Chapter 130 Zhang Naiqi believed in "time solves problems" until his death

There is a large stack of "People" magazines on the sickbed. Zhang Naiqi's wife, Yang Meizhen, who is 80 years old, has left half of her body paralyzed due to a stroke, but she still pays attention to history and politics.On October 23, 1990, I interviewed her near Xinjiekou, Xicheng, Beijing.Not long after, she passed away suddenly. Yang Meizhen was quite famous as early as the 1930s.In the "Girl Voice" magazine founded in Shanghai in 1930, there was a "Meizhen Mailbox", which was the column she presided over.In 1933, she left Shanghai for Paris, London, and then the United States, where she studied sociology at the Pennsylvania Academy in Philadelphia and received a master's degree two years later.After returning to China, he served as a professor at Jinling University.

She told me that she and Zhang Naiqi got married in Guiyang in 1944.Previously, Zhang Naiqi had two marriages: Mrs. Yuanpei was from Qingtian, Zhejiang Province, surnamed Chen (Yang Meizhen said that she may not remember it accurately), and it is said that she died of cancer in 1963; The second wife is Hu Ziying, a well-known democrat. After liberation, she served as the Deputy Minister of Commerce, the Deputy Secretary-General of the China Federation of Industry and Commerce, and a member of the Standing Committee of the Central Committee of the China Democratic National Construction Association. She died of illness on November 30, 1982.

Yang Meizhen got married after Zhang Naiqi and Hu Ziying divorced.She participated in the preparations for the establishment of the China Democratic National Construction Association and became a member of the Standing Committee of the Central Committee. In 1957, during the great fame and release, Yang Meizhen was hospitalized due to illness.After the anti-rightist movement started, the China Democratic Construction Association asked Yang Meizhen to leave the hospital and return to the office to "expose" Zhang Naiqi.At the group meeting, someone asked her: "Is Zhang Naiqi a rightist?" She replied truthfully: "I have never heard any dissatisfaction with the party from him." As a result, Yang Meizhen was also criticized, and even she Also became a "rightist"!

Zhang Naiqi used to be the minister of food department and lived in a quite spacious compound in Dengcao Hutong in Beijing.After becoming a "rightist", he moved to the dormitory on Zhangzizhong Road in Beijing.He spent the last ten years in a hut of more than ten square meters in Hujialou in the eastern suburbs of Beijing.At that time, only his youngest son Zhang Lifan was with him. In January 1958, Zhang Naiqi was forced to inspect again.This time, his inspection was more than 30,000 words long, and the title was "Comprehensive Inspection Based on Facts."In this inspection, Zhang Naiqi still reiterated:

"I am devoted to the party, and I hope the party will confide in me." On January 31, 1958, Zhang Naiqi was dismissed from his position as minister of grain.His positions in the China Democratic Construction Association, the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, and the National People's Congress have also been revoked successively, and he only retains the title of member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. On the eve of Zhang Naiqi's resignation as Minister of Food, Zhou Enlai, as Premier of the State Council, summoned him and had a talk.In Zhang Naiqi's "Seventy Self-Reports", he recalled:

Probably on the morning of January 28, Premier Zhou Enlai summoned me, and I took a car to Xihua Hall to meet him. Two secretaries, Xi Zhongxun and Xu Bing, were present at the time.Premier Zhou told me that if Zhang Bojun, Luo Longji and I were to be dismissed, a State Council meeting would be discussed immediately. Bojun and Longji had been informed and they would not be allowed to attend the meeting, but I could be allowed to attend the meeting to defend myself. I asked, have you read the document I wrote "Comprehensive Inspection Based on Facts"?He said no.I said, that's a pity.I asked, has the matter of dismissal been finally decided?He said that the Party Central Committee has decided.I said, what is there to argue?I voluntarily waive my right to attend.He said, that's fine, we have a lot of people in the debate, and you can't beat us.He also said that he had considered whether to let us resign, but why beat around the bush like that?I said, dismissal is nothing, but why charge him with anti-Party, anti-people and anti-socialist charges? This is against the facts, and he would rather die than admit it.

