Chapter 25 The Baise Uprising was peaceful, and the Longzhou Uprising shocked the French Consulate

This is a day that will go down in history. On December 11, 1929, the beautiful mountain city of Baise, surrounded by mountains and rivers, was dressed in festive costumes.A red flag with a "sickle and axe" was raised on the flagpole at the entrance of the majestic Yuedong Guild Hall - it announced the official birth of the Seventh Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army! The heavily armed officers and soldiers of the Red Army put on gray military uniforms, caps and collars decorated with five-pointed stars and collar badges made of red cloth, and red ties around their necks. They all gathered in the square in front of the Yuedong Guild Hall. On the morning, Zhang Yunyi, commander of the army, Lei Jingtian, secretary of the special committee, and others inspected the troops, and held an oath-taking ceremony to salute the military flag.

The streets and alleys were plastered with slogans celebrating the uprising and announcements from the Seventh Red Army.The notice was engraved with the signatures of the army commander Zhang Yunyi and the political commissar Deng Bin, explaining the reasons and goals of the uprising; and promulgating the policy program of the Seventh Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army in the form of slogans. The whole mountain city is full of jubilant atmosphere.More than 10,000 people of Zhuang, Han and other nationalities living in this mountain city were all smiles, singing and dancing.Teams of workers, farmers, students and other people from all walks of life took to the streets with swords, spears, hoes and flags, beating gongs and drums, cheering the establishment of the Seventh Red Army and celebrating the day of liberation.The sound of firecrackers, gongs and drums, together with people's cheers, resounded and shook the sky all night long!

Lei Jingtian said to Zhang Yunyi enthusiastically: "Mr. Zhang, our uprising this time is very different from the Nanchang Uprising and the Guangzhou Uprising in the past. Every uprising in the past was carried out amidst fierce gunfire. In the uprising, the sound of firecrackers replaced the sound of guns!" Zhang Yunyi said with emotion: "Yes! There was no fighting, no bloodshed, no street fighting, not even a shadow of the enemy. Our Seventh Red Army was born in a festive atmosphere of peace, singing and dancing." Wei Baqun chanted "The Book of Songs Daya" impromptu: "The phoenix is ​​singing, in the high hill; the phoenix is ​​growing, in the rising sun. Did you hear that early this morning, many families in Baise City were in their courtyards. A paper-cut picture of a phoenix was pasted on the plane tree, saying that the divine bird is coming, and the world will change! Haha...a good omen, a good omen!"

Zhang Yunyi said: "This is the expectation and blessing of the Li people, and it is also the goal we are striving for!" Lei Jingtian said: "The Red Army is a 'divine bird'. Every soldier in our Red Army is the feather of this 'divine bird'. , hold up a bright red day to come!" Wei Baqun looked happily at the clean-shaven faces of Zhang Yunyi and Lei Jingtian, and joked, "How can you two 'bearded' officials be 'feathers'? It's 'crested head' and 'Claws'!" Zhang Yunyi laughed and asked, "What about you?"

Wei Baqun said: "I will make an indispensable 'Phoenix Tail'!" Everyone laughed. On December 12, the first Congress of Workers, Peasants and Soldiers in Youjiang District was held in Pingma Town, and the Youjiang Weie Government was elected. Lei Jingtian was the chairman, and Wei Baqun, Chen Hongtao, and Huang Zhifeng were members.The signboard of the Jiangsu Wei'ai government is prominently displayed in Pingma Town. On the same day, the Seventh Red Army established the Front Enemy Committee, with Deng Bin as the secretary, and Zhang Yunyi, Chen Haoren, Lei Jingtian, Li Qian, He Shichang, etc. as members, to lead the work of the troops and local governments in a unified manner.

