Chapter 95 Sun Dayu experienced a "storm"

The author read the article "Looking Back in Twilight" from the ninth issue of "China and Foreign Forum" magazine published in New York, USA in 1994. The author is Professor Sun Dayu who has entered his twilight years and is 90 years old. Sun Dayu wrote: If it is said that I am the only one among the people in the New Moon who is still alive, it is true; but due to the ups and downs in the second half of my life, I have been deprived and wasted of precious time for decades, so my "literary achievements" are not many... The "New Moon" mentioned by Sun Dayu is the New Moon School.The Crescent School is a literary school named after the organization of the Crescent Society (1923) and the publication of the monthly "New Moon" (1928-1933).Representatives Hu Shi, Xu Zhimo, Liang Shiqiu, and Chen Yuan (Chen Xiying) have all gone west, and Sun Dayu is indeed the only surviving member of the New Moon School.

Sun Dayu's "deprivation and wasted decades of time" started when he was labeled a "rightist", and it can even be said that it started with the eradication of counter-revolutionaries.Among the hundreds of thousands of rightists across the country, although most of them were degraded, demoted or even fired from public office, and sent to work in the countryside, not many were imprisoned.Sun Dayu was prosecuted and imprisoned for six years!Therefore, when he "looks back in his twilight years", he can't help sighing that too much time has been "deprived and wasted"!

Because of this, Sun Dayu compared himself with his Tsinghua classmate Liang Shiqiu in "Looking Back in Twilight Years": "To sum up, I only translated eleven books in my life. Mr. Liang Shiqiu completed the huge project of Shakespeare's complete works in prose translation. , Fulfilling his early long-cherished wish." Sun Dayu and Liang Shiqiu are known as the two "authorities of Shakespeare opera" on both sides of the Taiwan Strait.Liang Shiqiu was on the other side of the strait, and there was no "movement" to trouble him, so his time was fully utilized, and he finally completed all the Chinese translations of Shakespeare's plays by himself, while Sun Dayu was on the other side of the strait, "deprived and wasted" of time too much.Therefore, Mr. Sun Dayu's new work "Looking Back in Twilight" is thought-provoking.

In 1957, at the meeting of cadres in Shanghai, in addition to mentioning "the counter-revolutionary line of Zhang Bojun, Luo Longji, Zhang Naiqi, Chen Renbing, Peng Wenying, Lu Yi, and Sun Dayu", Mao Zedong also talked about intellectuals, Sun Dayu was specifically mentioned: You have so much knowledge, why do you make mistakes?You are so powerful and your tail is raised so high, why do you waver?There was a stalk of grass on the wall, and the wind blew on both sides.It can be seen that you don't know much.In this respect, intellectuals are mostly workers, the semi-proletariat among the peasants.Why did Sun Dayu say something, they knew it was wrong just by looking at it.Who do you think is more knowledgeable? ①

In fact, Professor Sun Dayu is indeed a great scholar.His father was also a scholar--father Sun Tinghan, who was an Imperial Academy of the Qing Dynasty! Sun Dayu, whose real name is Sun Mingchuan, was born in 1905 in Zhuji, Zhejiang.He entered Tsinghua School in Beijing in 1922.In 1926, he entered Dudham College, New Hampshire, USA.After that, he entered the Graduate School of Yale University in the United States, specializing in English literature, and devoted himself to the study of Shakespeare.He returned to China in the autumn of 1930 and served as a professor at Beijing Normal University and Peking University.

Sun Dayu joined the China Democratic League in 1946, and later joined the Association of Democracy Professors of Shanghai University as the chairman of the board.He had actively participated in the democratic struggle against the Kuomintang government and supported the political views of the Chinese Communist Party.In March 1949, on the eve of Shanghai's liberation, he joined the "Shanghai Liberation Work Committee" organized by the China Democratic League and did a lot of work... After the liberation of Shanghai, he became a professor at Fudan University. In 1957, Sun Dayu's "Ming Fang" was different and caused a sensation in Shanghai.

