Chapter 66 Another Red Army rises in the northern section of the Luoxiao Mountains

While the Fourth Red Army was fighting bloody battles in the middle of the Luoxiao Mountains, in July 1928, a new Red Army team was born in the northern part of the Luoxiao Mountains. When the Fourth Red Army was established, it was called the "Fourth Red Army" not because the Red Army had already had four army numbers at that time, but because of two considerations: one was to change the name according to the number of the Fourth Army of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army The second is to strengthen the "momentum". The newly born Red Army unit in the northern section of the Luoxiao Mountains is called the "Five Red Army" after the designation of the Fourth Red Army.

The leaders of the Fifth Red Army were Peng Dehuai, Teng Daiyuan, and Huang Gonglue. Peng Dehuai, formerly known as Peng Dehua, was born in Xiangtan County, Hunan Province. When he was young, he joined the Hunan Army with the purpose of eliminating the rich and finding a way out for the poor.Because of his bravery in combat, he became a squad leader, platoon leader, and company commander from an ordinary soldier. After studying in the Hunan Army Lecture Hall, he was promoted from company commander to battalion commander and acting regiment commander. Head of the First Regiment of the Independent Fifth Division of the National Revolutionary Army.

During his military career, Peng Dehuai got acquainted with Duan Dechang, a Communist. When many people left the Communist Party due to the failure of the revolution, he was introduced by Duan Dechang and joined the Communist Party of China in April 1928. In June, Peng Dehuai led a regiment with the Fifth Independent Division to Pingjiang County, Hunan Province.In Pingjiang, he did a major event that shocked China. Pingjiang is located in the northern section of the Luoxiao Mountains, where the Huanglong, Mufu, Lianyun, Fushou and other mountains are connected to each other. The altitude is above 1,500 meters, with thousands of mountains and green valleys.It reaches Hubei in the north and Jiangxi in the east. It is the junction of the three provinces of Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi, and its geographical location is extremely important.

Pingjiang also has a solid foundation for the workers' and peasants' movement.As early as the early days of the founding of the Communist Party of China, there was a grassroots organization of the party here; during the Great Revolution, the workers' and peasants' movement was in full swing; after the "Ma Ri Incident", Yu Benmin led more than 1,200 workers and peasants volunteers in Pingjiang to participate in the Autumn Harvest Uprising, and many of them followed Mao Zedong to the Autumn Harvest Uprising. and the remaining Communist Party members, under the leadership of the Pingjiang County Committee of the Communist Party of China, re-established a local armed force of more than 500 people and fought indomitably against the enemy. On March 16, 1928, nearly 20 people were organized. The "March Attack on the City" that the Wannong Army participated in besieging the county seat scared the enemy guards into a cold sweat.

Superior geography, topographical conditions and a solid foundation for the revolutionary movement provided a good external environment for Peng Dehuai's uprising. The Fifth Independent Division went to Pingjiang to wipe out the "communist bandits" here and extinguish the flames of revolution, but Peng Dehuai had his own plan. Before the troops came to Pingjiang, when they were stationed in Nanxian County, Hunan Province, there was a movement of "making wages" brewing.At that time, the whole division was in arrears of salary for 5 months, and the soldiers and junior officers were all depressed and complained.After arriving in Pingjiang, Peng Dehuai used a regiment of secret Communists as the backbone, mobilized in series by the Secret Soldiers Committee, and organized the soldiers to "argue for pay", and succeeded, forcing the division commander Zhou Pan to borrow 100,000 yuan to pay the owed military pay.On the basis of the "payment" movement, Peng Dehuai actively prepared for the uprising.

The first is to make the soldiers understand the truth of the revolution.The secret party members in the army actively publicized Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary ideas on helping farmers and workers among the soldiers, and preached the revolutionary truth of the poor seeking liberation.As a result, when "suppressing bandits", the troops often fired a burst of guns into the sky and then returned to the camp, sometimes even consciously throwing some ammunition for the guerrillas to pick up; when the door-to-door regiment captured guerrillas or Communists, Peng Dehuai's subordinates often went to ask for them. He came to "interrogate", released him quietly, and then told the door-to-door group that he had been "disposed".

