Chapter 47 4. The expansion of the party group will turn to

At two o'clock in the afternoon on July 25, the party group of the Chinese Writers Association re-discussed the enlarged meeting to deal with the "Ding and Chen anti-Party clique", and resumed the meeting after more than 40 days of adjournment.Arranged sequentially from the three meetings in June, this is the fourth enlarged party group meeting, but the content of the meeting has taken a 180-degree turn, from correcting the wrong case of "Ding and Chen anti-party clique" to criticizing Ding and Chen. Chen You faction anti-party group. Someone described it this way: From the enlarged party group meeting of the Writers Association in 1955 to the enlarged party group meeting on June 6, 1957, it was a 180-degree turn; It's a 180-degree turn, two 180-degree turns, exactly 360 degrees, a turn, and back to the initial point of the 1955 party expansion meeting.

The venue of the meeting was changed to the auditorium of the Federation of Literary and Art Circles Building.Xu Guangyao said: The Literary Union Building at No. 64 Wangfu Street is very qualified to be a memorial hall. It was a storm center in the anti-rightist movement. Most people in the literary and art circles who have entered and exited there will find it hard to forget it throughout their lives. After all the meetings were over, the Party Group of the Chinese Writers Association published a collection of critical speeches in September 1957. The title on the white cover was "Criticism of the Ding and Chen Anti-Party Group—Part of the Speeches at the Enlarged Meeting of the Party Group of the Chinese Writers Association." .Most of the quotations in the following article use the materials in this collection of speeches.

Shao Quanlin presided over the meeting and spoke first.He went straight to the point, and immediately pointed out the "crucial point" and said: The way the rightists attack is to "reverse the case"!According to the records of the old comrades, Shao Quanlin said: The main problem is still the rightists in the party. The rightists’ attacks are vicious. The main one is to overthrow the leaders, the leaders of the Writers Association and the Central Propaganda Department, and the method is to overturn the case.As Pu Xixiu explained, their plan was to attack the two strongholds of "Literary News" and "People's Literature", and to disclose the Ding and Chen issues.Pu Xixiu personally went out to my home and other comrades' homes to demand that the matter be made public and to participate in the enlarged meeting of the party group in an attempt to attack the leadership.The strange thing is that the party members agreed with her, responded to them, cooperated with them, and they soon knew about our meeting.It's not that you can't speak to the outside world, it's just that it's not the right time.Now impose discipline: no leaks!Meetings are held to distinguish right from wrong and strengthen unity.The central government has repeatedly said that there are big right and wrong, and there are small right and small wrong. First, there are big right and big wrong, and then there are small right and small wrong.In order to ensure the success of the meeting, it is now announced: 1. The Propaganda Department appointed Comrade Zhou Yang to represent the Propaganda Department to participate in this meeting; 2. Ding Ling requested to publish the report written by Liu Baiyu and Ruan Zhangjing to the Central Propaganda Department. The Propaganda Department disagreed, and the content of their report It is basically the same as the report written by the party group to the central government; 3. Ding and Chen's two historical materials, Chen's is a report, not a conclusion, and Ding's historical conclusion was returned by the Central Organization Department and asked for re-examination.

Zhou Yang continued to speak, his tone was much tougher than in June, and he spoke for two hours.According to the manuscript of "Speech Collection", he said: The meeting of the Writers Association to criticize Comrades Ding Ling and Chen Qixia was held under my direct presidency the year before last. .In order to properly deal with the small anti-Party clique of Ding and Chen, the Central Propaganda Department set up a task force headed by Zhang Jichun and did a lot of material checking.During the rectification movement, many comrades expressed their opinions on this issue, so the Ding-Chen issue not only became the central issue of the rectification movement of the Writers Association, but also became one of the central issues of the rectification movement of the Central Propaganda Department.Last time I stated that I attended the meeting as a party concerned, but now I am participating in two identities, one as the direct host of the previous year's meeting, and the other as representing the Central Propaganda Department.I hope that this will not affect the speeches of comrades, and don't speak boldly because of the anti-rightist struggle and me representing the Central Propaganda Department.Comrade Xiao San said last time that he was afraid of giving opinions to the ministers. This is not what an old party member should say. Later he said he was joking, and the joke was not good.The last meeting was held three times and couldn't go on. Someone dismissed the army and raised questions.It seems that there will be a conspiracy in the year before last, and we must be held accountable.So I can't stop talking.

