Chapter 78 Huang Kecheng, Commander of the Yongxing Agricultural Army

In April 1928, with the troops of Zhu De and Chen Yi going to Jinggangshan to join the troops led by Mao Zedong, there were thousands of Hunan peasants who participated in the riots in southern Hunan. Among them, the leader of more than 800 peasant troops in Yongxing County was only 26 years old. Huang Kecheng. Huang Kecheng, a native of Yongxing County, Hunan Province, was born in 1902.He started private school at the age of 9, was admitted to the County Higher Primary School in 1920, and was admitted to the Provincial Third Normal School in Hengyang in 1922. Entering the third provincial normal school had a huge impact on Huang Kecheng's choice of life path.At that time, the Provincial Third Normal School could be said to be an important revolutionary stronghold in southern Hunan.As early as August 1920, when Mao Zedong founded the Wenhua Publishing House in Changsha to spread Marxism, he set up the Hengyang branch of the Wenhua Publishing House in the Third Normal School; I went to Hengyang twice in April, and delivered a speech on socialism and the Chinese peasant movement in the wind and rain playground of the Third Normal School.These gave Huang Kecheng the conditions and the opportunity to read progressive books and periodicals and get in touch with Marxism, so that in 1925, he joined the Communist Party of China.

Not long after Huang Kecheng joined the party, he met Mao Zedong, whom he had admired for a long time. In August of this year, Mao Zedong came to Hengyang again. He held a meeting of party members in Dongshan Temple near the Third Division, and proposed to send a group of key members to Guangzhou to study in order to train leaders of the worker-peasant movement. Later, Huang Kecheng was sent by the Hunan Party Organization of the Communist Party of China to study in the Political Workshop of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang in Guangzhou.Here, he witnessed Mao Zedong's demeanor with his own eyes and listened to Mao Zedong's teachings with his own ears.He was deeply attracted by Mao Zedong.The Chinese Peasant Movement course taught by Mao Zedong showed a whole new world before his eyes, and Mao Zedong's unique insights into the Peasant Movement made him even more enlightened.

It was from then on that the image of Mao Zedong was firmly established in Huang Kecheng's heart. In June 1926, after graduating from the political workshop, Huang Kecheng was assigned to the Tang Shengzhi Eighth Army of the National Revolutionary Army as a battalion political instructor. Participated in the Northern Expedition.As a cross-party member, he worked hard to do political work in this army. At the same time, he himself continued to learn combat skills and command art in battle, which laid a good foundation for his later revolutionary military career. After the failure of the Great Revolution, Huang Kecheng returned to his hometown Yongxing, contacted Communist Party members Yin Zishao, Kuang Zhenxing, Li Bucheng, Liu Mu, Xiang Dafu, etc., secretly mobilized the masses, and actively prepared for armed riots.According to the decision of the Yongxing Special Branch of the CCP, he and Xiang Dafu were responsible for the preparations for the riot.

Soon, Huang Kecheng organized a peasant armed force of more than 100 people in the western area of ​​Yongxing. In mid-January 1928, after the news that Zhu De and Chen Yi led their troops to outwit Yizhang reached Yongxing, Huang Kecheng believed that the time for a riot had come, so he consulted with other comrades in the Yongxing special branch and decided to launch the Yongxing peasant riot immediately . Under the leadership of Huang Kecheng, Yin Zishao, etc., the gunfire of the Yongxing peasant uprising first started in Banliang and Yau Mawei in the western region, and nearby farmers responded one after another. In a few days, the team grew to more than 1,000 people. On February 9, with the support of a reinforced company of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army sent by Zhu De, the Yongxing Peasant Army captured Yongxing County in one fell swoop.Huang Kecheng logically became the party representative of the newly formed Yongxing Red Guard Corps after the victory of the uprising.

At the beginning of April, after occupying Leiyang in the north, the enemies of the "Hui Suppression" uprising army in southern Hunan rushed towards Yongxing County aggressively.At this time, Yin Zishao, the head of the regiment, led the main force of the Red Guard Regiment to support Guiyang, a neighboring county, and had not yet returned. Huang Kecheng commanded a team of less than 1,000 people to start a fierce battle with the enemy.In order to preserve the vitality of the revolution, after covering the transfer of the Yongxing County Committee of the Communist Party of China to a safe area, he also led the remaining more than 800 peasant troops to withdraw from Yongxing County, and joined the Hunan Uprising led by Chen Yi at Zixing Penggong Temple. The county peasant army marched towards Jinggangshan through Lingxian County, and finally realized the great meeting of Zhu Mao's Red Army in Longshi, Ningkang.