Deng Bin once published an article in the "Youjiang Daily" sponsored by the Political Department of the Seventh Red Army, pointing out: The armed force of the workers and peasants - the Red Army has been established!Everywhere Soviets have also been established one after another!If we want to develop the Soviet base areas and seize new areas, we should consolidate the foundations. Soviets in the rural areas should be established as soon as possible. These areas must become the basis for greater development. In Baise, with the establishment of the Red Seventh Army and the Right Jiangsu Wei'ai government, party organizations and red regimes in counties and townships along the river were also established one after another.

More than sixty years later, some elderly people said that they were still just babies at that time, and they could not understand the concepts of the Red Army and the Soviet. They only knew that it was Wei Baqun's "Dragon" team .Red Army cadres went to work, and as soon as they said it was Brother Ba's Dragon Squad, the common people would gather around them, and the local tyrants and evil gentry would flee upon hearing the news.In fact, many ordinary people and even the local tyrants and evil gentry had never seen what Wei Baqun looked like.The more they have never seen it, the more mysterious and lofty the reputation and image of "Dragon" Wei Baqun will be in people's minds.Many young and middle-aged people joined the Dragon Team—the Red Army just out of respect and support for Wei Baqun.

Like a pulse of breath, the waves of the Baise Uprising spread from Youjiang to Zuojiang and then to Longzhou.Zuojiang and Youjiang are connected by blood like a pair of twin brothers, echoing each other from a distance. If you want to find Longzhou on the map, you only need to take a look along the border line between China and Vietnam, and you will quickly find that this city is located in southwest China. An important frontier town in the north. Longzhou, located in the center of the upper reaches of the Zuojiang River in Guangxi, has very convenient water and land transportation, and is the political, economic and cultural center of the Zuojiang counties.More than 60 years ago, Longzhou was far more prosperous and important than Liuzhou and other inland cities. In 1882, when France occupied Annan (i.e., Vietnam), the national hero Feng Zicai used Longzhou as his base to fight against the aggression of foreign powers, and fought fiercely with the French army until he was martyred.

After Li Mingrui and Yu Zuoyu led the fifth garrison brigade to Longzhou in early October 1929, they began to deploy armed riots. At the end of November, Wang Jingwei frequently set off anti-Chiang protests, the Guangdong and Guangxi armies were at war, the political situation in Guangxi was chaotic, and the capital Nanning was empty. Li Mingrui and Yu Zuoyu felt that this was a good time to take back Nanning.So he decided to counterattack Nanning first, and then come to Nanning and Longzhou to revolt together.Meng Zhiren, the deputy captain, led a battalion to stay in Longzhou, while Yu Zuoyu led a battalion into Chongshan, approaching Nanning.Just at this time, Li Mingrui received a telegram from Deng Bin and Zhang Yunyi, asking him to go to Baise to discuss the big plan.He ordered Yu Zuoyu to stand by in Chongshan, and he went to Baise to discuss with Deng Bin and Zhang Yunyi a counterattack against Nanning.On the way, he met Deng Bin by chance. After Deng Bin's repeated persuasion, Li Mingrui gave up his plan to attack Nanning and went to Baise with Deng Bin.

When Li Mingrui was on his way back to Longzhou from Baise, he suddenly heard that the deputy captain Meng Zhiren had rebelled in Longzhou.Li Mingrui rushed to Chongshan to join Yu Zuoyu, and immediately decided to take back Longzhou.After the blockade and siege of Longzhou, Meng Zhiren was defeated and fled. The fifth garrison brigade regained Longzhou on December 3, and order was quickly restored. On December 4, Deng Bin, who was on his way back to Shanghai to report to the central government, and He Shichang, Yuan Zhenwu (Yuan Yelie), who were ordered to work in Longzhou, arrived in Longzhou.

