Chapter 54 Deng Bin returned to Shanghai, why was he thrown into the "cold palace"

Deng Bin returned to Shanghai in a hurry, and the situation had suddenly changed unexpectedly.After several twists and turns, he got in touch with the secret liaison office of the central government, and through the liaison office, he requested to report the work of the Seventh Red Army to the comrades in charge of the central government.However, after waiting for a long time, there is no sign that the comrades in charge of the central government listen to his report on work.He just waited patiently.While waiting to report to the central government, he wrote a nearly 20,000-word "Report on the Work of the Seventh Army" on April 29.In this work report, he described in detail the development and combat history of the Seventh Red Army and the Eighth Red Army. Condition.With a very sincere attitude, he carefully analyzed and summarized the experience and lessons of the Seventh Red Army's work during this period, and reviewed the mistakes he had made in his work under the influence of the "Li San Line".In the end, he officially signed his original name—Deng Xiaoping—on this report again.It should be said that this is a very serious summary of the work of a political and military chief of the Seventh Red Army, and it is also a very sincere answer to the party, which should have been valued by the central government.However, one month has passed, two months have passed, and three months have passed, but the Party Central Committee and the Central Military Commission have not listened to the report of the former secretary and political commissar of the Seventh Red Army, and no responsible comrade has summoned him.

This shows that he is not "welcome" by the central government headed by Wang Ming.He was "hanging" there indifferently, as if he had forgotten his existence, and he had forgotten the existence of the Secretary-General of the Central Committee who was sent to Guangxi by the Central Committee and has now returned. But during this long and patient wait, he knew everything that had happened and was happening at the center... In September 1930, after the end of Lisan's "Left" adventurism, Mi Fu, the deputy director of the Eastern Department of the Communist International, came to Shanghai secretly as an international representative, directly intervening in the policies of the Communist Party of China.Wang Ming (Chen Shaoyu) and Bo Gu (Qin Bangxian), who returned from the Soviet Union half a year ago and are highly valued by international representatives, call themselves "100% Bolsheviks" and severely criticize them under the banner of opposing the "Li San Line". The Third Plenary Session of the Central Committee presided over by Zhou Enlai and Qu Qiubai was a "conciliation line" and "the main dangerous right deviation in the party at present", calling for the convening of the Fourth Plenary Session.All of a sudden, there was a lot of trouble in the central agency under a secret situation.Zhou Enlai explained to them painstakingly, his tongue was bare and his lips were scorched, and the turmoil still could not be subdued.

On January 7, 1931, the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was secretly held in Shanghai. The plenum was held in a surprise attack, and it lasted only a dozen hours. The representatives of the Communist International have always been in the position of the highest authority for actually making decisions.A total of 37 people attended the meeting, including 14 members of the Central Committee, eight alternate members of the Central Committee, and 15 other attendees such as Wang Ming and Bo Gu.In his speech, Miff criticized Zhou Enlai and Qu Qiubai for accepting the "Li San Line", ordered the plenary session to remove Qu Qiubai from the Politburo (before the meeting, Miff had decided to exclude Qu and keep Zhou), and severely warned Zhou Enlai: , Naturally, he should be spanked, but it's not to tell him to get out!"

After hearing this, Qu Qiubai said to Zhou Enlai: "It seems that I am going to be 'liberated', and you still have to bear this burden." Zhou Enlai said bitterly and forbearingly: "Just memorize it." The meeting approved the list of Central Committee members and Politburo members proposed by the Far East Bureau of the Communist International.Qu Qiubai, Li Lisan, and Li Weihan withdrew from the Politburo.Li Weihan and He Chang withdrew from the Central Committee.Wang Ming, who was not originally a member of the Central Committee, not only entered the Central Committee in a grand manner, but also became a member of the Politburo.Although Xiang Zhongfa, who was born as a worker, still serves as the general secretary of the party, Wang Ming is actually in charge of the party, and the representative of the Communist International, Mif, is backing him.Zhou Enlai's situation can be imagined.Both he and Qu Qiubai were placed in the "defendant" seat and became the main targets of criticism.After it was decided that Qu Qiubai and others should withdraw from the Politburo, someone suggested that Zhou Enlai should also withdraw from the Politburo and submit it for a separate vote.The result of the vote: six people agreed and eighteen people disagreed.In this way, Zhou Enlai was "retained" in the Politburo, but not "excluded".The task assigned to him was to be responsible for the guidance of the Military Commission and the Soviet Area.