When the Fourth Army of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army was announced, the Yongxing Peasant Army led by Huang Kecheng was organized into the 35th Regiment of the 12th Division, and he was the head of the regiment. For this appointment, Huang Kecheng had concerns at first, because he felt that he had always been doing political work, and it would be better to hire Gao Ming to lead the army to fight.Therefore, when Chen Yi, the division commander, came from Long City to Dalong, where the headquarters of the 35th Regiment was located, for an inspection, he made a request to Chen Yi to send a capable regiment leader, while still doing political work.Unexpectedly, the bold and unrestrained Chen Yi agreed: "If you want, I can send you a regiment leader." But then he changed the subject, patted Huang Kecheng on the shoulder and said, "Comrade, all of us must be able to do both civil and military skills." What! Our Commander Zhu is capable of writing and martial arts, and the representative of the Maoist Party is also capable of writing and martial arts!"

After hearing what Chen Yi said, Huang Kecheng regretted his request. In this way, under the leadership of Mao Zedong, Zhu De, and Chen Yi, Huang Kecheng provoked the important task of military command of the 35th regiment. According to the order of the military department, Huang Kecheng commanded the 35th regiment to participate in famous battles such as Huang'ao and Wudoujiang, repelled the second "suppression" launched by the Kuomintang army to the Jinggangshan base area, and made contributions to defend and expand the Jinggangshan base area. contributed. In the practice of the Jinggangshan struggle, Huang Kecheng began to study and understand Mao Zedong Thought, especially Mao Zedong's thoughts and strategies and tactics on the construction of the people's army.When he first arrived in Jinggangshan, Huang Kecheng was a little surprised by Mao Zedong's proposal that the army should not pay and implement a supply system.He thought, for conscious Communists, this is not a problem, but can it work for ordinary soldiers?It is the practice of the army to pay the salary of the soldiers and the salary of the officials, and it was the same with the National Revolutionary Army during the Northern Expedition.Now that it has changed all of a sudden, can the team take it down?He was a little suspicious, a little worried.But the facts quickly proved that his doubts and worries were unnecessary.The supply system is not only feasible, but also implemented very well, because the cadres take the lead and the officers and soldiers unanimously guarantee it.This incident educated Huang Kecheng deeply. He felt that the set of lines, guidelines, policies and measures formulated by Mao Zedong seemed simple, but they could stand the test of time and practice.Mao Zedong was indeed smarter than his contemporaries.It is precisely because of his reverence for Mao Zedong that he firmly supported Mao Zedong's leadership in the practice of revolutionary struggle in the future. I believe that Mao Zedong's strategy and tactics are correct, and I will never review them.

In the early 1980s, when someone denied Mao Zedong and Mao Zedong Thought, he stood up again, and with his deep feelings and personal experience for Mao Zedong, he clearly defended Mao Zedong's historical status and the banner of Mao Zedong Thought. In November 1980, at a symposium held by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, Huang Kecheng dragged his sick body and delivered a long speech on Mao Zedong Thought and Mao Zedong.He said: How to understand and evaluate Chairman Mao and how to treat Mao Zedong Thought is a fundamental problem for our party and country.Comrade Xiaoping has said many times that in the history of our party and country, Chairman Mao's achievements come first, and his mistakes come second.Chairman Mao saved the party and the country from crises many times. Without Chairman Mao, at least we Chinese people would have to grope in the dark for a longer time.Chairman Mao cannot be blamed for all the mistakes of the past. Those of us of the older generation are also responsible.We will continue to uphold Mao Zedong Thought in the future.Comrade Xiaoping's principled opinions are expressed on behalf of the Central Committee. I fully agree with them. I believe that all Communist Party members should consider the evaluation of Chairman Mao and the attitude towards Mao Zedong Thought in this spirit.

When reviewing Mao Zedong's historical achievements in leading the Jinggangshan struggle, he said affectionately: "If there is no Chairman Mao's red flag in Jinggangshan, and Chairman Mao's correct political line and military line, the team led by Comrades Zhu De and Chen Yi must persevere. It was also very difficult. Comrades Peng Dehuai, Teng Daiyuan, Huang Gonglue and others heroically led the Pingjiang riot. After the riot, Huang Gonglue and several comrades were ordered to stay in Pingjiang and Liuyang with a small number of armed forces. Comrades Peng Dehuai and Teng Daiyuan led the main force They also went to Jinggangshan. After they learned Chairman Mao’s establishment of a revolutionary regime, establishment of base areas, establishment of the party, and establishment of the army, etc., they returned to the Pingjiang and Liuyang areas and developed the Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi base areas. Hubei, Henan, Anhui, Hunan, Hubei The great development of the Red Army in western and other places is also inseparable from the influence of the Jinggangshan Red Flag.”

