Chapter 6 Zhou Enlai's report made intellectuals feel like a spring breeze

"When it's warm and cold, it's the most difficult to breathe." Li Qingzhao, a poetess in the Northern Song Dynasty, once outlined the characteristics of the weather in early spring. On March 24, 1957, "People's Daily" published Fei Xiaotong's article "Early Spring Weather of Intellectuals", which also talked about early spring weather.However, compared to Li Qingzhao, Fei Xiaotong obviously has something to say: "In January last year, Premier Zhou's report on the issue of intellectuals was like a spring thunder that roused the stinging stingers. Then, when the wind blows, the positive factors of intellectuals will be activated. But for ordinary old intellectuals, it seems that now It's still early spring weather. Their anger is rising, but they are still a little shy, their self-confidence is not so strong, and they seem to have a lot of worries. The weather in early spring is sometimes cold and warm, and this is the most difficult time to breathe..."

Fei Xiaotong called Premier Zhou Enlai's report "Chunlei", which is what he really meant, and his article was written after being shocked by "Chunlei". Yes, yes, Zhou Enlai's long speech was a spring thunder and a spring breeze to intellectuals. Beijing.From January 14 to 20, 1956, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a conference on intellectuals.Attending the meeting were members of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, alternate members of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, heads of party committees of provinces (cities), autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government. The names of the ministers and ministers of the central government included 1,279 names, enough to Indicates that this is a very important meeting.

The "first fiddler" of the meeting was Zhou Enlai.On January 14, the opening day of the conference, Zhou Enlai delivered a "Report on Intellectuals" to warm applause.In his long report, his passionate parallelism made intellectuals feel like a spring breeze: "In order to mobilize and exert the power of intellectuals to the fullest, first, their use and arrangement should be improved so that they can develop their specialties that are beneficial to the country; "In order to mobilize and exert the power of intellectuals to the fullest, secondly, one should have a good understanding of the intellectuals employed, give them the trust and support they deserve, and enable them to work actively;

"In order to mobilize and exert the power of intellectuals to the fullest, thirdly, intellectuals should be given the necessary working conditions and appropriate treatment..." Zhou Enlai's words made the intellectuals feel extremely warm, and the spring breeze was blowing on their faces. "With regard to the various administrative issues concerning the treatment of intellectuals, because some unified regulations and management are required, the State Council is planning to set up a Chinese Expert Bureau to deal with... , responsible for unified planning, unified adjustment, unified inspection and supervision.”

Shortly after Zhou Enlai's report, the Bureau of Experts of the State Council was established, and Professor Fei Xiaotong was appointed as its deputy director.This appointment made him feel warm in his heart, and he felt that Zhou Enlai said that one is one, and another is two, and he is solidly "mobilizing and exerting the power of intellectuals to the fullest".At this time, he also served as the deputy director of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, the vice president of the Central Institute for Nationalities, and the head of the Central Cultural and Educational Committee of the Democratic League.

"When spring comes to the world, old trees grow new branches." After Zhou Enlai's report on intellectuals, Fei Xiaotong was keenly aware of the breath of spring: Professor Chen Da is his teacher, and he has been a teacher for decades. Scholars, old-timers of sociology, gray-haired professors full of peaches and plums.However, after liberation, "his name is rarely seen in newspapers and magazines, and his books can no longer be found in bookstores." Just after Zhou Enlai's report, Fei Xiaotong was notified to attend the "lecture by Chen Da Sir, an outline of a paper on population issues" symposium, the old professor wrote a new book!

Another old professor named Li Jingda has also been silent for a long time.This Mr. Li, whom Fei Xiaotong called "an old-timer in the same industry", actually wrote a new book "Rural Family Life in the Suburbs of Beijing: Past and Present", which was serialized in People's Daily for three days. Fei Xiaotong was excited and encouraged by it: "Premier Zhou's report has played an indescribable role in encouraging those lonely friends. Some people even used the word 're-liberation' to describe their feelings. With the status in the new society, the heart is set and at ease. When the heart is at ease, the eyes will look forward and see their own future. Therefore, new requirements are put forward for themselves. Some dare to apply for party membership. Some privately plan to buy some tomes and do some infrastructure construction if they have spare money. This kind of long-term planning idea reflects the change of mood of those old intellectuals. Not to mention others, I have moved "Twenty-Four Histories" to It's on shelves, and I recently bought one.

"The mood of the intellectuals is gratifying. It is a positive factor, and it contains the demands for progress... More than a year ago, the intellectuals were distressed that they could not use their strength; these problems have basically been solved in the past year, and now they feel Insufficient strength, request to improve..." Fei Xiaotong is deeply aware of "spring comes to the world".However, he thought it was just "early spring weather", with a cold current sandwiched in the warm wind. With the pen as the voice of his heart, he wrote "The Early Spring Weather of Intellectuals", revealing the joys and worries of intellectuals...