Zhou Yang made three points: 1. The struggle against Ding and Chen the year before last, including the enlarged meeting of the party group, the report to the central government and the communication to the whole country, I think are basically correct.In the first three meetings, it was affirmed that the comrades at the previous year’s meeting did not speak, and the comrades who spoke were generally negative. Some said that the struggle was completely wrong, some said it was basically wrong, and some said that they should be held accountable, as if there was something wrong behind it. Telling conspiracy.2. There were mistakes in the struggle of the year before last, and I should take the main responsibility.Comrades can still discuss whether the conclusion of the Ding-Chen anti-Party clique is a little too heavy, but I think at least the relationship between Ding Ling and Chen Qixia is a combination of sectarian sentiments against the Party.Third, look at Ding Ling's mistakes from several important historical key points.

The manuscripts in the "Speech Collection" have been edited and sorted out by myself.The old comrade's transcript is somewhat different: Zhou Yang made a speech: 1. Estimation of the previous annual meeting.Were the three links wrong in the enlarged meeting of the party group the year before last, the report to the central government, and the communication meeting?Some people want to investigate, as if there is something ulterior, and it is said that it is a violation of law and discipline, and a violation of the party constitution. In my opinion, it is basically correct.It is an experience to mix anti-revolutionaries and ideological struggles together.Struggle meetings and reports to the central government are all legal.If it's a fabrication, can't the party see it?Can you allow it?Comrades have distrust towards the party and the Central Propaganda Department, as if the party is plotting.Some people asked whether the office meeting of the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee represents the Central Committee?This attitude is unacceptable. It is a challenge, an unreasonable demand, and a distrust of the party.Others said that the meeting the year before last was deception, violation of law and discipline, and violation of the party constitution.Have you read the party constitution?These comments are not acceptable.There will be deviations from the previous year, but the basic direction is correct.Why?Because it opposes actions that endanger the unity and solidarity of the party, it is a serious ideological and political struggle, and it is necessary and legal.The struggle is not over, it is still going on. 1. There are indeed shortcomings and mistakes in the struggle, and they must be carefully examined. If some comrades’ feelings have been hurt, they must be admitted and made up for. 2. There are still some people who resonate with wrong ideas.Right-leaning thoughts are growing in the literary and art circles, which is an extremely serious liberal individualism, and the individual is placed above the party.Ding and Chen are a sectarian combination of anti-party sentiment.Ding Ling is not an ordinary party member. She once held great power, but she has always been complacent.Ding's attitude towards the meeting the year before last was good at the beginning, saying that the party saved her, of course she was forced to say so.Only through struggle can the literary and artistic teams be united according to the principles of the Party.It was Shao Quanlin and Liu Baiyu who initiated this struggle.