On June 9, 1957, "Wen Wei Po" carried Sun Dayu's words: In February 1955, I wrote to Mayor Chen (quote's note: Mayor Chen Yi), because I saw the list of the Municipal People's Committee at the consultation meeting, and I had an opinion, so I wrote to Chen The mayor exposed Pan Hannian's problems, he set up a group of ugly elements.The cultural and educational work of the United Front in Shanghai is not doing well, and Pan and others should be held accountable.For example, someone from the People's Committee, etc., are people in the group of ugly elements, who were supported by Pan Hannian.Mayor Chen invited me to talk at the Culture Club on February 9th.Ke Qingshi, Liu Shuzhou, and Chen Qiwu were present at that time.As soon as Chen Qiwu saw me, he said, "You are against the party and the government! You and Zhang Mengwen, Wang Hengshou, and Chen Zizhan are against the party and the government!" Chen Qiwu said it not only once, but four or five times. The mayor and Secretary Ke testified.I said, "This problem is very serious. What basis do you have?" He said, "There are many grounds, and I cannot tell you now."...

The Chen Qiwu mentioned by Sun Dayu was then the director of the Shanghai Higher Education Bureau and Sun Dayu's "immediate boss".Because Chen Qiwu said that he was "anti-party and anti-government", he was very puzzled... Sun Dayu's "astonishing move", as reported by "People's Daily" on August 22, 1957: On December 20 last year, at the CPPCC meeting, he falsely accused Chen Qiwu, director of the Municipal Bureau of Higher Education, Yang Xiguang, Party Secretary of Fudan University, professor Qi Qisheng, writer Zhang Jinyi, and more than 20 people as "counter-revolutionary cliques." False accusation letters were submitted to Chairman Mao, Premier Zhou and other central leaders several times.After the rectification movement began, Sun Dayu became even crazier. On June 6, at the rectification symposium held by the Party Committee of Fudan University, he proposed a large number of "counter-revolutionary" lists, saying that there were also "counter-revolutionaries" in the "Liberation Daily" and "News Daily" offices. "Counter-revolutionary group".On July 3 and 5, he continued to expand the list, falsely accusing Minister of Justice Shi Liang and Shanghai Vice Mayor Jin Zhonghua as "counter-revolutionaries."Shanghai Mayor Chen Yi and other party and government leaders have advised Sun Dayu on such bloody and rogue behavior several times, but he ignored it and intensified it instead.So far, more than 60 people have been falsely accused of being "counter-revolutionaries" by him.

Looking at it today, Sun Dayu's "amazing move" is almost incomprehensible.However, back then, Sun Dayu had his logic and his reasons. East China Normal University professor Xie Xunchu, like Sun Dayu, was censored during the anti-revolutionary movement, and the anti-revolutionary work in Shanghai colleges and universities was presided over by Chen Qiwu.According to Xie Xunchu later revealed, Sun Dayu once said to him: "Look, you are not a counter-revolutionary, and I am not a counter-revolutionary. Why are we being the focus of the struggle? The facts are obvious. Anyone who fights as a counter-revolutionary who is not a counter-revolutionary is a counter-revolutionary!" ①

Sun Dayu followed the logic of "everyone who struggles as a counter-revolutionary who is not a counter-revolutionary is a counter-revolutionary", and regarded many people as "counter-revolutionaries" and described them as "counter-revolutionaries." Today's readers will surely laugh at how childish and even absurd Sun Dayu's logic is.However, he was regarded as a "key" struggle in the anti-revolutionary movement, and his soul was greatly stimulated. It is understandable to treat those who mistakenly fought against him with this logic.Even Sun Dayu himself said that he became "Don Quixote on the ideological front".

