Chapter 15 2. The seat of the Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet—the Xiejia Ancestral Hall in Yeping, Ruijin. Tang Yizhen gave birth to a baby girl, and her godmother Deng Yingchao named her "Aisheng"

On December 30, 1931, Ruijin, the Red Capital.An important meeting is being held at Yeping Xie Family Ancestral Hall, the seat of the Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet.After Zhou Enlai and others left Shanghai, they arrived in Yeping, Ruijin, and had just assumed the post of Secretary of the Central Bureau of the Soviet Area.A lot of work is underway: the training of the 26th Route Army of the Kuomintang after the Uprising in Ningdu; Mao Zedong handing over the work of the Central Bureau of the Soviet Area to Zhou Enlai; the discussion of the "Declaration of the War Against Japan" to be issued by the Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic...

In this world-renowned house, Yeping is about to be born. In the downstairs left wing of Mao Zedong's residence, Tang Yizhen was about to give birth, and military doctor Chen Zhifang was in charge of delivering the baby.She knew that the leaders of the CCP were meeting upstairs. In order not to let herself cry out, she would stuff the horns into her mouth and bite hard. Beads of sweat oozed from her pale face, and her hair stuck to her forehead. His clothes were wet with sweat.She held the edge of the bed with one hand, and tightly held Deng Yingchao's hand with the other. Deng Yingchao grabbed her hand and accompanied Tang Yizhen for almost a day.After arriving in the Soviet area, Tang Yizhen became best friends with her and called her godmother.Now that her little "grandson" is about to be born, she is delighted, anxious, and helpless.She had no experience in giving birth, and seeing Tang Yizhen's distorted and moaning painful figure, she couldn't help her, and tears burst out from time to time.

Suddenly, a baby's cry lit up the twilight in Hongdu. "Wow, wow——" the cry was as loud as a trumpet. It seemed that the sound of the rest trumpet was heard, and the meeting upstairs came to a standstill.Everyone stood up and walked out. Zhu De stepped out of the door first, poked his head out from the corridor, and shouted loudly: "Old Chen, the crying is so loud, is it because a boy was born?" "Report to the boss." Chen Zhifang, the military doctor who was sweating, wiped the sweat from his forehead and the tip of his nose with a wave of his hand, and replied, "I'm not a cowherd, but a pretty girl!" Grandpa!" Mao Zedong laughed, and while listening to the baby's cry with everyone, he smoked "squeaky".

Several great men in modern Chinese history laughed loudly. No one expected that a girl born in this special period would face countless ups and downs, performing a bizarre tragedy and comedy. Hearing the crying, He Zizhen and others rushed in to congratulate Tang Yizhen.Deng Yingchao searched out the leftovers of the food she had saved, and happily bought some eggs, brown sugar, etc. for her "goddaughter" to confine her. After discussing with Zhou Enlai, she gave the child an affectionate name "Aisheng".Because the child was born in Yeping, Ruijin, his nickname was Yeping.

This little "Aisheng" became "Yiping" later.Her father Lu Dingyi married her mother Tang Yizhen in Moscow in 1929.At that time, Lu Dingyi was the Chinese representative stationed in the Communist Party International.Tang Yizhen was a student of "Sun Yat-sen University" (later changed to the Communist Labor University of China). In 1930, Lu Dingyi separated from his wife and returned to China first to work underground in Shanghai. A few months later, Tang Yizhen also returned to China and reunited with her husband briefly in Shanghai.Soon, she was ordered to disguise herself as father and daughter with He Shuheng, and came to the Soviet Area in Western Fujian founded by Zhang Dingcheng. At the beginning of 1931, Lu Dingyi also traveled to the west of Fujian to meet Yizhen again.In September of that year, Liu Bojian led the troops to open the road from Ruijin to western Fujian.After receiving the notice, Lu Dingyi and his wife went to Ruijin to attend the first National Congress of Soviets.

Tang Yizhen once participated in the "Medical Training Class" training during her studies in Moscow.Before the confinement was over, Tang Yizhen was appointed as the director of the Medicinal Materials Bureau of the General Health Department of the Central Military Commission and the director of the Sanitary Materials Factory. She took up the post with little "Aisheng" in her arms.The sanitary material factory is located in a cottage in Yinkeng Township, Du County, more than 80 miles away from Ruijin.Due to the long-term blockade by the White Army, various materials in the Soviet area were in short supply.At first, the sanitary material factory could only produce some cotton wool and gauze.Later, Tang Yizhen and the pharmacist developed several kinds of traditional Chinese medicine pills to deal with several infectious diseases that ravaged the Soviet area.

