Chapter 45 Lu Yuwen's "anonymous letter incident" became a breakthrough in counterattacking the rightists

Lu Yuwen received an anonymous letter, and this "anonymous letter incident" attracted Mao Zedong's attention. The cause of the "anonymous letter incident" is as follows: According to the instructions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on May 20, Lu Yuwen made a "positive speech" at the enlarged meeting of the Central Group of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang on the morning of May 25. The next day, "People's Daily" reported the meeting in detail, marking it with a very eye-catching headline: "Lu Yuwen Reminds Everyone: Distinction between Socialist Democracy and Bourgeois Democracy, Beware of the Idea of ​​Getting Rid of the Party's Leadership"

"People's Daily" unusually reported Lu Yuwen's speech in a space of more than 2,000 characters: Lu Yuwen said, how to help the Communist Party rectify?Now I don’t rectify myself, but only help the leaders to rectify. It’s easy to only see the shortcomings of others and not see my own shortcomings. It’s easy to be one-sided.Therefore, he reminded everyone that when making criticisms and suggestions, don't forget that we are practicing socialist democracy.When we put forward our opinions, we must be vigilant. Socialist democracy has just been formed and is still advancing in the process of groping; while bourgeois democracy is deeply rooted in people's thinking. If you are not careful, it is easy to use the old democratic viewpoint to look at new things, which is not only useless. And harmful.For example, he said recently that democrats have raised many opinions on the leadership of the party, such as how the party group in the government works, the change of the party committee system in schools, the withdrawal of public representatives from joint venture factories, the replacement of government by the party at the grassroots level, and the joint instructions issued by the party center and the State Council. And issues such as fixed interest rates for twenty years.It seems that although these opinions recognize the leadership of the party, they vaguely mean to get rid of the leadership of the party.He reminded us that we should not forget that the Communist Party leads socialism and we take the road of socialism. We raised our hands for this!

Lu Yuwen also criticized Zhang Bojun based on his own work experience in the State Council: Then he talked about another condition of socialism, which is the issue of democratic centralism.He said that Mr. Zhang Bojun thought that the meeting of the State Council should not present the finished product for everyone to discuss, saying that it was a formal meeting, which surprised him.He is the Assistant Secretary-General of the State Department.He said that he was a member of the preparation work for the State Council meeting, and he wanted to make a finished product.When submitting a document for a ministry, always ask whether the minister has read it; if the document involves several ministries, ask whether it has been discussed, and try to make the document mature before submitting it to the leader.The more you propose to a higher level, the more you want to prepare the documents maturely, so as to avoid trouble.

Lu Yuwen talked about his views on CCP members: Because of different jobs and different people, we have different feelings.He feels that there is no wall or ditch between the party members and him. He works, studies, plays chess and poker with the party members, and he does not feel that there is a wall, and he is not outside. Lu Yuwen's speech was either inspired by the CCP, or because he worked at a high level in the State Council. Although he is a democrat, he has learned the spirit of the May 20 directive of the CCP Central Committee.Regardless of whether it was Lu Yuwen's "order to attack" or "voluntarily inviting Miao", he appeared at the meeting as a "leftist".

Just as Lu Yuwen spoke, a female general in her fifties "opened fire" on him. This person is Tan Tiwu. Tan Tiwu has a rather complicated history. She studied in the Law Department of Peking University in her early years and participated in the National Salvation Corps of Peking University students.In 1931, she joined the Kuomintang.Thereafter, she worked in the Ministry of the Interior of the Nationalist government.When Huang Shaohong visited Inner Mongolia in 1933, she was transferred as an attache. Since then, she has had a close relationship with Huang Shaohong, and even became Huang Shaohong's "emotional prisoner".

In 1945, Tan Tiwu joined the China Democratic League and stood under the banner of the CCP's united front. In 1949, when Huang Shaohong was in Hong Kong, Tan Tiwu helped the South China Bureau of the Communist Party of China secretly connect with Huang Shaohong, and later prompted Huang Shaohong to leave the Kuomintang government and go to Peiping from Hong Kong to attend the first plenary meeting of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Since then, Tan Tiwu served as a counselor of the Government Affairs Council. Tan Tiwu likes "sea fruit" - Lin Xiling very much.She and Lin Xiling were as close as mother and daughter.Lin Xiling once lived in her house.She introduced Lin Xiling to Huang Shaohong.Therefore, she was once regarded as Lin Xiling's "backstage".

On May 26, 1957, "People's Daily" reported Tan Tiwu's strong dissatisfaction with Lu Yuwen at the meeting: Tan Tiwu disagreed with Lu Yuwen's opinion.She thinks that Lu Yuwen's opinion is not to help the Communist Party to rectify the movement. Lu Yuwen said that there is no barrier with the party members, which is not sincere.She said, we have to tell the truth.The leader of the party must also pay attention to the selection of people, and choose people who are loyal to the party. She said that many problems in the relationship between the party and the non-party are often not caused by the Communist Party, but by shameless democrats.These people isolate the party, isolate the masses, and take the opportunity to climb up.

It goes without saying that what Tan Tiwu referred to as "shameless democrats" and "climbing up" refers to Lu Yuwen. After Tan Tiwu, Gan Cisen spoke, expressing his disagreement with Tan Tiwu's opinion.He said: "You can't think that Lu Yuwen's opinion is insincere, Tan Tiwu is too subjective." The debate is not over.On the morning of May 29th, at the enlarged meeting of the Central Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang, this debate continued between Lu Yuwen and Tan Tiwu. "People's Daily" reported it again on May 30.

