Chapter 38 Mao Zedong implemented the strategy of "luting the enemy to go deep"

When exactly did Mao Zedong decide to "transfer"? Before "researching" this question, let's "research" when Mao Zedong decided to implement the strategy of "luting the enemy to go deep" in 1957. Regarding this strategy of "luting the enemy to go deep", Mao Zedong wrote a famous article in 1957. It was an editorial on July 1 of the "People's Daily" written by him himself: "The bourgeoisie in Wen Wei Po The direction should be criticized". In this editorial, Mao Zedong wrote a paragraph about "Yangmou": During the period from May 8 to June 7, this newspaper and all the party newspapers carried out the instructions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, which is exactly what they did.Its purpose is to let demons, monsters, monsters, monsters, ghosts and snakes "speak loudly", let poisonous weeds grow and excel, and let the people see and be surprised that there are such things in the world, so that they can wipe out these ugly creatures.That is to say, the Communist Party sees that the class struggle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat is inevitable.Let the bourgeoisie and bourgeois intellectuals start this war, newspapers will not publish or publish less positive opinions for a period of time, and will not fight back against the rampant attacks of the bourgeois reactionary rightists. For a period of time, this kind of madness will not be fought back at all, so that the masses can clearly see who's criticism is in good faith and who's so-called criticism is malicious, so they can gather strength, wait for the opportunity, and launch a counterattack.Some say it's a conspiracy.We say that this is a conspiracy.Because I told the enemy in advance that the ghosts and monsters can only be wiped out if they are released from the cage, and the poisonous weeds can be easily hoeed only if they are released from the ground.Don't farmers have to weed several times a year?The grass hoe can also be used as fertilizer. ①

Mao Zedong's strategy of "luting the enemy to go deep" was actually expounded as early as January 27, 1957, at a meeting of party secretaries of provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions: We must unite and fight against democrats, depending on the situation, some must take the initiative to take measures and some must be exposed, and we should strike later rather than preemptively. ② The so-called "later attack" is actually another way of saying "to lure the enemy into deeper". Lin Biao had a brilliant explanation for this, saying: "Let the snake out of the hole and let some people drink realgar wine!"①

In Lin Biao's eyes, "rightists" are snakes disguised as humans.Just like the white lady in "The Legend of the White Snake" who drank realgar wine and showed her original shape, making a big statement means letting "rightists" drink "realgar wine".Lin Biao compared Mao Zedong's "Yangmou" to "leading a snake out of a hole", which is quite insightful. Before that passage, Mao Zedong said: "For democrats, we have to let them sing the opposite and let them criticize freely. If we don't do this, we will be a bit like the Kuomintang. The Kuomintang is very afraid of criticism, and every time it holds a political meeting, it is sincere and sincere. The criticism of democrats is nothing more than two kinds : One is wrong, the other is good. Good ones can make up for our shortcomings; wrong ones should be refuted. As for people like Liang Shuming, Peng Yihu, and Zhang Naiqi, let them fart if they have farts. It is beneficial, let everyone smell it, whether it is fragrant or smelly. After discussion, win the majority and isolate them. Well, the bigger the mistakes, the better, so that they are isolated and can educate the people negatively.”②

It can be said that Mao Zedong's speech in early 1957 had already determined his strategy for dealing with democrats in 1957. In this way, after the "People's Daily" published "The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's Instructions on the Rectification Movement" on May 1, 1957, Mao Zedong drafted "The Central Committee's Instructions on Inviting Non-Party People to Help the Rectification Movement" on May 4, 1957. Instructions”, the full text of which is as follows: The Shanghai Bureau, all provincial party committees, municipal party committees directly under them, autonomous region party committees, central ministries and commissions, state organs and all party groups of people's organizations:

In the past two months, the analysis of the contradictions among the people and the criticism of the mistakes and shortcomings of the party and the government have been carried out at various meetings and newspapers attended by non-Party people. Improving prestige is extremely beneficial, and we should continue to expand and criticize in depth without stopping or discontinuing.Some of them are criticized incorrectly, or some points of view in a piece of criticism are incorrect. Of course, they should be counter-criticized, and erroneous ideas should not be allowed to prevail without answering (we must study the timing of the answer and adopt an analytical attitude. persuasion), but most of the criticisms are pertinent and extremely beneficial to strengthening unity and improving work.Even wrong criticism exposes the face of some people, which will help us to help them carry out ideological remolding in the future.Now that the rectification movement has begun, the central government has negotiated with the leaders of the various democratic parties and non-party affiliation. Criticism of shortcomings and mistakes is beneficial to our party's rectification, otherwise it will be detrimental to our party's rectification (without social pressure, rectification is not easy to achieve results).They agree with this approach.As long as our party's rectification is successful, our party will take the full initiative, and then it will be able to promote the rectification of all sectors of society (here refers to the intellectual circles first).Please pay attention to this point.Non-Party people participate in our Party's rectification seminars and rectification groups to ask them to give us their opinions and criticize us, not to criticize themselves. Please also pay attention to this point.If there is any inconvenience, it is appropriate not to invite non-Party people to participate in the rectification movement, but the party invites non-Party people to hold a symposium, and invite them to express their opinions on shortcomings and mistakes in the work freely.Please handle it according to your local conditions.

What Mao Zedong said in this instruction is to "study the timing of the answer", that is, to carefully choose the timing to reverse the political wind, which is when Huang Qiuyun said "turned". Mao Zedong made the conclusion that "things are changing." The time when China's political winds "turned" in 1957, I think, can be roughly determined as May 15th.