumbs up and praised people in a very admiring tone: This Liu Mingzhao (Liu Bocheng's pseudonym) is not only a standard soldier, but also a military god!As a result, the nickname of "One-eyed Army God" spread like wildfire.The war to protect the law began, and Liu Bocheng was appointed chief of staff of the Ninth Brigade.At first, his colleagues thought he was incomplete and disabled, so they looked at him coldly.But when it comes to actual battles, Liu Bocheng's wisdom and bravery often convince them.In the use of troops, he is meticulous, rigorous and bold, and often wins by surprise.His heroic and fearless spirit is even rarer in ordinary soldiers.As a result, his reputation gradually spread.

In the autumn and winter of 1923, Liu Bocheng had been treating his injuries in Chengdu.What troubled him was not only the physical pain, but also the worry about the future.After he left the army due to injury, the war against thieves turned from victory to defeat. First Chongqing was won but then lost again, and then Chengdu was also threatened by heavy enemy troops.Liu Bocheng was distressed by the defeat of the bandit army and the reversal of the situation in Sichuan, but also had to seriously think about his future destination.At this moment, Wu Yuzhang appeared in front of him. Wu Yuzhang is a member of the Old League, who participated in the struggle to overthrow the Qing Dynasty in the Revolution of 1911, and is a well-known figure in all walks of life in Sichuan.When Wu Yuzhang was the principal of Chengdu Higher Normal School, he founded the "Sunday" publication with Yun Daiying, Yang Angong and others, advocating new culture, new ideas, and propagating Marxism. He met Liu Bocheng who pursued progress.Wu Yuzhang knew Liu Bocheng's personality well, and he admired his military ability very much.He learned that Liu Bocheng was recuperating in Chengdu, and he would go to Liu Bocheng's residence almost every three or five days to visit his illness and introduce Marxist theory.Wu Yuzhang also brought a friend to Liu Bocheng, who had a profound influence on Liu Bocheng's life.He is Yang Angong.

Yang Angong is from Tongnan, Sichuan, and studied in Japan in his early years. In 1922, he joined the Chinese Socialist Youth League and engaged in Marxist propaganda activities.He paid great attention to finding outstanding talents and planned to establish a Communist Party organization.Yang Angong observed Liu Bocheng carefully, and found that he was very alert, clear-headed, and ambitious. He was very happy to have this friend. If we say that at the end of 1923, Liu Bocheng was still in the stage of observation, thinking, comparison, and selection, and it was even difficult to let go of the old life; then, in the spring of 1924, after repeated research and in-depth thinking, he had consciously and obviously began to move closer to communism.At that time, the situation in Sichuan's war against thieves was becoming increasingly unfavorable, and Chengdu was at stake.Xiong Kewu, the commander of the first army, and others went out in person to urge Liu Bocheng to go into battle with his injuries in order to save the battle.Lai Xinhui, the former commander-in-chief of the enemy, asked Wang Erchang to send a message, saying that he would ask Liu Bo to be the division commander.Liu Bocheng lowered his face: "Erchang, you and I have been together for so many years, don't you know my ambitions?" Yue Wu Muyun: "Wenchen officials don't love money, military officials don't hesitate to die, the world is peaceful!" I have been in the army for several years, and I have always been Regardless of personal life, the family is even more selfless, and when encountering an enemy, they can risk their lives in order to save the country and the people. Looking at the current world, internal and external troubles, the country will not be the country; The purpose is to save the people from suffering, not to win fame and show glory." Wang Erchang was still persuading: "The commander-in-chief is sincere to you. This opportunity should not be missed." Hearing this, Liu Bocheng was even more displeased: "These people in power are always looking after their own self-interest. I can see them through. They refuse to entrust important tasks when things are going well, and they want to seduce them with honors and salary when the situation is critical. They really have no eyes!" Wang Erchang still often comes to persuade.Liu Bocheng was upset, so he hid at Zhang Zhongming's house in Wutongqiao, Qianwei County to recuperate.In his spare time, he read many revolutionary theoretical books.

In the late summer of 1924, after Xiong Kewu's First Army forces were expelled from Sichuan, Liu Xiang, Yang Sen and others took control of the political power and persecuted progressives wantonly.He told Liu Paicheng that the Chinese Communist Party is very active in Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou and other places.Liu Bocheng really wanted to step into that world.At the end of autumn of this year, Liu Bocheng and Wu Yuzhang arrived in Shanghai via Guizhou and Hunan. At the beginning of the second year, he and Wu Yuzhang rushed to Beijing again. In late June, they came to Guangzhou together again.Along the way, Liu Bocheng felt that something new happened every day: he saw the anti-imperialist sentiments of the masses erupting like a volcano; he saw the Communist Party attracting promising young people like a magnet...