Deng Bin, Li Mingrui, Yu Zuoyu and others studied the work plan and specific deployment of the Longzhou Uprising and introduced the experience of the Fourth Brigade of the Youjiang Police Force in reforming the army. ensure. Deng Bin said, what does the uprising rely on?By the barrel of a gun.The gun must be firmly in the hands of the revolutionaries to ensure the success of the uprising and the victory of the revolution. Deng Bin said that the Party's leadership over the troops must be strengthened. According to the current situation of the Fifth Brigade's small number of party members, each battalion and company must establish at least one party branch, and the company must establish a soldier's committee, implement equality between officers and soldiers, and oppose beating and scolding subordinates and Soldiers warlord style. Deng Bin said that a small number of military officers who committed serious crimes should be dismissed and dealt with severely.Meng Zhiren's rebellion is a big lesson. If you are tolerant, accommodating, and soft-hearted to him, he will turn around and shoot you when the opportunity arises, chop off your head and go to his master to receive the reward. Deng Bin only stayed in Longzhou for one day, and said goodbye to Li Mingrui, Yu Zuoyu and others in a hurry, and went to Shanghai via Vietnam to report to the Party Central Committee. According to the opinions of the representatives of the Central Committee, Li Mingrui, Yu Zuoyu, He Shichang and others stepped up the rectification and transformation of the army and the preparation of the local government before the uprising.After rectification and transformation, the situation of the troops quickly changed significantly; the establishment of the Soldiers Committee increased the revolutionary enthusiasm of the troops; The bandit leaders and the local tyrants and evil gentry who committed the heinous crimes and caused great public anger; incorporated and purged the local militia groups in the rural counties in the suburbs of Longzhou. News of the Baise uprising came, and the revolutionary atmosphere in Zuojiang became more enthusiastic.The establishment of local political power, the establishment of the Red Guards of Workers and Peasants, the organization of the masses and the work of publicity and education are all in full swing.At the same time, the Longzhou party organization of the CCP maintained close ties with the "Annan" (that is, "Indochina" called "Indochina" by Western colonialists such as France) communist movement organizations. On the eve of the Longzhou Uprising, Ho Chi Minh, the leader of the Vietnamese Communist Party who returned from Paris, came secretly to Longzhou to discuss the armed uprising with Li Mingrui, Yu Zuoyu, He Shichang and others to fight against French colonialism.Li Mingrui provided Ho Chi Minh with a batch of guns and ammunition. Ho Chi Minh praised Li Mingrui as a great "internationalist democratic fighter" (because Li Mingrui was not a member of the Communist Party at the time. Ho Chi Minh would never have imagined that Li Mingrui, who was a senior general of the Red Army two years later, would be wronged After the founding of New China, Ho Chi Minh asked Mao Zedong in grief and indignation: How could Li Mingrui be a member of the "AB regiment"? He is a great internationalist democratic fighter! Mao Zedong said: It is a big lesson for your own people to beat your own people. Li Mingrui was killed by mistake, we will always miss him). Li Mingrui and Ho Chi Minh agreed that at the same time as the armed uprising in Longzhou, Ho Chi Minh would hold an armed riot in Annan. This is another day that will go down in the history books. On February 1, 1930, the armed uprising of workers and peasants in Zuojiang, Guangxi broke out in Longzhou.On the head of Gulongzhou City, the red flag of "Sickle and Axe" was erected! Longzhou is boiling!The whole city was dressed in festive costumes, red slogans were pasted everywhere, firecrackers were set off everywhere to celebrate the uprising, and loud and clear songs were heard everywhere. Members of peasant associations and peasant red guards carried spears and earthen guns in all directions, and cheered happily. Flocking into the city, they merged with Longzhou's workers' red guards and student groups into a surging sea in the central square.More than 3,000 soldiers of the Red Army appeared in front of the audience with a brand-new heroic posture of a mighty and righteous teacher.The people are cheering and singing, and the "Internationale" resounds through the sky: Arise, hungry and cold slaves, Arise, suffering people all over the world! In a solemn and warm atmosphere, Li Mingrui announced the uprising and the official designation issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to the uprising troops and the appointment of leaders: Yu Zuoyu, commander of the Eighth Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, Deng