This trick really worked. The pills were sent to the troops and localities. Malaria, dysentery, and typhoid fever in the Soviet area were significantly controlled, and the death rate of the wounded and sick was greatly reduced.The Central Bureau of the Soviet Area and the "Red China", the official newspaper of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, reported Tang Yizhen's deeds many times. It was during this period that Tang Yizhen met Deng Xiaoping who was in jail.Decades later, Deng Xiaoping became the leader of the country and recalled that period of history many times.

"One day, when the guards took me back to the detention room, I met Tang Yizhen, Lu Dingyi's wife." I said to her, "I'm hungry and I can't get enough." "She took pity on me. So she bought two chickens for a silver dollar. When the chickens were cooked, she sent a message to the guards to take me to her house for dinner. I ate one chicken and put the other Take the chicken back to the detention room and eat it. Lu Dingyi participated in the Long March and survived, but his sympathetic wife died.” In October 1934, the Central Revolutionary Base Area’s fifth campaign against “encirclement and suppression” failed. The main force of the Central Red Army was forced to leave the Soviet area and make a strategic shift.In order to cover the transfer of the main Red Army, a small number of local troops must be left behind. In order to reduce the load on the main Red Army, the wounded, sick, women and children must be left behind.

Originally, Tang Yizhen could go with the main force of the Red Army, but she was pregnant, so she had to stay and work.She parted with her husband who had just returned to the Soviet Area from Shanghai, and had to part with her daughter, Aisheng. Because of the Long March, many leaders of the CCP kept their children secretly in this way.This is how Mao Zedong’s son Xiao Mao stayed, Liu Bojian’s son Liu Bao, and Lin Boqu’s son, Deng Zihui’s son also stayed in this way... The main force of the Red Army was transferred, and the sanitary material factory was disbanded.According to the decision of the Central Sub-bureau, Tang Yizhen followed Mao Zetan and led a force to break out of the siege to Fujian and carry out armed struggle.

In mid-November, troops from 8 divisions of the White Army and armed landlords carried out a frenzied "cleaning and suppression" of the Red Army in western Fujian. On November 19, Tang Yizhen, accompanied by Deng Zihui's mother, dragged her heavy body before giving birth to Guitian Township and lived in the home of Fan Qibiao, the head of the Tingxi County Security Bureau.The next day, she gave birth to a boy named Xiao Ding. A month later, the White Army approached Guitian, and the Fujian Provincial Party Committee notified Tang Yizhen to transfer.Tang Yizhen resolutely left the child to Fan Qibiao and his wife, and left some daily necessities, including a blanket and a copper washbasin with a chip in it (these two pieces are now in the Changting County Museum).At this time, Tang Yizhen made preparations for her farewell. On the burden cloth she left for her son, she wrote down her family's home address in Wuchang, Hubei in Chinese and Russian, and signed it: Tang Yizhen.