The consequences of Sun Dayu's "amazing move" can be imagined.Those who he referred to as "counter-revolutionaries" naturally rose up to attack Sun Dayu. As a result, Sun Dayu was not only criticized in large groups and fought in small groups, but was punished by law.On August 7, 1957, Shanghai's "Wen Wei Po" published "Chen Qiwu and 16 People's Complaint against Sun Dayu", and Sun Dayu suffered a "lawsuit"! The sixteen are: Chen Qiwu Director of Shanghai Bureau of Higher Education Yang Xiguang Vice President of Fudan University Li Zhengwen Deputy Director of the Ministry of Higher Education Su Buqing Vice President of Fudan University Zhang Jinyi, Vice Chairman of Writers Association Shanghai Branch Qi Qisheng Fudan University Professor Quan Zengxia Professor of Fudan University Cao Weifeng Director of Shanghai Bureau of Higher Education Yang Qishen Associate Professor of Fudan University Li Zhenlin Professor of Fudan University Xu Yanmou Professor of Fudan University Cheng Yumin Lecturer, Fudan University Thanks to the Deputy Director of the Student Affairs Office of Fudan University Long Wenpei Assistant Professor, Fudan University Lei Lan, employee representative of "Liberation Daily" Lu Ping, "News Daily" employee representative The Complaint reads: The accused, Sun Dayu, has deliberately fabricated facts since liberation, repeatedly and wantonly slandered and publicly slandered the accuser as counter-revolutionary in an attempt to frame him as a criminal.Recently, Sun Dayu has intensified his efforts in the name of helping the Chinese Communist Party to rectify the movement, and slandered him publicly. His sinister intentions are unbearable.For this reason, a complaint has been filed with the Shanghai Municipal People's Procuratorate. ... Sun Dayu has ulterior motives, and uses false accusations against good people as counter-revolutionaries to cover up his evil conspiracy against the Party and socialism.All of Sun Dayu's false accusations, slander, and framing of good people have evidence, and they have been repeatedly taught. They have violated the national criminal law and constituted a crime. In order to safeguard the national law and protect the legal rights of the accuser, please investigate and file a public prosecution. The outcome of the trial can be imagined.On June 2, 1958, the Shanghai Intermediate People's Court sentenced Sun Dayu to six years in prison. As a result, Sun Dayu was sent to a farm in northern Jiangsu for "reform through labor". However, he was a well-known democrat after all. After three years of "re-education through labor", he returned to Shanghai on October 5, 1961. He originally lived in a high-end apartment in Maoming Building in Shanghai, but now he can only return to his old house - a dilapidated Shikumen house behind the Shanghai Town God's Temple. He lived in seclusion in this ancestral old house, and he breathed a sigh of relief, but disaster came again. That was in July and August of 1966, a rusty pistol was suddenly found in a well near Sun Dayu's house. Originally, this matter had nothing to do with Sun Dayu, but some people thought that among the nearby residents, only Sun Dayu was the most likely to throw a pistol.So, a group of people wearing red armbands rushed into Sun Dayu's house. Sun Dayu argued rationally: "I'm just an old man doing learning. I have never had a relationship with weapons. I only need pen and paper..." However, "a scholar meets a soldier, and there is no reason to explain it."The rebels insisted that Sun Dayu threw the pistol into the well.They beat Sun Dayu with plastic soles, causing Sun Dayu's ears to bleed.Since then, Sun Dayu's hearing has been declining. This unforeseen misfortune made Sun Dayu lie in bed for more than two months before reluctantly getting out of bed. On April 28, 1968, another group of people suddenly broke into Sun's house and took Sun Dayu away.From then on, Sun Dayu was thrown into prison.At that time, they were arrested as soon as they were said, and there was no law.On December 5, 1970, Sun Dayu was suddenly released again.Just let it go, without giving any reason. After Sun Dayu returned home, in February 1972, someone broke in again and declared Sun Dayu a "counter-revolutionary."It is reported that this decision was taken in July 1970. Sun Dayu was confused... Finally, it's time for these "confused accounts" to come to an end. In 1984, Sun Dayu received the official document "Conclusions on the Correction of Professor Sun Dayu's Misclassification of Rightists", the full text of which is as follows: At this time, Sun Dayu was already seventy-nine years old! Sun Dayu realized that a lot of time was "deprived and wasted" and wanted to recover the lost time.He started translating books at seven or eight o'clock every night, and worked until six or seven o'clock the next morning.However, after all, age is not forgiving, and the disease "deprived" him of his right to work. Because of this, Sun Dayu couldn't help sighing when he compared himself with Liang Shiqiu in his new work "Looking Back in Twilight Years". In fact, if Liang Shiqiu had been on the other side of the strait, he might not have escaped the catastrophe of 1957...