Bin, political commissar, and He Shichang, head of the political department; Two columns: He Zijian, commander of the first column, and Wan Danping, commander of the second column. Yu Zuoyu led all the soldiers of the Red Eighth Army to solemnly swear to the military flag.Various mass organizations such as the Zuojiang Revolutionary Military Committee, the Elimination Committee, workers, farmers, women, students, and business associations were also established at the same time.After the rally, the Red Army and various mass organizations held massive demonstrations.Some young students impassionedly recited the poem "The Insurgent" by Eugène Pottier, the poet of the world's proletarians and the lyricist of "The Internationale": In front of you is a miserable life, in front of you is heavy oppression, insurgents, get up, load your bullets, Get ready to fire!O Earth, our loving mother, who knows you weep and groan in pain in the yoke of slavery.He is determined to rebuild the world, and let the full breasts of the earth flow out the milk of happiness that nourishes all mankind.The insurgent, whose name is man, is no longer a slave like an ox or a horse!He always obeys the truth, forges ahead bravely, and is steadfast.Arise, insurgents, loaded and ready to fire! Longzhou has been the sphere of influence of France since the end of Qing Dynasty.On the second day of the Longzhou Uprising, Ho Chi Minh staged an armed riot in Annan.This made the French colonialists terrified. While mobilizing heavy troops to suppress the armed forces led by Ho Chi Minh, they issued a "note" to protest the new Longzhou workers' and peasants' democratic government, slandering Longzhou as "in the hands of bandits" and It declared that its governor in Vietnam would send armed guards and cannon vehicles to "protect" the safety of the French Consulate in Longzhou and officials. In addition, it also sent planes to invade Longzhou to carry out armed threats. Li Mingrui tore up the "protest letter" sent by the French consulate: "Fuck you! I will drive out all the French!" Li Mingrui sent a representative of the Eighth Red Army to sternly refute the slander and threats from the French side, and solemnly declared : Cancel all privileges of imperialism in China!Li Mingrui gave an order, the Red Army and tens of thousands of people rose up to demonstrate, surrounded the French Consulate in Longzhou, the customs building and the Catholic Church controlled by the French, seized the weapons, radio stations and other military supplies they were planning to launch a riot, and seized 15 silver dollars. 10,000 yuan and a large amount of opium, and expelled the French consuls and missionaries. When the news reached Shanghai, Li Lisan, who was in charge of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China at the time, spoke highly of the Longzhou Uprising and the Longzhou people's anti-imperialist and patriotic struggle: "The regime within a few days has done what the Kuomintang warlord government has been unable to do for decades. What I dare not do. Realized the anti-imperialist platform of the Communist Party of China and ushered in a new era of Chinese revolution." ——Six years later, in a cave dwelling on the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi, Deng Xiaoping told American journalist Edgar Snow that the Left Jiangsu Viet regime had worked closely with the uprising that broke out in Annan under French rule.The French consulate in Longzhou was attacked.The French sealed the border and bombed the Chinese city.The Red Army shot down one of the French planes.The French suppressed the Annan compatriots more brutally, and the Left Jiangsu Vieira regime was quickly destroyed.Among the 3,000 officers and soldiers, two-thirds fled, and the troops loyal to the revolution broke through the siege, arrived in the right Jiangsu area, and were incorporated into the Seventh Red Army. The Baise Uprising and the Longzhou Uprising made the Chinese Communists proudly raise a red flag flying high in the southern Xinjiang of China. In the midst of white terror, the reactionary forces were greatly shaken and the fighting morale of the revolutionary camp was encouraged. . After the Baise Uprising and the Longzhou Uprising, 20 counties in the Zuojiang and Youjiang regions, with a population of more than one million, became one of the red revolutionary bases that attracted national attention at that time. At the same time, they were also regarded by the Kuomintang as two "snow leopard strongholds" on the political map of China. ". According to the appointment of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Military Commission, Li Mingrui served as the commander-in-chief of the Seventh Red Army and the Eighth Red Army, and Deng Bin served as the general political commissar and secretary of the Front Enemy Committee of the Seventh Red Army and the Eighth Red Army.