On that day, Lu Yuwen spoke again, saying that he "could not agree with Tan Tiwu's opinion at the meeting on the 25th." "People's Daily" reported Lu Yuwen's speech in this way: He said that it is appropriate to give opinions to the leading party, and it is also appropriate to express different views on these opinions.Whether these views are correct or not can be studied.But it cannot be said that this is the way to accept it, it is oppressive release.Why is it only allowed to criticize the Communist Party, but not critics?unfair.In general, he said, there is a wall and a ditch between the party and the non-party.But to be specific, there are people who have neither walls nor ditches. Why do we have to say that there are walls and ditches to be happy?He believes that such an atmosphere cannot be cultivated, and only the leading party can be criticized, and democrats cannot be criticized.When talking about how to demolish walls and fill ditches, he pointed out that there should be two aspects.What the Communist Party should dismantle are the Three Principles; what the democratic parties and democrats must dismantle are old ideas, old habits, and old styles. They must abandon their past positions and firmly establish the people's position.Otherwise, the Communist Party alone cannot tear down the wall.If someone wants to fix the interest rate for twenty years, how can the wall be demolished?After tearing down walls and filling ditches, democrats and businessmen should further

Unite around the Communist Party, this is the direction. After Lu Yuwen spoke, Tan Tiwu also spoke again, criticizing Lu Yuwen.The report reads: She said that helping the Communist Party to rectify is to expose contradictions and sound the alarm to wake up some party members.She thought that Lu Yuwen was speaking on behalf of some Communist Party members who resisted the rectification movement, and none of his words were helpful to the party. This was a manifestation of disloyalty to the party and disloyalty to the country.She said that as early as eighteen or nineteen years ago, in articles such as "The Position of the Communist Party of China in the National War" and other articles, he taught Communist Party members to care about non-Party cadres, to value intellectuals, and to appoint people on their merits... But , Many shortcomings in the current work show that many Communist Party members have not acted according to Chairman Mao's words.She believes that these party members are not loyal to the party.Therefore, she wanted to ask those Communist Party members who resisted Chairman Mao's instructions: "Why didn't you listen to Chairman Mao's words, why did you resist?" She asked these party members to conduct a deep inspection.

After Lu Yuwen and Tan Tiwu spoke, Mei Gongbin spoke, taking a neutral attitude.The report said: Regarding the dispute between Tan Tiwu and Lu Yuwen, Mei Gongbin made this statement: The purpose of raising opinions on the CCP is to help the CCP rectify the movement.Any opinion can be raised, whether it is positive or negative.This is called contention. Finally, on June 7, 1957, the "People's Daily" published a cable from Xinhua News Agency in an unusual length of 3,000 characters, reporting Lu Yuwen's long article at the symposium for non-Party people in the State Council on June 6. Speech revealed the "anonymous letter incident". This is an extremely important report.At the beginning, it reads: At the symposium held this afternoon by Xi Zhongxun, Secretary-General of the State Council, who invited non-Party people, Lu Yuwen, Assistant Secretary-General of the State Council, spoke first. He read out an anonymous threatening letter he had recently received. This anonymous letter attacked Lu Yuwen's speech at the enlarged meeting of the Central Committee of the Chinese Revolutionary Committee on May 25. In that speech, Lu Yuwen believed that tearing down the "wall" was a two-sided matter, and he disagreed with some people who are only allowed to criticize The CCP is not allowed to criticize the claims of critics.The anonymous letter insulted Lu Yuwen for "being a minion for a tiger" and was a "shameless one", and threatened Lu Yuwen to "turn back as soon as possible", saying otherwise "I will not forgive you". The anonymous letter also said, "If the Communist Party only recognizes people like you," it will "go to perish one day." According to the report: After reading this anonymous letter, Lu Yuwen told everyone that because I said a few truth-seeking words at the symposium of the Central Committee of the Chinese Revolutionary Committee and criticized opinions that I disagreed with, I was abused. False, disloyal to the country.Now someone wrote this anonymous letter again to intimidate me and insult me. Lu Yuwen said that during the rectification movement, one should seek truth from facts when making opinions to the party, and different opinions may arise in different situations, and one should make one's own opinions, and let others do so.He said: "I don't understand why some people are only allowed to say negative things but not positive ones, and they hate people who say positive things like this. Some people insult me, some threaten me, and some pretend to be 'fair'. Shouldn’t we stand on the standpoint of socialism? Isn’t it because we have a common stand of socialism that many problems can be contradictions among the people? Since they are contradictions among the people, why should we Such abuse?" He also said, there are other people who want to get off the sedan chair and step down, so how can we achieve unity? Lu Yuwen said that we should think deeply, where does our criticism of the Communist Party come from?Where are you going? After saying these words, Lu Yuwen said, "He is not afraid of insults or threats, and he still wants to speak." When Lu Yuwen talked about receiving an anonymous letter, Li Zhonggong interjected that he had also received an anonymous letter, which immediately pushed the meeting to a climax: During Lu Yuwen's speech, Li Zhonggong, Counselor of the State Council, said that he also received an anonymous letter threatening him because he criticized someone who raised opinions on the CCP.Li Zhonggong said, I am not afraid of debate, but it is despicable for someone to use this method to deal with me. Li Zhonggong's speech played the role of confirming that Lu Yuwen had indeed received the anonymous letter from one side - because many people expressed doubts about the authenticity of the anonymous letter.Since Li Zhonggong also received anonymous letters, it shows that there is more than one anonymous letter, and it shows that some people have indeed used anonymous letters as a means to vent their dissatisfaction... Mao Zedong seized the opportunity to seize Lu Yuwen's "anonymous letter incident" as a breakthrough, and issued an order to launch a general attack, and a violent "anti-rightist movement" swept across China!