Second, the advantages and disadvantages of struggle.I take the main responsibility for the shortcomings and mistakes of the struggle, and if it is all wrong, I take full responsibility.Some comrades got it wrong, made it serious, and failed to treat the sick and save the sick.Ding and Chen are a sectarian combination of anti-party sentiment, not a working relationship. "Literary News" is an independent kingdom, and Ding played a supporting role. Without Ding, Chen could not run it.At that time, it was considered to be a small group, but it was repeated later, and no conclusion has been made yet.Anyway, they have recruited some people who don't listen to the party's greetings, but only to individual ones.The segregation of Li Youran was hasty. Li's ideas are harmful and corrupt bourgeois ideology, but the segregation of him was wrong, and I should apologize for that.The isolation of Chen Qixia was also wrong, and anyone who made a mistake will be corrected sincerely.For Ding Ling, not raising historical issues at the meeting is also protecting her.In the report to the central government, the basic situation is correct, but certain things are discrepant, exaggerated, and improperly judged.Wenjiao Institute is not an independent kingdom, and it has achievements, and it is also related to Ding and Chen, but it cannot be said that there are no mistakes.In the past, I didn't get along with Ding Ling, which was also related to my faults in style.When I was in Shanghai, Ding Ling and I were in a normal gay relationship. When we arrived in Yan’an, we had a bad relationship. One was in Luyi, the other was in Wenkang, or both parties had sectarian sentiments. Who is more responsible can be studied.After liberation, Ding Ling made progress, cared about the overall situation, and was close to people. I didn't take care of Ding Ling's work (literature). I worked in the Ministry of Culture, and Qiao Mu worked in the propaganda part.I also saw Ding Ling's shortcomings and mistakes at the time. For example, she was very excited about the Wen Lecture, but later felt that her attitude was wrong.At the Second Cultural Congress, I do not want to discuss some opinions, for fear of harming unity. This is irresponsible to the party.Liu Baiyu criticized me, and I remember it very deeply.At that time, we only sought unity, not criticism.During the anti-Hu Feng struggle, someone provided information, and I felt that Ding Ling did not treat me like a comrade.After the struggle meeting, we did not continue to do unity and aftermath work.Ding Ling also resisted my emotions.The materials exposed during the struggle must be calmly analyzed and comprehensively judged, as in the text lectures, otherwise it is easy to make mistakes.I am not strict with my comrades politically, and I am not strict with myself.I am loyal to the party.The chairman also criticized me for not being sharp. I am not sharp on issues of principle, but in fact I am politically weak.One of my lessons is sharp, and the other is to seek truth from facts. There is no care or help for people in daily life.Ding Ling usually cares about people, but corrupts others politically.But I don't have a coterie, I just don't.

3. About Ding Ling's mistake.Ding and Chen's mistakes were mainly related to the party. Ding Ling was not loyal to the party, or not loyal enough.In order to help Ding Ling, I will share some materials. She did not pass the test well in three periods: in Nanjing, in Yan'an, and in Beijing.In Nanjing, this was the most serious test. Ding failed to stand it, and finally gave in. He joined the traitor and wrote something to the enemy. Isn’t this a traitor?Feng Da is not only a traitor, but also a spy.Xu En was once a top-notch spy.Why is the enemy so good? She is free to leave Nanjing, and the enemy agents do not hold her accountable. (Writing a note to the enemy) After arriving in Yan'an, I concealed it for seven years (1936-1943), and only talked about it during the Yan'an trial. Is this loyal to the party?Ding was disloyal to the party. When the revolution in the border area was in difficulty in 1942, Ding and Chen Deng published Wang Shiwei's article.Ding also wrote that he had such a good relationship with Xiao Jun that he couldn't explain it.When did Ding Ling conduct a self-criticism?The secret service has published it as a material. Can this be said that "the problem of loyalty has been solved"?After the liberation of the whole country, Ding Ling went to Beijing. She shouldered heavy responsibilities and won awards, but she was proud and complacent, above the party, and cultivated personal power.Ding's speech at the literary and art rectification mobilization meeting felt that the arrogance was not right. The establishment of "Literary News" is due to Ding Ling's credit, and she is active in opposing "Wu Xun Biography".Ding Ling said, ""Literary News" is run by a few of us..." This kind of atmosphere is personal.Before criticizing Ding Ling, Kang Sheng asked me: Why do Ding Ling's essays always have the word "I"?It's just personal.Ding Ling supported Chen Qixia spiritually. On the surface, she wanted Chen to criticize her, but her inner voice was different: "Literary Daily" was unlucky, and it punished Chen and me, but there was dissatisfaction.The reason for Chen's repetition lies in Ding's support.From the rectification movement to the censorship of the "Literary News", there is a feeling that it cannot be touched, the leaders of the Writers Association cannot be touched, and the Central Propaganda Department cannot touch it. There is a "one book doctrine", and it does not lie in the words spoken, but in the thought.Said that he was "relying on the Soviet Union for food", right?Is this what internationalism is?Isn't this "one book doctrine"?Saying "Zhou Libo is someone in the court who is good at being an official", how did I take special care of Zhou Libo and Zhao Shuli?He thinks he is a great writer and has capital.The fundamental problem is individualism.Ding Ling failed the test in these three stages and was disloyal to the party.