After returning to the army, Tang Yizhen served as the propaganda minister and military doctor in the provincial military region. In late January 1935, most of the Sidu area was occupied by the White Army, and Tang Yizhen's guerrilla brigade was surrounded by the Kuomintang. Tang Yizhen and Mao Zetan broke through with a battalion of the Fujian Military Region and went to Jiangxi to look for Chen Yi's troops. On the way, the team was broken up by the 36th Division of the White Army Song Xilian. At noon on the 27th, during the march, Tang Yizhen handed a pair of twisted silver bracelets to the little propagandist Chen Liuma: "Xiao Chen, this pair of silver bracelets was given to me by a comrade-in-arms before he died. I will give it to you today as a souvenir. If someone asks you in the future, you should tell him that my husband's surname is Lu and his name is Lu Dingyi. I am very good, I can’t see him again in this life. You are a local, let me tell you, I gave birth to a son, Xiao Ding, in Guitian Township a month ago. He is very similar to his father. I will be brought up by Fan Qibiao and his wife. If I can survive, mother and son will recognize each other in the future. Then my son is both a Fan family and a Lu family. Both families have a share. If I die, please tell my husband and child that I am Those who sacrificed for the revolution will never be surrenderers, and they will die under the red flag!" Chen Liumo accepted the bracelet with tears in her eyes and said, "Don't worry, Sister Tang. Fan Qibiao and his wife are good people. I know them. His wife Cong Xiumei is still my cousin. I will go to see the child in the future." Tang Yizhen was a little happy after hearing this, and took off an orange silk padded jacket from her body, and gave it to Chen Liuma. Afterwards, she carried the file bag on her back and followed the Red Army team into the Wujiaotang Mountain Pit. On the 28th, the troops fought tenaciously with the White Army and ran out of ammunition and food. Tang Yizhen, a regiment political commissar surnamed Hu, and a battalion commander were captured and detained in a regiment of the 36th Division of the White Army in Laiba, Sidu. department. At dusk that day, Tang Yizhen was in the ear room of the Liao's ancestral hall where he was being held, and saw Chen Liuma coming with a bowl of boiled egg vermicelli. "Xiao Chen, have you not been caught?" She asked in a low voice. "I caught it. I speak the local Hakka dialect. I said I was a village girl collecting firewood, and some folks came forward to testify, so I let me go." Chen Liumo whispered: "You must be hungry, eat it quickly, don't you want to eat it?" Admit that you are a cadre of the Red Army, and we will raise money in private to release you on bail." Tang Yizhen smiled bitterly while eating: "Listen, comrades are being tortured in the hall. The enemy will not allow you to release me on bail, and I will not bear the humiliation. Little Chen, there is only one way out, before the enemy finds out our identities, try to escape and go to Jiangxi to find Chen Yi.” At dawn the next day, Tang Yizhen sneaked out of the window, slipped into the hall, and released Commissar Hu and The battalion commander's rope, then, escaped by bricking two dozing sentries. At dawn, the Bai army dispatched a large force to hunt him down.On the evening of the third day, Tang Yizhen and the other three were unfortunately arrested again near the Shenshan Col in Tangwu Village. The enemy immediately telegraphed Li Mo'an, commander of the Longyan "Communist Suppression" headquarters, and Li immediately called back: the three should be executed on the spot. Chestnut trees, camphor trees, neem trees, and wild jujube trees grow on the dry sandy beaches of the river dam.The cold wind kept passing through the gaps in the trees, blowing down a few yellow leaves.The warm early spring sun slanted down on the woods. She was pushed and shoved to appear on the river beach: tied up and bruised; her face was pale but dignified. "Female red bandit!" the executioners howled like wolves, "ah, it's this female red bandit who just took a chance to untie and stuffed a document hidden on her body into her mouth in the blink of an eye and swallowed it. Already!" Tang Yizhen walked in front with difficulty.The light gray cotton military uniform on her body was torn, and the bundled brown rope was pierced into her muscles, and her injured right leg was a little limp.But she still walked straight, the howling cold wind was blowing her short ear-length hair, and her pale cheeks showed no expression. From a distance, Chen Liuma cried heartbreakingly: "Sister Tang—sister—" "Bang, bang—" Two shots were fired, and Political Commissar Hu and the battalion commander were killed by drinking bullets.But Tang Yizhen was stripped naked by the insane executioner, cut open her stomach, took out her heart and liver, and died in pain... This was January 31, 1935, and she was only 25 years old. Also at this time, not far from here, another unit of the Red Army was also dispersed by the White Army.Deng Zihui and a few others broke through.Zhou Yuelin, Women's Director of the Central Bureau of the Soviet Area, noticed that Qu Qiubai, the leader of the party, hadn't followed, so she turned around and went back to look for it.Zhai Qiubai and her hid in a piece of grass, ready to wait for the Bai army to search before leaving.Because Zhai Qiubai had been ill for a long time, his feet were weak, and he fell down. A small tree shook, and he was immediately spotted by the Bai army observing on the mountain.Qu Qiubai, Zhou Yuelin and Zhang Liang were arrested.Soon, Qu Qiubai was identified by a traitor and died heroically in Tingzhou. After 53 years, in the summer of 1989, the author came to Xialaiba where Tang Yizhen died, and found Chen Liuma who was still alive.The old woman was very excited, and her flat mouth squirmed: "Ah, it's a person who was killed. It hurts to cut it with a knife, and the blood is flying in the sky. Sister Yizhen didn't make a sound... Sister Tang is a beauty Mile! Teach me to sing, learn culture... In the mountains, she also taught me some herbs..." The three chestnut trees between the river dams are undulating, which was excavated by the martyr's son Lu Xiaoding not long ago. Several big pits.However, no remains of the martyrs were found.The thick river sand has been washed and replaced by decades of river water.However, I heard from the villagers of Xia Lai that when agriculture learned from Dazhai to open up wasteland and build fields, many bones were dug up here and thrown away... On Wolong Mountain in Changting, there is a monument to Qu Qiubai.On a hillside behind the monument, a pine forest embraces a tomb, which is the "clothes tomb" of the martyr Tang Yizhen.Lu Dingyi's inscription on the stele: "Martyr Tang Yizhen, a native of Wuchang, Hubei, a female Communist Party member, loyal to the party and the people, has been repeatedly persecuted by Wang Ming's line and has not surrendered. She used to be the director of the material factory of the Central Ministry of Health. January 1935 She died in Xialaiba, Changting in the guerrilla war. She was only 25 years old when she was born in 1909. She fulfilled her vow of 'as long as she is alive, she must fight to the end for communism'...Martyr Tang Yizhen is my dearest relative , is my confidant. I will always miss her, learn from her, and teach my children and grandchildren to learn from her." Lu Dingyi praised in his eulogy: The heart of martyr Tang Yizhen is made of gold.The soul of martyr Tang Yizhen is carved out of crystal...