Chapter 126 The "Right" screening report was shelved in 1962

Although the "rightists" were honored by the 10th anniversary of the National Day, although only one-tenth of their hats were removed proportionally for the first time, they finally started to take off their hats. Afterwards, in Mao Zedong's words, "the yin picks a batch, and the yang picks a batch." Slowly, batch after batch finally took off their hats. In 1962, due to the setback of the "Great Leap Forward", the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held an enlarged Central Work Conference in Beijing from January 11 to February 7, that is, the 7,000-person meeting.

Mao Zedong made a self-criticism at the meeting.He said: "I am directly responsible for the mistakes made by the central government, and I am also responsible for the indirect ones, because I am the chairman of the central government." On February 3, Zhu De said: "The party's struggle has expanded in the past few years, and I have suffered some losses. In this meeting, I can speak freely, know everything, and talk endlessly. I am very satisfied." On the 8th, Chen Yun said: "In the past few years, our inner-party life has not been normal. It is very dangerous to say 'one-third of what people say, but not everything'. This conference has achieved great results. Don’t underestimate victory. As long as we have the courage to carry out criticism and self-criticism, stick to the truth, and correct mistakes, our Communist Party will be invincible in the world.”

Liu Shaoqi pointed out: "The reason for the mistakes is that, on the one hand, our experience in construction work is not enough; The traditional style of work has weakened the principle of democratic centralism in the life of the party, the state and the life of mass organizations to varying degrees.” As a result, the political climate in China has turned loose. On March 6th, Chen Yi even said something like this at a creative symposium in Guangzhou: "The hat of 'bourgeois intellectual' should be removed. Today, I will give you a 'hat-off'." Immediately afterwards, on April 27, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Notice on Accelerating the Selection of Party Members and Cadres", stating:

“All party members and cadres who were criticized and punished for completely wrong or basically wrong in the campaigns of ‘pulling the white flag’, anti-rightist deviation, rectification, and democratic revolution make-up lessons should adopt simple methods to seriously and quickly screen and rehabilitate them. " For a time, "discrimination" and "rehabilitation" became "high-frequency words" in Chinese political life. Since "bourgeois intellectuals" can "take off their hats", and those who were wrongly criticized in the "anti-rightist" movement can also be rehabilitated, it is naturally reminiscent of the "anti-rightist movement".

Many people reported to the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China that in the "anti-rightist movement", there were many wrongly designated "rightists", and they should also be screened out and rehabilitated. Especially on June 14, 1962, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China gave great encouragement to the leaders of the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.The instructions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China criticized the idea of ​​"prefer 'Left' rather than Right' in United Front work.The comment stated:

In recent years, among some comrades, there has been a tendency to neglect united front work, which has fostered arrogance and self-satisfaction, and the idea of ​​preferring the "Left" to the Right. Resolutely correct.At present, in order to ensure the smooth completion of the arduous task of adjusting the national economy, it is necessary to adjust various relations within the United Front, promote people's democracy, unite all patriots, fully mobilize all positive factors, jointly overcome difficulties, and strive for new victories in socialist construction. Since we want to criticize the idea of ​​"prefer 'Left' rather than Right" in the United Front Work, it is natural that the time has come to propose screening and rehabilitating the "Rightists"!

A side note: On the 16th, two days after the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China approved the report of the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Peng Dehuai sent a long letter (80,000 words) to Mao Zedong, stating that he had never organized any "anti-Party small group" and demanded to "overturn" the "case" of Mount Lu.This suggests that the political climate is indeed "warming up". Therefore, Li Weihan, head of the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, listened to the opinions of various parties, presided over by Vice Minister Ping Jiesan, and wrote "Report on Several Issues in the Work of Rightists" on July 26, 1962. ".

The report states: If the leaders think it is necessary to apply for screening with the rightists themselves or their family members, they can be screened.For those who are indeed wrongly marked, they will be rehabilitated; for those who can be marked or not, they can be leniently removed from their rightist hats. If this report is implemented, tens of thousands of "rightists" will be rehabilitated! To be honest, the leaders of the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China had some opinions about the "Anti-Rightist Movement" in 1957.They are departments that deal directly with many democrats, and they are well aware of the grievances of democrats in the "anti-rightist movement".Although in 1957 he obeyed Mao Zedong's opinion, participated in the "Yangmou" and participated in the "Anti-Rightist Movement", but when the political climate "warmed up", he also proposed to be mislabeled as "Rightist". Rehabilitation.

The United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China submitted this report to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. This report was suppressed by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China for 20 days before it was approved. Unexpectedly, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China criticized the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in its reply.The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China not only disagrees with the screening and rehabilitation of "rightists", but even proposes to recap some "rightists" who "behaved badly" after being decapitated!

On August 17, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued a "Report on Several Issues Concerning the Work of Rightists", the full text of which is as follows: Comrades Ping Jiesan, Li Chuli, Zhang Ziyi, Zhang Yibai, and Ling Yun of the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee: I have read your July 26 report "Some Issues Concerning the Work of Rightists" and the attached opinions of Comrade Ping Jie and the third class on the resettlement of Rightists.The Central Committee agrees with you to hold a work conference on dealing with rightist issues in late August this year, to inspect the work, and to take off a group of rightists who have indeed shown repentance, or who have shown considerable repentance.In addition, there are the following three points, please pay attention to:

1. The issue of screening and rehabilitating rightists should not be raised in general. Only for some of them who are completely wrong, that is, those who have never had rightist speeches or actions, should be corrected as an individual's problem and seek truth from facts.However, the opinion mentioned in the report: "If ... rightists themselves and their family members request screening (including those who have taken off their rightist hats), screening should be carried out" is inappropriate.In doing so, it will actually result in a general screening of bourgeois rightists, or screening of many rightists.This is unnecessary and is not good for the party and the people. 2. After the rightists take off their hats, if they behave badly and persist in their evil ways, they should select some bad ones after the review and give them the rightist hats. 3. In the downsizing process, rightists should neither take the opportunity to let go of their burdens, nor give special consideration to them. Instead, they should be dealt with and placed according to the general downsizing principle.For those who have no means of life or are particularly difficult to live in, they should be properly resolved. China's political scene is changing.The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued such a reply to the report of the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China because the "wind direction" has changed! Just one month after the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made that approval, from September 24th to 27th, the famous Tenth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Beijing.Mao Zedong issued the call "Never forget class struggle", emphasizing that class struggle must be talked about every year, every month, every day!The meeting criticized the "three winds", that is, "reversing the verdict", "going alone" and "dark wind". "Dark wind" refers to an adequate estimate of the serious difficulties of the time. As a result, the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China became silent, and never dared to mention the screening and redress of "rightists" - because it would be regarded as "reversal of the verdict"! In order to implement the instructions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China had to put their hats on again for a group of "rightists" who had taken off their hats but "behaved poorly"! Since then, the "left" wind in China has become more and more intense, until the "Cultural Revolution" broke out...