The second is to make the relationship between officers and soldiers harmonious.For this reason, Peng Dehuai ordered the abolition of the officer's kitchenette, and took the lead in leading the officers to eat the same meals as the soldiers. He also used 6,000 yuan of provident fund and part of his salary to buy mosquito nets for the soldiers. When Peng Dehuai was intensively preparing for the uprising, he suddenly received a secret telegram from Changsha. The secret telegram was sent by Ma Bian Chen Yucheng of the teacher Zhou Pan.Chen Yucheng once served in the same company as Peng Dehuai, and participated in the Poverty Relief Association, a secret organization in the army. More than 10 days ago, before he left Pingjiang with Zhou Pan for the provincial capital Changsha, he copied to Peng Dehuai the password for the telegram between Zhou and Li Huigen, the deputy division commander.The two agreed that Chen Yucheng would translate and send two copies if there were any crucial confidential matters; for especially confidential matters, they would be given to Peng Dehuai first and then to Li Huigen.

The secret telegram was for Li Huigen, and when Peng Dehuai translated the secret telegram, he couldn't help but turn pale with shock. The general idea of ​​the telegram is: The South China Security Special Committee of the Communist Party of China has been uncovered, its person in charge was arrested in Changsha, and Huang Gonglue, Huang Chunyi, He Guozhong and others were confessed to be the Communist Party.Therefore, Zhou Pan ordered Li Huigen to arrest the three people immediately. Huang Gonglue was the battalion commander of the third battalion of the third regiment, Huang Chunyi was the company commander of the third battalion and the ninth company of the first regiment, and He Guozhong was the education director of the division's camp school. They were all members of the Communist Party and the backbone of the party in the independent fifth division.Fortunately, Chen Yucheng sent a copy of the secret telegram to Peng Dehuai, so that they survived and the party organization of the Third Regiment had time to take emergency measures. More than 40 years later, Peng Dehuai still firmly remembers the poem he wrote at that time: "The telex is worth a thousand gold, which is the root of the happiness of the revolution." He has never forgotten the special contribution made by Chen Yucheng: "This outstanding and studious young man, The unsung hero! I will always miss you!"

The situation changed suddenly and the situation was urgent. Peng Dehuai immediately decided to hold a party committee meeting to discuss countermeasures.Just at this time, Teng Daiyuan, a special commissioner of the Hunan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and secretary of the Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi Border Special Committee, came to Pingjiang and got in touch with Peng Dehuai and others. After arriving in Pingjiang, Peng Dehuai has been trying to find a local party organization.At the most critical juncture, when he needed the party organization the most, the leader of the higher party organization came to him and brought the party's instructions, which made him feel that he had a backbone.

After research, it was decided to launch an uprising in the name of "making wages", and the time was set on July 22 (the sixth day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar). That day is coming soon. In the morning, Peng Dehuai first held a meeting of officers above the platoon, dismissed more than a dozen junior officers from their posts on the grounds that they did not implement the charter of the soldiers committee, and cleared the way for the uprising to start. Then, on the playground of Tianyue Academy in the east of Pingjiang City, an uprising swearing-in meeting was held.