In May 1926, through the introduction of Yang Angong and Wu Yuzhang, Liu Bocheng got his wish and officially became a member of the Communist Party of China. After the Northern Expedition began, according to the vision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the real situation in Sichuan, the Chongqing Prefectural Committee made a suggestion to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China: If we want to support Zhu De and Liu Bocheng in central Sichuan, it is possible to form a series of troops.He also proposed a specific plan for Liu Bocheng to organize the old ministry and launch an armed uprising in Huzhou and Shunqing.The central government agreed with this plan and sent people to strengthen military operations.During this period, Liu Bocheng basically followed Wu Yuzhang to and from Shanghai, Guangzhou and other places. In mid-November, Yang Angong, Zhu De, Liu Bocheng and others held an emergency meeting at the home of Liu Paicheng in Chongqing. According to the intention of the Central Committee, the Military Committee of the Chongqing Prefectural Committee of the Communist Party of China was established, consisting of Yang Angong, Zhu De, and Liu Bocheng. Secretary of the Military Commission.

When Zhu De just walked into Liu Bocheng's home, the two held hands for a long time, smiling on their lips, but they were full of words in their hearts.Those in the know laughed.Among the ten marshals of the Republic, the two were the oldest, and they were the earliest to know each other. But they were rivals, but it is not known to everyone: as early as 1916, both Zhu De and Liu Bocheng participated in the war of protecting the country against Yuan Shikai's restoration of the imperial system.At that time, Zhu De served as the regiment commander of the Yunnan Army that entered Sichuan to participate in the war, and Liu Bocheng served in the Sichuan Army.After the war, Sichuan gradually formed a situation of warlord separatism, and wars continued to occur. In 1917, in order to eliminate the influence of another warlord Liu Cunhou, the warlord Xiong Kewu sent Liu Bocheng as a representative to Huzhou in southern Sichuan to negotiate with the troops of the Yunnan warlord Tang Jiyao, intending to jointly expel Liu Cunhou.During this negotiation, Liu Aicheng got acquainted with Zhu De.However, in 1920, Tang Jiyao attempted to seize the ruling power in Sichuan and attempted to unite with other Sichuan warlords to expel Xiong Kewu.As a result, Xiong Kewu united with various warlords in Sichuan and expelled the troops stationed in Sichuan and Yunnan from Sichuan by using the slogan of "people from Sichuan rule Sichuan and expel guest troops".In this war, Liu Bocheng led his troops to fight against the Yunnan Army and won consecutive victories, while Zhu De's Yunnan Army suffered successive defeats and retreated from Chengdu to Guizhou.