After this sudden uproar, a line of Wang Ming's "Left" adventurism that was more serious than Li San's "Left" error, more arrogant, and more harmful to the party and the revolutionary forces was formed. , began a four-year rule within the Chinese Communist Party. In the face of such a complicated and difficult situation, what should Zhou Enlai do?His heart was full of anguish.It is unacceptable to let his "Left" leanings run amok; if he lets go of this and stays out of it, this is absolutely impossible from his thinking and character. He later said: The idea that dominated him at the time was to "take into account the overall situation and be patient for the party." ——It can be said that this is the "confession" of a great statesman's life, for which he devoted his whole life!

After Wang Ming and others took control of the leadership of the central government, they immediately sent central representatives and central delegations to various parts of the country to promote his line: sending a considerable lineup of more than 20 central delegations to the Central Soviet Area to abolish the Red Army. On the one hand, the General Front Committee of the Army established the Central Bureau of the CPC Soviet Area, and Xiang Ying (sent to the Central Soviet Area by the Third Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee) served as acting secretary and chairman of the Revolutionary Military Committee; Zhang Guotao, Chen Changhao, etc. were sent to the Hubei, Henan and Anhui bases to establish the Hubei and Henan In the Anhui Central Branch, Zhang Guozhu served as the secretary and chairman of the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Military Commission; Xia Xi and others were sent to Honghu to set up the Hunan-Hubei Central Branch, and Xia Xi served as the secretary...Therefore, "imperial envoys" were flying everywhere, taking "international routes" everywhere. Suppress people, eliminate dissidents, and carry out a cruel and merciless campaign against counter-revolutionaries.At this time, the working environment of the Party Central Committee in Shanghai became even worse due to the rampant sabotage by the Kuomintang military police and secret agents.

On April 25, 1931, an event that posed an unprecedented threat to the security of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China suddenly occurred: Gu Shunzhang, who participated in leading the "Special Branch" of the Communist Party of China, was ordered to send Zhang Guotao to the Hubei, Henan and Anhui bases, and put on makeup on the way home. As a juggler performing magic tricks on a golf course in Wuhan, he was recognized by the traitor Wang Zhuqiao and was arrested by Kuomintang agents. He told them all, but he seemed to ignore the Wuhan Kuomintang secret service and military leaders, and threatened to report the situation directly to Chiang Kai-shek, so that the CCP organs and major leaders could be wiped out by surprise attack.

He Chengjun, the director of the Kuomintang’s Wuhan Branch, and Cai Mengjian, the director of the Wuhan Detective Department, were eager to show their merits and sent six coded telegrams to the Nanjing Secret Service Headquarters—— The first telegram: "Liming (a pseudonym of Gu Shunzhang), an important member of the Political (Political) Bureau of the Bandit Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and in charge of the spy organization, was arrested in Hankou." The second telegram: "Liming has surrendered to the Central Committee, saying that there is a major plan to eliminate the Communist Party Central Committee. If you want to go to Ning, please report to Commander-in-Chief Chiang."

The third telegram: "Officer He (Cheng Jun) telegraphed Minister Chen (Chen Lifu) to report to Commander-in-Chief Chiang immediately and dispatch the warship to Hankou so that Liming could go to Nanjing." The fourth telegram: "Considering that the matter is of great urgency, Hankou has confiscated a passenger and cargo ship from China Merchants, and immediately released Liming to Nanjing." The fifth telegram: "Cai Mengjian, Special Commissioner of the Investigation Section in Wuhan, will fly to Nanjing tomorrow and report to Hook Zuo (referring to Xu Enzeng, Director of the Investigation Section)."

The sixth telegram: "Don't let the people around Hook Zuo know the news of Li Ming's arrest and surrender, otherwise the plan to wipe out the Shanghai CCP's underground organs will come to naught." Each telegram is marked with the word "Urgent".They mean that this will take over the old den of the Communist Party, and no one can escape! However, these extremely confidential and important information were intercepted by Qian Zhuangfei, an underground member of the Communist Party of China who was infiltrated into the Party Affairs Statistical Investigation Section of the Central Organization Department of the Kuomintang (Central Unity) as Xu Enzeng's confidential secretary and head of the Kuomintang Changjiang News Agency.It was the night of the weekend, Xu and En Zeng went to the dance hall early to meet women, and it happened that Qian Zhuangfei was on the night shift.Qian Zhuangfei could not help but be amazed when he translated the six extremely unusual telegrams using codes!So overnight, Liu Qifu (Qian's son-in-law), an underground liaison officer next to him, was asked to sneak to Shanghai to report to Li Kenong, the person in charge of Teco.But considering the importance of the matter, Qian Zhuangfei changed into casual clothes before dawn the next day and boarded the first train from Nanjing to Shanghai.