He said, then you can keep your thoughts, our party allows you to keep your thoughts.So, he talked about the conversation with Luo Longji again. He once asked Luo what his plan was, and Luo replied that he would either commit suicide, or he would have to accept it.The Prime Minister said, you can go to America.Luo asked, does it mean deportation?The Prime Minister replied, absolutely not. The Prime Minister asked me what my plan was?I said, I devoted myself wholeheartedly and fully to the party, and the party punished me, and I am willing to actively accept it as the party's training and test for me.I have been working with the party for thirty years, and I still haven’t been understood, so please read it for another five years. Five years is not enough, and you can read it for ten years. By then, I will only be seventy years old; I will start now Exercise your body, enrich your mind, and prepare to work for the party for another ten years.The Prime Minister smiled and said, you are so optimistic! ①

From the conversation between Zhang Naiqi and Zhou Enlai above, we can see how stubborn and optimistic he is. Zhang Naiqi took Zhuge Liang's motto of "Indifference leads to enlightenment, tranquility leads to long-distance", left the political stage of China with a smile, and practiced Qigong every day in the face of adversity... During the "Cultural Revolution", Zhang Naiqi's situation can be imagined.He described the experience of being severely beaten in "Seventy Self-Reports", which can be described as "every word is bloody, and every sound is tears":

The disaster on August 24, 1966 was the greatest disaster I have ever encountered in my life, and it was the most severe exercise and test for me. From the 24th to the 31st, a total of eight days Day and night, I was tortured, humiliated, and threatened in various ways during the hunger strike. Later, I saw the materials of the "reform through labor" in Beijing No. 6 Middle School. Most of the torture used there had been rehearsed on me.But I did not die, and I am confident that I can still live for more than ten years.My attitude towards it is calm, calm, and calm again... At this time, apart from bruises all over his body, his right eye was severely wounded.There is a red zigzag oval circle on the outer ring, which often flashes in front of the eyes, which may be caused by blood stasis, and the internal injury is also quite serious, with frequent pain in the right chest, back, thigh, tail and knee.But on the third day, I found that the black and purple on my hands had faded, I could see in my right eye, and the pain from the internal injury was relieved.

During the seven days after August 25th, several groups of people came to torture and humiliate me every day.The door is open, there is no control, and the freedom to torture and torture is very sufficient.It is worth mentioning that someone beat me with a steel wire-wrapped rubber whip, and the wounds and swellings were not easy to disappear.Someone struck a match and burned my hand, and someone even shot me in the head and face with an air gun.In addition, there are cold water toppings, such as pouring a jug into the nostrils, such as forcing me to eat dirty food, etc., which are minor.The scary thing is that someone actually proposed to irrigate my nasal cavity with hot pepper water, probably because I couldn’t find chili peppers at home, so it didn’t come true. But before we moved out, someone actually painted my face with oil paint and then irrigated it with ammonia water. My nostrils, I really don't know how these bad guys are brought up. ①

Zhang Naiqi was humiliated and tortured in the long night. Until the beginning of 1975, Deng Xiaoping fully presided over the daily work of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and Zhang Naiqi wrote to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to reflect his own situation. Zhang Naiqi's letter was valued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.Chen Yun and Zhang Jinfu spoke with Zhang Naiqi on behalf of the CPC Central Committee.In April 1975, Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai ordered Zhang Naiqi to be declassified as a "rightist"—although Zhang Naiqi never admitted that he was a "rightist." Zhang Naiqi finally saw the day when the "Gang of Four" was crushed.On May 13, 1977, Zhang Naiqi passed away at the age of eighty. In June 1980, Zhang Naiqi's "rightist" problem was corrected - this shows that it was completely wrong to label him as a "rightist" at that time, and it also shows that Zhang Naiqi never admitted that he was a "rightist". . In May 1982, Zhang Naiqi's ashes were placed in Room 1 of Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery in Beijing.