Later, Zhu De went abroad and became a member of the Communist Party after returning.Just when he was appointed by the party to come to Wanxian, Sichuan to instigate the warlord Yang Senyizhi to participate in the Northern Expedition, but he was helpless because of Yang Sen's repeated breach of trust, and he came together with Liu Bocheng, whom he admired deeply. Naturally, he was surprised and happy , I have a lot to say. The closeness of these two old soldiers in the future is very well known: after the liberation of the whole country, at a foreign-related reception, some foreign guests and foreign military officers, out of admiration for Zhu De, rushed to toast Zhu De, which made Zhu De overwhelmed.Liu Bocheng took the initiative to socialize, and instead of Zhu De, he drank the left and right glasses of the foreign guest's toast.He didn't know how to drink, but after drinking so much, he collapsed after the banquet.The next day, both the secretary and the guard complained that he could not drink and should not "play it brave".But he said humorously: "You guys know what it is! I'm accepting meritorious service on behalf of Boss Zhu, and it's an honor to receive the award for Boss Zhu! Otherwise, Boss Zhu won't be able to bear it!" On December 1, the Huzhou Uprising broke out ahead of schedule, and on the 3rd, an uprising broke out in Shunqing.Considering that Shunqing was the planned base to rely on, it was decided that Liu Bocheng would go to Hechuan as originally planned to lead the uprising of Huang Muyan's tribe, and then support Shunqing to preside over and direct the entire uprising. On the evening of the 5th, when Liu Bocheng arrived in Hechuan, Huang Muyan's department had already received an urgent call from Shunqing and left the station.So, Liu Bocheng put on his cane, chased all night in the torrential rain, and finally caught up with the rebels at Daheba.Liu Bocheng himself was so tired that he was out of breath and couldn't stand up for a long time.But he still persevered, and discussed with Huang Muyan and others about the route of the army.In the early morning of the next day, Liu Bocheng led his troops to point north and head straight for Shunqing. However, the reactionary warlords in Sichuan soon rushed towards the rebel army.However, the rebel army in Huzhou did not move northward for a long time. The enemy army overwhelmed the city, and the rebel army decided to withdraw from Shunqing.During the retreat, they met with the enemy army. While the enemy rushed with death squads, they shouted and incited in front of the formation, causing the wavering elements in the rebel army to abandon their guns and flee, and even turned against each other, pushing the rebel army into a dangerous situation. among.Liu Bocheng suggested that the rebel army temporarily withdraw from Kaijiang County for rectification. In late December, Liu Bocheng led a rebel army of more than 2,000 people to Kaijiang.At this time, the reactionary warlord Yang Sen suffered a disastrous attack on the Northern Expeditionary Army in Wuhan, so he pretended to be inclined to the revolution, welcomed the rebel army, and invited Liu Bocheng and Yang Angong to guide the work in Wanxian County.Therefore, Liu Bocheng and Yang Angong arrived in Wanxian one after another, and together with Zhu De, they studied the changes in the current situation, discussed the work on Yang Sen's department, and used him to contain Liu Xiang, another Sichuan warlord.However, all these beautiful ideas were wiped out by the betrayal of the Chiang Kai-shek clique. Leading the Huzhou Uprising was Liu Bocheng's first command of a military operation after joining the Communist Party. Now, the burden of defending the city of Huzhou fell on him again.Lai Xinhui, who was attacking the city, was an old acquaintance of Liu Bocheng. He knew that Liu Bocheng was good at using troops, but relying on his strength, he continued to attack again and again, but they all retreated miserably.He became a "ghost": while attacking, he sent a large number of spies into the city to instigate rebellion.After these spies entered the city, they went to various ministries to carry out secret activities, all of which were exposed and cracked by the rebel army.Liu Bocheng ordered that the 10 masterminds be executed immediately.Although Liu Bocheng has been fighting hard for days, he has never had any official status; Liu Xiang, who has defected to Chiang Kai-shek, is also clamoring: "Liu Nibocheng, according to the danger and resistance of the army, in the name of a private company, recently responded to the traitors in Wuhan and conspired to usurp it." This made Wu Yuzhang very dissatisfied with the Wuhan government.After his repeated efforts, in early May, the Wuhan government finally gave Liu Bocheng a clear statement: he was appointed as the temporary commander of the 15th Army of the National Revolutionary Army.At this time, Shanghai was already an isolated city.Food and ammunition are extremely difficult.Liu Bocheng received a notification from the central government confirming that Yang Sen had sent troops to Yichang to attack the Nationalist Government in Wuhan.In this way, the Chongqing Military Commission's original plan to use Yang Sen to contain Liu Xiang has failed.Liu Bocheng advocated retreat.However, Chen Lanting and Pi Guangming, the leaders of the other two rebels, were uncharacteristically calm about the imminent matter and refused to withdraw.Little did Liu Bocheng know, it turned out that they had already reached a tacit agreement with Lai Xinhui, who was besieging the city, and were going to sell Liu Bocheng and the political workers in exchange for high-ranking officials and generous salaries. In mid-May, Liu Xiang offered a reward of 50,000 yuan for the arrest of Liu Bocheng.Sima Zhaozhi of Chen Lanting and others was in a hurry.Other communists and leftists advised Liu Bocheng to leave quickly.Liu Bocheng hesitated. "Attack first and retreat later" is his motto in governing the army, but now he has to take a step back first, and he feels really awkward.Looking back, I discussed with several party members again, and they all said: "If you don't leave, you will definitely die." Liu Bocheng sighed, and after sending someone to communicate with Zhang Zhongming, an old acquaintance outside the city, on May 16, he pulled the chief of staff Han Baicheng and the staff Zhou Guojin together. A member of the Communist Party escaped from the encirclement at Longtou Pass.When it came to Fushun, the reactionary army searched and arrested them very strictly.Seeing the opportunity, Liu Bocheng turned back and walked towards Longchang and Rongchang instead.Afterwards, Liu Bocheng and his entourage traveled at night and stayed at dawn. The journey was extremely difficult and dangerous. Tigers blocked the way and bandits robbed them. They really narrowly escaped death.They went through Dazu and Tongliang to Daxian, and then crossed the Qinling Mountains from Daxian to Xi'an.With nothing in hand, thanks to the help of General Deng Baoshan of Shaanxi Military Affairs Council, he transferred from Xi'an to Zhengzhou and arrived in Hankou on July 11, 1927. It can be said that although Liu Bocheng, who was heading towards the Nanchang Uprising, was the commander of the 15th Army of the National Revolutionary Army in name, he did not have a single soldier under his command.