Fourth, the problem of unity.Unity cannot be without struggle, harmony, warmth, and right and wrong.Conscience and justice are bourgeois platitudes.First engage in big right and wrong, and then engage in small right and wrong. Zhang Guangnian made a speech, talking about the first three enlarged party group meetings in June, saying: Ding and Chen did not self-examine, but instead investigated, and described the previous year's meeting as a mess.There was an anti-Party undercurrent against Hu Feng the year before last, liberalism was serious, and the anonymous letter was a challenge to the Party.The meeting the year before last was a criticism and struggle meeting within the party, criticizing anti-Party undercurrents and sectarian activities.As a result of subsequent investigations, many materials were indeed true.Ding Ling's long-standing anti-Party sentiments were revealed at every opportunity.Why be dishonest about your own mistakes?Stop being dishonest.

Field speech: I agree with Zhou Yang's speech.People like Ding Ling, Chen Qixia, and Li Youran are responsible for the lack of unity in the literary and art circles.Ding Ling told me a long time ago that Zhou Yang was not good at uniting, more than once.At the beginning of criticizing Hu Feng, her attitude was not good, and her writing was weak.In the materials for the defense, the history and the Hu Feng issue are completely pushed out.I think Ding's relationship with Hu is ambiguous and should be checked.Historically, Ding came out of Shanghai through Hu Feng, so it should be made clear.Ding Ling was dissatisfied with checking the "Literary Newspaper". She said in front of Kang Zhuo and me that she was dissatisfied with the party.She has been entangled for a long time about what Wen said to be closed, and she is also dissatisfied.She thinks it is bad for anyone who is closer to the party.