It's a matter of urgency! ! !The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China is at stake. If it is wiped out by the enemy, what a tragic scene it will be!And how difficult the task is to quickly carry out large-scale evacuation under the enemy's rule and before the big raid, and how urgent the time is!Liu Qifu arrived in Shanghai the next morning, found Li Kenong after several twists and turns, and reported the situation.Li Kenong did not stop, and quickly conveyed the situation to Chen Geng, Chen Yun and Zhou Enlai.Soon, Qian Zhuangfei also arrived in Shanghai. Zhou Enlai immediately discussed countermeasures with Chen Yun, Nie Rongzhen, Chen Geng, Li Kenong, etc., and quickly and decisively adopted a series of emergency measures: 1. Destroy a large number of confidential documents. 2. Quickly and carefully defend and transfer the main responsible persons of the party. 3. All cadres who may become the targets of Gu Shunzhang, especially the personnel of the Central Special Section, should be evacuated from Shanghai or transferred to a safe area as soon as possible. 4. Cut off the important connections that Gu Shunzhang can use in Shanghai; abolish all the working methods that Gu Shunzhang knows, and all departments are responsible for implementing urgent changes. 5. Teco quickly mobilized its forces and organized a team to hunt and kill the traitor Gu Shunzhang. Under the command of Zhou Enlai, the special staff finally rushed ahead of the enemy and completed the transfer of the central government, the Far East Office of the Communist International, the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee and a large number of personnel. On the morning of April 28, under the guidance of Gu Shunzhang, the Kuomintang military and police agents conducted a large-scale raid on the entire city of Shanghai.However, wherever he went, people went to empty rooms.According to Chen Lifu's report to Chiang Kai-shek: "When the investigators went to search and arrest, Zhou Enlai left five minutes earlier by coincidence and was spared." Although Gu Shunzhang escaped the severe punishment of the special department for a while, he did not escape the punishment of bad luck in the end: in 1935, he was secretly executed by the "Central Reunification" secret service of the Kuomintang because of pulling up hills and engaging in factions in the Kuomintang secret service agency. Half a century later, Xu En once complained in his "Self-Report of an Agent": "The biggest mistake I made in my life was that I should not reuse Qian Zhuangfei." His boss, Chen Lifu, also said: "At that time, both sides were doing infiltration work, and they penetrated every corner. However, Brother Jun (referring to Xu Enzeng) hired Qian Zhuangfei, which was really a big negligence." In the article "Two Stories That May Rewrite Modern Chinese History", Cai Mengjian, an expert on the eradication of the Communist Party, scolded Gu Shunzhang for "laying an ambush" after his arrest and refusing to immediately tell about Qian Zhuangfei's situation. The secret was leaked, and the success fell short", causing them to be happy in vain.Cai also said in a contemptuous tone: "The money bandits lurking in our central government have fled to Shanghai, and Gu's possible role and achievements have been completely wiped out." After the Gu Shunzhang incident, Qian Zhuangfei followed Zhou Enlai to the Jiangxi Central Soviet Area due to his identity being exposed.Qian Zhuangfei is a native of Huzhou, Zhejiang. He graduated from the National Beijing Medical College. He has many talents in painting, literary creation, architectural design, practicing medicine, and deciphering telegrams. On March 31, 1935, he lost contact with the army during the Xifeng air defense in Guizhou during the Long March and was killed by local reactionaries at the age of 39.After liberation, Zhou Enlai visited the old site of the central government during his inspection in Shanghai. He recalled emotionally: Qian Zhuangfei's greatest achievement after he broke into the enemy's interior was to decipher the secret telegram sent by the Wuhan Office of the Kuomintang about Gu Shunzhang's rebellion, and send the CCP Central pulled back from Death.If it weren't for Qian Zhuangfei and other comrades, all of us would have died in the hands of Kuomintang secret agents.They have made great achievements for the party and saved our party many detours. The whole party will always commemorate them. Less than two months after Gu Shunzhang's rebellion, new blows came one after another. On June 22, Xiang Zhongfa, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, was arrested and rebelled.Xiang Zhongfa has always had a bad life style and loves flirting.As soon as the central authority moved to a new hidden address, he begged for a concubine from a brothel.After Zhou Enlai learned about it, he sent the mother of Chen Congying (Ren Bishi's wife) to live with Xiang Zhongfa's little wife and pay attention to them.At that time Zhou Enlai wanted to get Xiang Zhongfa to the Soviet area, so he first moved Xiang Zhongfa's concubine to live in a hotel, and then Zhou Enlai moved Xiang