"At that time, everyone had no experience, so it was very difficult to come up with such a set of correct things. The Party Central Committee at that time, including before and after the Sixth National Congress, failed to come up with this set. Chairman Mao was more than We are indeed many times better." "It's not easy to do so, and others can't bring it up." Jinggangshan is a small area. Since nearly 10,000 Hunan peasants and troops came to the mountain, it immediately caused great difficulties in food supply on the mountain.After research, the Front Committee of the Fourth Red Army decided to form a four-way guerrilla army from the four counties of Leiyang, Yongxing, Chenxian, and Zixing, and return to southern Hunan to carry out guerrilla struggle.Huang Kecheng was appointed as the commander of the second guerrilla army composed of Yongxing peasant army.

To be honest, Huang Kecheng disagreed with the decision of the peasant army to return to the county for activities.Because the enemy is strong and we are weak, most of these comrades have exposed their identities, and it is difficult to persevere under the white terror.But there are indeed difficulties in Jinggangshan. Now that the party has made a decision, he can only obey. The next day, Huang Kecheng led the Yongxing peasant army to leave Jinggangshan, where they had been fighting for more than a month, and set foot on the way back to Yongxing. After walking for 3 days on the road, I arrived at the realm of Yongxing.At this time, Li Yiding, secretary of the Yongxing County Party Committee and party representative of the Communist Party of China, proposed to go to the Hunan Special Committee and left the team. Before leaving, he asked Huang Kecheng to act as the secretary of the county Party committee. According to reports on the enemy's situation received from various sources, Huang Kecheng held a meeting in Dashu Village, Jiangdong, 30 miles away from Yongxing County, with the participation of members of the county party committee and guerrilla cadres to study the next move.He said to everyone with a serious expression: "Now the strength of the enemy and us is very different. Although we have hundreds of people, we only have a dozen guns, and there are old and young women. Now we are dragging across the river to fight guerrillas. It is definitely not tenable. From my point of view, mobilize the women, old and young to go home, and stay in Jiangdong to fight guerrillas on the borders of the three counties of Yongxing, Zixing, and Anren. We can move closer to Jinggangshan immediately." However, this opinion was opposed by the deputy commander Liu Chenggao and most of the guerrilla cadres.They insisted on attacking Yongxing County immediately. As the secretary of the county party committee, Huang Kecheng, in order to be responsible for the lives of the hundreds of people entrusted by the party, resolutely opposed this desperate and risky action. The meeting lasted until dark, but there was still no unified opinion. That night, Liu Chenggao took advantage of the peasants' homesickness and secretly pulled the team away behind Huang Kecheng's back.A peasant army of hundreds of people eventually dispersed like birds and beasts. Huang Kecheng, Li Bocheng and others were unable to carry out guerrilla warfare because of the severe white terror in their hometowns, so they had to leave their hometowns and go to Shanghai to find the party via Changsha, Wuhan, and Nanjing. After going through many hardships and hardships, he finally arrived in Shanghai in January 1929 and connected with the Party Central Committee. At the beginning of 1930, Huang Kecheng was dispatched by the Central Military Commission to return to the Red Army and work in the Fifth Red Army led by Peng Dehuai.From then on, the long-term fighting friendship with Peng Dehuai began.In the Fifth Red Army and the subsequent formation of the Third Red Army, Huang Kecheng successively served as the political commissar of the brigade, detachment, column and division. Red Army commander. During the War of Resistance Against Japan and the War of Liberation, Huang Kecheng successively served as the political commissar of the 344th Brigade of the 115th Division of the Eighth Route Army, the political commissar of the second and fourth columns of the Eighth Route Army, the commander and political commissar of the fifth column, the commander and political commissar of the third division of the New Fourth Army , Commander of the Northern Subei Military Region, Commander of the Ximan Military Region, Deputy Commander of the Northeast Democratic Alliance Army, Logistics Commander, Political Commissar, Secretary of the Jireliao Branch Bureau of the Communist Party of China and Political Commissar of the Military Region, fought bloody battles for the cause of people's liberation in the north and south of the river, and established a illustrious He is a military strategist with great foresight in the People's Army. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Huang Kecheng served as the first leader in his hometown of Hunan-the secretary of the Hunan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and the political commissar of the Hunan Provincial Military Region. In November 1952, he was transferred to the position of deputy chief of the general staff of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, director of the general logistics department and political commissar. In 1954, he became Vice Minister of National Defense, Secretary-General of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China and Chief of Staff. In 1955, Huang Kecheng was awarded the rank of general of the Chinese People's Liberation Army.