The mood in the venue was more exciting and generous than it was in June.Ding Ling was not mentally prepared in advance, and was shocked by the turn and atmosphere of the meeting.Li Zhilian described: Some people shouted angrily, "Down with Ding Ling, the anti-Party element", and asked her to come to the stage to explain.She lowered her head, wanting to cry but unable to speak, she simply put her head down on the podium and sobbed.There was chaos in the hall.Seeing this stalemate, the host of the meeting asked Ding Ling to back down. That night, Guo Xiaochuan sat under the lamp and happily wrote down his feelings: "The meeting was not bad, it was exciting." However, there are also many people who have different views, including some cadres of the Central Propaganda Department.Li Zhi said, "Su Yiping mentioned to me many times the attitude of Zhou Yang and others at the meeting on June 6. Once he showed me his notebook, and he repeatedly said: 'Comrade Zhou Yang said that an anti-Party clique cannot be established. '" "Zhu Zhai also felt that the criticism was too much. When we went to the meeting together, he had a lot of complaints about the impassioned criticism speech made by one of his Yan'an classmates at the meeting." Work.Li Zhi said that he still can't figure out why he criticizes "one book doctrine" so severely. Is this called anti-Party?Qin Chuan also said in a reminiscence article: Zhou Yang's speech was really on the line, aggressive! On July 26, the Chinese Writers Association organized to listen to the recording of Premier Zhou’s speech to the literary and art circles on July 14, and the enlarged meeting of the party group was suspended for one day. At 8:30 am on the 27th, the meeting continued. Yang Li spoke first, reviewing himself and saying: He has made big mistakes since the rectification movement, and his speech at the party group meeting was in the same tone as the rightists, without the smell of party members. When inspecting the "Literary News" in 1954, some people in the "Literary News" were resistant and disgusted with the term "independent kingdom".There is a principled difference between partial inaccuracies and "fabrication" in the report of the Writers Association Party Group to the Central Committee.Zhou Yang's criticism of Ding Ling is very real, anti-party ideology and sectarianism.The criticism of the previous year was necessary, but not thorough. Zhou Libo's speech: I agree with Zhou Yang's speech.Regarding the Ding-Chen issue, there is nothing excessive, and the materials cannot be completely overturned.At the branch meeting, Ding Ling said that Zhou Yang ruled for decades, which is a rightist position. Zhang Songru's speech: Agree with Zhou Yang's speech, it is persuasive and inspired.I have sentimentalism and right-wing elements in my thinking. The meeting of the year before last was an ideological struggle and a political struggle. It was a big issue of right and wrong, and it was right.Ding Ling made serious mistakes of varying degrees in the three periods, which should be faced up to, checked and corrected.I still have some opinions on the opening method, report, and communication of the previous annual meeting, and I will not talk about it now.The previous year's meeting had some negative effects, which should be eliminated. Zhong Dianfu made a speech: Without Ding Ling's support and leadership, Chen Qixia's banner would not stand up, everyone knows this. In the end, Kang Zhuo made a long speech: In the first three meetings, some opinions were good, and most of them disagreed. My speech at the meeting was very bad. In the speech at the third meeting, my position was shaken. .That was when the party started to fight back against the right.I am willing to correct it with the help of comrades.In the previous year's meeting, I had shortcomings and mistakes, and I was not wronged. I was one of the leaders, a member of the party group, and a party involved.Just because I made mistakes, I tried to stand firm this time and seek truth from facts. Kang Zhuo talked about his views on the enlarged meeting of the party group in the previous year: it was an ideological struggle meeting within the party, which later included political nature, which was necessary, and the achievements were the main ones.That meeting was the leader of the party group, and Ruan Zhangjing participated as the secretary of the general branch, and had nothing to do with the anti-revolutionary five-member group. 1. The research question at that time was that Zhou Yang, Liu Baiyu, Lin Mohan, and Ruan Zhangjing participated in the research. The five-person anti-revolutionary group did not participate, and Yan Wenjing and I did not participate. 2. The practice only exposes thoughts and criticizes, but does not pursue historical issues at the meeting. 3. Most of the speeches are ideological struggles and do not touch politics.It is inevitable to come into contact with political issues in the later period, because it is absolutely necessary to bring up problems when they arise.Ding and Chen made mistakes in the unity of the party.The anti-Hu Feng struggle exposed our disunity, and Hu Feng saw it. After Hu Feng’s counter-revolutionary face was exposed, he found that the enemy was well-informed. We have liberalism inside. Doctrine is a good friend of reactionaries.Ding Ling is the main responsible cadre.After that enlarged meeting of the party group, liberalism has indeed decreased, and the work of the Writers Association has developed.The mistakes and shortcomings of the previous annual meeting were as follows: 1. At that time, it was necessary to trace anonymous letters, and there were some rough places in the trace, resulting in excessive practices. 2. In the whole struggle, the spirit of seeking truth from facts was not enough, no negative opinion was allowed to speak out, and no comprehensive investigation was done. 3. Spreading the word across the country before making a conclusion will have negative consequences.The negative aspect is: Ding Chen's mistakes have not been well resolved, and the unity of the party as a whole has not been fundamentally resolved. In the past year, new differences and problems have emerged. The reason is that some comrades have not learned from the previous year. Lost direction, like Comrade Ge Yang, forgot the lessons of the previous year's meeting.I only blame my party spirit for being too weak to withstand the wind and rain. Kang Zhuo said that my situation back then was that I was anxious when I saw that there was a problem with the unity within the party. During the study of the documents of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee in 1954, the issue of unity was not revealed.When checking the "Literary Daily", I felt that Ding Ling's attitude towards Zhou Yang was not right, and she had sectarian sentiments.I have also felt it before, and I was very distressed. I talked to Ding Ling, and Ding Ling said, I have talked about these things, and I can't solve them. After 1953, I seldom went to Ding Ling's place. She asked why I didn't come, because I was afraid that people would say it was a small circle?Provide materials to the organization and make criticisms. If there is any fabrication, the party will review and punish me.All the materials I mentioned were discussed at the previous annual meeting. Some materials Ding Ling did not admit, or had different opinions, but I think they are all true.Is it a struggle caused by my submission of materials?Completely wrong, that is my closeness to the party and the performance of my loyalty to the party, I only wish I mentioned it too late.What I mentioned was the issue of unity within the party, but the content was biased. At first, I thought that the problem could be solved by raising the issue and criticizing it. I didn’t expect to hold such a meeting.At first, I felt that the atmosphere would be bad, so I focused my firepower on Ding and Chen. Later, I figured it out because, 1. I saw the seriousness of Ding and Chen's problems; 2. I was surprised by the disclosure of many materials. Ding Ling's problems surpassed mine 3. Begin to understand Ding Ling's historical issues.After the meeting, my mood was unstable, and I made mistakes and shortcomings.My speech was influential. Ge Yang raised the anti-Party undercurrent in his speech. I agreed, but it developed. He said that the undercurrent had many trickles and converged to Ding Ling. Kang Zhuo talked about his views on Ding and Chen: Ding has made mistakes, serious liberalism, and has a very bad influence on the unity of the party. When talking about Zhou Yang in front of us, it is often not from the party's standpoint, but from the perspective of assets. Class looks on with admiration and ridicule.I also talked about Zhou's life, but very little.With her status, why not talk to her if she has an opinion?Talked, resolved, why still talk?Still want to spread?Ding Ling's self-criticism was closer to reality and not profound, but she denied it in her speech.The reason for making mistakes is that Ding Ling grew complacent in a smooth environment, and her trust in the party was calm and she could not stand criticism.Ding Ling was so proud that it was difficult to raise opinions. In 1953, Ding Ling wrote a letter to the students of the Wen Lecture Institute, proposing amendments. Before she wrote the letter, I dared not mention it. I am vulgar and consider the relationship between superiors and subordinates. After Kang Zhuo's speech, Wei Junyi, a member of the party group of the Chinese Writers Association and editor-in-chief of "Literary Learning", disregarded the strong pressure at the venue and loudly criticized Kang Zhuo's capriciousness.Many people recalled with admiration that during the rectification of the Chinese Writers Association and the anti-rightist struggle, Wei Junyi was a person who spoke up for justice and had the courage to uphold the truth. Her integrity left a deep impression on people.Later, she tried to protect Huang Qiuyun, the deputy editor-in-chief of "Literary Learning", which was criticized. For this reason, she was almost classified as a rightist. Be criticized. According to the arrangement of the party group of the Chinese Writers Association, the goal of the first stage of the meeting was to win Ding Ling and Chen Qixia. None of the conferences attended. On the evening of July 26, Shao Quanlin told Lin Mohan and Guo Xiaochuan: The Secretariat of the Central Committee criticized the literary and art circles for "doing it too slowly." This criticism is not light.The "treasure" of the Central Propaganda Department is betting on the Chinese Writers Association, on Ding and Chen, and they must win this big case as soon as possible to report their merits.That night, Liu Baiyu returned victorious from Tianjin, and at noon the next day he reported to the party group: Liu Xi finally explained Chen Qixia's problems on the morning of the 25th, which also involved Ding Ling, and they were all "heavy bombs" with strong lethality. ".This news was exciting, and the party group decided to further expand the scale of the meeting, allowing Liu Xi to expose it publicly at the meeting. July 28 was Sunday, at 8:00 p.m., Zhou Yang held a meeting with the leaders of the party group of the Writers Association, which lasted until 11:30 p.m.Although they were very interested in Liu Xi's revelation, Liu Xi was a person with problems after all, and it was not suitable for him to make a long speech at the meeting. After research, it was decided that Fang Ji, deputy director of the Propaganda Department of the Tianjin Municipal Party Committee and secretary of the Party Group of the Federation of Literary and Art Circles, would give a key speech , he will release the material revealed by Liu Xi. On this day, the "People's Daily" published an editorial "The Anti-Rightist Struggle is a Major Test for Every Party Member", pointing out that there are also rightists in the party, and a very small number of party members "stand on the reactionary bourgeois standpoint. When attacking, they became disgraceful internal agents", "During the rectification movement, they took advantage of individual and partial shortcomings and mistakes in the life of the party and the country, and joined forces with rightists outside the party to implement internal and external policies to the party. On September 11, "People's Daily" once again published an editorial on this issue, "Take Rightists in the Party Seriously," expanding the scope of rightists to include "many of them are old party members with one or twenty years of party experience." "The longer they are in the party and the higher their positions, the more harmful they are to the party." Ding Ling is getting closer to the standard of "rightists", or "rightists" to Ding Ling's standards. July 29th, a new week.In the morning, the Writers Association did not hold an enlarged party group meeting, but held another meeting. Those who sat in the meeting room were those who will participate in the enlarged party group meeting from tomorrow and the backbone of the original meeting.In his speech, Zhou Yang introduced the situation of the anti-rightist struggle in the literary and art circles, the situation of the enlarged meeting of the party group of the Writers Association, and the situation of criticizing Ding and Chen.In fact, this is a mobilization meeting where the expansion of the party group will be further escalated.