Zhongfa to his own residence, and repeatedly told him not to go out to live.Instead of listening, Xiang Zhongfa accused Zhou Enlai of "managing too leniently" for coercing him and taking away his beauty.He also declared: "I know how to protect myself! I don't need to be the general secretary, but I will definitely not go to the Soviet area!" On the evening of June 21, Xiang Zhongfa went out without authorization to stay with the little wife for one night.When he went out to call a taxi the next morning, he was recognized by the driver's agent and arrested immediately. After Zhou Enlai heard the news, he immediately organized a rescue, but failed.Xiang Zhongfa couldn't stand it after suffering a few times of flesh and blood, and turned himself in for rebellion on June 24. He also confessed Zhou Enlai's secret residence on Xiaoshadu Road.The secret agents immediately escorted Xiang Zhongfa to search and arrest.Xiang Zhongfa had the key to Zhou Enlai's house, the door was opened, and the spies swarmed in, but the inside was empty.Not long after Xiang Zhongfa was arrested, Zhou Enlai, Deng Yingchao, Cai Chang and others moved to a French hotel to live. The Shanghai secret service of the Kuomintang captured the general secretary of the Communist Party of China, eager to show their merits, and immediately sent a report to the Nanjing headquarters, saying that the bandit leader had been captured.At that time, Chiang Kai-shek was in Lushan Mountain. As soon as he saw the telegram, he ordered immediate execution on the spot. As soon as Xiang Zhongfa betrayed on the 24th, the Shanghai secret service immediately sent a telegram to the Nanjing headquarters. Almost at the same time, the headquarters received a telegram ordering the execution of the bandit leader on the spot under Jiang's order.Xiang Zhongfa thought that he would not only save his life but also get a reward after surrendering himself, but he did not expect that he would be executed in Longhua Prison on the day he rebelled.When Chiang Kai-shek received the telegram that "the bandit leader surrendered himself to Zhongfa" and then issued an order to suspend the execution, Xiang Zhongfa was already a ghost under the gun!Chiang Kai-shek gained little from the cracking of these two major cases that were equivalent to rewriting the history of the CCP, and he severely reprimanded Chen Lifu and other "Central Reunification" leaders: "Mother Xipi! You idiots, you have not accomplished enough, and you have more than failed, and ruined my plan! " The continuous occurrence of these vicious incidents made the activities of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in Shanghai into a difficult situation.Zhou Enlai had to be more strictly concealed and had no contact with other leaders.At this time, he felt that it was difficult to continue to stay in Shanghai. In late September, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, according to the instructions of the Far East Bureau (Mif had left China at this time), decided to set up a temporary Central Political Bureau, consisting of Bo Gu, Luo Fu (Zhang Wentian), Kang Sheng, Chen Yun, and Lu Futan (workers, working in the All-China Federation of Trade Unions) , after the rebellion), Li Zhusheng and other six people, with the 24-year-old Bo Gu in charge, decided to transfer the central government to the Jiangxi Soviet Area. In mid-October, Wang Ming left Shanghai for Moscow, and continued to command the central government remotely as the spokesperson of the "international route". In early December, Zhou Enlai bid farewell to his four-year life of underground struggle in the White Area, and went to Jiangxi to take up the post of Secretary of the Central Bureau of the Communist Party of China in the Soviet Area (before Zhou left, he was represented by Xiang Ying, who had first gone to the Soviet Area, and then by Mao Zedong). Started his new field of military strategy career. Deng Bin, former secretary and political commissar of the Seventh Red Army, returned to Shanghai and waited to report to the central government. This "waiting" lasted for more than four months.From this, he knew that the turbulent waves of inner-party struggles and successive vicious incidents made the situation extremely chaotic and tense in the Central Committee. Who would have the time to meet him and listen to his reports?Although he resumed using the name "Deng Xiaoping", even though he was the Secretary-General of the Central Committee. He silently endured this "cold reception" and gained an "understanding" not only emotionally but also intellectually.But he didn't know that before he wrote the "Seventh Army Work Report" on April 29, Chen Haoren, the director of the Political Department of the Seventh Red Army who he went to Shanghai to report on, and a cadre of the Seventh Red Army named Yan Heng, had already On March 9 and April 4, they wrote reports on the situation of the Seventh Red Army to the Central Committee.In addition to detailing the development and experience of the Seventh Red Army, they also analyzed the successes and failures of the Seventh Red Army from a more "left" point of view that catered