More than 800 officers and soldiers with red belts around their necks were fully armed and lined up neatly.Peng Dehuai in military uniform stood on the stage energetically, and the bright red cloth belt around his neck was particularly eye-catching.After counting all kinds of injustices in society and the crimes of the Kuomintang reactionaries, Peng Dehuai announced in a resonant voice: the whole regiment is armed for uprising. At 1:00 p.m., the uprising troops began to act. Teams of uprising officers and soldiers wearing red belts disarmed the reactionary forces and captured the military and political institutions in Pingjiang County. Zhou Yucheng, the squad leader of the first battalion and the second company, led a squad to deal with a team of the Qingxiang Regiment. As soon as the rebel army approached their residence, their sentries fired two shots. The insurgents shouted loudly: "We are fighting for military pay, and it has nothing to do with you. Don't shoot!" The sentinels of the Qingxiang regiment hesitated, and the rebels took the opportunity to rush into the yard. The team leader of Qingxiang was puzzled for a while, and quickly came out and said: "I am the team leader, and I am all of my own, don't get me wrong!" Zhou Yucheng rushed forward and pointed his gun at him: "There is no misunderstanding, it is the captain who has been arrested!" Seeing that the captain was arrested, the soldiers of the Qingxiang regiment obediently lined up and handed over their guns. The Third Battalion and the Ninth Company were responsible for disbanding the Division's Political Training Office and the Secret Service Company stationed in Pingjiang County.Li Jukui, the squad leader of the company, recalled: Our company arrived at the hillside behind the Gospel Church at exactly one o'clock in the afternoon.The company commander immediately arranged: order the second row to insert at the gate of the Gospel Hall, block the door, and not allow people from the office and the secret service company to run out. Go down the hillside and kill them.After the company commander made arrangements, our second platoon leader He Guian led the whole platoon to immediately block the gate of the Gospel Church. He asked me to take the fourth team to occupy the gate card to block the door. He led the fifth and sixth teams to occupy the gate thirty to forty meters away The little soil bag came to cover us, and our fourth squad entered the gate and handed over the guards' guns first.Immediately, the platoon leader of the spy company came out with his duty belt on his back.The platoon leader used to be a trainee in our company. He knew me, and asked as soon as he came: 'Sergeant Li, what's going on? 'I said, trainee officer, I'm sorry today, our whole regiment rioted and made a fuss, you put down your guns quickly, and everyone comes out with bare hands, otherwise we will be impolite, and we will shoot and disarm.He quickly said, we will also participate in the fight for wages, please don't get me wrong.I said, that's good!You are welcome to attend.The task of disbanding the office (note: the Political Training Office) was completed in less than an hour.Except for the director who did not slip through the net when he went out, the officers in the office were all arrested by us.In less than two hours, the rebel army disarmed the reactionary military and police in Pingjiang County, occupied the county, rescued hundreds of imprisoned Communist Party members, workers and peasants, and the uprising was victorious.At the same time, Huang Gonglue led the Third Regiment and Third Battalion stationed in Chiayi Town, Pingjiang, and He Guozhong led the Division Suiying School stationed in Yueyang also launched an uprising, and rushed to Pingjiang to join Peng Dehuai's troops. On July 24th, at the Moon Pond Square in Pingjiang City, with red flags waving and gongs and drums blaring, the rebel army officers and soldiers and tens of thousands of people gathered here to celebrate the victory of the uprising. At the meeting, it was announced that the Fifth Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army would be established, with the thirteenth and fourteenth divisions under its jurisdiction. Peng Dehuai was the commander of the fifth Red Army and the commander of the thirteenth division. Ping is the chief of staff of the army and the chief of staff of the division.The meeting also announced the establishment of the Pingjiang County Workers, Peasants and Soldiers Soviet Government. The 13th Division of the Fifth Red Army has more than 2,000 people. It has jurisdiction over the 1st, 4th, and 7th regiments, as well as the military doctor's office, manager's office, heavy machine gun company, mortar company, special service team, health team, and telephone team.Lei Zhenhui, head of the first regiment (later defected), Li Can, party representative; Chen Pengfei, head of the fourth regiment (later defected), Huang Gonglue, party representative; Huang Chunyi, head of the seventh regiment, and He Guozhong, party representative. The next day, the Military Commission of the Fifth Red Army was established, with Deng Ping as secretary, and members including Teng Daiyuan, Peng Dehuai, Huang Gonglue, He Guozhong, Li Can, Huang Chunyi, Li Guang, Zhang Rongsheng, etc. A new Red Army team has emerged in Northeast Hunan.