to Wang Ming's Central Committee.Especially in Yan Heng's report, he fiercely accused the class character of the main person in charge of the Seventh Red Army's former committee for being very vague and right-leaning conservative thinking in strategic guidelines, etc. This seems to be in line with the old saying: the first strike is the first, and the first is right.This seems to imply a kind of political need: when the superior and the inferior are effective, the deacons must follow their subordinates.There seems to be another inexplicable reason for this: Deng Xiaoping belonged to Zhou Enlai, and Zhou Enlai's life at this time was very difficult, and the two should be regarded as "difficult brothers". From this point of view, it seems not difficult to understand why the Wang Ming Central Committee, which is more "left" than the Lisan Central Committee, ignored Deng Xiaoping who came to report on his work. In fact, on May 14, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee issued a "Letter from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to the Front Committee of the Seventh Army". The main reason for the failure of the Front Committee is the lack of a class line. The line of the Seventh Army is "obviously the blind and adventurous line of Lisanism, but at the same time it fully shows the right opportunism and rich peasant line covered by this line." . "The essence of right opportunism and the line of the rich peasants are not as obvious as the leaders of the Seventh Army Front Committee!" The letter was sent to the Seventh Red Army in the Jiangxi Soviet Area. Deng Xiaoping, the former secretary and political commissar of the Seventh Red Army in Shanghai, had already been thrown into the "cold palace".How could he know the central government's letter to the front committee of the Seventh Red Army, and he knew nothing about the aggressive accusations and dissatisfaction with the work of the Seventh Red Army in the letter.But he has somewhat felt something from the peculiar indifference of the central government towards him. Occasionally get together with a few old friends, warm a pot of wine, talk about gossip, complain, to vent the depression in the chest, and a lot of raindrops fall until the heart feels a little cool, leaving only two strings of footprints Conversation in the rain The wind and rain have stopped, and the sun sinking in the west is squeezed by the buildings to a lonely corner to reveal his face... The setting sun drags a lonely figure, and I go to Jiangwan Cemetery to see the grave of my beloved wife.The grass is luxuriant and swaying in the wind, and one can faintly feel the comfort of the precious family affection... For some reason, a little bird fell down from the branch and fell into the grass, but it was not discouraged and tried to fly again. He got up, fell down again, fell down and flew up again, until he was completely exhausted, squatting on the brown-yellow ground, panting and hissing in worry, as if calling for something to a distant place he longed for... He is the most Not reconciled to people who do nothing, do nothing, do nothing, and do nothing! He asked the central government through the liaison officer: return to the Seventh Red Army.The central government replied: There is no traffic guarantee.Not approved. He also asked the central government through the liaison officer: go to the Soviet area.Central reply: can be considered. In mid-July, it was finally approved by the central government.He was sent to work in the Central Soviet Area with a lesbian named Jin Weiying, who was called "Ajin". Deng Xiaoping and Ah Jin traveled all the way, sailing from Shanghai to Jiangxi via Guangdong, where they became husband and wife. Maomao wrote in his book "My Father Deng Xiaoping": "Father's departure from Shanghai this time is the third time he has left Shanghai in two years. The first time was in the summer of 1929, when he was twenty-five years old, he was ordered by the central government to go to Guangxi to organize an armed uprising. The second time, at the end of January 1930, he came and left in a hurry.Ben was ordered to report to work, but went through the grief of losing his wife and daughter, and hurried back to the front where the military situation was getting tighter. The third time was in July 1931, which was this time.When he went south again by boat, it was already a new year, and the Red Seventh Army's seven-thousand-mile battle was still lingering in his mind. He had many doubts about the future and destiny of the party, and he yearned for work in the Central Soviet Area. Two years, only two years, seems to be as short as a blink of an eye, but also seems to be extremely long. In two years, there was another army, another war, another victory, and another twists and turns. The sun, the moon, and the stars are living as usual every year; but this person is once a year, mature every year.At this time, Deng Xiaoping was almost twenty-seven years old.In the past revolutionary process, he has enriched his experience and is becoming more mature and profound. And his future will be more full of fighting passion, more in full swing...